Patsho (original) (raw)

Village in Nagaland, India

Not to be confused with Pashto.

Village in Northeast India, India

Patsho
Village
From top (left to right):Patsho Village at night;Patsho North direction; Shiemong intersection;Patsho Hill
Motto: "Enfolding and exhibiting excellence"
PatshoLocation of Patsho in NagalandShow map of NagalandPatshoPatsho (India)Show map of India
Coordinates: 26°06′45″N 94°55′55″E / 26.11250°N 94.93194°E / 26.11250; 94.93194
Country	India
Region	Northeast India
State	Nagaland
District	Noklak district
Government
• Type	Autonomous council
• Body	Patsho Village Council
Area
• Total	20 km2 (7.7 sq mi)
Elevation	1,415 m (4,642 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total	2,117[1]
• Density	110/km2 (270/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Patsho Khiamniungan
• Major languages	Patsho Khiamniungan
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	798612
Telephone code	23200
Sex ratio	100 ♂/♀
Climate	Temperate (Köppen)
Website	www.noklak.nic.in -Village & Panchayats Name of Administrative Circle: Noklak PATHSO

Patsho, also spelled Pathso, is a village in the state of Nagaland within Northeast India. It is situated within the Indo-Burma region of Patkai range, towards the east of Mount Khülio-King.[2][3] The town is considered one of the biggest villages in the Noklak district.[4]

The etymology of the name "Patsho" is obscure, although it may mean "congregation of people."[_citation needed_] The Patsho people originate from the region of Khiamnyunga, from where a group of people moved towards west to occupy Lümuoking and subsequently inhibited the extant Patsho village.[5][6]

Slate house or Pou/Morung

During the British Raj, the Khiamniungans were referred to as kalyo Kenyu - Slate-House dwellers particularly in the works of anthropologists such as Christoph von Fürer-Haimendorf.[7]

Historical accounts note a notable hospitality extended toward certain foreigners in earlier periods, which subtly reflects aspects of the community's character.[8] In contrast, the people of Patsho, a Kalyo-Kengyu village, were once regarded as among the most formidable in warfare, with opponents from neighboring villages hesitating to attack or raid the settlement. They were adept in the use of poisoned arrows and mastered tactical engagements, where a single warrior or a pair could fiercely and effectively overcome larger groups of adversaries.[9] Unlike that past era, the community is now characterized by a consistently polite and courteous demeanor, actively demonstrating compassion by supporting the indigent and aiding the impecunious. This profound evolution has been significantly influenced by the advent of Christianity and the introduction of modern education, which progressively supplanted traditional vernacular systems. Presently, societal transformation continues to accelerate, further fueled by globalization and the dynamic exchange of knowledge across cultures.[10]

In the past, educational attainment remained out of reach for most villagers, hindered by a social framework that undervalued formal learning and by the immediacy of subsistence challenges. This paradigm shifted fundamentally with the advent of new academic institutions in the village.[10]

List of academic institutions in the village

[edit]

List of Private Schools

• Union Mission School - Established in 2017. – Class A-2[11]

List of Government Schools

• Government Primary School Pathso – Class A-4, Established in the year 1963.[12]
• Government High School – Class 5-10, Established in 1970.[13]

[14]

The Kalyo Kengyu villages, including Patsho, did not feature a system of hereditary chieftainship. Instead, their social organization operated on democratic principles, with leadership typically accorded to men who distinguished themselves through martial prowess or economic success. In the specific case of Patsho, however, a single hereditary role existed: a male figure within a designated clan who held exclusive responsibility for conducting magical and religious ceremonies.[8]

Present Administration

[edit]

Patsho forms part of Thonoknyu Assembly constituency #57 in the Nagaland Legislative Assembly.[15] Patsho neighbors Kingnyu to the east, Tshüvau and Lingnyu to the northeast, Yokau and Iekhau to the north, Patsho Nokking and Patsho Town to the south, Kingphu and New Sanglau Longding to the south west, Yakor to the north west and Shamator to the west.[16]

Local Administration

[edit]

"As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raj Act, Patsho village is administrated by Sarpanch (Head of Village) who is elected representative of village."[1][4]

