Colonial Occupations (original) (raw)

| | COLONIAL OCCUPATIONS Our early American colonists did not have quite the same employment opportunities as we do today. There were no TV producers, car salesmen, rocket scientists, and certainly no computer programmers. The first emigrants to America had occupations concerned primarily with simple, basic survival in the New World. They were, for the most part, skilled laborers, who could make things most of us now only dabble in as hobbies. Some occupational names were self-explanatory such as a blacksmith, locksmith, and gunsmith. Of course there were also occupations with names that are recognizable today - coroner, bookkeeper, barber, cabinet-maker, weaver, baker, brick-layer, accountant, printer and musician. Other occupations included: |A| | B| | C| | D| | E| | F| | G| | H| | I| | JK| | L||M| | N| | O| | P| | QR| | S| | T| | UV| | W| | XYZ| ACATER: supplied food provisions, such as a ships chandler ACCIPITRARY a falconer or keeper and tamer of hawksACCOMPANT: an accountantACCOUCHEUR / ACCOUCHEUS: one who assisted women in childbirth ACCOUTREMENT MAKER / ACCOUTRE: a supplier of military accessoriesACRE-MAN / ACKERMAN: a man who ploughed or cultivated the landACTUARY: a statistician who computed insurance risks and premiumsAGENT: a person who acted on behalf of a company or another personAGRICULTURIST: a person involved with land cultivation or animal husbandryALABASTERER: one who worked with alabaster ALCHEMIST: a medieval chemist who claimed to be able to turn base metals into goldALE DRAPER: [obsolete] an ale-house keeperALE TASTER: an English officer appointed in every court leet, and sworn to inspect ale beer, and bread, and examine the quality and quantity within his precintsALE TUNNER: a person employed by the brewery to fill ale casks called "tuns" with aleALEWIFE a woman who kept an alehouse or tavern ALL SPICE: grocerALMONER: an officer who distributed charity or alms; by ancient law every monastery was to disperse a tenth of its income in alms to the poor, and all bishops were obliged to keep an almonerALMSMAN: a person supported by charity or one who lived on almsALNAGER: official who examined the quality of woolen goods and stamped them with the town seal of approval AMANUENSIS: one who is employed to take dictation or to copy manuscriptAMBER CUTTER: a person who cut ambergrisANCHOR SMITH: one who made anchorsANCHORESS: a female hermit or religious recluseANCHORITE: a person who has retired into seclusion for religious reasonsANKLE BEATER: a young person who helped to drive the cattle to marketANNATTO MAKER: a person who worked in the manufacture of dyes for paint or printingANTIGROPELOS MAKER: a person who made waterproof leggingsANVIL SMITH: a person who made anvils and hammers for blacksmithsAPIARIANA: beekeeperAPOTHECARY: a druggistAPPRENTICE: one who was bound to a skilled worker for a specified time to learn a tradeAPRONMAN: [obsolete] a laboring man; a mechanicAQUAVITA SELLER: liquor sellerARBITER: a witness or judgeARCHER: a person skilled in using a bow and arrowARCHIATOR: a physicianARCHIVIST: one who kept historical recordsARGOLET: a mounted bowmanARKWRIGHT: a skilled craftsman who produced "arks" (wooden chests or coffers)ARMIGER: one entitled to bear arms, such as knight or esquireARMOURER: one who made suits of armour or plates of armour for buildings or shipsARPENTEUR: a land-surveyorARTIFICER: a blacksmith; one who made fuses, grenades, shells, etc.ARTISAN: a skilled tradesman ASHMAN: a dustmanASSAY MASTER: a person who determined the amount of gold or silver to go in coinsASSAYER: one who examined characteristics (weight, measure or quality) to determine a valueAUGER MAKER: one who made the carpenters augers for boring holes in woodAULNAGER: See Alnager AURIFABER / AURIFEX: a goldsmithAVENATOR: a hay and forage merchant AVOWRY: term for the lord of the manorAXLE TREE MAKER / AXLE TREE TURNER: one who made axles for coaches and waggonsReturn to Top of PageBACKMAKER: a person who made "backs", vats, tubs, a CooperBACKSTER: [obsolete] originally, a female baker; later, a baker of either sexBACK'US BOY: kitchen servantBADGER: a licensed pauper who wore a badge with the letter "P" on it and could only work in a defined area; a corn miller or dealer; an itinerant food traderBADGY FIDDLER: a boy trumpeter in the militaryBAGMAN: a travelling salesman; one who showed samples and solicits order for a manufacturerBAGNIOKEEPER: a person in charge of a bath house or brothelBAILIFF: [1] a court attendant entrusted with duties such as the maintenance of order in a courtroom during a trial; [2] an official who assisted a British sheriff and who had the power to execute writs, processes, and arrests; [3] (chiefly British) an overseer of an estate; a stewardBALISTER: [obsolete] a cross-bowmanBAIRMAN / BAREMAN: pauper, beggarBALANCER: a person employed in the coal mines to operate the "balance" which is a slope with a pulley at the top where empty coal tubs pulled full tubs up the slopeBALER: one who bales of hayBALLAD MONGER: one who sold printed ballads on the streetBALLAST HEAVER: a person who loaded ballast into the hold of empty shipsBALLER UP: a person who assisted the potter by measuring out the balls of clayBAND FILER: a metal worker in the gun making industryBANDSTER: [obsolete] one who bound sheaves after reapers during a harvestBANG BEGGAR: [slang] a constable who carried a strong staffBANKER: a person who dug trenches and ditches to allow drainage of the land, placing the surplus earth in banks around the edgeBANKS MAN: [1] an overseer at a coal mine; [2] a bank managerBANQUETER: a broker or bankerBARBER-CHIRURGEON - a person who practiced surgery and was a barber; in the 18th century an Act was passed that limited Barbers to hair-cutting, shaving, dentistry and blood lettingBARD: a poet or minstralBARGEMAN: one who worked on or owned and operated a bargeBARKEEPER: a tollkeeperBARKER: [obsolete] a tannerBARKMAN: a bargemanBARM BREWER: a person who made yeastBARREL FILER: a person employed in the gun manufacturing industryBARTONER / BARTON: a person in charge of the monastic farm, also known as a bartonBASIL WORKER: a person who worked with sheep and goat skinsBASKETMAN: person who made baskets and furniture from wicker; one employed