Radeon HD 4000 series (original) (raw)

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Series of video cards

ATI Radeon HD 4000 series

The Radeon R700 is the engineering codename for a graphics processing unit series developed by Advanced Micro Devices under the ATI brand name. The foundation chip, codenamed RV770, was announced and demonstrated on June 16, 2008 as part of the FireStream 9250 and Cinema 2.0 initiative launch media event,[5] with official release of the Radeon HD 4800 series on June 25, 2008. Other variants include enthusiast-oriented RV790, mainstream product RV730, RV740 and entry-level RV710.

Its direct competition was nVidia's GeForce 200 series, which launched in the same month.

This article is about all products under the brand "Radeon HD 4000 Series". All products implement TeraScale 1 microarchitecture.

The RV770 extends the R600's unified shader architecture by increasing the stream processing unit count to 800 units (up from 320 units in the R600), which are grouped into 10 SIMD cores composed of 16 shader cores containing 4 FP MADD/DP ALUs and 1 MADD/transcendental ALU. The RV770 retains the R600's 4 Quad ROP cluster count, however, they are faster and now have dedicated hardware-based AA resolve in addition to the shader-based resolve of the R600 architecture. The RV770 also has 10 texture units, each of which can handle 4 addresses, 16 FP32 samples, and 4 FP32 filtering functions per clock cycle.[6]

Memory and internal buses

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RV770 features a 256-bit memory controller and is the first GPU to support GDDR5 memory, which runs at 900 MHz giving an effective transfer rate of 3.6 GHz and memory bandwidth of up to 115 GB/s. The internal ring bus from the R520 and R600 has been replaced by the combination of a crossbar and an internal hub.[7]

The SIP block UVD 2.0-2.2 implemented on the dies of all Radeon HD 4000 Series Desktop gpus, 48xx series is using uvd 2.0, 47xx-46xx-45xx-43xx series is using uvd 2.2.

Support is available for Microsoft Windows at release, for Linux with Catalyst 8.10. The free and open-source driver requires Linux kernel 3.10 in combination with Mesa 9.1 (exposed via the widely adopted VDPAU)[8]), offering full hardware MPEG-2, H.264/MPEG-4 AVC and VC-1 decoding and the support for dual video streams, the Advanced Video Processor (AVP) also saw an upgrade with DVD upscaling capability and dynamic contrast feature. The RV770 series GPU also supports xvYCC color space output and 7.1 surround sound output (LPCM, AC3, DTS) over HDMI. The RV770 GPU also supports an Accelerated Video Transcoding (AVT) feature, which has video transcoding functions being assisted by the GPU, through stream processing.

GPU interconnect enhancements

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R700 inter-GPU communications architecture

This generation of dual-GPU design retains the use of a PCI Express bridge, PLX PEX 8647 with a power dissipation of 3.8 watts inclusive of PCI Express 2.0 support, allowing two GPUs on the same PCI Express slot with doubled bandwidth over the past generation of product (Radeon HD 3870 X2). Subsequent generations of dual-GPU design also feature an interconnect for inter-GPU communications through the implementation of a CrossFire X SidePort on each GPU, giving extra 5 GB/s full-duplex inter-GPU bandwidth. These two features increase total bandwidth for dual-GPU designs to 21.8 GB/s.

OpenCL accelerates many scientific Software Packages against CPU up to factor 10 or 100 and more. Open CL 1.0 to 1.1 are supported for all Chips with RV7xx.[9]

The Radeon HD 4850 was announced on June 19, 2008 while the Radeon HD 4870 was announced on June 25, 2008. They are both based on the RV770 GPU, packing 956 million transistors and being produced on a 55 nm process. The Radeon HD 4850 currently uses GDDR3 memory, while the Radeon HD 4870 uses GDDR5 memory.

Another variant, the Radeon HD 4830 was updated on October 23, 2008, featuring the RV770 LE GPU with a 256-bit GDDR3 memory interface, and 640 shader processors. Basically the RV770 LE is a RV770 with some functional units disabled.

Dual GPU products using two RV770 GPUs, codenamed R700, were also announced. One product named Radeon HD 4870 X2, featuring 2×1GB GDDR5 memory, was released on August 12, 2008, while another dual-GPU product, the Radeon HD 4850 X2, with GDDR3 memory and lower clock speeds, is also available.

