Obninsk (original) (raw)

City in Kaluga Oblast, Russia

City in Kaluga Oblast, Russia

Obninsk Обнинск
City[1]
Obninsk, Leypunsky streetObninsk, Leypunsky street
Flag of ObninskFlagCoat of arms of ObninskCoat of arms
MapInteractive map of Obninsk
Obninsk is located in RussiaObninskObninskLocation of ObninskShow map of RussiaObninsk is located in Kaluga OblastObninskObninskObninsk (Kaluga Oblast)Show map of Kaluga Oblast
Coordinates: 55°05′35″N 36°36′38″E / 55.09306°N 36.61056°E / 55.09306; 36.61056
Country Russia
Federal subject Kaluga Oblast[1]
Founded 1946
City status since 1956[2]
Government
• Head Vyacheslav Lezhnin [ru]
Area[2]
• Total 42.97 km2 (16.59 sq mi)
Elevation 175 m (574 ft)
Population (2010 Census)[3]
• Total 104,739
• Estimate (1 January 2024) 132,477 (+26.5%)
• Rank 153rd in 2010
• Density 2,437/km2 (6,313/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to City of Obninsk[1]
• Capital of City of Obninsk[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug Obninsk Urban Okrug[4]
• Capital of Obninsk Urban Okrug[4]
Time zone UTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[5])
Postal code[6] 249030
Dialing code +7 48439
OKTMO ID 29715000001
Website www.admobninsk.ru

Obninsk (Russian: О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Protva River 100 kilometers (62 mi) southwest of Moscow and 80 kilometers (50 mi) northeast of Kaluga. Its population is 125,376 at the 2021 census.

The history of Obninsk began in 1945 when the First Research Institute Laboratory "V", subsequently called the Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE) was founded. On June 27, 1954, Obninsk started operations of the world's first nuclear power plant to generate electricity for a power grid. The city was built next to the plant in order to support it. Scientists, engineers, construction workers, teachers and other professionals moved to Obninsk from all over the Soviet Union. Town status was granted to Obninsk on June 24, 1956. The name of the city is taken from Obninskoye, the train station in Moscow-Bryansk railroad, built in Tsarist times.[2] Obninskoye and Obninsk were the frontline edges of the White/Red Armies in 1917–1924, also the 1812 War with France and the 1941-1942 Battle of Moscow Campaigns in World War II.

Old buildings, 1950s

Buildings on Lenin Prospekt

Marx Prospekt

Downtown

Administrative and municipal status

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Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the City of Obninsk — an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the City of Obninsk is incorporated as Obninsk Urban Okrug.[4]

According to the 2021 Census, the population of the city was 125,376 (2021 census).[7] According to the previous, 2010 Census, the population of the city was 104,739,[3] down from 105,706 recorded in the 2002 Census,[8] but up from 100,178 recorded in the 1989 Census.[9]

The average age of the citizens is thirty-nine years.[10]

Historical population

Year Pop. ±%
1959 16,334 —
1970 48,641 +197.8%
1979 73,402 +50.9%
1989 100,178 +36.5%
2002 105,706 +5.5%
2010 104,739 −0.9%
2021 125,376 +19.7%
Source: Census data

The city is located on the main rail line between Moscow and Kyiv and at the intersection of Kiev and Warsaw highways. Three international airports are within reach from Obninsk: Vnukovo (70 km), Domodedovo (100 km), and Sheremetyevo (130 km). Cargo airfield Yermolino is only 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) away.

Science and education

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View of the former Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant

Obninsk Meteorological tower is an official landmark of Obninsk

Obninsk is one of the major Russian science cities. In 2000, it was awarded the status of the First Science City of Russia. The city is home to twelve scientific research institutes. Their main activities are nuclear power engineering, nuclear methods and radiation technology, technology of non-metallic materials, medical radiology, meteorology and ecology and environmental protection.[10]

The first nuclear power plant in the world for the large-scale production of electricity opened here on June 27, 1954, and it also doubled as a training base for the crew of the Soviet Union's first nuclear submarine, the K-3 Leninsky Komsomol.

Obninsk is famous for its meteorological tower which was built to study spreading of radiation from the nuclear station.

The following institutes are located in the city:[11]

Situated in Obninsk are the plants of companies such as Kraftway (the largest manufacturer of personal computers in Russia), Rautaruukki, Lotte Confectionery, Hemofarm a.d.

The head of the city administration is Tatyana Leonova.

Public organizations

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Children's organizations

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There is a football club called Kvant.
There is a bandy club called Atom.[14]

Twin towns – sister cities

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Obninsk is twinned with:[15]

  1. ^ a b c d e Charter of Kaluga Oblast
  2. ^ a b c "General Information" (in Russian). Archived from the original on June 30, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
  3. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  4. ^ a b c Law #7-OZ
  5. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  6. ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  7. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  8. ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  9. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  10. ^ a b "Business Guide to the Kaluga Region of Russia" (PDF). Jyväskylä University of Applied Sciences. 2009.[_permanent dead link_]
  11. ^ "Research & Education". City of Obninsk. Archived from the original on April 24, 2009.
  12. ^ Sergei Korotkov. "Тесные контакты третьего рода" [Close contacts of the third kind].{{[cite web](/wiki/Template:Cite%5Fweb "Template:Cite web")}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) // Σ journal — 2012 — № 4.
  13. ^ "отряд "Легенда"". Archived from the original on November 1, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
  14. ^ "Official homepage". Archived from the original on January 6, 2014. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
  15. ^ "Города-побратимы". admobninsk.ru (in Russian). Obninsk. Retrieved February 4, 2020.