to empty the basket of coal being offloaded from the colliers into the bargesBATHING MACHINE PROPRIETOR: one who owned and hired the changing huts used at the seaside in the 18th and 19th centuries by bathersBATMAN: an officer's servant in the armyBATTLEDORE MAKER: a person who made the beaters used on clothes, carpets, etc. to remove the dustBAWD: a procurer or procuress for a house of prostitutionBAXTER: [obsolete] a bakerBAYWEAVER: one who wove bay, a fine woollen fabric also known as baize BEADLE: a town crier or warrant officer; a lowly parish officer appointed to keep order in church, punish petty offenders, and act as a servant or messenger of the parishBEAMSTER: the man who worked at the beam in a tanneryBEAVER: one who made felt used in hat makingBEDMAN: a sextonBEDDER: [1] an upholsterer; [2] one who took care of the breeding or birthing of cattle; [3] a bed-makerBEDWEAVER: a person who made the webbing for bed frames, also a person who wove quiltsBEESKEPMAKER: beehive makerBEEKEEPER / BEEMASTER: a person who raised and kept bees for their honeyBELL FOUNDER: one who made bellsBELL HANGER: the person who installed bells in churchesBELLMAN: a town crier employed to make public announcements in the streetsBELL RINGER: one in charge of ringing the town's church bellsBELLOWFARMER: person responsible for the care and maintenance of the church organBELLOWS MAKER: a person who made bellows used for organs or blacksmiths' firesBELLY BUILDER: a person who built and fitted the interiors of pianosBENDER: a person who cut leatherBERNER: [obsolete] a man in charge of a pack of houndsBESOM MAKER: [obsolete] one who made broomsBIBLIOTHECARY: a librarianBIDDY: female servant usually of Irish stockBID-STAND: [obsolete] one who bade travelers to "stand and deliver"; a highwayman or robberBILL POSTER: a person who put up notices, signs and advertisementsBINDER: one who bound items such as booksBIRD BOY: a person employed to scare away birds from cropsBIRD CATCHER; a person who caught birds for sellingBIRDS NEST SELLER: a person who sold birds nest collected from the wild complete with eggs; these were then hatched by domestic birds and sold as petsBLACKING MAKER: a person who made polish for shoesBLACK BORDERER: a person who made black edged stationery for funeralsBLADESMITH: swordmaker or knife makerBLEMMERE: a plumberBLOCKCUTTER / BLOCKER: a person who made wooden blocks used in the hat trade; a person who laid down the blocks on which a ships keel was laidBLOCK MAKER: a person who engraved the blocks used in the printing tradeBLOCK PRINTER: a printer who used wooden blocks for printingBLOODLETTER / BLOODMAN: the person who used leeches for letting blood, thought to be a cure for many ailmentsBLOOMER: a person who produced iron from oreBLOWER: [1] a glass blower; [2] a person who operated a "blowing machine" used to clean and separate fibres in the textile trade; [3] a person who operated the bellows at a blacksmithsBLUESTOCKING female writerBLUFFER: a landlordBOARDING OFFICER: one who inspected ships before entering portBOARDWRIGHT: a carpenterBOATMAN: a person who worked on a boat, predominately on rivers and canals; boat repairerBOATSWAIN: an officer in charge of the sails and riggingBOBBER: [1] a person who polished metals; [2] person who helped to unload fishing boatsBOCHER: [obsolete] butcherBODEYS MAKER / BODY MAKER: a person who made bodices for womens garmentsBODGER: a craftsman who made wooden chair legs and the sparsBOILERMAKER: one who worked with metal in any industrial settingBOILER PLATER: a person who made rolled iron plate used to make boilers for steam enginesBOLTER: a person who sifted mealBONDAGER: a female worker on a farm who was bondedBONDMAN: a person bonded to a master for the purpose of learning a skill or tradeBONE BUTTON TURNER: a person who made buttons using a latheBONE LACE MAKER: one who made pillow laceBONE PICKER: See Rag PickerBONESETTER: a person who set broken bonesBONIFACE: an innkeeperBOOK GUILDER: one who decorated books with gold leafBOONMASTER: a surveyor of roads with the responsibilities of maintaining and repairing the roadBOOT-CATCHER: the person at an inn whose business was to pull off bootsBOOTBINDER: one employed to operate the machines which bound footwareBOOT CLOSER: an employee who worked in the shoe trade stitching together all the parts of a shoe upperBOOTHMAN: a corn merchantBORLERA: a person who made cheap coarse clothingBOTCHER: a cobbler; a tailor; an unskilled laborerBOTTILER / BOTTLER: a person who made leather containers for holding liquids such as wine flasks or water bottlesBOTTLE BOY: a pharmacist's assistantBOWLER: [1] a person who made bowls and dishes; [2] one who made the rounded part of spoons before castingBOWLMAN: a dealer in crockeryBOWYER: [archaic] a person in the bow trader; an archerBRABENER: a weaverBRACHYGRAPHER: a person who wrote short handBRAKEMAN / BRAKESMAN: a person who operated the winch at the pit head; a person who operated the braking mechanism on trains and tramsBRASIATOR: a brewer of aleBRASS FINISHER: one who polished brass goodsBRASS CUTTER: a person who made copperplate engravingsBRASS FOUNDER: one who cast brassBRAYER: a person who ground things up in a mortarBRAZIER: one who works in brassBREACH MAKER: a person who made the breach for gunsBREWSTER: a female brewer BRICKBURNER / BRICKMAKER: a person who used a kiln to make bricksBRICKMAN / BREAKMAN: a bricklayerBRIDEWELL KEEPER: the person in charge of a lock-up or jailBRIDGEMAN: toll keeper at bridgesBRIGHTSMITH: tinsmithBROADCLOTH WEAVER: a person who operated a wide loomBROAD COOPER: a person employed as a go-between for the brewery and the innkeepersBROGGER: a wool merchantBROOM DASHER: a dealer in broomsBROOM SQUIRE: one who made brooms from birchBROWDERER / BROIDERER: an embroidererBROWNSMITH: a person who worked with copper or brassBUCK WASHER: a laundressBUCKLER / BUCKLESMITH: a person who made bucklesBUCKLE TONGUE MAKER: a person who made the metal points that go in the holes of a beltBULLWHACKER: a bullock or oxen driverBUMBOAT MAN: one who met ships at anchor, with goods for passengers and crew to purchaseBUNTER: a rag and bone womanBURLER: one who dresses or readies cloth for sale by removing flaws, knots, or imperfectionsBURMAIDEN: [also BOWERMAIDEN] - a