A minor update was introduced on April 2, 2009 with the launch of Radeon HD 4890 graphics cards based on the RV790 GPU. Featuring an improved design with decoupling capacitors to reduce signal noise,[10] altered ASIC power distribution and re-timed the whole GPU chip, which resulted in a slight increase in die size but overall much better stability at high clock rates and a higher default clock. On August 18, 2009, AMD released a stripped down variant of the RV790 GPU called the RV790GT that is used by the Radeon HD 4860 which is now available in all markets.

ATI Radeon HD 4770

The Radeon HD 4700 series was announced on April 28, 2009. The Radeon HD 4770, is based on the RV740 GPU, packs 826 million transistors and being produced on the latest 40 nm process. The Radeon HD 4730 was introduced June 8, 2009, unlike the RV740 based Radeon HD 4770, the 4730 is a stripped down 55 nm RV770 GPU, named the RV770CE. The 4730 packs 956 million transistors, and uses GDDR5 memory on a 128-bit bus. On September 9, 2009, the RV740PRO based Radeon HD 4750 was released exclusively to the Chinese market. The Radeon HD 4750 is based on the 40 nm RV740 of the Radeon HD 4770 but features a lower clock speed and the absence of a six-pin auxiliary power input.

The Radeon HD 4600 series was announced on September 10, 2008. All variants are based on the RV730 GPU, packing 514 million transistors and being produced on a 55 nm process. The PCIe version 4600 series products do not require external power connectors.[11][12][13][14] More recently, an AGP version of the 4670 has been released. This does require an external power connector. As of March 2018, this elusive AGP card remains among the last cards using the aging bus.

Radeon HD 4300/HD 4500

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ATI Radeon HD 4550

The Radeon HD 4350 and Radeon HD 4550 were announced on September 30, 2008, both based on the RV710 GPU, packing 242 million transistors and being produced on a 55 nm process. Both products use either GDDR3, DDR3 or DDR2 video memory. AMD states these two products have maximum of 20 W and 25 W of power consumption under full load, respectively.[15]

