Liverpool West Derby (UK Parliament constituency) (original) (raw)

Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1885 onwards

Liverpool, West Derby
Borough constituencyfor the House of Commons
Map of constituencyBoundary of Liverpool West Derby in North West England
County Merseyside
Electorate 70,730 (2023)[1]
Current constituency
Created 1885
Member of Parliament Ian Byrne (Labour)
Seats One
Created from Liverpool

Liverpool, West Derby is a constituency[n 1] represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by Ian Byrne of the Labour Party. On 23 July 2024, Byrne was suspended from the Labour Party and had the whip withdrawn for six months, for voting to scrap the two child benefit cap. He now sits as an Independent.[2][n 2]

Map

Map of present boundaries

Liverpool West Derby in Lancashire, boundaries used 1974-83

1885–1918: The Municipal Borough of Liverpool ward of West Derby.

1918–1950: The County Borough of Liverpool wards of Anfield, Breckfield, and West Derby.

1950–1955: The County Borough of Liverpool wards of Croxteth and West Derby.

1955–1983: The County Borough of Liverpool wards of Clubmoor, Croxteth, Dovecot, and Gillmoss.

1983–1997: The City of Liverpool wards of Clubmoor, Croxteth, Dovecot, Gillmoss, and Pirrie.

1997–2010: The City of Liverpool wards of Clubmoor, Croxteth, Dovecot, Gillmoss, Pirrie, and Tuebrook.

2010–2024: The City of Liverpool wards of Croxteth, Knotty Ash, Norris Green, Tuebrook and Stoneycroft, West Derby, and Yew Tree.

Following their review of parliamentary representation in Merseyside, the Boundary Commission created a modified West Derby constituency, which was fought at the 2010 general election. The commission's initial proposal to create a cross-border "Croxteth and Kirkby" constituency (which would have contained electoral wards from Knowsley borough, as well as from Liverpool) was dropped on its public consultation.

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies which came into effect for the 2024 general election, the constituency was defined as being composed of the following wards of the City of Liverpool as they existed on 1 December 2020:

The constituency was subject to significant change, with the addition of the two Knowsley Borough wards from the constituency of Knowsley and the Liverpool City (former) ward of Old Swan from Liverpool Wavertree. These were partly offset by the transfer of the Croxteth and Norris Green wards to Liverpool Walton.

Liverpool was subject to a comprehensive local government boundary review which came into effect in May 2023.[4][5] As a result, the new constituency boundaries do not align with the revised ward boundaries. The constituency now comprises the following from the 2024 general election:

The constituency is one of five covering the city of Liverpool and covers the northeast of the city, including Croxteth, Gillmoss, Knotty Ash, Norris Green, Tuebrook, and Stoneycroft as well as West Derby itself.[_needs update_]

The seat was created in the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 and can be considered a safe seat from 1964 to the present day for the Labour Party, having retained the seat at every general election since then. However, in the early-1980s, it was briefly held by the SDP as a result of sitting Labour MP Eric Ogden being among many defectors.[n 3] Labour regained the seat at the 1983 general election, where Bob Wareing won the seat back for Labour.

Before 1964, it was held by the Conservative Party, although their share of the vote has declined considerably; so much so that at four recent general elections, they have finished in fourth place; however they managed to place in third at the 2015 general election and second place in 2017 and 2019.

At the general elections of 1997 and 2001, the Liverpool West Derby seat was the only constituency in England in which a minor party finished in second place, the Liberal Party who had[n 4] all three local councillors for one electoral ward in the area.[7] At the 2005 general election, however, the Liberals were pushed into third place by the Liberal Democrats and fell to fourth place in 2015, with UKIP finishing in second place.

Sir F E Smith

Sir Frederick Edwin Smith, then Solicitor-General in the David Lloyd George Coalition Government, was returned for Liverpool West Derby at the 1918 general election; when constituency reorganisation abolished his former neighbouring Walton seat. He sat for only two months, being promoted Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain and raised to the peerage as Lord Birkenhead in February 1919. He was the first of two MPs for this seat to achieve the highest legal office.

David Maxwell Fyfe

Maxwell Fyfe, KC, MP from 1935 to 1954 (including World War II) became the highest judge in the country, the Lord Chancellor, having been the Attorney General and Solicitor General for England and Wales. He helped to co-write the European Convention on Human Rights and was one of the key prosecutors at the Nuremberg Trials jointly with the (Labour-member) prosecutor Sir Hartley Shawcross. At this task was a "capable lawyer, efficient administrator and concerned housemaster".[8] There were misgivings in some quarters as to how Fyfe would perform, cross-examination not being regarded as one of his strengths. However his cross-examination of Hermann Göring is one of the most noted cross-examinations in history.[9] "Faced with sustained and methodical competence rather than brilliance, Goering...[n 5] crumbled".[10]

Stephen Twigg

Stephen Twigg ousted Michael Portillo in the normally right-leaning Enfield Southgate seat and represented it from 1997 until the 2005 general election; briefly serving as schools minister before that year's general election, which he lost, before five years later, standing for this normally left-leaning seat in Liverpool.