chambermaid or lady in waitingBURYEMAN: a grave diggerBUSHELER: a tailor's assistantBUSKER: [obsolete] a hair dresserBUSS MAKER: a maker of gunsBUTNER: button makerBUTTON BURNISHER: one who polished buttonsReturn to Top of PageCABBIE: driver of a small horse drawn passenger vehicleCAD: a person employed to feed and water horses at coach stopsCADDY BUTCHER: horse meat butcherCADGER: a beggarCAINER: a person who made walking sticksCALCINER: a person who burnt bones to make powdered limeCALENDER: a person who listed documentsCALKER: an astrologer or magicianCAMBIST: a banker or one who dealt in notes and billsCAMBRIC MAKER: a person who made a fine linen or cotton fabric called cambricCAMERIST: a lady's maidCANDLE MAKER / CANDLER: one who made and sold candlesCANDY MAN: [1] an itinerant candy salesman; [1] {England} a bailiff or process serverCANER: a person who made the seats for chairs out of woven caneCANTER: a beggar or vagrantCANTING CALLER: an auctioneerCANVASER: a person who made canvasCAPE MERCHANT: the head merchant in a factoryCAPER: a cap makerCAPTAIN: [1] a person in charge of a ship or a group of soldiers; [2] an overseerCARDER: one who carded woolCARDMAKER: [1] A person who made the handheld implement used for carding wool and cotton; [2] the maker of playing cardsCARNIFEX: [obsolete] an executioner or butcherCARTER: a wagoner, stable headman, or charioteerCARTOGRAPHER: a map makerCARTOMANCER: a fortune teller who used cardsCART WHEELER: one who made cart wheelsCARTWRIGHT: one who made carts or wagonsCASTER / CASTOR: maker of small bottles used for sprinkling salt, pepper, sugar, etc.CASTRATOR: [also GELDER] one who castrated farm animalsCATTLE JOBBER: a person who bought and sold cattleCAULKER: a person who made boats watertight by caulking the seamsCELLARMAN: one who looked after the beer, wines and spirits in public houses or the warehouseCHAFFERER: a dealer in chaffCHAISE MAKER: wicker cart makerCHALONER: blanket makerCHAMBERLAIN: a steward to either royalty or nobility, in charge of the householdCHAMBERMAID: a female servant who attended to the bedrooms in a house or innCHAMBERMASTER: a shoemaker who worked in his own homeCHANDLER: originally, one who made or sold candles; a retail dealer in provisions, groceries, etc.CHANTY MAN: the sailor who led the singing on board shipCHAPELER: a person who made and sold hatsCHAPMAN: an itinerant peddler or one who kept a booth in a marketplaceCHARCOAL BURNER: a person who made charcoal usually in the woods where the trees were cutCHARWOMAN: a cleaning woman hired by the day CHASER: engraverCHEESEMAN / CHEESE MONGER: cheese dealerCHRONOLOGIST: one who recorded official events of historical importanceCLICKER: a merchant's servant who would stand at the door and invite customers into the store; a foreman in a shoemaker's shopCLOD-HOPPER: a ploughman or agriculture laborerCLOGGER: one who made wooden shoes for saleCLOTHIER / CLOTHESMAN: a person who made or sold clothesCLOWER: a person who made nailsCOACHMAN: a person who drove any coachCOAL HEAVER: one who unloaded coal from shipsCOALMAN: a person who sold coal usually from a horse and cart, house to houseCOALY: a coal heaverCOBBLER: a shoemakerCOCKFEEDER: a person who looked after fighting cocksCODMAN: a fish sellerCOGMEN: men who bought and sold a coarse cloth called cogwareCOILLOR: [obsolete] a collectorCOISTSELL: a groom in charge of the care of a knight's horseCOLLAR MAKER: a person who made collarsCOLLIER: a coal miner or coal merchantCOLPORTEUR: an itinerant book salesman, most often one employed by a society to travel about and sell or distribute Bibles and religious writingsCONEY CATCHER: a rabbit catcherCONFECTIONERY: a maker of sweets; sometimes, one who made medicines or poisonsCONNOR: one who tested, examined, or inspectedCOOPER: one who made or repaired wooden casks, kegs or tubsCOPEMAN - [1] a dishonest merchant, especially in horses; [2] a receiver of stolen goodsCOPER: a horse dealerCOPPERSMITH: one who worked with copperCORDER: a colonial official whose duty was to verify cords of wood before saleCORDWAINER: a shoemaker or worker of leatherCORK CUTTER: one who worked with corkCORN CUTTER: a podiatristCOSTERMONGER: originally, a seller of apples; a fruiterer, especially in the open streetCOTELER / COTYLER: one who made and repaired knivesCOUPER: one who bartered, dealt, or bought and soldCOURANTEER: a journalist, reporter, or newspaper publisherCOURTIER: the owner and driver of a horse and cart known as a courtCOWHERD: a cow keeper; one who tended cowsCOWPER: one who made wooden itemsCRACKER BOY - a boy employed to clean and sort slate and other impurities from the coal crushed by the crackers (machines that crush anthracite coal)CRAFTIMAN: a craftsmanCRAMER: a peddlar who sold books in the marketplace; a hawkerCRATE MAN: a person who sold eathenware door to doorCRIMPET MAKER: a person who baked crumpetsCROCKER: one who made crockery; potterCROFTER: a tenant who worked a small piece of ground, having another vocation, such as fishingCROOKMAKER: a person who made shepherd's crooks and walking sticksCROPPER: a tenant who worked a piece of ground and got a portion of the crop in paymentCROWNER: a coronerCURER: one who cured tobaccoCURRIER: a craftsman who treated animal skins with oil or greaseCUTLER: one who made, dealt, and sharpened knives, scissors, and other cutting instrumentsReturn to Top of PageDAIRYMAN: a man who rented, owned, or managed a dairy and made his living by selling dairy productsDAMSTER: in logging operations, one who supervised the building of a damDAY LABORER: a man who worked on a hire-by-the-day basisDECOYMAN: a person employed to decoy the wild fowl, animals, etc. into a trap or within shooting rangeDELVER: ditch diggerDIKER: one who built dikes or dug ditches or trenchesDISHER / DISH THROWER: a person who made bowls and dishesDISH TURNER: one who made wooden bowls or dishesDOCK MASTER: a person in charge of a dockyardDOG BREAKER: dog trainerDOG LEECH: a veterinarianDOMESMAN: a judgeDOOR-KEEPER: a janitor, porter, or guardDOWSER: a person who claimed to be able to find water using a forked stick or dowsing stickDRAINER: a person who made drainsDRAPER: originally, a maker of woolen cloth, later a dealer in cloths of all kindsDRAWER: one who drew and