Paul Szameitat (original) (raw)
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German World War II fighter pilot
| Paul Szameitat | |
|---|---|
| Born | 19 December 1919Wolittnick, East Prussia |
| Died | 2 January 1944(1944-01-02) (aged 24)Bückeburg |
| Allegiance |  Nazi Germany |
| Branch | Luftwaffe |
| Years of service | ?–1944 |
| Rank | Hauptmann |
| Unit | NJG 3 |
| Commands | II./NJG 3I./NJG 3 |
| Battles / wars | World War II Defense of the Reich |
| Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |
Paul Szameitat (19 December 1919 – 2 January 1944) was a German Luftwaffe night fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Szameitat claimed 29 victories, 28 at night.[Note 1]
Night fighter career
[edit]
A map of part of the Kammhuber Line. The 'belt' and night fighter 'boxes' are shown.
Following the 1939 aerial Battle of the Heligoland Bight, RAF attacks shifted to the cover of darkness, initiating the Defence of the Reich campaign.[1] By mid-1940, Generalmajor (Brigadier General) Josef Kammhuber had established a night air defense system dubbed the Kammhuber Line. It consisted of a series of control sectors equipped with radars and searchlights and an associated night fighter. Each sector named a Himmelbett (canopy bed) would direct the night fighter into visual range with target bombers. In 1941, the Luftwaffe started equipping night fighters with airborne radar such as the Lichtenstein radar. This airborne radar did not come into general use until early 1942.[2]
On 18 October 1943, Szameitat was shot down in his Dornier Do 217 N-1 night fighter by the defensive gunfire of an Avro Lancaster bomber from No. 101 Squadron. Hit in both engines, he and his crew bailed out near Barsinghausen.[3]
On 14 December 1943, Szameitat was appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of I. Gruppe (1st group) of Nachtjagdgeschwader 3 (NJG 3—3rd Night Fighter Wing), replacing Hauptmann Walter Mylius.[4]
Aerial victory claims
[edit]
According to Spick, Szameitat was credited with 29 aerial victories, including one heavy bomber during a daytime mission, claimed in an unknown number combat missions.[5] Obermaier also lists him with 29 aerial victories claimed in an unknown number combat missions.[6] Foreman, Parry and Mathews, authors of Luftwaffe Night Fighter Claims 1939 – 1945, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 29 victory claims.[7] Mathews and Foreman also published Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, listing Szameitat with 25 claims, plus two further unconfirmed claims.[8]
- Flugzeugführerabzeichen
- Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe
- Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st Class
- Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 5 June 1943 as Oberleutnant and pilot[34]
- German Cross in Gold on 12 December 1943 as Hauptmann in the 5./Nachtjagdgeschwader 3[35]
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 6 April 1944 as Hauptmann and Gruppenkommandeur of the I./Nachtjagdgeschwader 3[36][1]
^ For a list of Luftwaffe night fighter aces see List of German World War II night fighter aces.
^ a b According to Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims this claim is unconfirmed.[8]
^ a b This claim is not listed in Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims.[9]
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 9.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 27.
^ Aders 1978, p. 228.
^ Spick 1996, p. 246.
^ Obermaier 1989, p. 213.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, pp. 35–134.
^ a b c Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1299–1300.
^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1299.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 35.
^ a b Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 39.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 48.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 49.
^ a b c Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 65.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 72.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 73.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 77.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 92.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 106.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 115.
^ a b Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 120.
^ a b Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 123.
^ a b c Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 130.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 131.
^ a b c d Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 132.
^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1300.
^ a b Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 134.
^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 135.
^ Patzwall 2008, p. 202.
^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 469.
^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 418.
^ Scherzer 2007, p. 736.
Aders, Gebhard (1978). History of the German Night Fighter Force, 1917–1945. London: Janes. ISBN 978-0-354-01247-8.
Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer [in German] (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [_The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches_] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
Foreman, John; Parry, Simon; Mathews, Johannes (2004). Luftwaffe Night Fighter Claims 1939–1945. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-0-9538061-4-0.
Goss, Chris (2021). Dornier Do 217 Units of World War 2. Combat Aircraft. Vol. 139. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-4617-4.
Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-21-9.
Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [_The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945_] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [_The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2_] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [_The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War_] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [_The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives_] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces. New York: Ivy Books. ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
Accident description for Halifax BB336 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 24 July 2023.
Accident description for Halifax HR654 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 21 July 2023.
Accident description for Lancaster ED733 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 25 July 2023.
Accident description for Lancaster W4276 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 25 July 2023.
Accident description for Stirling BF579 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 24 July 2023.
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byMajor Heinrich Prinz zu Sayn-Wittgenstein | Gruppenkommandeur of II. Nachtjagdgeschwader 3 December 1943 – 14 December 1943 | Succeeded byMajor Klaus Havenstein |
| Preceded byHauptmann Walter Mylius | Gruppenkommandeur of I. Nachtjagdgeschwader 3 14 December 1943 – 2 January 1944 | Succeeded byMajor Werner Husemann |