Gazu Hyakki Yagyō (original) (raw)

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Japanese book published in 1776

Gazu Hyakki Yagyō (画図百鬼夜行, "The Illustrated Night Parade of a Hundred Demons" or The Illustrated Demon Horde's Night Parade) is the first book of Japanese artist Toriyama Sekien's famous Gazu Hyakki Yagyō e-hon tetralogy, published in 1776. A version of the tetralogy translated and annotated in English was published in 2016.[1] Although the title translates to "The Illustrated Night Parade of a Hundred Demons", it is based on an idiom, hyakki yagyō, that is akin to pandemonium in English and implies an uncountable horde.[2] The book is followed by Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki, Konjaku Hyakki Shūi, and Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro.

The book is a supernatural bestiary, a collection of ghosts, spirits, spooks and monsters from literature, folklore, and other artwork. The art of Gazu Hyakki Yagyō heavily references a 1737 scroll-painting called the Hyakkai Zukan by artist Sawaki Sūshi;[3] Sekien's innovation was preparing the illustrations as woodblock prints that could be mass-produced in a bound book format.[4] Intended as a parody of then-popular reference books such as the Wakan Sansai Zue, it ended up becoming a reference book in its own right, profoundly influencing subsequent yōkai imagery in Japan.[5] The book proved popular enough to be reprinted three times over the course of the Edo era by various book-sellers.[6] The book is compiled in three sub-volumes: Yin, Yang, and Wind. Yin features a foreword by poet Maki Tōei, while Wind ends with an afterword by Sekien.[7]

First Volume "Yin" – 陰

[[edit](/w/index.php?title=Gazu%5FHyakki%5FYagy%C5%8D&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: First Volume "Yin" – 陰")]

The first volume of Gazu Hyakki Yagyō, called "Yin", includes the following yōkai.

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  Kodama (木魅)
  Sekien's comments: (kami) are said to appear in ancient trees. (百年の樹には神ありてかたちをあらはすといふ。)
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  Inugami (犬神)
  Sekien depicted it accompanied by a smaller creature called Shirachigo (白児).
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  Kappa (河童)
  Sekien's comments: It is also called kawatarō. (川太郎ともいふ。)
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  Kawauso (獺) (River otter)
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  Kitsunebi (狐火) (Fox-fire)

Second Volume "Yang" – 陽

[[edit](/w/index.php?title=Gazu%5FHyakki%5FYagy%C5%8D&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Second Volume "Yang" – 陽")]

The second volume of Gazu Hyakki Yagyō, called "Yang", includes the following yōkai.

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  Ten (鼬), (Marten)
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  Sōgenbi (ja:叢原火)
  Sekien's comments: It can be found in the west of Saiin outside the capital, near Mibudera temple. It is also called Sōgenbi of Suzaku.
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  Ubagabi (ja:姥ヶ火).
  Sekien's comments: It is said to appear in Kawachi Province.
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  Tesso (ja:鉄鼠).
  Sekien's comments: Raigō became a plague of rats, and went into the world.
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Third Volume "Wind" – 風

[[edit](/w/index.php?title=Gazu%5FHyakki%5FYagy%C5%8D&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Third Volume "Wind" – 風")]

The third volume of Gazu Hyakki Yagyō, called "Wind", includes the following yōkai.

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  Nuppeppō (ぬっぺっぽう, ぬっぺふほふ)
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• Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro
• Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki
• Konjaku Hyakki Shūi

1. ^ Yoda, Hiroko; Alt, Matt (2016). Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien. Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-80035-6.
2. ^ Yoda, Hiroko; Alt, Matt (2016). Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien. Dover Publications. p. vi. ISBN 978-0-486-80035-6.
3. ^ Yoda, Hiroko; Alt, Matt (2016). Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien. Dover Publications. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-486-80035-6.
4. ^ Foster, Michael Dylan (2009). Pandemonium and Parade: Japanese Monsters and the Culture of Yokai. University of California Press. p. 56.
5. ^ Yoda, Hiroko; Alt, Matt (2016). Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien. Dover Publications. p. viii. ISBN 978-0-486-80035-6.
6. ^ Yoda, Hiroko; Alt, Matt (2016). Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien. Dover Publications. p. xiv. ISBN 978-0-486-80035-6.
7. ^ Yoda, Hiroko; Alt, Matt (2016). Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien. Dover Publications. pp. 3–5. ISBN 978-0-486-80035-6.

• Yoda, Hiroko (2017). Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-80035-6.
• Toriyama, Sekien (July 2005). Toriyama Sekien Gazu Hyakki Yagyō Zen Gashū (in Japanese). Tokyo: Kadokawa Shoten Publishing Co., Ltd. pp. 10–65. ISBN 978-4-04-405101-3.
• "Hyakki Zufu Obake Iroha Sakuin". CSK Pavilion: Hyakki Yagyō. Retrieved 2007-04-22.