served liquor for tavern customersDRAYMAN: one who drove a cart carrying heavy loads, often used in connection with a brewery DRESSER: [1] one who dressed another (a tirewoman); [2] surgeon's assistant in a hospital DRESSMAKER: clothing makerDRIVER: the overseer of a group of slavesDROVER: a driver of sheep and cattleDRYSALTER - one who dealt in salted or dried meats, pickles, sauces, chemical, and dyesDUFFER: a peddler or hawker who sold cheap or trashy goodsDUSTMAN: a janitor or garbagemanDYER: one who dyed materialReturn to Top of PageEARER: a ploughmanEGGLER: an egg or poultry dealerELYMAKER: oilmaker EMBOSSER: a person who moulded or carved designs that were raised above the surface of the materialEMPRESARIO: a man who performed a specific deed, such a importing a certain number of settlers, in return for land grants and power; land broker, settlement scheme promoter, showman EMPTOR: a buyerENGRAVER / ETCHER: one who cut or carved designs or lettering in metal or stone ENUMERATOR: census taker EREMITE: hermit ESSENCE PEDDLER: one who sold medicines, flavorings, elixirs, etc.EXCISEMAN: a government official who collected excises (taxes)EYER: a person who made eyes in needles used for sewing; also called a HolerReturn to Top of PageFACTOR: a commissioned agent; one who sold goods for another in his own name and received a commissionFAGETTER: a person who made up faggots into bundles; seller of firewoodFANNER: one who winnowed (separated the chaff from the grain by means of air movement) grain with a fanFARRIER: a blacksmith or horse-shoerFASHIONER: one who fashioned or formed anything, especially clothingFEATHER-BEATER: one who cleaned feathersFEATHER-DRESSER: a person who cleaned and prepared feathers for saleFEATHERMAN: a dealer in feathers and plumesFELLER: a woodcutterFELLMONGER: one who removed hair or wool from hides in preparation for leather making; a dealer in animal skins and hides, especially sheepskinFELTER: a worker in the hatting industryFENCE VIEWER: a person legally appointed to inspect and report on the condition of fences.FERRER: a smith who worked in ironFISH FAG: a woman who sold fishFLAX DRESSER: one who prepared flax prior to spinningFLESHER: [1] a butcher; [2] one who worked in a tanneryFLESHMONGER: one who dealt in flesh; a pimpFLETCHER: a maker of and dealer in bows and arrowsFLOATER: a vagrantFLUSHERMAN: a person who cleaned out water mainsFLYING STATIONER: a street broadsheet sellerFOGGER: [1] a peddlar who carried small wares from village to village; [2] a low-class lawyer; [3] a middleman in the nail and chain trade; [4] an agricultural laborer who fed cattleFOOT-BOY: a servant or attendent in liveryFOOT-MAIDEN: a female attendantFOOTMAN: a servant who would run errands among his other dutiesFORGER: blacksmithFORESTALLER: one who bought goods before they come to market with the intention of raising the priceFOSSETMAKER: a person who made faucets for ale-casksFRAME SPINNER: a worker on a loomFRINGEMAKER: one who made fringes or ornamental borders of clothFRIPPERER: one who bought and sold old clothesFRISEUR: a hair dresserFRUITERER: a person who bought and sold fruitFRUITESTERE: a female fruit sellerFULKER: a pawnbroker or money lenderFULLER: a person who fulled cloth by increasing the weight and bulk of fabric by shrinking, beating, or pressing itFURBISHER: a person who polished armorFURNER: a baker; one in charge of the ovensFURRIER: one who bought, sold, and/or made fursFUSTIAN WEAVER: a maker of corduroyReturn to Top of PageGAFFER: a headman or foreman of a work gangGANGREL: a vagrant or roving beggarGANNEKER: an alehouse keeperGAOLER: [obsolete] a jailer GARCION: a servingman or groom, usually a young man or boyGATER: a watchmanGATWARD: a goat keeperGAUNTER: a gloverGELDER: castrator of animals, especially horsesGILDER: one whose occupation was to overlay an item with gold leafGINOUR: an engineerGIRDLER: one who made girdlesGLAZIER: a glass cutter; a person who glazed pottery, paper, etc.GOLDSMITH: a banker; one who dealt in articles made of gold; a craftsman who makes vessels and ornaments of goldGOOSE HERD: one who herded geeseGOOSE HERDER: an itinerant tailorGRACE WIFE: a midwifeGRAFFER: a notary or scrivenerGRAINER: one who produced artifical grain in woodGRANGER: a farmer, bailiff, or steward of a farmGRAVER: one who carved or engraved letters or figures in stoneGRAZIER: one who pastured and raised cattle for marketGREEN GROCER: a retailer of greensGREENSMITH: worker in copper or lattenGRINDER: one who operated a grinding machine in any of several tradesGUMMER: a person who improved old saws by deepening the cutsReturn to Top of PageHABERDASHER: a person who sold men's furnishings such as hats, shirts, neckties, handkerchiefs, gloves, etc.HACKNER: one who made or used hoes, mattocks, etc.HACKNEY MAN: one who rented horses and carriagesHAIRWEAVER: weaver of cloth composed wholly or partly of horsehairHAND WOMAN: a midwife; a female attendantHARLOT: [1] loose woman; [2] vagabond, beggar, rogue; [3] male servant, attendant or menialHARPER: a performer on the harpHATCHELER: one who cleaned or dressed flaxHAWKER: an itinerant peddler or hucksterHAYMONGER: a dealer in hayHAYWARD: an officer formerly charged with the repair of cattle fences and the retention of cattle in the town common.HEDGER: one who planted or trimmed hedgesHEELMAKER: one who made shoe heelsHENCHMAN: a horseman or groomHEWER: a miner who cut coal, stone; a face worker in a mineHIGGER: a person who peddled merchandiseHIGHWAYMAN: a robber who worked the public roadsHIND a farm laborer, household or domestic servantHOBBLER: [1] a soldier on horseback; [2] one who towed a boat with a rope along a river bankHOD: a bricklayer's laborerHODMAN: a mason's helperHOGGARD: a pig droverHOOPER: a cooper; one who put the hoops on casks or tubsHORNER: a worker in horn making spoons, combs, or musical hornsHORSE-CAPPER: a dealer in worthless horsesHORSE COPER: a horse dealer or breederHORSE COURSER: a man who keeps race horsesHORSE LEECH: veterinarianHOSIER: a retailer of stockings, socks, gloves, nightcaps, etc.HOSTLER: [1] a stableman or groom; [2] one who serviced railroad enginesHOSTELER: one who received and lodged guestsHOUSE JOINER: one who built house framesHOUSEWRIGHT: a carpenter or house builderHOYMAN: a person who engaged in the carriage of goods and passengers by waterHUCKSTER: a peddler or salesmanReturn to Top of PageICEMAN: an ice dealer; one who delivered ice to customersINFIRMARIAN: a person in charge of an infirmary INNHOLDER: an innkeeperINTELLIGENCER: a spy INTENDANT: a director of a public or government business INTERFACTOR: a murderer IRONMASTER: the owner or manager of an iron foundryIRONMONGER: a dealer in iron and hardwareIRON SMITH: blacksmith; worker in ironIVORY WORKER: one who made such things as piano keys, combs, billard balls, and buttonsReturn to Top of PageJACK: a young male assistant, sailor, or lumberjack JACKSMITH: a maker of lifting machinery JAGGER: a carrier, carter, peddler or hawker; in mining, a man who carried ore on a pack-horse from a mine to the smelter; a boy who had charge of the jags or train or trucks in a coal mineJAKES-FARMER: one who emptied cesspoolsJOBBER: [1] a person who bought in quantity and sold to individual dealers; [2] one who worked by the job or did piecework; [3] a person who worked in an official capacity and was dishonest, using the office for his own gainJOBMASTER: Supplied carriages, horses and drivers for hireJOINER / JOYNER: a carpenter who did interior finish work by joining pieces of woodJONGLEUR: an itinerant minstrelJOURNEYMAN: one who served an apprenticeship and was no longer bound to serve a masterJOUSTER: hawker or peddler of fishKEDGER: a fisherman, or one who peddled fishKEELMAN: a bargemanKEMPSTER: a wool comberKIDDIER: [1] skinner; [2] dealer in young goatsKNACKER: [1] one who made harnesses; [2] one who bought old horses and sells the flesh for dog meat, etc.; [3] one who bought and wrecked old houses and sells the various parts KNELLER: a chimmney sweep who solicited customers by knocking on doorsKNOCKKNOBBLER: a person whose duty it was to chase dogs out of church if they became a nuisanceKNOLLER: bell tollerReturn to Top of PageLACEMAN: a dealer in laceLACEWOMAN: a lady's maidLAGGER: a sailorLANDS JOBBER: one who bought land on speculation and sold it to othersLANDSMAN: an inexperienced sailorLAND WAITER: a customs official who examined, weighed, and took account of goods that had just been landed (off a ship)LASTER: one who worked or shaped shoes on a last [the mold of the human foot made of wood and used to shape shoes]LATTENER: a maker of or worker in latten, a mixed metal of yellow color, either identical with or closely resembling brassLAUNDERER: a person who washed linenLAVENDAR: a washerwomanLEECH or SAWBONES: physician LEGERDEMAINIST: magician LEIGHTONWARD: a gardenerLIGHTERMAN: one who owns or is employed on a lighter, a large flat-bottomed barge used to unload and load ships where the water is too shallow for the ships to dockLIMNER: one who illuminated books or parchments; one who paints or drawsLINENER: a linen draper; shirtmakerLINKERMAN: a person who carried a link or torch to guide people through city streets at night for a small feeLISTER: one who kept a list of persons being taxed and their propertyLITSTER: a dyer; one who dyed fabricsLOADSMAN / LODESMAN: a pilot of a ship or boatLOBLOLLY BOY: a ship's doctor assistantLOCK KEEPER: overseer of canal locksLONGSHOREMAN: one who worked on the waterfront loading and unloading shipsLORESMAN: a teacherLORIMER: a maker of bits and metal mounting for horse bridles, generally a maker of small ironware and a worker in wrought ironLUNGS: a servant whose duty was to blow the fire of an alchemistReturn to Top of PageMADERER: one who gathered and sold garlicMALEMAKER: a maker of 'Males' or travelling bagsMALENDER: a farmer>MALSTER: one who made or dealt in maltMANGLE KEEPER: a woman who offered use of the mangle to others for a feeMANTUAMAKER: a dressmakerMASON: a stonecutter; one who worked with stone or brickMASTER: a skilled workman or one in business on his ownMASTER MARINER: the commander of a shipMASTER OF THE ROLLS: an equity judgeMATCHET FORGER: knifemaker, or machete makerMEADER: a mowerMEALMAN: dealer in meal or flourMECHANIC: [1] Manual laborer; [2] Operator of a machine MEDICINE PEDDLER: an itinerant salesman who dealt in herbs, elixers, pills, etc. which were bought in large batches and sold under his own labelMELDER: a corn millerMENAGE-MAN: an itinerant vendor who sold goods to be paid for in installmentsMERCATOR: a merchantMERCER: a person who dealt in costly fabrics, especially silksMERCHANT: an occupation that might mean anything involving the buying and selling of a variety of productsMESSENGER: [1] (Plymouth Colony) a constable; [2] (England) one who was appointed by a court to handle certain duties in a bankruptcy caseMETALMAN: a worker in metalsMETERER: a poetMIDSHIPMAN: usually, a wealthy second or third son who could not inheritMIDWIFE: a woman experienced in the birthing process who helped other women in the birth of a childMILLER: one who owned or operated a flour millMILLERESS: miller's wifeMILLINER: [1] a seller of fancy wares and articles of apparel; [2] a maker of ladies hats and bonnetsMILLWRIGHT: one who planned and built mills or mill machineryMINER: a worker in a mine, such as coal, iron, etc.MINT MASTER: the person in charge of a mintMIXER: bartenderMONEY-SCHRIVENER: a person who raised money for othersMOULDER: one who made molds for casting or one who molded clay into bricksMUDLARK: sewer cleaner, riverbank scavenger MUFFIN MAN: itinerant seller of muffinsMULESKINNER: a mule driverMULETEER: one who drove a team of mulesMULTURER: a millerMUSIKER: a musicianMUSTARDER: one who made and dealt in mustardReturn to Top of PageNAVIGATOR: a laborer digging canals and later, railwaysNECESSARY WOMAN: servant responsible for emptying and cleaning chamber potsNECKER: a worker responsible for the feeding of cardboard into the machine that makes boxesNEDELLER: one who made needlesNETTER: a net makerNIGHT SOILMAN: one employed to empty cesspits, ashpits and backyard toiletsNIGHT MAGISTRATE: a constable NIGHTWALKER: a watchman or bellmanNIMGIMMER: doctor, surgeon, or apothecary NOB-THATCHER: one who made wigsReturn to Top of PageOCCUPIER: a tradesmanOILMAN: a person who sold the oil for lampsOLITOR: a kitchen gardenerORDERLY: a non-commissioned officer or private in the miitary service assigned to look after the needs of superior officers or