Nawab of Awadh (original) (raw)

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Rulers of the state of Awadh (Oudh) in India (1722–1858)

Nawab of Awadh (Oudh)
Seal of the Kingdom of Awadh
First to reign **Saadat Ali Khan I**26 January 1722 – 19 March 1739
Details
First monarch Saadat Ali Khan I
Last monarch Birjis Qadr
Formation 26 January 1722
Abolition 3 March 1858
Residence Chattar Manzil

The Nawab of Awadh or Nawab of Oudh was the title of the rulers of Kingdom of Awadh (anglicised as Oudh) in northern India during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Nawabs of Awadh belonged to an Iranian dynasty[1][2][3] of Sayyid origin[4][5] from Nishapur, Iran. In 1724, Nawab Sa'adat Khan established the Kingdom of Awadh with their capital in Faizabad and Lucknow.

The Nawabs of Awadh were semi-autonomous rulers within the fragmented polities of Mughal India after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707. They fought wars with the Peshwa, the Battle of Bhopal (1737) against the Maratha Confederacy (which was opposed to the Mughal Empire), and the Battle of Karnal (1739) as courtiers of the Moghul.[6]

The Nawabs of Awadh, along with many other Nawabs, were regarded as members of the nobility of the Mughal Empire. They joined Ahmad Shah Durrani during the Third Battle of Panipat (1761) and restored Shah Alam II (r. 1760–1788 and 1788–1806) to the imperial throne. The Nawab of Awadh also fought the Battle of Buxar (1764) preserving the interests of the Moghul. Oudh State eventually declared itself independent from the rule of the Moghul in 1818.[7]

All of these rulers of the Royal House of Awadh used the title of Nawab from 1722 onward:

Portrait Titular Name Personal Name Birth Reign Death
_Burhan ul Mulk Sa'adat Khan_برہان الملک سعادت خان Saadat Ali Khan Iسعادت علی خان 1680 Nishapur, Khurasan, Safavid dynasty, Persia 1722 – 19 March 1739 1739
_Abul-Mansur Khan Safdar Jung_ابو المنصور خان صفدرجنگ Muhammad Muqimمحمد مقیم 1708 1739 – 5 October 1754 1754
_Shuja-ud-Daula_شجاع الدولہ Jalal-ud-din Haider Abul-Mansur Khanجلال الدین حیدر ابا المنصور خان 1732 1754 – 26 January 1775 1775
_Asaf-ud-Daula_آصف الدولہ Muhammad Yahya Mirza Amani 1748 26 January 1775 – 20 April 1797 1798
_Asif Jah Mirza_آصف جاہ میرزا Wazir Ali Khanوزیر علی خان 1780 21 September 1797 – 21 January 1798 1817
_Yamin-ud-Daula_یمین الدولہ Saadat Ali Khan IIسعادت علی خان دوم 1752 21 January 1798 – 11 July 1814 1814
_Ghazi-ud-Din Haidar Shah_غازی الدین حیدر شاہ Ghazi-ud-Din Haidar Shahغازی الدین حیدر شاہ 1769 11 July 1814 – 19 October 1827 1827
_Abul- Mansur Qutub-ud-din Sulaiman jah_ابا المنصور قطب الدین سلیمان جاہ Nasir-ud-Din Haidar Shahناصر الدیں حیدر شاہ 1803 19 October 1827 – 7 July 1837 1837
_Abul Fateh Moin-ud-din_ابا الفاتح معین الدین Muhammad Ali Shahمحمّد علی شاہ 1777 7 July 1837 – 7 May 1842 1842
_Najm-ud-Daula Abul-Muzaffar Musleh-ud-din_نجم الدولہ ابا المظفر مصلح الدین Amjad Ali Shahامجد علی شاہ 1801 7 May 1842 – 13 February 1847 1847
_Abul-Mansur Mirza_ابا المنصور میرزا Wajid Ali Shahواجد علی شاہ 1822 13 February 1847 – 11 February 1856 1 September 1887
_Mohammadi Khanum_محمدی خانم Begum Hazrat Mahalبیگم حضرت محل 1820 11 February 1856 – 5 July 1857 Wife of Wajid Ali Shah and mother of Birjis Qadra (in rebellion) 7 April 1879
_Ramzan Ali_رمضان علی Birjis Qadrبر جیس قدر 1845 5 July 1857 – 3 March 1858(in rebellion) 14 August 1893

Decendants to the throne of Awadh

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  1. ^ Sacred space and holy war: the politics, culture and history of Shi'ite Islam Archived 29 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine By Juan Ricardo Cole
  2. ^ Encyclopædia Iranica, [1] Archived 22 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, R. B. Barnett
  3. ^ Art and culture: endeavours in interpretation by Ahsan Jan Qaisar, Som Prakash Verma, Mohammad Habib
  4. ^ Davies, C. Collin (1960–2005). "Awadh". The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition (12 vols.). Leiden: E. J. Brill.
  5. ^ Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1954), The First Two Nawabs of Awadh, Shiva Lal Agarwal, p. 1
  6. ^ Azhar, Mirza Ali (1982). King Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  7. ^ "As children, we wanted revenge on the British". The Times of India. 30 September 2016. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  8. ^ a b "In memoriam: Tribute to tragic Nawab Wajid Ali Shah on his bicentenary". Get Bengal. 22 July 2023. Archived from the original on 24 September 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
  9. ^ Sullivan, Tim (11 December 2010). "A noble feud reflects India's royal ambivalence". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2024.