| Model4 | Launch | Code name | Fab (nm) | Transistors (million) | Die size (mm2) | Bus interface | Clock rate | Core config1 | Fillrate | Memory2 | Processing power(GFLOPS) | TDP3 (Watts) | Crossfire support | API support (version) | Release Price (USD) | | | | | | | | | | | ----------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | | --- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---- | --- | -------- | -------- | | Core (MHz) | Memory (MHz) | Pixel (GP/s) | Texture (GT/s) | Size (MB) | Bandwidth (GB/s) | Bus type | Bus width (bit) | Single precision | Double precision | Idle | Max. | Direct3D | OpenGL | OpenCL | | | | | | | | | | | | Radeon HD 4350 | Sep 30, 2008 | RV710 | 55 | 242 | 73 | PCIe 2.0 ×16PCIe 2.0 ×1AGP 8× | 600 | 400650 | 80:8:4 | 2.40 | 4.80 | 2565121024 | 6.4010.4 | DDR2DDR3 | 64 | 92.0 | No | | 20 | No | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | Radeon HD 4550 | Sep 30, 2008 | RV710 | 55 | 242 | 73 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 600600 | 655800 | 80:8:4 | 2.40 | 4.80 | 2565121024 | 10.512.8 | DDR2GDDR3 | 64 | 96.0 | No | | 25 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | | Radeon HD 4570 | Nov 25, 2008 | RV710 | 55 | 242 | 73 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 650 | 500 | 80:8:4 | 2.60 | 5.20 | 1024 | 8.00 | DDR2 | 64 | 104.0 | No | | 25 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | | Radeon HD 4580 | Nov 20, 2011 | RV635 PRO | 55 | 378 | 135 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 796 | 693 | 120:8:4 | 3.18 | 6.37 | 512 | 22.2 | GDDR3 | 128 | 191.0 | No | | 65 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | | Radeon HD 4650 | Sep 10, 2008 | RV730 PRO | 55 | 514 | 146 | PCIe 2.0 ×16AGP 8× | 600650 | 400 - 500500700 | 320:32:8 | 4.805.20 | 19.220.8 | 2565121024 | 12.8 - 16.016.022.4 | DDR2GDDR3GDDR4 | 64128 | 384.0416.0 | No | | 48 | 2-Way Crossfire | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | Radeon HD 4670 | Sep 10, 2008 | RV730 XT | 55 | 514 | 146 | PCIe 2.0 ×16AGP 8× | 750750 | 400 - 5009001000 | 320:32:8 | 6.00 | 24.0 | 5121024 | 12.8 - 16.028.832.0 | DDR2GDDR3GDDR4 | 128 | 480.0 | No | | 59 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 79 | | | Radeon HD 4730 | Jun 8, 2009 | RV770 CE | 55 | 956 | 256 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 700750 | 900900 | 640:32:8 | 5.606.00 | 22.424.0 | 512 | 57.6 | GDDR5 | 128 | 896.0960.0 | 179.2192.0 | | 110 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | | Radeon HD 4750 | Sep 9, 2009 | RV740 | 40 | 826 | 137 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 730 | 800 | 640:32:16 | 11.7 | 23.4 | 512 | 51.2 | GDDR5 | 128 | 934.4 | | | 80 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | | Radeon HD 4770 | Apr 28, 2009 | RV740 | 40 | 826 | 137 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 750 | 800 | 640:32:16 | 12.0 | 24.0 | 512 | 51.2 | GDDR5 | 128 | 960.0 | 192.0 | | 80 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 109 | | | Radeon HD 4810 | May 28, 2009 | RV770 CE | 55 | 956 | 256 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 625750 | 900900 | 640:32:8 | 5.006.00 | 20.024.0 | 512 | 57.6 | GDDR5 | 128 | 800.0960.0 | 160.0192.0 | | 95 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | | Radeon HD 4830 | Oct 21, 2008 | RV770 LE | 55 | 956 | 256 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 575 | 900 | 640:32:16 | 9.20 | 18.4 | 5121024 | 57.6 | GDDR3GDDR4 | 256 | 736.0 | 147.2 | | 95 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | $130 | | | Radeon HD 4850 | Jun 25, 2008 | RV770 PRO | 55 | 956 | 256 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 625 | 993 | 800:40:16 | 10.0 | 25.0 | 51210242048 | 63.55 | GDDR3GDDR4GDDR5 | 256 | 1000 | 200.0 | | 110 | 4-Way Crossfire | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 199(149) | | Radeon HD 4860 | Sep 9, 2009 | RV790 GT | 55 | 959 | 282 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 700 | 750 | 640:32:16 | 11.2 | 22.4 | 5121024 | 96 | GDDR5 | 256 | 896.0 | 179.2 | | 130 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | ? | | | Radeon HD 4870 | Jun 25, 2008 | RV770 XT | 55 | 956 | 256 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 750 | 900 | 800:40:16 | 12.0 | 30.0 | 51210242048 | 115.2 | GDDR5 | 256 | 1200 | 240.0 | | 150 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 299(225) | | | Radeon HD 4890 | Apr 2, 2009 | RV790 XT | 55 | 959 | 282 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 850 | 975 | 800:40:16 | 13.6 | 34.0 | 10242048 | 124.8 | GDDR5 | 256 | 1360 | 272.0 | | 190 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 249 | | | Radeon HD 4850 X2 | Nov 7, 2008 | R700 (2xRV770 PRO) | 55 | 956×2 | 256×2 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 625 | 995 | 800:40:16×2 | 10.0×2 | 25.0×2 | 512×21024×2 | 63.7×2 | GDDR3 | 256x2 | 2000 | 400.0 | | 250 | 2-Way Crossfire | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 339 | | Radeon HD 4870 X2 | Aug 12, 2008 | R700 (2xRV770 XT) | 55 | 956×2 | 256×2 | PCIe 2.0 ×16 | 750 | 900 | 800:40:16×2 | 12×2 | 30×2 | 1024×2 | 115.2×2 | GDDR5 | 256x2 | 2400 | 480.0 | | 286 | 10.1 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 449 | | | Model4 | Launch | Code name | Fab (nm) | Transistors (million) | Die size (mm2) | Bus interface | Clock rate | Core config1 | Fillrate | Memory2 | Processing power(GFLOPS) | TDP3 (Watts) | Crossfire Support | API support (version) | Release Price (USD) | | | | | | | | | | | Core (MHz) | Memory (MHz) | Pixel (GP/s) | Texture (GT/s) | Size (MB) | Bandwidth (GB/s) | Bus type | Bus width (bit) | Single precision | Double precision | Idle | Max. | Direct3D | OpenGL | OpenCL | | | | | | | | | | |

1 Unified shaders : Texture mapping units : Render output units
2 The effective data transfer rate of GDDR5 is quadruple its nominal clock, instead of double as it is with other DDR memory.
3 The TDP is reference design TDP values from AMD. Different non-reference board designs from vendors may lead to slight variations in actual TDP.
4 All models feature UVD2 & PowerPlay.