to carry orders or messagesORDINARY KEEPER: innkeeper ORFEVER: a goldsmithOSTREGER: a keeper of goshawksOSTLER: See HostlerOUT-CRIER: an auctioneerOWLER: a sheep or wool smuggler Return to Top of PagePACKMAN: a peddler, or person who travelled around carrying goods for sale in a packPACKER: one who packed goods for preservation, such as pickles or herringPAINTRESS: a woman employed in the pottery industry to hand-paint the finished articlesPALING MAN: one who dealt in eels; fishmongerPAN SMITH: one who made pans; metalworkerPANTER: keeper of the pantryPARKER: one who kept a park; a caretakerPASSAGE KEEPER: a person who kept passages and alleys cleanPASTELER: a pastry makerPASTOR: a shepherd or herdsmanPAVER: one who maintained pavements; a person who laid paving stonesPAVYLER: one who put up pavilions or tentsPAWNBROKER: one who loaned money with interest against items of value left for securityPEAGER: a toll-keeperPEDAILE: a footman; a foot soldierPEDDLER: a person who traveled from place to place selling small goodsPELTERER: a person who worked with animal skinsPERFUMER: a maker or seller of perfumesPERCHEMEAR: one who made parchmentPERIWIG MAKER: a wigmakerPESSONER: a fishmongerPETERMAN: a fishermanPETTIFOGGER: a small time lawyer retained by a small or mean businessPETTY CHAPMAN: an itinerant dealer in small goods, a peddlerPEW OPENER: a person hired to open the doors to private pews in churchPHARMAOPOEIST: a person who sold medicines; an apothecaryPHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENT MAKER: a maker of scientific instrumentsPICAROON: a pirate, or a pirate's ship; a thief, adventurer, or roguePIECE BROKER: one who sold material remnantsPIGMAKER: a person who made pig or cast iron; pottery workerPIGMAN: [also MUGGER] a seller of crockeryPIKELET MAKER: baker who specialised in making small pancakes or crumpetsPIKEMAN: a miller's assistantPIKER: tramp or vagrantPILL BOX LIDDER: one responsible for making the lids of pill boxes in the pottery tradePILLER: a robberPILOT: one licensed to steer ships through difficult watersPINDER: a person whose duty was to catch and confine stray animalsPINER: [1] a pioneer; [2] a laborerPINNER: a pin makerPINNER UP: [1] a dressmakers assistant; [2] person who sold broadsheets or ballads in the streetsPIPER: an innkeeperPITMAN: a coal miner; one who worked in a pitPLAIN WORKER: one who performed plain sewing or needlework as opposed to an embroidererPLAITER: one who made straw plaits used in making hatsPLANKER: one who planks or kneads the body of the hat during feltingPLOUGH JOGGER: a plowmanPLOWMAN: a farm worker; a husbandmanPLOWRIGHT: one who made or repaired plowsPLUMASSIER / PLUMER: a person who made or sold plumes, ornamental feathersPLUMBUM MAN: a plumber; one who worked with lead pipesPOINTER: someone who sharpened needles or pinsPOLEMAN: a surveyor's assistantPONDERATOR: an inspector of weights and measuresPORTABLE SOUP MAKER: a person who converted soup into a dry form for transporting from place to placePORTER: [1] a pallbearer; [2] a doormanPOSTILLION: one who worked on long distance coaches and whose duty it was to change the horses at stopsPOST RIDER: one who carrierd mail over a post roadPOTATO BADGER: a potato sellerPOT BOY: person who worked in public houses washing and removing dirty pots and other menial jobsPOTTER: one who made or peddled pottery or earthenware vesselsPOTTER CARRIER: a chemist or pharmacistPOUCH MAKER: a person who made pouches or pursesPOULTER: one who dealt in poultryPOYNTER: lace makerPRESTIDIGITATOR: a magician; a juggler; one who juggles wordsPRICKER: witch hunterPUBLICAN: [1] an inkeeper or tavern keeper; [2] a person who collected fees of any kind such as tithes, tolls, tributes, customs, etc.PUGGER: usually a woman or child employed by brick manufacturers to produce clay paste by treadingPULLEYMAKER: one who made pulleys for hoistsPUMPMAKER: a person who made pumpsReturn to Top of PageQUARRIER: a quarry workerQUARRYMAN: quarry worker QUILLER: a person who operated a machine that wound yarn onto spoolsQUILTER: a person who quilted materialQUISTER: one who bleached thingsRAG CUTTER: someone who cut up rags into small pieces to be used for making paperRAG GATHERER: usually children, employed to clear the rags from the machinery in the millsRAG MAN: a person who went from street to street collecting and selling old clothes and ragsRAG AND BONE MAN: one who went from street to street with a cart and collected any old rubbishRAG PICKER: a person who sorted through the leftover rags to find reusable onesRATONER: a rat catcherREDSMITH: goldsmithREVENUER: taxman who enforced tax laws on liquor RIGGER: one who worked with the rigging of a shipRIPPER: a person who brought fish inland to the marketRIVERMAN - unlicensed employee of a river boat, such as agent, barker, bartender, clerk, cook, deck hand, etc.; usually does not refer to the owner, master, mate, or pilot, however, it is not always the caseRODMAN: a surveryor's assistant who carried a leveling rodROPER: a rope or net makerROVER: an archerRUGMAN: rug dealerRUNNER: [1] a smuggler; [2] a messenger, collector, or agentRUSTLER: a cattle thiefReturn to Top of PageSADDLER: one who made saddles, harnesses, horse collars, bridles, etc.SADDLE TREE MAKER: one who made the frames for saddles that the saddler usedSALOONIST: a saloon keeper; one who promoted the idea of having saloons for drinkingSALTER: a maker of and ealer in salt; a drysalterSANDESMAN: a messenger, envoy, or ambassadorSAPPERS AND MINERS - soldiers who belonged to the engineer corps whose duty was to make trenches or sapsSARTOR: a tailorSAWYER: one who cut timber into logs or boardsSAY WEAVER - a weaver of say, a cloth of fine texture resembling sergeSAYER: a poetSCAVELMAN: one who kept the waterways and ditches clearSCHOOLMASTER: teacherSCHRIMPSCHONGER: one who carved bone, ivory, etc. into pieces of artSCRIBE - an official clerk transcriber; one who copied manuscripts before printing was developedSCRIMER: a fencing masterSCRIPTURE READER: A person employed by the local clergy to go from house to house reading parts of the bible to try and encourage people to attend church;also read scriptures during some servicesSCRIVENER: a clerk or notary; formerly, a moneylender; a brokerSCULLERY MAID: a