(original) (raw)

%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips 5.487 Copyright 1986, 1992 Radical Eye Software %%Title: glossary.dvi %%Pages: 12 1 %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 %%EndComments %DVIPSCommandLine: dvips glossary.dvi %%BeginProcSet: tex.pro /TeXDict 250 dict def TeXDict begin /N{def}def /B{bind def}N /S{exch}N /X{S N} B /TR{translate}N /isls false N /vsize 11 72 mul N /@rigin{isls{[0 -1 1 0 0 0] concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale isls{Resolution hsize -72 div mul 0 TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mul TR matrix currentmatrix dup dup 4 get round 4 exch put dup dup 5 get round 5 exch put setmatrix}N /@landscape{/isls true N}B /@manualfeed{statusdict /manualfeed true put}B /@copies{/#copies X}B /FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N /FBB[0 0 0 0]N /nn 0 N /IE 0 N /ctr 0 N /df-tail{/nn 8 dict N nn begin /FontType 3 N /FontMatrix fntrx N /FontBBox FBB N string /base X array /BitMaps X /BuildChar{ CharBuilder}N /Encoding IE N end dup{/foo setfont}2 array copy cvx N load 0 nn put /ctr 0 N[}B 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(here,)h(since)h(they)e(are)g(quite)h(transien)o(t.)28 b(Please)18 b(email)g(correc-)300 1515 y(tions)d(or)f(additions)h(to)e Fh(h)p Fi(gio@cs.stanford.edu)p Fh(i)p Fi(.)333 1567 y(This)i(glossary)g(is)f (structured)i(in)o(to)f(\014v)o(e)f(logical)h(sections:)347 1619 y(1)f(Arc)o(hitecture)347 1671 y(2)g(Services)347 1723 y(3)g(Resources)347 1775 y(4)g(On)o(tologies)347 1827 y(5)g(Related)g(T)m (erms)300 1883 y(T)m(erms)g(in)h Fg(italics)h Fi(are)f(de\014ned)g(within)h (this)f(glossary;)f(when)h(suc)o(h)g(terms)g(adjoin,)e(they)i(are)300 1933 y(separated)g(b)o(y)f(a)p 579 1937 2 34 v 29 w(sym)o(b)q(ol.)300 2072 y Ff(1.)48 b(Arc)o(hitecture)300 2187 y Fi(Arc)o(hitecture)17 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(arrangemen)o(t)f(of)f Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s.)300 2239 y(The)h(follo)o(wing)h(terms)f(de\014ne)h(arc)o(hitectural)i (concepts)e(for)f(I3.)300 2316 y(actionable)f(information)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b Fg(information)f Fi(whic)o(h)g(causes)h(the)g Fg(customer)f Fi(to)g(initiate)i Fg(ev)o(en)o(t)p Fi(s.)300 2379 y(agen)o(t)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(to)q(ol)e Fi(whic)o(h)h(p)q (erforms)g(a)f Fg(service)p Fi(,)j(either)f(for)e(its)h Fg(o)o(wner)g Fi(or)f(for)g(a)g Fg(customer)i Fi(of)d(its)383 2429 y Fg(o)o(wner)i Fi([GeneserethK:94])h([GeneserethSS:94].)300 2491 y(application)22 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)22 b(a)e(p)q(ersisten)o(t)k(or)c(transien)o(t)i Fg(con\014guration)f Fi(of)f Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s,)j Fg(glue)p Fi(,)g(and)383 2541 y(h)o(uman-to-computer)15 b(in)o(teraction)i(\))p Fg(HCI)p Fi(\))e(mo)q(dules,)h(to)f(solv)o(e)g(a)g Fg(customer)h Fi(problem;)383 2591 y(ma)o(y)d(co)o(v)o(er)h(m)o(ultiple)i Fg(domain)p Fi(s.)p eop %%Page: 102 2 1 bop 300 275 a Fe(102)1106 b Fd(GIO)11 b(WIEDERHOLD)300 416 y Fi(comp)q(onen)o(t)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(ma)r(jor)e(building)i(blo)q(c)o (k)g(for)e(an)h Fg(application)p 1286 420 2 34 v 29 w(con\014guration)p Fi(.)18 b(Incorp)q(orates)383 466 y Fg(to)q(ol)p Fi(s)d(and)e(p)q(ossibly)j Fg(domain-sp)q(eci\014c)p 1016 470 V 31 w(kno)o(wledge)p Fi(.)300 525 y(con\014guration)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(an)f(instance)i(of)d(an)h Fg(arc)o(hitecture)i Fi(for)e(a)f Fg(customer)p 1436 529 V 31 w(application)p Fi(.)300 584 y(constrain)o(t)g(rules)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b Fg(rule)p Fi(s)h(de\014ning)f(dep)q(endencies)q(,)i(including)f (existence,)h(among)c Fg(ob)r(jects)p Fi(;)383 634 y(in)i(an)g Fg(arc)o(hitecture)j Fi(can)d(de\014ne)h Fg(la)o(y)o(er)f Fi(assignmen)o(ts)h (for)f Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s,)g(proto)q(cols,)h(etc.)300 693 y(con)o(ten)o(t)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b Fg(information)g Fi(result)i(passed)f(on)f(from)f(a)g Fg(resource)p Fi(.)300 752 y(co)q(ordination)k(services)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(co)o(v)o(ers)g Fg(resource)p 1041 756 V 35 w(disco)o(v)o(ery)p Fi(,)h Fg(distribution)p Fi(,)g(in)o(v)o(o)q(cation,)f Fg(sc)o(he-)383 802 y(duling)p Fi(,)e(etc.)19 b([T)m(ourtier:94].)300 861 y(customer)d Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(o)o(wner)g(of)f(the)g Fg(query)p Fi(ing)p 952 865 V 33 w Fg(application)i Fi(program,)e(end-user,)h(or)g(clien)o(t,)h(who)383 911 y(deriv)o(es)f Fg(v)n(alue)e Fi(from)f(the)i Fg(service)p Fi(s)h(through)e(receipt)i(of)e Fg(actionable)p 1489 915 V 30 w(information)p Fi(.)300 970 y(data)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(recorded)i(facts,)e(t)o(ypically)h(main)o(tainable)g(b)o(y)f(clerks.)300 1029 y(domain)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(topic)f(area,)g(c)o(haracterized)i(b)o (y)e(in)o(ternally)h(consisten)o(t)h Fg(seman)o(tic)p Fi(s)f(and)e(ha)o(ving) 383 1079 y(recognized)i(exp)q(erts,)e(for)f(instance:)20 b(\014nance,)14 b(electronic)i(parts,)e(v)o(ehicle)h(con)o(trol,)f(dia-)383 1129 y(b)q(etes)h(clinic)h(records.)k(T)m(erms)13 b(and)h Fg(on)o(tologies)g Fi(are)g(often)g(am)o(bigious)g(among)e(distinct)383 1179 y Fg(domains)i Fi([GohMS:94].)300 1238 y(facilitator)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)e Fi(whic)o(h)i(pro)o(vides)g Fg(co)q(ordination)p 1279 1242 V 30 w(services)p Fi(,)g(as)f Fg(routing)p 1653 1242 V 29 w(queries)383 1288 y Fi(for)g(a)g Fg(customer)p Fi(.)21 b(A)14 b(facilitator)i(ma)o(y)e(create)h(a)g Fg(con\014guration)p Fi(.)20 b(By)14 b(de\014nition,)i(facili-)383 1337 y(tators)e(are)h(required)g(to)f(accept)h(run)o(time)g(submissions)h(of) 389 1388 y(1)d Fg(metadata)h