Members of Parliament

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Election Member[11] Party
1885 Lord Claud Hamilton
1888 by-election Hon. William Cross
1893 by-election Walter Long
1900 Samuel Higginbottom
1903 by-election William Rutherford
1918 Sir F. E. Smith, Bt
1919 by-election Sir Reginald Hall
1923 Sydney Jones
1924 Sir John Sandeman Allen
1935 by-election David Maxwell Fyfe
1954 by-election John Woollam
1964 Eric Ogden
1981 SDP
1983 Bob Wareing
2007 Independent
2010 Stephen Twigg
2019 Ian Byrne
2024 Independent

Elections in the 2020s

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Elections in the 2010s

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Paul Parr was also the Liberal Democrat candidate at both the 2010 and 2015 general elections, when he was known as Paul Twigger.[19] Graham Hughes ran on an anti-Brexit platform as an independent in 2017, and subsequently joined the Liberal Democrats.[21]

Elections in the 2000s

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Elections in the 1990s

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Elections in the 1980s

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Elections in the 1970s

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Elections in the 1960s

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Elections in the 1950s

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Elections in the 1940s

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Elections in the 1930s

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Elections in the 1920s

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Elections in the 1910s

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Hall

Smith

Elections in the 1900s

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Holt

Elections in the 1890s

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Long

Elections in the 1880s

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  1. ^ A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)

  2. ^ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

  3. ^ See Labour Party (UK), who at the time called for withdrawal from the EEC (the Common Market) and removal of nuclear weapons during the Cold War. These considerable defections caused Labour to change its policies.

  4. ^ Terms of office to date: 2003-2015

  5. ^ Alternative spelling for Göring

  6. ^ "The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume two: Constituency names, designations and composition – North West". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 12 July 2024.

  7. ^ "x.com".

  8. ^ "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule 1 Part 5 North West region.

  9. ^ LGBCE. "Liverpool | LGBCE". www.lgbce.org.uk. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

  10. ^ "The Liverpool (Electoral Changes) Order 2022".

  11. ^ "New Seat Details - Liverpool West Derby". www.electoralcalculus.co.uk. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

  12. ^ "Find Councillor". 16 June 2017. Archived from the original on 23 April 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2013.

  13. ^ Tusa & Tusa (1983), p.136.

  14. ^ Dutton (2004)

  15. ^ Tusa & Tusa, p.287.

  16. ^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "W" (part 2)

  17. ^ "Liverpool West Derby - General election results 2024" – via www.bbc.co.uk.

  18. ^ "Labour MP Ian Byrne reselected as Liverpool West Derby candidate". BBC News. 21 November 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2024.

  19. ^ "Our Candidates". Retrieved 2 June 2024.

  20. ^ "Liberal Democrat Prospective Parliamentary Candidates". Mark Pack. Retrieved 3 February 2024.

  21. ^ "Election results for Liverpool West Derby Parliamentary Election - Thursday, 4th July, 2024". Liverpool City Council. 4 July 2024.

  22. ^ Reeves, Tony (14 November 2014). "Statement of persons nominated, notice of poll. Election of a Member of Parliament for the Liverpool West Derby Constituency". Liverpool City Council. Archived from the original (DOCX) on 16 November 2019.

  23. ^ "Commons Briefing Paper 8749. General Election 2019: results and analysis" (PDF). London: House of Commons Library. 28 January 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.

  24. ^ a b Fitzgerald, Ged (11 May 2017). "Statement of persons nominated, notice of poll. Election of a Member of Parliament for the Liverpool West Derby Constituency". Liverpool City Council. Archived from the original (DOCX) on 4 October 2019.

  25. ^ "Commons Briefing Paper 7979. General Election 2017: results and analysis" (PDF) (Second ed.). House of Commons Library. 29 January 2019 [7 April 2018]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 November 2019.

  26. ^ "Election results for Knotty Ash, 2 May 2019". councillors.liverpool.gov.uk. 2 May 2019. Archived from the original on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2019.

  27. ^ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

  28. ^ "Liverpool West Derby". BBC News. Archived from the original on 10 May 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.

  29. ^ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

  30. ^ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

  31. ^ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

  32. ^ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

  33. ^ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

  34. ^ "UK General Election results April 1992". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived from the original on 26 October 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2010.

  35. ^ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

  36. ^ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

  37. ^ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1955.

  38. ^ British parliamentary election results 1918-1949, Craig, F.W.S.

  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.

  40. ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916

  41. ^ ‘LIAS, William John’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2014; online edn, April 2014 accessed 11 Oct 2017 Archived 3 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine

  42. ^ a b c d e f The Constitutional Year Book, 1904, published by Conservative Central Office, page 170 (194 in web page)

  43. ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1896

  44. ^ "Markfield". Leicester Chronicle. 25 June 1892. p. 8. Archived from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

  45. ^ "General Election". Liverpool Mercury. 3 July 1886. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 3 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.

  46. ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886

53°26′20″N 2°53′28″W / 53.439°N 2.891°W / 53.439; -2.891