• All Radeon HD 4000 IGP models include Direct3D 10.1 and OpenGL 2.0[16]

1 Unified shaders : Texture mapping units : Render output units
2 The clock frequencies may vary in different usage scenarios, as ATI PowerPlay technology is implemented. The clock frequencies listed here refer to the officially announced clock specifications.
3 The sideport is a dedicated memory bus. It preferably used for frame buffer.

Radeon Feature Matrix

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The following table shows features of AMD/ATI's GPUs (see also: List of AMD graphics processing units).

Name of GPU series	Wonder	Mach	3D Rage	Rage Pro	Rage 128	R100	R200	R300	R400	R500	R600	RV670	R700	Evergreen	Northern Islands	Southern Islands	Sea Islands	Volcanic Islands	Arctic Islands/Polaris	Vega	Navi 1x	Navi 2x	Navi 3x
Released	1986	1991	Apr1996	Mar1997	Aug1998	Apr2000	Aug2001	Sep2002	May2004	Oct2005	May2007	Nov2007	Jun2008	Sep2009	Oct2010	Jan2012	Sep2013	Jun2015	Jun 2016, Apr 2017, Aug 2019	Jun 2017, Feb 2019	Jul2019	Nov2020	Dec2022
Marketing Name	Wonder	Mach	3DRage	RagePro	Rage128	Radeon7000	Radeon8000	Radeon9000	RadeonX700/X800	RadeonX1000	RadeonHD 2000	RadeonHD 3000	RadeonHD 4000	RadeonHD 5000	RadeonHD 6000	RadeonHD 7000	Radeon200	Radeon300	Radeon400/500/600	RadeonRX Vega, Radeon VII	RadeonRX 5000	RadeonRX 6000	RadeonRX 7000
AMD support
Kind	2D	3D
Instruction set architecture	Not publicly known	TeraScale instruction set	GCN instruction set	RDNA instruction set
Microarchitecture	TeraScale 1 (VLIW)	TeraScale 2 (VLIW5)	TeraScale 2 (VLIW5) up to 68xx TeraScale 3 (VLIW4) in 69xx [17][18]	GCN 1st gen	GCN 2nd gen	GCN 3rd gen	GCN 4th gen	GCN 5th gen	RDNA	RDNA 2	RDNA 3
Type	Fixed pipeline[a]	Programmable pixel & vertex pipelines	Unified shader model
Direct3D	—	5.0	6.0	7.0	8.1	9.011 (9_2)	9.0b11 (9_2)	9.0c11 (9_3)	10.011 (10_0)	10.111 (10_1)	11 (11_0)	11 (11_1)12 (11_1)	11 (12_0)12 (12_0)	11 (12_1)12 (12_1)	11 (12_1)12 (12_2)
Shader model	—	1.4	2.0+	2.0b	3.0	4.0	4.1	5.0	5.1	5.16.5	6.7
OpenGL	—	1.1	1.2	1.3	2.1[b][19]	3.3	4.5[20][21][22][c]	4.6
Vulkan	—	1.0	1.2	1.3
OpenCL	—	Close to Metal	1.1 (not supported by Mesa)	1.2+ (on Linux: 1.1+ (no Image support on clover, with by rustiCL) with Mesa, 1.2+ on GCN 1.Gen)	2.0+ (Adrenalin driver on Win7+)(on Linux ROCM, Mesa 1.2+ (no Image support in clover, but in rustiCL with Mesa, 2.0+ and 3.0 with AMD drivers or AMD ROCm), 5th gen: 2.2 win 10+ and Linux RocM 5.0+	2.2+ and 3.0 windows 8.1+ and Linux ROCM 5.0+ (Mesa rustiCL 1.2+ and 3.0 (2.1+ and 2.2+ wip))[23][24][25]
HSA / ROCm	—		?
Video decoding ASIC	—	Avivo/UVD	UVD+	UVD 2	UVD 2.2	UVD 3	UVD 4	UVD 4.2	UVD 5.0 or 6.0	UVD 6.3	UVD 7 [26][d]	VCN 2.0 [26][d]	VCN 3.0 [27]	VCN 4.0
Video encoding ASIC	—	VCE 1.0	VCE 2.0	VCE 3.0 or 3.1	VCE 3.4	VCE 4.0 [26][d]
Fluid Motion [e]				?
Power saving	?	PowerPlay	PowerTune	PowerTune & ZeroCore Power	?
TrueAudio	—	Via dedicated DSP	Via shaders
FreeSync	—	12
HDCP[f]	?	1.4	2.2	2.3 [28]
PlayReady[f]	—	3.0		3.0
Supported displays[g]						1–2	2	2–6	?
Max. resolution	?	2–6 ×2560×1600	2–6 ×4096×2160 @ 30 Hz	2–6 ×5120×2880 @ 60 Hz	3 ×7680×4320 @ 60 Hz [29]	7680×4320 @ 60 Hz PowerColor	7680x4320@165 HZ
/drm/radeon[h]							—
/drm/amdgpu[h]	—	Experimental [30]	Optional [31]