Fi(and)f Fg(metainformation)p Fi(,)h(i.e.,)f Fg(on)o(tologies)p Fi(,)i(ab)q(out)e Fg(resources)389 1438 y Fi(2)g(logical)i(statemen)o(ts)g(relating)h(disparate)f(concepts)h (\(usually)f(de\014nitions\))389 1488 y(3)e(represen)o(tation)k(and)c(la)o(y) o(out)h(format)f(descriptions.)375 1539 y(F)m(acilitators)h(are)f(exp)q (ected)i(to)d(use)i(this)f(enco)q(ded)h Fg(kno)o(wledge)g Fi(to)e(automate)h (the)g(lo)q(cat-)383 1589 y(ing,)f Fg(accessing)p Fi(,)i(con)o(v)o(erting,)f Fg(translating)p Fi(,)h(or)e Fg(routing)g Fi(of)g Fg(information)p Fi(.)17 b(F)m(or)12 b(example,)383 1638 y(when)18 b(a)f(new)h Fg(resource)i Fi(b)q(ecomes)f(a)o(v)n(ailable,)g(a)e(facilitator)i(will)g (exp)q(ect)g(a)f(mac)o(hine-)383 1688 y(pro)q(cessable)f(description)g(of)d (the)h(new)f(resource,)i(whic)o(h)g(m)o(ust)e(b)q(e)h(coheren)o(t)h(with)f (the)383 1738 y(existing)h(description)h(used)f(b)o(y)e(the)h(facilitator.)22 b(Then)15 b(the)g(facilitator)h(can)f(in)o(tegrate)383 1788 y(the)h(new)f(resource,)i(or)f(elide)h(an)e(existing)i(one,)e(and)g(the)h Fg(consumer)g Fi(can)f(b)q(e)h(immedi-)383 1838 y(ately)f(serv)o(ed)g(with)f (the)h(new)f(resource)i([GeneserethS:93].)300 1897 y(glue)21 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)21 b(Soft)o(w)o(are)g(or)f Fg(rule)p Fi(s)i(needed)g(to)e (link)h Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s)g(or)g(to)f Fg(in)o(terop)q(erate)i Fi(among)383 1947 y(distinct)16 b Fg(domain)p Fi(s.)300 2006 y(information)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(data)e Fi(useful)i(to)f(a)g Fg(customer)h Fi([ShannonW:48].)300 2065 y(in)o(terop)q(eration)k Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b Fg(customer)p 811 2069 V 36 w(service)p Fi(s)i(e\013ectiv)o(ely)g(com)o(bining)e(m)o(ultiple)i Fg(resource)p Fi(s)g(and)383 2115 y Fg(domain)p Fi(s)14 b([W:94];)d(requires)16 b Fg(in)o(terop)q(erabili)q(t)o(y)p Fi(.)300 2174 y(kno)o(wledge)k Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b Fg(metadata)p Fi(,)g Fg(relationship)p Fi(s)i(among)c(terms,)j Fg(constrain)o(t)f(rules)p Fi(,)i(pro)q(cessing)383 2224 y(paradigms,)14 b(.)k(.)f(.)h(,)c(needed)h(to)f(transform)g Fg(data)f Fi(in)o(to)h Fg(information)p Fi(.)300 2283 y(la)o(y)o(ers)19 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)19 b(conceptual,)i(gross)d(categorization)i(of)e Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s)h(and)f Fg(to)q(ol)p Fi(s)h(in)g(a)e Fg(con\014gu-)383 2333 y(ration)p Fi(.)27 b(The)18 b(I3)e Fg(arc)o(hitecture) k Fi(distinguishes)g(three)e(suc)o(h)g(la)o(y)o(ers,)g(eac)o(h)f(pro)o (viding)h(a)383 2383 y(distinct)e(category)f(of)e Fg(services)p Fi(:)21 b(\(1\))14 b Fg(customer)p 1161 2387 V 31 w(application)p Fi(s,)h(\(2\))f Fg(co)q(ordination)i Fi(and)383 2432 y Fg(mediation)p Fi(,)e(and,)g(\(3\))f Fg(access)j Fi(to)e(base)g Fg(resources)p Fi(,)i(whic)o(h)f(ma)o(y)e(require)j Fg(wrapping)p Fi(.)300 2492 y(lev)o(el)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(a)f(conceptual)h(categorization,)g (where)g Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s)g(at)f(a)g(lo)o(w)o(er)g(lev)o(el)h(dep)q(end)g (on)f(their)383 2541 y Fg(ancestors)i Fi(at)e(a)g(higher)i(lev)o(el,)f(as)g (de\014ned)g(b)o(y)f(the)h(structure)i(of)c(an)i Fg(on)o(tology)e Fi(or)i(other)383 2591 y Fg(metadata)p Fi(.)p eop %%Page: 103 3 2 bop 300 275 a Fd(I3)12 b(GLOSSAR)m(Y)1200 b Fe(103)300 416 y Fi(mediation)19 b(services)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)19 b(co)o(v)o(ers)g Fg(v)n(alue)p Fi(-)p Fg(added)g Fi(pro)q(cessing)i(on)d Fg(query)g Fi(text)h(and)f(resulting)383 466 y Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(,)k(as)d(query)i Fg(reform)o(ulation)f Fi(and)g Fg(distribution)p Fi(;)k(and)c Fg(\014lter)p Fi(ing,)j Fg(in)o(tegrating)p Fi(,)383 516 y(and)17 b Fg(pro)q(cessing)i Fi(the)f Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)g Fi(of)e(the)i(resulting)h (data,)e(generating)h(new,)g(denser,)h(or)383 565 y(more)14 b(relev)n(an)o(t)h Fg(information)p Fi(.)300 628 y(mediator)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)f Fi(to)g(pro)o(vide)h Fg(mediation)p 1142 632 2 34 v 33 w(service)p Fi(s)i(in)e(resp)q(onse)h(to)e (a)g Fg(customer)p Fi(.)383 678 y(The)j(managemen)o(t)f(of)g(a)h(mediator,)g (its)h(programs)e(and)h(its)g Fg(kno)o(wledge-base)h Fi(is)g(the)383 728 y(resp)q(onsibili)q(t)o(y)12 b(of)d(a)h(h)o(uman)f Fg(o)o(wner)p Fi(.)17 b(`A)9 b(mediator)h(is)h(a)e(soft)o(w)o(are)h(mo)q(dule)g(that)g (exploits)383 778 y(enco)q(ded)15 b(kno)o(wledge)e(ab)q(out)g(certain)i(sets) f(or)g(subsets)g(of)f(data)g(to)g(create)h(information)383 828 y(for)i(a)f(higher)i(la)o(y)o(er)g(of)e(applications.')25 b(..)f(`It)15 b(should)i(b)q(e)g(small)f(and)g(simple,)h(so)f(that)383 877 y(it)e(can)f(b)q(e)h(main)o(tained)g(b)o(y)f(one)g(exp)q(ert)i(or,)e(at)g (most,)f(a)h(small)h(and)f(coheren)o(t)i(group)e(of)383 927 y(exp)q(erts')i([W:92c].)h(The)f(mediator,)f(as)g(directed)i(b)o(y)d(its)i Fg(o)o(wner)p Fi(,)f(tries)i(to)389 979 y(1)d(assure)i(stable)g(deliv)o(ery)h (of)d Fg(services)p Fi(,)k(ev)o(en)d(when)h Fg(resources)h Fi(c)o(hange)389 1032 y(2)d(assess)j Fg(heterogenit)o(y)f Fi(of)f Fg(resources)i Fi(and)e(main)o(tains)g Fg(to)q(ols)h Fi(to)e(resolv)o(e)j (them)389 1084 y(3)d Fg(in)o(tegrate)p 597 1088 V 31 w(information)h Fi(from)f(m)o(ultiple)j Fg(resources)p Fi(.)389 1136 y(4)d(forw)o(ard)h Fg(information)g Fi(matc)o(hing)g(the)g Fg(consumers)p 1254 1140 V 31 w(mo)q(del)p Fi(.)375 1188 y(The)19 b Fg(o)o(wners)g Fi(of)f(mediators)h(tak)o(e)g(on)f(the)h(e\013ort)h(and)e(authorit)o(y)h(for) f(managing)g(the)383 1238 y(information)h(b)q(eing)i(pro)q(duced.)35 b(They)20 b(ma)o(y)e(b)q(e)i(reim)o(bursed)h(for)e(the)h Fg(v)n(alue-added) 383 1288 y Fi(information)14 b Fg(services)j Fi(b)q(eing)e(pro)o(vided.)k (They)c(should)f(b)q(e)h(resp)q(onsiv)o(e)h(to)e(c)o(hanges)h(in)383 