Chairman

1. Buming
2. Chietei
3. Pushong - Incumbent

VDB secretary

1. Mukom
2. Sheying - Incumbent

Head Gaon Bura

1. Pingchang
2. Sheying
3. Chietei - Incumbent

Agriculture and animal husbandry form the economic foundation of the village. Cotton production remains a significant supplementary activity, enhancing annual household revenue.[17] Some of the key cultivated crops in the village include Paddy, Maize Millet, Beans of different kind, Chilies, Taro, Sweet potatoes.[18] This diversified agricultural base supports one of the most substantial economies within the Noklak district.[19]

Patsho functions as the principal cultural hub for the Khiamniungan community, renowned as a central repository and living showcase of its folklore, artistic traditions, heritage, and sartorial customs.[20][21]

Different types of wooden and bamboo products all made in Patsho village

Advancing gender equality by fostering inclusivity throughout every cultural sphere is a critical step toward building a thriving cultural landscape and a cohesive, peaceful society.[22]

The social structure is organized around two exogamous clans, known as Shiu and Lam, between which intermarriage traditionally occurs.[23] The community strictly adheres to monogamous marriages and notably does not practice the custom of bride-price.[8]

Furthermore, the skilled use of wordplay and puns constitutes a distinctive cultural tradition among the Khiamniungan people, particularly within the community of Patsho, dating to the village's foundation. Historically, this practice took the form of competitive exchanges between villages, contrasting with its contemporary function primarily as a mode of entertainment.[24]

Folkdance

Some cultural dance performed by the villagers.

[25]

Patsho village undergoes a sub-tropical climate with four distinct seasons: spring (Miuleih), summer (Asheu), autumn (Ochamju) and winter (A-uh).[26]

A view of Patsho at night

Patsho comes under the climate zone of Humid subtropical, dry winter(Köppen climate classification). The average mean temperature is around 25.05 °C (77.09 °F). It experience hottest on average in the month of June, when the day time temperature may reach up-to 29.34 °C (84.81 °F), and is coolest in January when the average low temperature may fall below 11.33 °C (52.39 °F).[27]Rainfall in the area varies from 150 to 250 cm. The bulk of rainfall is received between May and October.[28]

Agricultural practice

[edit]

The people predominantly follow Jhum cultivation and the major crops are maize, rice, yam, millet, Job's tears (adlay millet), beans, sweet potatoes, pulses and spices.[29]

[4]

Patsho Baptist Church service

Christianity is the only religion followed by the people[_dubious – discuss_] and the church has celebrated its 50th anniversary (Golden Jubilee) in 2015.[16]

[30]

As per 2011 Indian Census, the total population of the village is 2117, out of which 1060 are male and 1057 female.[4]

According to the 2011 Indian census, the literacy rate of this village is 54.87%. In Pathso Male literacy stands at 58.07% while female literacy rate was 51.60%.[4]

The nearest airport is Jorhat Airport in Assam located around 250 kilometres from the village. There is a helipad in Noklak, the distance from Patsho to Noklak is 37 km.[31]

The nearest railway stations are Amguri railway station and Jorhat Town railway station located around 206 kilometres and 243 kilometres from the village respectively.[_citation needed_]

The village is connected with roads. The Patsho Road passes through the district alongside other intra-district roads. The NH 202 and NH 702B are the nearest highways to the village. Both the highways pass through Tuensang.

