List of rulers of Auvergne (original) (raw)

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This is a list of the various rulers of Auvergne.

In the 7th century Auvergne was disputed between the Franks and Aquitanians. It was later conquered by the Carolingians, and was integrated for a time into the kingdom of Aquitaine. The counts of Auvergne slowly became autonomous.

In the 10th century Auvergne became a disputed territory between the count of Poitiers and the counts of Toulouse.

In the Middle Ages Auvergne was broken into four feudal domains:

Auvergne was integrated in turn into the appanages of Alphonse, count of Poitou and Toulouse (1241–1271) and of John, duke of Berry and Auvergne and count of Poitiers and Montpensier (1360–1416).

During the Hundred Years' War Auvergne faced numerous raids and revolts, including the Tuchin Revolt.

In 1434 the Duchy of Auvergne passed to the House of Bourbon.

Quite contemporaneously, the County of Auvergne passed to the House of La Tour d'Auvergne, and upon its extinction in 1531 it passed to Catherine de' Medici before becoming a royal domain.

In 1436, the Dauphinate of Auvergne passed to the House of Bourbon-Montpensier.

Elected Counts of Auvergne (480–963)

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Coat of arms of the counts and dukes of Auvergne.

After the death of Acfred, who left the comital fisc completely diminished, there appeared no successor who could control the entire Auvergne, with Velay. Several relatives of surrounding regions made claims. Below are the dates of their effective control.

Hereditary Counts of Auvergne and the Dauphinate (963-1653/1693)

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From the viscounty of Clermont, then vassal to the elective county of Auvergne, came the so-called House of Auvergne, a designation used by modern historians for the family that ruled consistently the Auvergne region from 963. After a period of comital vacancy, the viscounts of Clermont were elevated as successors of the elective counts: the county became hereditary.

Viscounts of Clermont

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The splitting of the county and the Dauphinate

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Coat of arms of the dauphins of Auvergne.

In 1155, count William VII the Young was usurped by his uncle, count William VIII the Old. However, William VIII left a smaller portion for his nephew to rule. In 1209, the county of William VIII the Old would be made smaller after a partial confiscation by Philip II of France, later to be made in 1360 as the Duchy of Auvergne.

As for William VII the Young, he was able to maintain his status in part of his county,[1] especially Beaumont, Chamalières, and Montferrand. From this smaller county raised, in 1302, the Dauphinate of Auvergne.

Based in the fact that William VII's wife was the daughter of the dauphin de Viennois, Guigues IV, and that William VII's descendants, in virtue of the Viennois blood, used the surname Dauphin, the majority of authors anticipate the formalization of the dauphinate in 1302 and choose to call William VII and his successors already as dauphins of Auvergne, for a clear distinction from the descendants of William VIII. Still others, out of convenience, choose to call these successors the counts-dauphins of Auvergne.

Partitions of Auvergne under Auvergne family

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County of Auvergne(963-1169)
Younger Countyof Auvergne(1169-1302)Raised to:Dauphinateof Auvergne(1302–1436)
Part of the countyannexed to France (1209);In 1360, emerged here theDuchy of Auvergne Elder Countyof Auvergne(1169-1437)
Inherited byLa Tour d'Auvergne Inherited byBourbon

Note: The parallel existence of the usurpers of the Elder County of Auvergne and of the usurped Younger County-Dauphinate, who often carried the same first names, also complicates things.[2] To avoid confusion, the numbering system used here is continuous, and Dauphin is used as part of the name where applicable.