female servant who performed all the menial tasksSCULLION: a male servant who performed all the menial tasksSEALER: an inspector who was elected by the town to put his "seal" or stamp of approval on items he inspected, tested and certifiedSEARCHER: one who was employed at a custom-house station to inspect incoming goods; a customs-manSEEDSMAN: one who dealt in seeds; a sowerSEMI LORER: a person who made leather thongsSEMPSTRESS: seamstressSEWSTER: a seamstressSHANTY-MAN: a lumbermanSHARECROPPER: a person who would farm ground owned by another, and divide the crops or the profits with the ownerSHEARER: one who removed the fleece from sheepSHEARGRINDER: one who sharpened shears, scissorsSHEARMAN: one who sheared cloth, metal, etc. SHEATH MAKER: a person who made scabbards for swordsSHEEPMAN: a person whose business was raising sheep; a sheepherderSHEPSTER: a female pattern cutter; a dressmakerSHINGLER: a roof tiler who used wooden tiles or shinglesSHOESMITH: a cobbler; one who shod horsesSHIP MASTER: the owner or commander of a shipSHIPWRIGHT: a carpenter skilled in building and repairing shipsSHOE-FINDER: a person who sold shoemakers' tools and appliancesSHOE-WIPER: a servant whose duty it was to clean shoesSHORESMAN: a person who made his living on the shore in the fishery business; a shore-gunnerSHRAGER: a person who trimmed and pruned treesSILK THROWSTER: a person who wound, twisted, spun, or threw silk fibers in preparation for weavingSILVER SMITH: a person who worked with silverSKEPPER: a person who made and sold beehivesSKINKER: a tapster; one who drew aleSKINNER: one who dealt in animal skins; a mule driverSLATER: one who slated roofsSLOP SELLER: a person who sold cheap, ready-made garmentsSMELTER: [1] one who worked in a smelter melting down ores; [2] a fisherman who fished for smeltsSMITH: one who made or repaired metal itemsSNOBBER: a shoemaker or cobbler SNOW WARDEN: a person whose duty was to make sure the snow was evenly dispersed on the streets so the sleigh runners could move easilySNUFFER MAKER: one who made the candle snuffer for putting out or "snuffing" candlelightSOAPBOILER: a soap-makerSOJOURNER CLOTHIER: a traveling clothes salesmanSOUTER: a shoemakerSPALLIER: a tin works laborerSPERVITER: a keeper of sparrow hawksSPICER: a grover or one who dealt in spicesSPINNER: one who spins yarnSPLITTER: one who operated a splitting machine or who split things by handSPOONER: a person who made spoons<SPURRIER: a person who made spursSTAMPMAN: a person who worked with an ore-crushing stamp millSTAPLER: a dealer in various goodsSTATIONARY TENDER: see STOKERSTATIONER: a bookseller; one who sold paper, quills, ink stands, pencils, and other writing itemsSTAY MAKER: a corset makerSTEERSMAN: the helmsman of a shipSTEP BOY: one employed to help passengers to enter or leave a coachSTEVEDORE: a workman employed either as overseer or laborer in loading and unloading the cargoes of merchant vesselsSTEWARD: a person entrusted with the care and management of another's estate or householdSTITCHER: one who sewed, decorated with stitching, etc.STOCKINGER: one who knitted, wove, or dealt in stockingsSTOKER: a person who tended a furnace; stokeed the fire in a furnace; shoveled coal to feed a furnace.STONE CUTTER: one who cut and dressed stonesSTONER: a person who cut stonesSTONEMAN / STONEWARDEN: a surveyor of highwaysSTONE PICKER: one hired to remove the stones from the farmers' fields before plantingSTONE WORKER: one who worked with stone such as masons or quarriersSTRAW JOINER: a person who thatched roofsSTREAKER: one who prepared the body for burialSTREET CLEANER: a street sweeperSTRINGER: a person who made the strings for bowsSUCKSMITH: a person who made ploughsharesSURVEYOR: one who determined the boundaries, area, or elevations of land or structures on the earth's surface by means of measuring angles and distances, using the techniques of geometry and trigonometrySUTLER: a person who followed an army camp peddling provisions and suppliesSWAIN: [1] a herdsman; [2] a servant; a young man who was a knight's attendantSWAMPER: [1] a laborer who cleared roads in a swamp or forest; [2] a person who did odd jobs in a saloonSWEEP: chimneysweepSWINEHERDER: a pig keeperSWORD CUTLER: one who made and mounted swordsReturn to Top of PageTABLER: one who boarded others or was a boarder himself; boarding house operatorTAILOR: one who made or repaired clothesTALLOW CHANDLER: a person who made and sold tallow candlesTALLY-CLERK: a person who counted votes; one who kept track of cargo or merchandiseTALLYMAN: a person who sold goods on credit and was paid by installmentsTANKARD BEARER: a person employed in the drawing and carrying water from public pumps and conduitsTANNER: one who tanned or converted hides into leatherTAPER WEAVER: a person who made candlewicksTAPISER: one who made tapestry; an upholstererTAPSTER: a barmaid or bartenderTAPPER: a tavern-keeperTAVERNER: an innkeeperTAWER: one who made white leatherTEAMSTER: one who drove a team for hauling cargoTENTER: one who looks after machinery in a factory, such as a loom tenterTHACKER: a thatcherTHATCHER: one who covered roofs with straw or reedsTHRESHER: a person who separated the grain from the husks and strawTHROWSTER: one who threw (wound or twisted) silk into threadTICKNEY MAN: a person who sold earthenware from town to townTIDE GAUGER: a person who monitored the tideTIDE WAITER: a custom house officerTIEMAKER: one who made wooden railway tiesTILER: a person who put tiles in place either on the roof or floorTILLER: a farmer; a cultivatorTILLMAN: a farmer; a ploughmanTINKER: an itinerant repairman who mended pots and pans; a jack-of-all tradesTINNER: a worker in a tin mine; a tinsmith; one who made tinwareTINTER: an artist skilled in tintingTILTMAKER: a person who made canvas awnings or canopiesTIMEKEEPER: a person responsible for making sure things happened on time such as workers arriving or departing, trains, coaches, etc.TIMES IRONER: a servant responsible for ironing the daily newspaperTINCTOR: a dyerTINKER: a travelling repairer of pots and pans TINSMITH: a person who worked with tinTIPPER: person who put the metal tips on arrowsTIPPLER: a person who kept an ale houseTIREWOMAN: a woman who assisted in the dressing room, especially in the theater; a dressmaker; a