1. ^ a b "Pathso Population - Tuensang, Nagaland-Population census". www.census2011.co.in. 21 January 2024.
2. ^ "Animal Health Camp and TSP inputs materials distribution programme at Patsho and Yokao village of Noklak district Nagaland-ICAR-National Research Centre". ICAR-National Research Centre on Mithun. 17 December 2023.
3. ^ "Pathso village march against menace of drug abuse - The Morung Express". morungexpress.com. 21 January 2024.
4. ^ a b c d e f Download DH_2011_1307_PART_B_DCHB_TUENSANG.pdf : Census of India 2011 Nagaland, Series-14, Part XII-B: District Census Handbook Tuensang, pp. 88-89
5. ^ "Origin of Khiamniungans, tracing the roots of people". Tuensang district, Government of Nagaland. 21 November 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
6. ^ "Culture & Heritage: Khiamniungan Nokthang". Noklak district, Government of Nagaland. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
7. ^ "The Nagas Hill Peoples of Northeast India: manuscript Christoph von Furer Haimendorf Naga diary three". University of Cambridge. Retrieved 23 December 2025.
8. ^ a b c _The Geographical Journal - "Through the unexplored mountain of Assam-Burma Border"Volume XCI No3-_pdf. 19 November 2024. p. 211.
9. ^ J H Hutton, ed. (2018). Diaries of Two Tours in the Unadministered Area East of The Naga Hills (Reprint Edition) - Anthropology and Sociology/Tribal Studies. Mittal Publications. p. 58. ISBN 9788183249171.
10. ^ a b "The World of the Khiamniungan Nagas on the Border of India & Myanmar -The News Lens". international.thenewslens.com. 23 March 2024.
11. ^ "Government of Nagaland School Education Department -Addedum Shemrokdimapur" (PDF). www.shemrockdimapur.in. 23 March 2024.
12. ^ "GPS PATHSO - School". schools.org.in. 23 March 2024.
13. ^ "PRSU visits govt schools, institutions; expresses dismay at weak functioning-Nagaland post". www.nagalandpost.com. 23 March 2024.
14. ^ "Education and road infrastructure on cards as Noklak nears voting -Nagaland tribune". www.nagalandtribune.in. 23 March 2024.
15. ^ "GENERAL ELECTION TO THE 13th NAGALAND LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY, 2018- ANNEXURE - 45 (Chapter XV, Para 15.27.9), FORM 20 (Final Result Sheet)". ceo.nagaland.gov.in. 17 December 2024.
16. ^ a b Students' Community.(1978-2020). Patsho Students' Union 50th anniversary : Souvenir, Theme: Embracing Excellence. publisher artworks.
17. ^ "Patsho village, where people still finds weaver and wearer= Eastern Mirror". easternmirrornagaland.com. 21 March 2024.
18. ^ "Oral History-"SPONSORED UNDER TRIDEPARTMENT OF ART AND CULTURE GOVERNMENT OF NAGALAND"" (PDF). www.google.com. 21 November 2024. p. 24.
19. ^ "Nagaland govt rewards best performing villages, farmers & SHGs - The Morung Express". morungexpress.com. 23 March 2024.
20. ^ "Patsho village in Noklak district breaks glass ceiling-Hornbilltv". www.hornbilltv.com. 21 March 2024.
21. ^ "The frontier district Noklak -CULTURE & HERITAGE KHIAMNIUNGAN NOKTHANG". noklak.nic.in. 21 January 2024.
22. ^ "Pathso village advocates women empowerment-The Morung Express". morungexpress.com. 19 November 2024.
23. ^ "Oral History-"SPONSORED UNDER TRIDEPARTMENT OF ART AND CULTURE GOVERNMENT OF NAGALAND"" (PDF). www.google.com. 21 November 2024. p. 27.
24. ^ "Yesterday's lifestyle today's identity Sanglau community celebrates culture and traditions-Nagaland Tribune". nagalandtribune.in. 21 January 2024.
25. ^ "Ministry of Tribal Affairs Traditional art forms". repository.tribal.gov.in. 19 November 2024.
26. ^ "Khiamniungan History-The Frontier District, Noklak". noklak.nic.in. 17 December 2023. Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
27. ^ "Compare Weather and Climate - weathersndclimate". weatherandclimate.com. 23 March 2024.
28. ^ "State level biodiversity strategy and action plan in Nagaland - NBSAP" (PDF). kalpavriksh.org. 21 November 2024.
29. ^ "Oral History-SPONSORED UNDER TRIDEPARTMENT OF ART AND CULTUREGOVERNMENT OF NAGALAND". repository.tribal.gov.in. 20 January 2024.
30. ^ Church record archive - Patsho Baptist Tuathih
31. ^ "Helicopter services resume at Noklak". DIPR Nagaland. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

• from Government of Nagaland School Education Department(Addedum Shemrokdimapur)
• THEA DIPR Monthly Magazine Warrior:Noklak DBDP meeting held. Page 53. PDF VOLUME-52. NO. 02 MAY 2023 (Nagaland state portal)