1338 y(needs,)g(en)o(vironmen)o(ts,)f(and)g(resources)i(to)e(remain)h(comp)q (etitiv)o(e)h([WEA:90].)300 1401 y(metadata)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)21 b(descriptiv)o(e)i Fg(information)c Fi(ab)q(out)h Fg(data)f Fi(in)h(a)g Fg(resource)p Fi(,)i(includes)h Fg(domain)383 1451 y Fi(assignmen)o(t,)14 b Fg(o)o(wnership)p Fi(,)h Fg(access)h Fi(restrictions,)g Fg(database)p 1338 1455 V 30 w(mo)q(del)p Fi(.)300 1513 y(metainformation)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(descriptiv)o(e)j Fg(information)c Fi(ab)q(out)h Fg(service)p Fi(s,)i(base)e Fg(information)p Fi(,)g(and)383 1563 y Fg(resources)p Fi(,)g(as)e Fg(o)o(wner)p Fi(,)g Fg(on)o(tology)f Fi(used,)h(represen)o(tation,)i (capabilities,)h(cost,)d(etc.)300 1626 y(metakno)o(wledge)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(descriptiv)o(e)h Fg(information)e Fi(ab)q(out)f(the)h Fg(kno)o(wledge)h Fi(in)f(a)f Fg(resource)p Fi(,)i(can)383 1676 y(include)e(the)f(description)i(of)d(the)h Fg(on)o(tology)p Fi(,)f(its)h Fg(domain)f Fi(co)o(v)o(erage,)h Fg(o)o(wnership)p Fi(,)h Fg(access)383 1726 y Fi(restrictions,)j(represen)o(tation)f([Nec)o (hesFF)o(GPS:91].)300 1789 y(mo)q(del)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(formal)f(description)i(of)d(capabilit)o(y)j(of)d Fg(resource)j Fi(or)e(needs)h(of)e Fg(customer)p Fi(.)300 1852 y(query)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(request)h(b)o(y)d Fg(customer)i Fi(for)f(named)g Fg(information)p Fi(,)f(pro)q(duces)j Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(s.)300 1915 y(reference)g(arc)o(hitecture)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(a)f(guideline)i (and)e Fg(constrain)o(t)h(rule)p Fi(s)g(for)f(an)f Fg(arc)o(hitecture)p Fi(.)300 1978 y(resource)22 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)21 b(accessible)i Fg(database)p Fi(,)e Fg(ob)r(ject)g(serv)o(er)p Fi(,)h Fg(sim)o(ulation)p Fi(,)g Fg(kno)o(wledge-base)p Fi(,)g(etc.,)383 2027 y(pro)o(vided)15 b(b)o(y)e(a)h Fg(serv)o(er)p Fi(.)300 2090 y(service)k Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(function)h(pro)o(vided)f(b)o(y)f(a)h Fg(to)q(ol)f Fi(in)i(a)e Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)h Fi(for)f(a)g Fg(customer)p Fi(,)i(directly)g(or)383 2140 y(indirectly)m(.)300 2203 y(text)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b Fg(data)p Fi(,)e Fg(information)p Fi(,)h(or)g Fg(kno)o(wledge)g Fi(in)g(relativ)o(ely)i(unformatted)d(or)h(semi-formal)383 2253 y(c)o(haracter-based)f(represen)o(tation.)300 2316 y(to)q(ols)11 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)11 b(soft)o(w)o(are)f(programs)g(that)g(implemen)o(ts)h Fg(service)p Fi(s,)i(t)o(ypically)f Fg(domain-indep)q(enden)o(t)p Fi(.)300 2379 y(wrapp)q(er)18 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b Fg(to)q(ol)g Fi(to)f Fg(access)i Fi(kno)o(wn)e Fg(resource)p Fi(s)i(and)f Fg(translate)g Fi(their)h Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s)f([F)m(ranc)o(hit-)383 2429 y(tiKB:94].)300 2492 y(wrapping)e(services)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b(co)o(v)o(ers)g(the)f(use)h(of)e Fg(wrapp)q(er)i Fi(and)f(simliar)h Fg(to)q(ol)p Fi(s)g(whic)o(h)f(adapt)g(in-)383 2541 y(terfaces)e(of)e Fg(legacy)p 703 2545 V 27 w(resource)p Fi(s)j(to)d(conform)g(with)h Fg(access)i Fi(standards)e(and)f(con)o(v)o(en)o (tions)383 2591 y(used)j(in)f Fg(mediation)h Fi(and)f Fg(co)q(ordination)p Fi(.)p eop %%Page: 104 4 3 bop 300 275 a Fe(104)1106 b Fd(GIO)11 b(WIEDERHOLD)300 416 y Ff(2.)48 b(Services)300 527 y Fi(Service)18 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(conceptual)i(functionalit)o(y)f(pro)o(vided)f(directly)i(or)e (indirectly)m(,)i(for)d(a)g Fg(customer)383 577 y Fi(b)o(y)f(one)g(or)g(more) g Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s.)k(No)c(sp)q(eci\014c)i(implemen)o(tation)g(is)e (implied.)300 628 y(W)m(e)g(fo)q(cus)h(here)h(on)f(services)i(visible)g(to)e (the)g Fg(customer)p Fi(.)22 b(Alternativ)o(e)17 b Fg(con\014guration)p Fi(s)e(ma)o(y)300 677 y(pac)o(k)n(age)f Fg(service)p Fi(s)i(di\013eren)o(tly) g(and)e(render)i(them)e(less)h(visible.)300 751 y(abstraction)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(service)i(to)d(reduce)i Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)f Fi(v)o(olume)f(b)o(y)g(bringing)i Fg(information)e Fi(to)g(a)g(higher)383 801 y Fg(lev)o(el)16 b Fi([W:92a].)300 861 y(access)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(lo)q(cating,)f(retriev)n(al)i(or)e(up)q(date)g(of)f Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s)i(in)g Fg(resource)p Fi(s)h(for)d Fg(query)p Fi(,)h Fg(up)q(date)p Fi(,)g(or)383 911 y(analysis)h([P)o(astorMF:92].)300 971 y(activ)o(eness)22 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b(the)g(abilit)o(y)h(to)f (trigger)g(actions)h(due)f(to)f(an)g(up)q(date)h Fg(ev)o(en)o(t)p Fi(,)i(as)d(notify)h(a)383 1021 y Fg(subscrib)q(er)d Fi(of)c Fg(ev)o(en)o(t)p Fi(s)i(or)f(cause)h(secondary)g(up)q(dates)g ([SeligmanK:93].)300 1081 y(added-)p Fg(v)n(alue)20 b Fi(service)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b(pro)o(vides)h Fg(information)e Fi(whic)o(h)i(is)f(more)f (relev)n(an)o(t)i(or)e(easier)i(to)383 1131 y(assimilate,)15 b(for)f(a)g(cost)g(whic)o(h)h(is)g(p)q(oten)o(tially)g(c)o(hargeable)h ([W:95l].)300 1191 y(adv)o(ertising)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)19 b Fg(resource)g Fi(or)f Fg(mediator)p 974 1195 2 34 v 37 w(mo)q(del)g Fi(presen)o(tation)h(to)e(a)g Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)h Fi(or)g Fg(cus-)383 1241 y(tomer)p Fi(.)300 1301 y(asso)q(ciation)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b(inclusion)h(of)d(additional)j Fg(information)e Fi(not)g(explicitly)j(requested)f(b)o(y)e(the)383 1351 y Fg(customer)e