costumierTOBACCO SPINNER: cigar makerTOLLER: a person who collected tollsTOLLGATE KEEPER: one who worked at the toll gate to collect fees for use of the roadTONSOR: a barberTOOL HELVER: a person who made tool handlesTOPMAN: a sailor who served in the top mast station; the man who stood at the topmost point when sawing lumberTOPSMAN: the foreman or head cattle droverTOWN CRIER: a person who made public announcments in the streetsTRADESMAN: a shopkeeper or skilled craftsmanTRAMPER: [1] a vagabond; a tramp; [2] a person who trampled or walked on clothing in the wash to clean themTRAMPLER: an attorneyTRANQUETER: a person who made hoopsTRANTER / TRAUNTER: a peddler with a horse and cartTREEN MAKER: a person who made domestic articles from woodTREENAIL MAKER: one who made the long wooden pins used in shipbuildingTRENCHERMAKER: a person who made wooden boards or platters for serving food from or cutting and slicing food onTRENCHERMAN: a cookTRUCHMAN: an interpreterTRUGGER: a person who made long shallow basketsTUBBER: a person who made tubs and barrelsTUBEDRAWER: a person who made tubesTUNIST: one who tuned musical instrumentsTURNER: a person who worked with a latheTURNKEY: a prison warden or jail keeperReturn to Top of PageUPHOLDER: upholsterer and also a seller of secondhand goods UPHOLSTERER: one who finished furniture by putting on the padding and clothUPRIGHT WORKER: a chimney sweepVALET: a male servant who attended a nobleman or gentlemanVATMAN: [1] a person employed in the paper making industry to put the paper pulp into the moulds; [2] a person who worked with vats in beer and wine makingVERGE MAKER: a person who made the spindles used in clocks and watchesVERRIER: a glazierVERSER: a versifier; a poetVICTUALLER: a grocerVINTAGER: grape farmer, wine maker VINTNER: a wine merchantVIRGINAL PLAYER: one who played a musical instrument similar to a harpsichordVULCAN: blacksmithReturn to Top of PageWAFERER: one who made and sold wafers or thin unleavened cakesWAGONER: a driver of a wagon; a carterWAINWRIGHT: one who built or repaired wagonsWAITMAN / WAKEMAN: night watchmanWALKER: a cloth-workerWALLER: [1] a person who built walls either brick or dry stone; [2] one who worked making coarse saltWANTCATCHER: a person employed to catch molesWARDER / WARDEN: a person in charge of prisonersWARPER: [1] one who set the warp thread on the looms; [2] one employed to move boats by hauling on the warps (the ropes attached to the boats)WARRENER: a person in charge of a portion of land used for breeding rabbits and other small gameWASHMAN: a person who applied the wash (or coating) of tin when making tinplateWATCH FINISHER: a person employed to assemble watches and clocksWATCHMAN: one whose job it was to guard the streets at nightWATER BAILIFF: an official in charge of the fishing rights on a stretch of water; a river policeman or in coastal towns a customs officialWATER CARRIER: a person who carted and sold fresh waterWATER GILDER: a person who trapped water fowlWATER LEADER: a person who carts water for saleWATERMAN: person who worked with or on boats usually on riversWATTLE HURDLE MAKER: a person who made a type of fence from wattle to keep the sheep, i.e. construction of poles intertwined with twigs, reeds, or branchesWAY-MAKER: a person employed to make roadsWAY MAN: surveyor of roadsWEATHERSPY: an astrologerWEBBER: a weaverWEEDER: a person employed to remove the weeds from the gardens of the richWEIGHER: a person employed on the docks to weigh the cargo as it was unloadedWELLMASTER: one in charge of the local well with the responsibility of ensuring clean water for the villageWELL SINKER: a person who dug wellsWELLWRIGHT: a person who made the winding equipment used to raise the bucket in a wellWET GLOVER: a person who made leather glovesWET NURSE: a woman employed to suckle the child of anotherWETTER: [1] a person employed to dampen paper during the printing process; [2] a person in the glass industry who detached the glass by wettingWHACKER: one who drove a team of oxen, horses, etc.WHARFINGER: the person who owned or managed a wharfWHEELER: [1] a wheel maker; [2] a person in the textile industry who attended to the spinning wheel; [3] a person who led the pit ponies that pulled the tubs underground in the minesWHEELWRIGHT: a person who repaired and made wheels and wheeled vehichlesWHEERYMAN: a person in charge of a wheery (a small, light rowing boat)WHIPCORD MAKER: a person who made whipsWHIPPERIN: one who handled the hounds in a huntWHITEAR: a cleanser of hidesWHIT COOPER: one who made barrels from tinWHITE LIMER: a person who plastered walls using lime and water plasterWHITENING ROLL MAKER: a person who made the whitening used in whitening walls of cottagesWHITENER: a person who bleached clothWHITE SMITH: a maker of utensils in tin, especially dairy utensilsWHITE TAWER / WHITTAWER: a saddler, harness-makerWHITEWING: a street sweeperWILLOW PLAITER: one who made basketsWINDER: in the textile industry, a person who transferred the yarn from bobbins onto cheeses or into balls ready for weaving; in the mines a person who operated the pulley or winchWINDSTER: a silk winderWIRE DRAWER: one who made wire from metal by drawing the metal through various size holes in a templateWOODBREAKER: one who made wooden water casksWOODRANGER / WOOD REEVE: a person in charge of the forest or woodsWOOLCOMBER: one who operated the machines that separate the fibers ready for spinningWOOL DRIVER: one who brought the wool to marketWOOL GROWER: sheep farmerWOOL SORTER: a person who sorted the wool into different gradesWOOLSTED MAN: a seller of woollen clothWOOL WINDER: one who made up balls of wool for sellingWORSTED MANUFACTURER: a person who made worstedWRIGHT: a skilled worker in various trades, i.e., shipwright, wheelwright, cartwright, etc.Return to Top of PageYARDMAN: rail road yard worker YATMAN: a gate keeperYEARMAN: a person contracted to work for a yearYEOMAN: farmer who owns his own land Return to Top of Page [Surnames] [Family Stories] [Family Photos] [Wills & Obituaries] [Genealogy Links][Notable Women Ancestors] [Awards] [Genealogy Terms] [Genealogy Abbreviations] [Colonial Diseases] I'd be happy to exchange family information.Please send e-mail to Sam Behling. 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