Khadjibey (original) (raw)
| Khadjibey | |
|---|---|
| Hacıbey | |
| Gulf of Odesa | |
 Khadzhibey by Gennady Ladyzhensky, 1899 (kept in Odesa Art Museum) |
|
  KhadjibeyLocation in modern Odesa OblastShow map of Odesa Oblast KhadjibeyKhadjibey (Ukraine)Show map of Ukraine |
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| Coordinates | 46°29′09″N 30°44′36″E / 46.485722°N 30.743444°E / 46.485722; 30.743444 |
| Site history | |
| Built | 14th century |
| Fate | Replaced by city of Odesa |
| Demolished | 18th century |
Plan of the fortress, 1784
Khadjibey (Turkish: Hacıbey; Ukrainian: Коцюбіїв) was a fortress and a haven by the Gulf of Odesa, in the location of the modern city of Odesa, Ukraine. The settlement was destroyed and abandoned in the 15th of 16th century and was revived under the Ottoman Empire in the 18th century.
Other known spellings include Khadzhibey, Khadjibei, Hajibey, Khacdjibei, Hacıbey, Hocabey, Gadzhibei, Chadžibėjus, Codjabey, Kachybey, Kotsiubey, Kotsiubiiv.
By one hypothesis, it was named after Hacı I Giray.[_citation needed_] Polish historian Marian Karol Dubiecki [pl] suggested the connection of the name of the fortress with the Polish roots linking it with the surname Kociuba, [1] an opinion criticized by Vasili Nadler [ru].[2]
Nadler suggested that a Tatar settlement existed on the site by the 14th century, but was ceded in the early 15th century to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.[2] An early mention of a "port Kaczubyeiow" dated 1415 is given by Jan Długosz in his Historiae Polonicae.[3] However, it has been argued that Długosz erred and that the described events (the gift of grain by King Władysław II Jagiełło to a besieged Constantinople) are reliably documented to have happened in 1413.[2]
In 1480, the fortress was captured by the Ottoman Empire.[_citation needed_] In 1764, the Ottomans reinforced their position by building the Yeni Dünya fortress nearby; the area was included in the province of Silistra Eyalet. The Russian army took the fortress and settlement in 1789 during the Russo-Turkish War, a battle was fought near Khadjibey in 1790, and, in 1792, the territory was annexed by the Russian Empire.[2]
- ^ W. Jakowicki - Przewodnik po Odessie (z planem miasta) i opis podróży z Warszawy do Odessy Warszawa 1910
- ^ a b c d Vasili Nadler [ru], Одесса в первые эпохи ее существования, Одесса, 1893. Reprinted: Odesa, Optimum, 2007, ISBN 966-344-152-6.
- ^ Jan Długosz, Historiae Polonicae, p 367
- Quote: "Wladislaus antem Poloniae Rex, necessitati corum satagens pia commiseratione succurere, petitam frumenti quantitatem dat et largitur, et in portu suo Regio Kaczubyeiow, per cos recepiendam, consignat, Datis autem Alexandre Moldauiae Voieuedae et suae consorti donis reuersalibus, et Anna Regina Cracouiam remissa, processit in Camyeniecz..."