Fi(but)f(assumed)h(to)e(b)q(e)i(relev)n(an)o(t)g(due)f(to)g(its)h Fg(relationship)p Fi(s.)300 1411 y(brok)o(ering)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(a)e Fg(co)q(ordination)p 815 1415 V 31 w(service)j Fi(to)e(\014nd)g(the)g(b)q(est)h Fg(resource)p Fi(s.)300 1471 y(bro)o(wsing)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(service)p Fi(s)i(to)d(supp)q(ort)g Fg(customer)h Fi(driv)o(en)g Fg(resource)p 1352 1475 V 32 w(disco)o(v)o(ery)p Fi(.)300 1531 y(cac)o(hing)20 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)19 b(holding)h Fg(information)e Fi(at)h(in)o(termediate)i Fg(lev)o(el)f Fi(to)f(impro)o(v)o (e)g(p)q(erformance)g(or)383 1581 y(resolv)o(e)c Fg(temp)q(oral)g(mismatc)o (h)p Fi(es.)300 1641 y(concurrency)20 b(con)o(trol)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b(assuring)f(sync)o(hron)o(y)g(of)f Fg(up)q(date)p Fi(s)h(to)f Fg(resource)p Fi(s,)k(t)o(ypically)d(as-)383 1691 y(signed)c(to)f(a)f Fg(transaction)j(managemen)o(t)d Fi(system.)300 1751 y(con\014guration)g(to)q(ol)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(program)d(used)j(in)e Fg(co)q(ordination)i Fi(to)e(help)h(select)i(and)d(arrange)h Fg(com-)383 1801 y(p)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s)i(in)o(to)f(a)g(sp)q(eci\014c)i (instance)g(of)d(an)g Fg(arc)o(hitectural)p 1311 1805 V 33 w(con\014guration)p Fi(.)300 1861 y(con)o(ten)o(t)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(results)j(pro)q(duced)e(b)o(y)e Fg(resource)j Fi(in)f(resp)q (onse)g(to)f Fg(queries)p Fi(,)i(often)d(v)o(oluminous.)300 1921 y(con)o(ten)o(t)g(analysis)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(pro)q(cessing)g(of)e (text)h Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s)h(to)f(create)h Fg(information)p Fi(,)e(as)h Fg(abstract)p Fi(s)g(or)383 1971 y Fg(index)p Fi(es)j([W:93].)300 2031 y(description)c(services)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)11 b(meta)e Fg(service)p Fi(s)j(that)e(inform)f Fg(customers)i Fi(ab)q(out)e Fg(service)p Fi(s,)k Fg(resource)p Fi(s)383 2081 y(etc.,)h(as)g Fg(explanation)p Fi(,)g Fg(resource)i(disco)o(v)o(ery)p Fi(,)f Fg(impact)f(assessmen)o(t)p Fi(.)300 2141 y(directory)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b Fg(service)h Fi(to)e(lo)q(cate)h(and)f(assess)i(a)o(v)n(ailable)e Fg(resource)p Fi(s)j(and)d Fg(service)p Fi(s,)i(as)e Fg(white)383 2191 y(pages)p Fi(,)f Fg(y)o(ello)o(w)g(pages)p Fi(,)g(etc.)300 2251 y(resource)i(disco)o(v)o(ery)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(service)h Fi(searc)o(hing)g(for)d Fg(resource)p Fi(s,)j(complemen)o(ts)f Fg(adv)o(ertising)p Fi(.)300 2311 y(estimator)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)19 b(lo)o(w-)p Fg(lev)o(el)p 719 2315 V 37 w(service)h Fi(whic)o(h)e(predicts)i Fg(cost)e Fi(and/or)e(p)q(erformance)j(based)f(on) 383 2361 y Fg(mo)q(del)p Fi(,)c(statistics,)i(or)e(sampling.)300 2421 y(explanation)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b(a)e Fg(mediation)p 816 2425 V 34 w(service)k Fi(to)c(presen)o(t)j Fg(mo)q(del)p Fi(s)f(and)e Fg(metadata)h Fi(of)f Fg(resources)383 2471 y Fi(and)f(pro)q(cesses)i(used)f(or)f(a)o(v)n(ailable)h(to)e Fg(customer)p Fi(;)i(ma)o(y)e(in)o(v)o(ok)o(e)h Fg(impact)g(assessmen)o(t)p Fi(.)300 2531 y(\014ltering)d Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)11 b(a)e Fg(mediation)p 720 2535 V 21 w(services)j Fi(to)e(impro)o(v)o(e)f(relev)n(ance)j(of)c Fg(query)p 1406 2535 V 22 w(con)o(ten)o(t)p 1561 2535 V 21 w(information)p Fi(.)300 2591 y(fusion)14 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(in)o(tegration)g Fi(as)f(commonly)g(applied)h(to)f(sensor)h(data)e(and)h (images.)p eop %%Page: 105 5 4 bop 300 275 a Fd(I3)12 b(GLOSSAR)m(Y)1200 b Fe(105)300 416 y Fi(impact)19 b(assessmen)o(t)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)19 b Fg(service)p Fi(s)j(whic)o(h)d(rep)q(orts)h(whic)o(h)f Fg(resource)p Fi(s)i(will)f(b)q(e)f (a\013ected)h(b)o(y)383 466 y Fg(queries)c Fi(or)e Fg(up)q(date)p Fi(s.)300 524 y(indexing)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(creation)g(of)f(lists)h(to)f Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s)h(\(an)f(index\))h(to)f(sp)q(eed-up)h Fg(access)p 1557 528 2 34 v 31 w(service)p Fi(s.)300 582 y(in)o(tegration)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(a)f Fg(mediation)p 784 586 V 25 w(service)j Fi(to)d(com)o(bine)h(in)o(termediate)i Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(s)e(from)f(m)o (ultiple,)383 632 y(often)j(heterogeneous)i Fg(resource)p Fi(s.)300 690 y(mediator)d(instan)o(tiation)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(p)q(opulate)f(a)g Fg(domain-indep)q(enden)o(t)p 1355 694 V 28 w(mediation)p 1562 694 V 28 w(service)p 1710 694 V 29 w(to)q(ol)383 740 y Fi(with)i Fg(domain-sp)q(eci\014c)p 770 744 V 31 w(kno)o(wledge)p Fi(.)300 798 y(matc)o(hmaking)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(a)f Fg(co)q(ordination)p 889 802 V 30 w(service)j Fi(relating)e Fg(subscrib)q(e)p Fi(rs)i(to)d Fg(adv)o(ertise)p Fi(rs.)300 856 y(mo)q(del)d(managemen)o(t)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(a)e Fg(mediation)p 934 860 V 24 w(service)j Fi(to)e(allo)o(w)g Fg(customer)p Fi(s)h(and)e Fg(mediator)i(o)o(wner)p Fi(s)383 906 y(to)i Fg(up)q(date)p 573 910 V 30 w(mo)q(del)p Fi(s.)300 964 y(monitoring)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b(observing)f Fg(resource)h Fi(or)e Fg(virtual)h(data)f Fi(and)g(creating)h(a)f Fg(triggering)i Fi(action)383 1014 y(when)c Fg(state)h Fi(c)o(hanges)g(o)q (ccur.)300 1072 y(m)o(ulti-state)d(services)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(create,)g Fg(access)p Fi(,)h(monitor,)e(and)f(manipulate)i Fg(state)f Fi(of)f(virtual)i(data.)300 1130 y(optimization)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b(rearranging)g(and/or)f Fg(sc)o(heduling)j