Helcionelloida (original) (raw)

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Extinct class of molluscs

HelcionelloidaTemporal range: Early Cambrian–Early Ordovician PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Latouchella costata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Subphylum: Conchifera
Class: †HelcionelloidaPeel, 1991
Orders
Order Helcionelliformes Order Pelagialliformes Order Khairkhaniiformes Order Onychochiliformes and see text

Yochelcionella cyrano

Pelagiella atlantoides

Helcionelloida is an extinct group of ancient molluscs (phylum Mollusca). These are the oldest known conchiferan molluscs, that is, they had a mineralised shell. Some members of this class were mistaken for Monoplacophorans. The class was erected by Peel in 1991.[1]

These animals were untorted and they had a coiled, cone-shaped shell. The majority of species were small (shells being about two millimeters in length and or diameter). Modern reconstructions depict them as resembling snails. The shells of some genera, particularly Yochelcionella, also possessed a "snorkel"-like opening which was most likely used for breathing.

The taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005[2] categorizes members of this taxon within the Paleozoic molluscs of uncertain systematic position, but that taxonomy to not use the name Helcionelloida.

Taxonomy of helcionelloid according to the opinion of P. Yu. Parkhaev:[3][4]

Gastropoda Cuvier, 1797

Subclass Archaeobranchia Parkhaev, 2001

Subclass Divasibranchia Minichev & Starobogatov, 1975

Subclass Dextrobranchia Minichev & Starobogatov, 1975

  1. ^ Peel, J. S. (1991). "Functional Morphology of the Class Helcionelloida Nov., and the Early Evolution of the Mollusca". In Simonetta, A. M.; Conway Morris, S (eds.). The Early Evolution of Metazoa and the Significance of Problematic Taxa. Cambridge University Press. pp. 157–177. ISBN 978-0-521-40242-2.
  2. ^ Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology, 47(1-2). ConchBooks: Hackenheim, Germany. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997. 397 pp. http://www.vliz.be/Vmdcdata/imis2/ref.php?refid=78278
  3. ^ P. Yu. Parkhaev (2006) "Adaptive radiation of the Cambrian helcionelloid mollusks (Gastropoda, Archaeobranchia). Archived 2015-06-10 at the Wayback Machine" In: S.V. Rozhnov (ed.) "Evolution of the biosphere and biodiversity. Towards the 70th anniversary of A. Y. Rozanov". 2006. Moscow, pp. 282-296.
  4. ^ P. Yu. Parkhaev (2007). "The Cambrian 'basement' of gastropod evolution". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 286: 415–421. doi:10.1144/SP286.31.