1. ^ The Radeon 100 Series has programmable pixel shaders, but do not fully comply with DirectX 8 or Pixel Shader 1.0. See article on R100's pixel shaders.
2. ^ R300, R400 and R500 based cards do not fully comply with OpenGL 2+ as the hardware does not support all types of non-power of two (NPOT) textures.
3. ^ OpenGL 4+ compliance requires supporting FP64 shaders and these are emulated on some TeraScale chips using 32-bit hardware.
4. ^ a b c The UVD and VCE were replaced by the Video Core Next (VCN) ASIC in the Raven Ridge APU implementation of Vega.
5. ^ Video processing for video frame rate interpolation technique. In Windows it works as a DirectShow filter in your player. In Linux, there is no support on the part of drivers and / or community.
6. ^ a b To play protected video content, it also requires card, operating system, driver, and application support. A compatible HDCP display is also needed for this. HDCP is mandatory for the output of certain audio formats, placing additional constraints on the multimedia setup.
7. ^ More displays may be supported with native DisplayPort connections, or splitting the maximum resolution between multiple monitors with active converters.
8. ^ a b DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) is a component of the Linux kernel. AMDgpu is the Linux kernel module. Support in this table refers to the most current version.

Graphics device drivers

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AMD's proprietary graphics device driver "Catalyst"

[[edit](/w/index.php?title=Radeon%5FHD%5F4000%5Fseries&action=edit&section=18 "Edit section: AMD's proprietary graphics device driver "Catalyst"")]

AMD Catalyst is being developed for Microsoft Windows and Linux. As of July 2014, other operating systems are not officially supported. This may be different for the AMD FirePro brand, which is based on identical hardware but features OpenGL-certified graphics device drivers.

AMD Catalyst supports all features advertised for the Radeon brand.

The Radeon HD 4000 series has been transitioned to legacy support, where drivers will be updated only to fix bugs instead of being optimized for new applications.[32]

Free and open-source graphics device driver "Radeon"

[[edit](/w/index.php?title=Radeon%5FHD%5F4000%5Fseries&action=edit&section=19 "Edit section: Free and open-source graphics device driver "Radeon"")]

The free and open-source drivers are primarily developed on Linux and for Linux, but have been ported to other operating systems as well. Each driver is composed out of five parts:

1. Linux kernel component DRM
2. Linux kernel component KMS driver: basically the device driver for the display controller
3. user-space component libDRM
4. user-space component in Mesa 3D
5. a special and distinct 2D graphics device driver for X.Org Server, which is finally about to be replaced by Glamor

The free and open-source "Radeon" graphics driver supports most of the features implemented into the Radeon line of GPUs.[33]

The free and open-source "Radeon" graphics device drivers are not reverse engineered, but based on documentation released by AMD.[34]

• AMD FirePro
• AMD FireMV
• AMD FireStream
• List of AMD graphics processing units