Fi(pro)q(cessing)f(of)e(a)g Fg(query)h Fi(to)g(reduce)h Fg(cost)383 1180 y Fi(or)g Fg(rep)q(onse)p Fi(-time.)300 1238 y(pro)q(cessing)20 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b(in)e Fg(mediating)p 814 1242 V 39 w(services)j Fi(manipulates)f(obtained)f Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(s,)h(t)o(ypically)f(to)383 1288 y(increase)i Fg(information)e Fi(densit)o(y)h(and)e Fg(relev)n(ance)p Fi(,)j(as)e Fg(in)o(tegration)p Fi(,)i Fg(\014ltering)p Fi(,)g(con)o(ten)o(t) 383 1337 y(analysis,)14 b(summarization,)f(seeking)i(exceptions)g(v)o(ersus)f (a)e Fg(user)p 1431 1341 V 29 w(mo)q(del)p Fi(,)h Fg(abstraction)p Fi(,)383 1387 y(etc)300 1445 y(query)18 b(decomp)q(osition)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b(determine)i(subsidiary)f Fg(queries)h Fi(to)e Fg(matc)o(h)f Fi(a)o(v)n(ailable)i Fg(service)p Fi(s)383 1495 y(and/or)14 b Fg(resource)p Fi(s.)300 1553 y(query)g(reform)o(ulation)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(program)e(to)h Fg(optimi)p Fi(ze)h(or)f Fg(relax)p 1268 1557 V 30 w(queries)i Fi([FlorescuR)-5 b(V:95].)300 1611 y(ranking)14 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(a)f Fg(mediation)p 734 1615 V 30 w(service)i Fi(to)e(assign)h Fg(v)n(alue)p Fi(s)f(to)g Fg(retriev)o(ed)p 1406 1615 V 32 w(con)o(ten)o(t)p 1569 1615 V 30 w(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s.)300 1670 y(reasoning)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(metho)q(d)f(used)h(in)f Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p 1046 1674 V 30 w(service)p Fi(s)i(to)e(dra)o(w)g(logical)h(inferences.)300 1728 y(relaxation)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b Fg(query)g(reform)o(ulation)h Fi(service)g(to)f(pro)q(duce)h(a)e(relev)n(an)o(t)i(sup)q(erset)g Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)g Fi(for)383 1778 y(a)h Fg(query)p Fi(;)g(ma)o(y)f(use)h(an) g Fg(on)o(tology)f(mapping)h Fi([Ch)o(uMB:93].)300 1836 y(routing)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b(a)f Fg(co)q(ordination)p 786 1840 V 36 w(service)j Fi(to)d(lo)q(cate)i(and)e(in)o(v)o(ok)o(e)g Fg(resources)j Fi(and)d Fg(mediation)p 1793 1840 V 383 1885 a(service)p Fi(,)g(create)f(a)f Fg(con\014guration)g Fi(dynamically;)h(will)g(use)g(a)e Fg(directory)p Fi(.)300 1944 y(sc)o(heduling)18 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(a)f Fg(co)q(ordination)p 839 1948 V 34 w(service)j Fi(to)d(determine)j(order)e (of)f(in)o(v)o(o)q(cation)h(of)f Fg(accesses)383 1993 y Fi(and)e(other)h Fg(service)p Fi(s;)i(optimal)d(sc)o(heduling)j(is)e(often)f(based)h(on)f (their)i Fg(estimated)p 1691 1997 V 29 w(cost)p Fi(s)383 2043 y(or)f Fg(price)p Fi(s.)300 2101 y(seman)o(tic)h(indexing)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(indexing)g Fi(using)g(indirect)h(terms)f(via)f(an)g Fg(on)o(tology)p Fi(.)300 2159 y(spatial)h(matc)o(h)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(a)f Fg(mediation)p 844 2163 V 31 w(service)i Fi(to)e(recognize)j (and)d(resolv)o(e)h(di\013erences)j(distance)383 2209 y(measures)d(and)f Fg(gran)o(ularit)p Fi(ies)i(in)e Fg(resource)p 1091 2213 V 32 w(data)p Fi(.)300 2267 y(subscription)19 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b(request)g(b)o(y)e(a)g Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)h Fi(or)g Fg(customer)g Fi(to)g(b)q(e)g(informed)g(of)f(an)g Fg(ev)o(en)o(t)p Fi(,)383 2317 y(similar)f(to)f(a)g(stored)h Fg(query)p Fi(.)300 2375 y(summarization)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(service)h(to)e(aggregate)f Fg(data)h Fi(in)o(to)g(higher)h Fg(lev)o(el)p 1410 2379 V 31 w(ob)r(jects)p Fi(.)300 2433 y(temp)q(oral)e(matc)o(h)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b(a)f Fg(mediation)p 879 2437 V 28 w(service)j Fi(to)d(recognize)j (and)d(resolv)o(e)i Fg(time-stamp)f Fi(di\013er-)383 2483 y(ences)j(in)e Fg(resource)p 702 2487 V 31 w(data)p Fi(.)300 2541 y(text)f(pro)q(cessing)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(a)e Fg(mediation)p 862 2545 V 27 w(service)j Fi(whic)o(h)e(op)q(erates)h(on)e Fg(text)p Fi(,)h(as)f Fg(searc)o(h)p Fi(,)i Fg(indexing)p Fi(,)383 2591 y Fg(categorization)p Fi(,)h Fg(editingf)p Fi(,)g(sp)q(elling)h(correction,)g Fg(translation)p Fi(,)e Fg(domain)g Fi(adaptation.)p eop %%Page: 106 6 5 bop 300 275 a Fe(106)1106 b Fd(GIO)11 b(WIEDERHOLD)300 416 y Fi(transaction)h(service)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b Fg(service)i Fi(to)d(assure)h(temp)q(oral)g(consistency)i(of)c Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(s,)j(p)q(erformed)383 466 y(b)o(y)h Fg(transaction)h(managemen)o(t)p Fi(.)300 525 y(translation)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(transforming)f(data)g(in)o (to)h(the)g(form)e(and)i(syn)o(tax)f(required)i(b)o(y)e(the)h(receiving)383 575 y Fg(consumer)j Fi([HammerGIPUW:95].)300 634 y(up)q(dating)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(transmitting)g Fg(data)f Fi(c)o(hanges)h(to)f(the)h Fg(resource)p Fi(s,)h(requires)h Fg(transaction)e Fi(con-)383 683 y(trol.)j(W)m(e)13 b(do)h(not)g(assume)g(that)g(all)h(up)q(dates)g(\015o) o(w)e(through)h Fg(co)q(ordination)h Fi(and)f Fg(medi-)383 733 y(ation)p 489 737 2 34 v 30 w(la)o(y)o(ers)p Fi(,)g(but)g(rather)h(that)f (most)f(up)q(dates)i(are)g(lo)q(cal)g(to)e(the)i Fg(resource)p Fi(s.)300 792 y(white)g(pages)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(directory)h(service)g Fi(to)e(lo)q(cate)h(individuals.)300 851 y(y)o(ello)o(w)g(pages)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(directory)g(service)i Fi(to)c(lo)q(cate)j (businesses.)300 985 y Ff(3.)48 b(Resources)300 1095 y Fi(Resource)16 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(access)p Fi(ible)i Fg(database)p Fi(,)d Fg(sim)o(ulation)p Fi(,)h Fg(kno)o(wledge)g(base)p Fi(,)g(.)k(.)g(.,) 13 b(includes)k Fg(legacy)383 1145 