The successors of the Auvergne family in the county and the dauphinate

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County of Auvergne Dauphinate of Auvergne
Bertrand V of La Tour (1437–1461), son of Marie I Bertrand VI of La Tour (1461–1494), son of Bertrand V John III (1494–1501), son of Bertrand VI Anne de La Tour d'Auvergne (1501–1524), daughter of John III Catherine de' Medici (1524–1589), niece of Anne Charles III, Duke of Lorraine (1589–1608), son-in-law of Catherine (although her granddaughter Isabella Clara Eugenia would have been genealogically senior) Margaret of Valois (1608–1610), daughter of Catherine; wife of King Henry IV of France. The marriage produced no children and was annulled. Henry then married Margaret's cousin, Marie de' Medici As Appanage: Charles de Valois (1573–1650), illegitimate son of Charles IX of France and duke of Angoulême Louis-Emmanuel d'Angoulême (1650–1653), his son John I, Duke of Bourbon (1417–1434), son of Anne Louis I, Count of Montpensier (1434–1486), son of John I and Marie, Duchess of Auvergne (see Dukes of Auvergne below); husband of Joanna Gilbert, Count of Montpensier (1486–1496), son of Louis I Louis II, Count of Montpensier (1496–1501), son of Gilbert Charles III, Duke of Bourbon (1501–1527), son of Gilbert From 1525–1538 the dauphinate was confiscated by the king and united with the royal domain. Louise de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier (1527–1561), daughter of Gilbert Louis, Duke of Montpensier (1561–1583), son of Louise François, Duke of Montpensier (1583–1592), son of Louis Henri, Duke of Montpensier (1592–1608), son of François Marie de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier (1608–1627), daughter of Henri Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier (1627–1693), daughter of Marie At her death in 1693, the title returned to the royal domain. It was later given to: Elisabeth, Dauphine of Auvergne (1652–1722), great-great-granddaughter of the great-great-aunt of the predecessor, married Philip I, Duke of Orléans, Dauphin of Auvergne Philip II, Duke of Orléans, Dauphin of Auvergne, son of Elisabeth
Became part of the royal domain upon the ascension of Louis XIII, son of Henry IV and Marie de'Medici Afterwards, the title returned to the royal domain and was claimed as a courtesy title by the dukes of Orléans, and the modern Orleanist pretenders

Bishops of Clermont

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The title of bishop of Clermont is used from 1160 onwards. Before then they were called bishop of Arvernes.[_citation needed_] In 2002, the Bishopric of Clermont was incorporated into the Archbishopric of Clermont-Ferrand.

List of bishops of Arvernes

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List of bishops of Clermont

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List of archbishops of Clermont-Ferrand

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Coat of arms of the counts and dukes of Auvergne.

The Duchy of Auvergne was created in 1360 by John II of France, out of part of the Elder County of Auvergne, confiscated by Philip II of France in 1209.

List of dukes of Auvergne

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After his death in 1527, the title was confiscated and passed to the royal domain.

Louise confronted Charles III's right to succession with the support of her son, King Francis I of France. After her death in 1531, the title passed to the royal domain.

  1. ^ Some authors have named William VII and his descendants counts of Clermont (after the viscounty from which the family emerged), as a way to mark them as the legitimate line. However, this risks confusion with the episcopal County of Clermont in Auvergne, and also with the unrelated County of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis.
  2. ^ Some authors create a new numbering starting with the first dauphins even though the dauphinate did not really begin until 1302. Others choose to reestablish, beginning with William the Young, the numbering of the viscounts of Clermont who became counts of Auvergne, particularly for the dauphins named Robert.
  3. ^ The numbering of the counts named William follows that of the elective counts. However, the most traditional counting does not include William III, Duke of Aquitaine as a de facto count of Auvergne.
  4. ^ Sauxillanges, 402, p. 311.
  5. ^ Christian SETTIPANI, La noblesse du Midi carolingien: études sur quelques grandes familles d'Acquitaine et du Languedoc du IXe au XIe siècle, Toulousain, Périgord, Limousin, Poitou, Auvergne, Occasional Publications UPR, 2004 (ISBN 978-1-900934-04-6).
  6. ^ According to Pontiari, E. (ed.) (1927-8), De rebus gestis Rogerii Calabriæ et Siciliæ comitis et Roberti Guiscardi ducis fratris eius, (Bologna) (“Malaterra”) IV.8, p. 90, Emma was intended to marry Philip I of France, but her father didn't know he was still married to Bertha of Holland, and it was Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse who arranged for her to marry William VI. This could only have happened in 1092, probably between the separation of the royal couple, and the beginning of the bigamous marriage of the king to Bertrade of Montfort.
  7. ^ Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 59.
  8. ^ Baluze contests historians who consider Robert's wife to be Beatrice, daughter of Guigues III of Albon. See Baluze, Histoire généalogique de la maison d'Auvergne, tome 1, pag 60.
  9. ^ A previous marriage to Joanna of Calabria is mentioned in a spurious document. See Baluze (1708) Auvergne, Tome II, p. 62.
  10. ^ He is alternatively named Robert I Dauphin, thus restarting the numbering. In the present table the numbering will continue from the original county of Auvergne.
  11. ^ The numbering in the Dauphinate starts from where the division left it; He was the eighth William in this part of the county.
  12. ^ Somes sources state him as I or II, depending on whether his grandfather was named Robert or simply Dauphin For the reason of the numbering on the present table see footnote on Robert IV Dauphin.
  13. ^ Histoire généalogique de la maison d'Auvergne, Livre 1, pag. 103
  14. ^ Histoire généalogique de la maison d'Auvergne, Livre 1, pag. 110