List of kings of the Lombards (original) (raw)

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The Iron Crown of Lombardy, displayed in the Cathedral of Monza

The kings of the Lombards or reges Langobardorum (singular rex Langobardorum) were the monarchs of the Lombard people from the early 6th century until the Lombardic identity became lost in the 9th and 10th centuries. After 774, the kings were not Lombards, but Franks. From the 12th century, the votive crown and reliquary known as the Iron Crown (Corona Ferrea) retrospectively became a symbol of their rule, though it was never used by Lombard kings.

The primary sources for the Lombard kings before the Frankish conquest are the anonymous 7th-century Origo Gentis Langobardorum and the 8th-century Historia Langobardorum of Paul the Deacon. The earliest kings (the pre-Lethings) listed in the Origo are almost certainly legendary. They purportedly reigned during the Migration Period. The first ruler attested independently of Lombard tradition is Tato.

• Shava
• Ybor and Agio, brothers, together with their mother Gambara, who led the emigration from Scandinavia
• Agilmund, son of Agio
• Laiamicho (Lamissio)
• Ortnit

The Lethings were an early dynasty from the time of Lethuc. The last ruling descendant of Lethuc was Walthari, whose son was in turn displaced by Audoin of the family of the Gausi.

• Lethuc (fl. c. 400), ruled for some 40 years.
• Aldihoc (mid-5th century)
• Godehoc (480s), led the Lombards into modern-day Austria
• Claffo (fl. c. 500)
• Tato (early 6th century, died perhaps 510), his son Ildichus died in exile
• Wacho (510–539), son of Unichus
• Walthari (539–546), son of Wacho
• Audoin (546–565), led the Lombards into Pannonia
• Alboin (565–572)
• Cleph (572–574)

Rule of the Dukes (Ten year interregnum)

• Authari (584–590), son of previous
• Agilulf (591–c. 616), cousin of previous
• Adaloald (c. 616–c. 626)
• Arioald (c. 626–636)
• Rothari (636–652)
• Rodoald (652–653)
• Aripert I (653–661)
• Perctarit and Godepert (661–662)
• Grimuald (662–671)
• Garibald (671)
• Perctarit (671–688) (restored from exile)
• Alahis (688–689), rebel
• Cunincpert (688–700)
• Liutpert (700–701)
• Raginpert (701)
• Aripert II (701–712)
• Ansprand (712)
• Liutprand (712–744)
• Hildeprand (744)
• Ratchis (744–749)
• Aistulf (749–756)
• Desiderius (756–774)

Charlemagne conquered the Lombards in 774 at the invitation of Pope Adrian I.

• Charlemagne (774–781) in personal union, passed kingship to his third son, Pepin.
• Pepin (or Pippin) (781–810), king under authority of Charlemagne
• Bernard (810–818)
• Lothair I (818–839)
• Louis II (839–875)

The title rex Langobardorum, synonymous with rex Italiae, lasted well into the High Middle Ages,[1] but subsequent holders are found at King of Italy.

Family tree of Lombards Kings

The colors denotes the monarchs from the Houses of: - Lething dynasty - Gausian dynasty - Unnamed dynasty - Bavarian dynasty - Non-dynastic king - Harodingians - Beneventan dynasty - Carolingian dynasty - Ruler of the Kingdom of Lombards (Regnum Langobardorum / Regnum totius Italiae) Lethuc Aldihoc Godehoc Claffo Tatodied 510Unichus Wachor. 510-539Austrigusaof the Gepidsfl. 531Audoinr. 545-565 Cleph?-572-574Walthari539-546Garibald I of Bavaria540-591Waldrada of Neustria531-572Theudebald of AustrasiaGrasulf I of Friuli died 571Alboin530-565-572 Authari540-84-90Theodelinda of Bavaria570-628Agilulf555-590-616Gundoald Duke of Asti565-616Gisulf I of Friulidied 590Tassilo I of Bavaria560-610 Rothari606-636-652Gundebergaborn 591Arioald?-626-636Adaloald602-616-626-628Aripert I?-653-661Romilda of Friulidied 611Gisulf II of Friulidied 611Garibald II of Bavaria585-625 Rodoald637-652-653RodelindaPerctarit?-661-662-671-688Godepert?-661-662Theodota(?)Grimoald610-662-671Gellaof FriuliTheodo V of Bavaria625-716 Alahisr. 689Cunipertr. 688-689,689-700Raginpertr. 701Ansprand657-712-712Garibaldr. 671Gotfrid of Alemanniadied 709_daughter,name unknown_ Liutpertr. 700-701, 702Aripert IIr. 701-702,702-712Pemmo of Friulidied 739Ritpurga_sibling,name unknown_Liutprandr. 712-744Odilo of Bavariadied 748 Ratchisr. 744-749Aistulf?-749-756Hildeprandr. 735-744Desiderius?-756-774-786 Hildegard754-783Charles the Great748-778-814Desideratafl. 770Liutpergafl. 763Tassilo III of Bavaria741-796 kings of Italy

1. ^ "German Tribes org Lombard Kings". GermanTribes.org. Archived from the original on 2010-07-18. Retrieved 2010-07-18.

• Oman, Charles (1914). The Dark Ages, 476–918 (Sixth ed.). London: Rivingtons.