y Fi(resources.)333 1195 y(Resources)f(enable)f(the)f(implemen)o(tation)i(of)d(I3)h(systems.)300 1267 y(activ)o(e)h(database)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(database)f Fi(whic)o(h)h(exhibits)h Fg(activ)o(eness)p Fi(.)300 1326 y(ancestor)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(ob)r(ject)g Fi(at)e(a)h(higher)h(lev)o(el,)g(source)g (of)e(inheritable)k(attributes.)300 1385 y(c)o(hange)d Fg(state)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(caused)g(b)o(y)e(an)h Fg(up)q(date)p Fi(,)g(insert,)h (delete)h(action.)300 1444 y(cost)10 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)11 b(price)g(of)e(pro) o(viding)h(a)g Fg(service)h Fi(or)f Fg(access)p Fi(ing)i(an)d Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(;)i(can)f(include)i(size)f(of)e Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(.)300 1503 y(database)14 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(resource)h Fi(comprising)f(a)f(collection)i(of)e Fg(data)f Fi(with)i(a)e(descriptiv)o(e) k Fg(sc)o(hema)p Fi(.)300 1562 y(database)d(mo)q(del)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(formalized)h(description)i(of)c Fg(database)p 1286 1566 V 30 w(resource)p Fi(,)i(includes)i Fg(sc)o(hema)p Fi(.)300 1621 y(deductiv)o(e)i(database)d Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b Fg(database)f Fi(able)g(to)g(handle)g(logical)h Fg(rule)p Fi(s)g(and)f(pro)q(cess)h Fg(data)e Fi(ac-)383 1671 y(cordingly)m(.)300 1730 y(dictionary)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(listing)h(of)d(terms,)h(expanded)h Fg(index)p Fi(,)f(part)g(of)g(an)f Fg(on)o(tology)p Fi(.)300 1789 y(ev)o(en)o(t)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(reason)h(for)e(c)o(hange)i(in)f Fg(state)h Fi(within)g(a)f Fg(resource)h Fi(or)f Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(.)300 1848 y(heterogeneit)o(y)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b(the)e(mismatc)o(h)h (found)f(in)g(autonomous)g Fg(resource)p Fi(s)i(and)e Fg(service)p Fi(s,)j(ma)o(y)d(b)q(e)383 1898 y(found)k(among)f(computing)i(platforms,)f (op)q(erating)i(systems,)f Fg(database)g Fi(systems)h(and)383 1947 y Fg(mo)q(dels)p Fi(,)11 b(data)f(represen)o(tations,)k Fg(concepts)p Fi(,)e Fg(on)o(tolog)p Fi(ies,)f Fg(seman)o(tic)p Fi(s,)h(scop)q(e)g(of)d(abstract)383 1997 y Fg(ob)r(jects)p Fi(,)15 b(and)e Fg(pro)q(cessing)j Fi(paradigms)e([DeMic)o(hiel:89].)300 2056 y(hierarc)o(h)o(y)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b Fg(mo)q(del)f Fi(structure)i(whic)o(h)f(assigns)g Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s)g(to)f Fg(lev)o(el)p Fi(s,)h(and)f(de\014nes)h(for)f(eac)o(h)383 2106 y Fg(ob)r(ject)f Fi(a)e(single)j Fg(ancestor)p Fi(.)300 2165 y(historical)23 b(data)d Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)22 b Fg(temp)q(oral)f Fi(arranged)g Fg(data)p Fi(.)37 b(Suc)o(h)21 b(data)f(is)i(not)e Fg(up)q(dated)h Fi(with)h(b)o(y)383 2215 y(c)o(hanging)14 b(v)n(alues;)g(new) h(data)e(is)i(only)f Fg(time-stamp)q(ed)h Fi(and)f(app)q(ended.)300 2274 y(in)o(terop)q(erability)19 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b(the)g(capabilit)o(y)h (to)f Fg(in)o(terop)q(erate)p Fi(;)i(critical)g(at)e(the)g Fg(transp)q(ort)p 1678 2278 V 35 w(la)o(y)o(er)p Fi(,)383 2324 y(dep)q(ends)f(on)d Fg(standards)i Fi(and)f Fg(mediation)g Fi(to)g(resolv)o(e)h Fg(heterogeneitie)q(s)p Fi(.)300 2383 y(kno)o(wledge)g(base)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(resource)i Fi(comprising)f(a)e(collection)k(of)c(mac)o(hine-pro)q(cessable)j Fg(kno)o(wl-)383 2432 y(edge)p Fi(,)d(often)g(in)h(the)f(form)f(of)g Fg(rules)j Fi(and)e Fg(metadata)p Fi(;)f(enabling)i Fg(access)p Fi(ing)h(and)e(compu-)383 2482 y(tation)g(o)o(v)o(er)g Fg(databases)h Fi(or)f(other)g Fg(resources)p Fi(.)300 2541 y(legacy)h(resources)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(pre-existing)i(or)d(autonomous)f Fg(resources)p Fi(,)j(not)e(designed)i(to)d Fg(in)o(terop-)383 2591 y(erate)i Fi(within)g(a)f(general)h(and)e(\015exible)j Fg(arc)o(hitecture)p Fi(.)p eop %%Page: 107 7 6 bop 300 275 a Fd(I3)12 b(GLOSSAR)m(Y)1200 b Fe(107)300 416 y Fi(metadata)13 b(rep)q(ository)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(database)f Fi(con)o(taining)h Fg(metadata)e Fi(and/or)h Fg(metainformation)p Fi(.)300 475 y(net)o(w)o(ork)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(mo)q(del)f Fi(structure)i(with)f(arbitrary)g Fg(relationship)p Fi(s)h(among)d Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s)300 534 y(ob)r(ject)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(an)f(iden)o(ti\014ed)i(instance)g(or)e(abstraction)h(in)g(a)f Fg(resource)p Fi(,)i Fg(customer)p 1575 538 2 34 v 28 w(mo)q(del)p Fi(,)f(or)f(a)383 584 y Fg(to)q(ol)p Fi(;)h(has)g Fg(v)n(alue)p Fi(s)g(for)g(its)h(attributes.)300 643 y(ob)r(ject)g Fg(serv)o(er)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(pro)o(vider)g(of)e Fg(data)p 907 647 V 29 w(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s)i([QianR:95].)300 703 y(o)o(wner)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b(individual)i(or)d(organization)i(who)e(created)i(or)e(obtained)i (righ)o(ts)f(to)f(an)h Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(,)g(/I)383 752 y Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t) p Fi(,)h(or)g Fg(service)p Fi(,)h(and)f(ma)o(y)f(deriv)o(e)i(income)g(from)e (it.)300 812 y(o)o(wner)i(of)g(service)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(authorized)g(individual)h(or)f(organization)f(resp)q(onsible)k(for)14 b(pro)o(vided)383 861 y Fg(service)p Fi(s.)300 921 y(price)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(c)o(harges)h(for)f(a)f Fg(service)p Fi(,)j(includes)h Fg(cost)p Fi(,)d(o)o(v)o(erhead,)f(and)h(pro\014t.)300 980 y(restructuring)21 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b(rearranging)h(data)f(according)g (to)g(an)g(alternate)h Fg(hierarc)o(h)o(y)g Fi(or)f Fg(ob)r(ject)p 1793 984 V 383 1030 a(mo)q(del)300 1089 y Fi(ro)q(ot)c(ob)r(ject)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(the)h(ultimate)g Fg(ancestor)p Fi(.)300 1148 y(rule)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(a)f(logical)h(statemen)o(t,)f(unit)h(of)e (pro)q(cessable)k Fg(kno)o(wledge)p Fi(.)300 1207 y(rule)c(managemen)o(t)e (system)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b Fg(domain-indep)q(enden)o(t)g Fi(soft)o(w)o(are)f(to)f(collect,)j(select,)g(and)d(act)383 1257 y(on)j Fg(rule)p Fi(s.)300 1316 y(sc)o(hema)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(listing)h(of)d Fg(database)i Fi(relations,)h(attributes,)g(and,)e (optionally)m(,)h Fg(class)p Fi(es,)h Fg(relation-)383 1366 y(ship)p Fi(s,)i Fg(constrain)o(t)p Fi(s,)g(limits,)g(other)f Fg(metadata)p Fi(.)k(Basis)d(for)f(a)g Fg(resource)p 1526 1370 V 31 w(on)o(tology)p Fi(.)300 1425 y(sim)o(ulation)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(resource)i Fi(able)f(to)e(generate)i(h)o(yp)q(othetical)g Fg(data)f Fi(or)f Fg(information)p Fi(,)h(often)f(to)383 1475 y(pro)r(ject)h Fg(state)g Fi(in)o(to)f(the)g(future,)g(based)h(on)f(a)f Fg(mo)q(del)p Fi(.)300 1534 y(state)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(an)e(instance)j (or)e(v)o(ersion)h(of)e(a)h Fg(data)f Fi(or)h Fg(information)g Fi(base.)300 1593 y(transaction)21 b(impact)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)21 b(rep)q(orts)g(whic)o(h)g Fg(resource)p Fi(s)h(are)e(a\013ected)i(b)o(y)e(an) f Fg(up)q(date)i Fi(to)f(an)383 1643 y Fg(impact)14 b(assessmen)o(t)p 731 1647 V 32 w(service)p Fi(.)300 1702 y(transaction)g(managemen)o(t)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(assuring)h(that)e(temp)q(oral)h(consistency)i(of)c Fg(database)p Fi(s)i(is)g(not)383 1752 y(compromised)h(b)o(y)e Fg(up)q(date)p Fi(s.)300 1811 y(v)n(alue)k Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)f Fi(metric)h(in)g Fg(customer)f Fi(mo)q(del,)h(as)e (qualit)o(y)m(,)i(relev)n(ance,)h(up-to-dateness,)383 1861 y(cost.)300 1920 y(view)12 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(subset)h(of)e(a)f Fg(database)p 817 1924 V 25 w(constrained)j Fi(to)e(a)g Fg(domain)p Fi(,)g(and)g Fg(restructured)j Fi(as)d(required)383 1970 y([LuMSS:95].)300 2029 y(view-ob)r(ject)17 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b Fg(data)f(ob)r(ject)g Fi(constructed)i(from)e(a)f Fg(database)p 1342 2033 V 34 w(view)h Fi(and)g Fg(mo)q(del)g Fi([Barsa-)383 2079 y(louW:89].)300 2138 y(virtual)f(data)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b Fg(data)g Fi(represen)o(ted)j(b) o(y)c(references)k(and)d(pro)q(cedures.)300 2198 y(w)o(arehouse)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b(a)e Fg(database)g Fi(con)o(taining)i(or)e(pro)o(viding)h Fg(access)h Fi(to)e(selected,)k Fg(abstracted)p Fi(,)e(and)383 2247 y Fg(in)o(tegrated)p 581 2251 V 33 w(data)h Fi(from)h(m)o(ultiple)h Fg(resources)p Fi(;)i(t)o(ypically)e(redundan)o(t)g(with)f(resp)q(ect)i(to) 383 2297 y(the)d(source)h(data,)e(unless)j(the)e(sources)h(do)f(not)f(k)o (eep)i Fg(historical)h Fi(data)d([ZhouHKF:96].)300 2432 y Ff(4.)48 b(On)o(tologie)o(s)300 2541 y Fi(On)o(tology)19 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b(the)g(sp)q(eci\014cation)i(of)c(a)h(conceptualization)j([Grub)q (er:93],)c(i.e.,)i(the)g(set)g(of)383 2591 y(terms)12 b(and)g(their)h Fg(relationships)i Fi(used)d(in)g(a)g Fg(domain)p Fi(,)f(denoting)i(concepts) g(and)f Fg(ob)r(jects)p Fi(.)p eop %%Page: 108 8 7 bop 300 275 a Fe(108)1106 b Fd(GIO)11 b(WIEDERHOLD)300 416 y Fi(On)o(tologies)17 b(encompasse)f(man)o(y)f(earlier)i(notions)f(of)f (descriptiv)o(e)j(data,)d(for)f(example,)i(this)300 466 y(do)q(cumen)o(t)e (for)g(I3,)f Fg(metadata)p Fi(,)p 812 470 2 34 v 29 w Fg(metainformation)p Fi(,)g(and)h Fg(metakno)o(wledge)p Fi(.)300 553 y(concept)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b(term)e(whic)o(h)h(de\014nes)h(an)d Fg(abstract)p 1089 557 V 33 w(ob)r(ject)i Fi(or)f Fg(aggregation)g Fi(of)g Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s,)h(with)383 603 y(its)f Fg(relationship)p Fi(s.)300 663 y(class)k Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)19 b(de\014nes)g Fg(metakno)o(wledge) f Fi(as)f(metho)q(ds,)i(attributes,)h Fg(ancestry)p Fi(,)f(etc.)30 b(for)18 b Fg(ob)r(ject)383 713 y Fi(instances)e(assigned)f(to)f(it.)300 773 y(domain-sp)q(eci\014c)19 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b(scop)q(e)h(constrained)h (to)d(a)g(single)j Fg(domain)p Fi(,)d(assumes)i(coherence,)h(i.e.,)383 823 y(absence)c(of)f Fg(seman)o(tic)h Fi(mismatc)o(hes.)300 884 y(domain-indep)q(enden)o(t)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b(soft)o(w)o(are,)e Fg(to)q(ols)p Fi(,)i(and)e(global)h Fg(kno)o(wledge)g Fi(whic)o(h)g(is)g (applicable)383 933 y(in)d(m)o(ultiple)i Fg(domain)p Fi(s.)300 994 y(editing)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(pro)q(cessing)h(of)e Fg(text)g Fi(to)g(assure)h(conformance)f(with)h(an)e Fg(on)o(tology)p Fi(.)300 1054 y(is-a)20 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b Fg(relationship)p Fi(s.)38 b(among)18 b Fg(class)p Fi(es,)23 b(and)c(hence)i(their)f Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s,)i(whic)o(h)e(inherit)i(at-)383 1104 y(tributes)16 b(from)d(their)i Fg(ancestor)p Fi(s)300 1164 y(matc)o(hing)g(rules)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(statemen)o(ts)g(to)f(de\014ne)h(term)g(equiv)n(alence)h (among)d Fg(domain)p Fi(s,)h(ma)o(y)f(in-)383 1214 y(duce)h Fg(uncertain)o(t)o(y)p Fi(.)300 1274 y(merged)f(on)o(tology)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(on)o(tology)e Fi(created)i(b)o(y)f(com)o(bining)g (sev)o(eral)i Fg(on)o(tolog)p Fi(ies;)e(ma)o(y)e(require)383 