Ethylene thiourea (original) (raw)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ethylene thiourea
 |
|
|---|---|
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name Imidazolidine-2-thione | |
| Other names1,3-Ethylene-2-thiourea, N,_N_-Ethylenethiourea | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 96-45-7  Y |
| 3D model (JSmol) | Interactive image |
| ChemSpider | 2005851 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.280  |
| PubChem CID | 2723650 |
| UNII | 24FOJ4N18S Y |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID5020601 |
| InChI InChI=1S/C3H6N2S/c6-3-4-1-2-5-3/h1-2H2,(H2,4,5,6)Key: PDQAZBWRQCGBEV-UHFFFAOYSA-NInChI=1/C3H6N2S/c6-3-4-1-2-5-3/h1-2H2,(H2,4,5,6)Key: PDQAZBWRQCGBEV-UHFFFAOYAQ | |
| SMILES C1CNC(=S)N1 | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C3H6N2S |
| Molar mass | 102.16 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Faint, amine-like |
| Melting point | 203 °C (397 °F; 476 K) |
| Boiling point | 347.18 °C (656.92 °F; 620.33 K) |
| Solubility in water | 2% (30 °C)[1] |
| Vapor pressure | 16 mmHg (20 °C)[1] |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
| Main hazards | combustible[1] |
| Flash point | 252.2 °C (486.0 °F; 525.3 K) |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (median dose) | 1832 mg/kg (oral, rat)[2] |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
| PEL (Permissible) | None[1] |
| REL (Recommended) | Ca Use encapsulated form.[1] |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Ca [N.D.][1] |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references |
Chemical compound
Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is an organosulfur compound with the formula C3H6N2S. It is an example of an N,_N_-disubstituted thiourea. It is a white solid. It is synthesized by treating ethylenediamine with carbon disulfide.[3]
Ethylene thioureas are an excellent accelerant of vulcanization of neoprene rubbers. In commercial use is the N,N'-diphenylethylenethiourea. Due to reproductive toxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity, alternatives are being sought to the ethylenethioureas. One candidate replacement is N-methyl-2-thiazolidinethione.[4]
Ethylene thiourea can be used as a biomarker of exposure to ethylenebisdithiocarbamates (EBDTCs), which are frequently employed as fungicides in agriculture, mainly on fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants.[5]
EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) has classified ethylene thiourea as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen.[6] Ethylene thiourea has been shown to be a potent teratogen (causes birth defects) in rats orally or dermally exposed.
- Mercaptobenzothiazole - a cyclic dithiocarbamate also used as a vulcanization accelerant
- ^ a b c d e f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0276". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/96-45-7 [_dead link_]
- ^ C. F. H. Allen; C. O. Edens; James VanAllan. "Ethylene Thiourea". Organic Syntheses; Collected Volumes, vol. 3, p. 394.
- ^ Rüdiger Schubart (2000). "Dithiocarbamic Acid and Derivatives". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a09_001. ISBN 3527306730.
- ^ Martínez Vidal, José L.; Frenich, Antonia Garrido (2005). Pesticide Protocols. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 79. ISBN 9781592599295. ethylene thiourea.
- ^ "Ethylene Thiourea" (PDF). Ethylene Thiourea. January 2000 [April 1992].