1. ^ "AMD Catalyst 12.1 Treiber Download für AMD Radeon AGP Produktserie: AMD Radeon HD 4xxx, AMD Radeon HD 3xxx und AMD Radeon HD 2xxx". AMD. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
2. ^ "Mesamatrix". mesamatrix.net. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
3. ^ "RadeonFeature". X.Org Foundation. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
4. ^ "Driver Support for AMD Radeon HD 4000, HD 3000, HD 2000 and older Series". AMD. Retrieved 2018-04-21.
5. ^ AMD Stream Processor First to Break 1 Teraflop Barrier and AMD Demonstrates the Cinema 2.0 Experience
6. ^ bit-tech.net - RV770: ATI Radeon HD 4850 & 4870 analysis | RV770 Graphics Architecture
7. ^ Anand Lal Shimpi & Derek Wilson (June 25, 2008). "The Radeon HD 4870 & 4850: AMD Wins at 199and199 and 199and299". AnandTech.
8. ^ Phoronix: AMD Releases Open-Source UVD Video Support
9. ^ "The Khronos Group". 4 June 2022.
10. ^ Jansen Ng (April 2, 2009). "ATI Launches Radeon HD 4890; Over 50,000 Already Shipped". DailyTech.
11. ^ Advanced Micro Devices - AMD Introduces the ATI Radeon HD 4600 Series Graphics Cards for the Masses, Delivering Up To Double the Game Performance of the Competition at the Same Price
12. ^ Advanced Micro Devices - ATI Radeon HD 4600 Series – Overview Archived 2009-03-18 at the Wayback Machine
13. ^ Softpedia - MSI Updates Radeon HD 4600 Series with HDMI Support
14. ^ tom's hardware - Radeon HD 4600
15. ^ Radeon HD 4350 Graphics Technology - Overview Archived 2008-10-03 at the Wayback Machine and Radeon HD 4550 Graphics Technology - Overview Archived 2008-10-03 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved October 3, 2008
16. ^ "AMD RS880 Databook" (PDF).
17. ^ "AMD Radeon HD 6900 (AMD Cayman) series graphics cards". HWlab. hw-lab.com. December 19, 2010. Archived from the original on August 23, 2022. Retrieved August 23, 2022. New VLIW4 architecture of stream processors allowed to save area of each SIMD by 10%, while performing the same compared to previous VLIW5 architecture
18. ^ "GPU Specs Database". TechPowerUp. Retrieved August 23, 2022.
19. ^ "NPOT Texture (OpenGL Wiki)". Khronos Group. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
20. ^ "AMD Radeon Software Crimson Edition Beta". AMD. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
21. ^ "Mesamatrix". mesamatrix.net. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
22. ^ "RadeonFeature". X.Org Foundation. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
23. ^ "AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT Specs". TechPowerUp. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
24. ^ "AMD Launches The Radeon PRO W7500/W7600 RDNA3 GPUs". Phoronix. 3 August 2023. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
25. ^ "AMD Radeon Pro 5600M Grafikkarte". TopCPU.net (in German). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
26. ^ a b c Killian, Zak (March 22, 2017). "AMD publishes patches for Vega support on Linux". Tech Report. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
27. ^ Larabel, Michael (September 15, 2020). "AMD Radeon Navi 2 / VCN 3.0 Supports AV1 Video Decoding". Phoronix. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
28. ^ Edmonds, Rich (February 4, 2022). "ASUS Dual RX 6600 GPU review: Rock-solid 1080p gaming with impressive thermals". Windows Central. Retrieved November 1, 2022.
29. ^ "Radeon's next-generation Vega architecture" (PDF). Radeon Technologies Group (AMD). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 6, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
30. ^ Larabel, Michael (December 7, 2016). "The Best Features of the Linux 4.9 Kernel". Phoronix. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
31. ^ "AMDGPU". Retrieved December 29, 2023.
32. ^ http://support.amd.com/en-us/download/desktop/legacy?product=legacy2&os=Windows%207%20-%2064
33. ^ "RadeonFeature". Xorg.freedesktop.org. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
34. ^ "AMD Developer Guides". Archived from the original on 2013-07-16.

• ATI Radeon HD 4000 Series: Desktop, Mobile
• techPowerUp! GPU Database