ITGAE (original) (raw)

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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ITGAE
Identifiers
Aliases ITGAE, CD103, HUMINAE, integrin subunit alpha E
External IDs OMIM: 604682; MGI: 1298377; HomoloGene: 113560; GeneCards: ITGAE; OMA:ITGAE - orthologs
Gene location (Human)Chromosome 17 (human)Chr.Chromosome 17 (human)[1]Chromosome 17 (human)Genomic location for ITGAEGenomic location for ITGAEBand17p13.2Start3,714,628 bp[1]End3,801,188 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)Chromosome 11 (mouse)Chr.Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2]Chromosome 11 (mouse)Genomic location for ITGAEGenomic location for ITGAEBand11 B4|11 45.22 cMStart72,981,409 bp[2]End73,038,272 bp[2]
RNA expression patternBgeeHuman Mouse (ortholog)Top expressed inoocytesecondary oocyteglutesmuscle of armbiceps brachiiputamentriceps brachii musclecaudate nucleusmonocytelymph nodeTop expressed inseminiferous tubulespermatidspermatocytemesenteric lymph nodesPaneth celllumbar subsegment of spinal cordbloodjejunumthymusduodenumMore reference expression dataBioGPSn/a
Gene ontologyMolecular function metal ion binding Cellular component integral component of membrane integrin complex plasma membrane external side of plasma membrane membrane Biological process integrin-mediated signaling pathway cell adhesion extracellular matrix organization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
OrthologsSpeciesHuman MouseEntrez368216407EnsemblENSG00000083457ENSMUSG00000005947UniProtP38570Q60677RefSeq (mRNA)NM_002208NM_008399NM_172944NM_001361245RefSeq (protein)NP_002199NP_032425NP_001348174Location (UCSC)Chr 17: 3.71 – 3.8 MbChr 11: 72.98 – 73.04 MbPubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Integrin, alpha E (ITGAE) also known as CD103 (cluster of differentiation 103) is an integrin protein that in human is encoded by the ITGAE gene.[5][6] CD103 binds integrin beta 7 (β7– ITGB7) to form the complete heterodimeric integrin molecule αEβ7, which has no distinct name. The αEβ7 complex is often referred to as "CD103" though this strictly refers only to the αE chain. Note that the β7 subunit can bind with other integrin α chains, such as α4 (CD49d).

Tissue distribution

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CD103 is expressed widely on intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) T cells (both αβ T cells and γδ T cells) and on some peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs).[7] It has also been reported on lamina propria T cells.[8] A subset of dendritic cells in the gut mucosa and mesenteric lymph nodes, known as CD103 dendritic cells, also expresses this marker.[9]

It is useful in identifying hairy cell leukemia which is positive for this marker in contrast to most other hematologic malignancies which are negative for CD103 except for hairy cell leukemia variant, a fraction of splenic marginal zone lymphomas, and enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma.[10]

The chief ligand for αEβ7 is E-cadherin, a cellular adhesion molecule (CAM) found on epithelial cells.[11] It is probably important for T cell homing to the intestinal sites[12] and thymocyte contacts with thymic reticuloepithelial cells.[13]

Tregs are important for decreasing the immune response and appear to play a crucial role in the prevention of autoimmune diseases. Tregs are defined as CD4+/CD25+/Foxp3+ cells.[14] Some CD4+/FoxP3− cells also express CD103 and have been attributed regulatory activity. It is unclear whether the presence of CD103 on Treg cells represents a specialized feature for Treg, or Treg differentiation of IEL T cells.

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000083457 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000005947 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Kilshaw PJ, Higgins JM (October 2002). "Alpha E: no more rejection?". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 196 (7): 873–875. doi:10.1084/jem.20021404. PMC 2194032. PMID 12370249.
  6. ^ "Entrez Gene: integrin".
  7. ^ Lehmann J, Huehn J, de la Rosa M, Maszyna F, Kretschmer U, Krenn V, et al. (October 2002). "Expression of the integrin alpha Ebeta 7 identifies unique subsets of CD25+ as well as CD25- regulatory T cells". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (20): 13031–13036. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9913031L. doi:10.1073/pnas.192162899. PMC 130581. PMID 12242333.
  8. ^ Aziz S, Fackler OT, Meyerhans A, Müller-Lantzsch N, Zeitz M, Schneider T (January 2005). "Replication of M-tropic HIV-1 in activated human intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes is the main reason for increased virus load in the intestinal mucosa". Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 38 (1): 23–30. doi:10.1097/00126334-200501010-00005. PMID 15608520. S2CID 22884381.
  9. ^ Johansson-Lindbom B, Svensson M, Pabst O, Palmqvist C, Marquez G, Förster R, et al. (October 2005). "Functional specialization of gut CD103+ dendritic cells in the regulation of tissue-selective T cell homing". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 202 (8): 1063–1073. doi:10.1084/jem.20051100. PMC 2213212. PMID 16216890.
  10. ^ Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, et al. (2008). WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues (World Health Organization Classification of Tumours) (4th ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. ISBN 978-92-832-2431-0.
  11. ^ Hadley GA, Bartlett ST, Via CS, Rostapshova EA, Moainie S (October 1997). "The epithelial cell-specific integrin, CD103 (alpha E integrin), defines a novel subset of alloreactive CD8+ CTL". Journal of Immunology. 159 (8): 3748–3756. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.159.8.3748. PMID 9378961.
  12. ^ Agace WW, Higgins JM, Sadasivan B, Brenner MB, Parker CM (October 2000). "T-lymphocyte-epithelial-cell interactions: integrin alpha(E)(CD103)beta(7), LEEP-CAM and chemokines". Current Opinion in Cell Biology. 12 (5): 563–568. doi:10.1016/S0955-0674(00)00132-0. PMID 10978890.
  13. ^ Kutlesa S, Wessels JT, Speiser A, Steiert I, Müller CA, Klein G (December 2002). "E-cadherin-mediated interactions of thymic epithelial cells with CD103+ thymocytes lead to enhanced thymocyte cell proliferation". Journal of Cell Science. 115 (Pt 23): 4505–4515. doi:10.1242/jcs.00142. PMID 12414996. S2CID 14571087.
  14. ^ Allakhverdi Z, Fitzpatrick D, Boisvert A, Baba N, Bouguermouh S, Sarfati M, et al. (December 2006). "Expression of CD103 identifies human regulatory T-cell subsets". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 118 (6): 1342–1349. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2006.07.034. PMID 17137867.