1324 y Fg(mapping)p 554 1328 V 29 w(rules)p Fi(.)300 1385 y(on)o(tology)i (algebra)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(set)g(of)f(op)q(erations)h(to)f(ac)o(hiev)o (e)i(comp)q(osable)f Fg(merging)p Fi(,)f(in)o(tersecting,)383 1434 y Fg(subsetting)p Fi(,)h(and)f Fg(mapping)g Fi(of)f Fg(on)o(tolog)p Fi(ies.)300 1495 y(on)o(tology)d(comparator)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b Fg(to)q(ol)f Fi(to)g(determine)h(equiv)n(alence,)i(subsumption,)e(or)e(in)o (tersecti)q(on)383 1544 y(of)j Fg(on)o(tolog)p Fi(ies;)i(used)f(to)g (determine)i(the)e Fg(rule)p Fi(s)i(needed)f(for)f(their)h Fg(mapping)p Fi(.)300 1605 y(on)o(tology)20 b(mapping)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)21 b(transformation)g(of)e(terms)i(among)f Fg(on)o(tolog)p Fi(ies;)k(uses)d Fg(matc)o(hing)383 1655 y(rules)p Fi(,)15 b(often)f(needed)h(to)f(link)h Fg(customer)p Fi(s)g(to)f Fg(resource)p Fi(s.)300 1715 y(sc)o(hema)g(transformation)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(adaptation)f(of)f(a)h Fg(sc)o(hema)g Fi(to)g(an)g(alternate)h Fg(on)o(tology)p Fi(.)300 1775 y(relationship)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b(link)n(age)f(among)f(terms,)h(as)g(reference,)i Fg(is-a)p Fi(,)e(dep)q(endency)m(,)h(part-of,)e(subset,)383 1825 y(deriv)n(ation,)k (etc.;)e(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)i Fg(domain)p Fi(-sp)q(eci\014c.)300 1885 y(seman)o(tic)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(p)q(ertaining)h(to)e(the)g(meaning) h(of)e(a)h(term,)g(often)g(expressed)i(as)e(a)g(set)h(of)f Fg(rela-)383 1935 y(tionship)p Fi(s.)300 1996 y(shared)g(on)o(tology)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(subset)g(of)f Fg(on)o(tolog)p Fi(ies)g(agreed)h(on)f(b)o (y)f(m)o(ultiple)j Fg(customer)p Fi(s.)300 2056 y(syn)o(tactic)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(p)q(ertaining)h(to)e(the)g(format)f(or)h(ordering)h(of)e (terms,)h(often)g(expressed)i(as)e Fg(con-)383 2106 y(strain)o(t)p Fi(s.)300 2166 y(temp)q(oral)h(consistency)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(ac)o(hiev)o(ed)h(if)f(all)h(data)e(that)h(are)g(not)g(otherwise)i Fg(time-stamp)q(ed)p Fi(;)383 2216 y(refer)e(to)f(the)g(same)g(time)h (instance)g(and)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(the)g(same)g(temp)q(oral)h Fg(gran)o(ularit)o (y)p Fi(.)300 2276 y(uncertain)o(t)o(y)e Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(augmen)o(tation)f(of)f(n)o(umeric)j(or)e(logic)h(v)n(alues)g(with)g(ranges) g(or)f(probabilities.)300 2412 y Ff(5.)48 b(Related)14 b(T)l(erms)300 2541 y Fi(These)g(terms)h(refer)f(to)f(tec)o(hnologies)i(that)f(are)f(often)g (essen)o(tial)j(to)d(I3)g(e\013orts,)h(but)g(that)f(are)300 2591 y(not)h(the)g(prime)h(fo)q(cus)f(of)g(the)g(researc)o(h)i(area.)p eop %%Page: 109 9 8 bop 300 275 a Fd(I3)12 b(GLOSSAR)m(Y)1200 b Fe(109)300 416 y Fi(actor)17 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b(an)f Fg(agen)o(t)g Fi(that)h(can)f(op)q (erate)h(autonomously)f(and)g(set)h(its)g(o)o(wn)e(goals.)28 b(The)18 b(I3)383 466 y(paradigm)c(do)q(es)g(not)g(require)i(actor)e (capabilities.)300 523 y(agile)h(man)o(ufacturing)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(\015exible)g(man)o(ufacturing)f Fg(con\014gur)p Fi(ations)h([MorrisMDF:94].)300 580 y(authen)o(tication)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(v)n(alidation)h(that)f(an)g(iden)o(ti\014er)i(b)q(elongs)f(to)f (the)g(righ)o(t)h Fg(customer)p Fi(.)300 637 y(authorization)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(access)h Fi(or)e(pro)q(cessing)i(righ)o(ts)e(held)h (b)o(y)f(a)g Fg(customer)p Fi(.)300 694 y(clien)o(t-)p Fg(serv)o(er)i Fi(arc)o(hitecture)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b(direct)h(link)n(age)f(of)f Fg(customer)p Fi(s)i(to)e Fg(resource)p Fi(s)j(pro)o(viding)e Fg(data)383 744 y Fi(or)h Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(s.)300 801 y(decision-making)21 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b Fg(customer)p 852 805 2 34 v 40 w(application)h Fi(assessing)g(and)e(c)o(ho)q(osing)h(alternativ)o(es)h(in)383 851 y Fg(plan)p Fi(ning,)14 b(ma)o(y)f(in)o(v)o(olv)o(e)i(disjoin)o(t)f Fg(domains)g Fi([LewisS:93].)300 908 y(distributed)k(problem)f(solving)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b Fg(application)g Fi(in)o(v)o(olving)f Fg(in)o(terop)q(eration)i Fi(at)d(the)i Fg(co)q(ordi-)383 958 y(nation)p 512 962 V 30 w(la)o(y)o(er)d Fi(with)h(remote)f Fg(resources)p Fi(.)300 1015 y(encryption)21 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b(tec)o(hnology)f(to)g(safeguard)g(con)o(ten)o(t)h(from)e(un-authorized)j Fg(customer)p Fi(s)f(or)383 1065 y(in)o(v)n(aders.)300 1122 y(federated)15 b(arc)o(hitecture)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)14 b(m)o(ultiple)h Fg(clien)o(t-serv)o(er)i Fi(link)n(ages,)d(with)g(a)f(shared)h Fg(sc)o(hema)g Fi(and)383 1172 y Fg(on)o(tology)300 1229 y Fi(gran)o(ularit)o(y)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)17 b(size)h(of)d(atomic)h(measuremen)o (ts)h(for)e(data,)h(as)g(seconds,)h(.)24 b(.)f(.)h(,)16 b(y)o(ears;)g(or)383 1279 y(angstroms,)d(.)18 b(.)g(.,)13 b(miles.)300 1336 y(HCI)38 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b(h)o(uman,)f(i.e.,)h Fg(customer)p Fi(,)h(to)e (computer)h(in)o(teraction,)i(delegated)e(in)g(I3)f(to)g(the)383 1386 y(application)c(la)o(y)o(er,)f(can)h(b)q(e)f(serv)o(ed)h(via)f(a)g Fg(customer)h Fi(/I)e Fg(mo)q(del)i Fi(in)f(the)h Fg(mediator)p Fi(.)300 1443 y(h)o(uman)k(collab)q(oration)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)20 b Fg(in)o(terop)q(eration)h Fi(at)f(the)g Fg(customer)p 1351 1447 V 41 w(la)o(y)o(er)p Fi(,)h(can)e(b)q(e)h(aided)h(b)o(y)383 1493 y Fg(mediating)p 577 1497 V 30 w(to)q(ols)15 b Fi([McGuireKWTGO:93],)d ([Cutk)o(oskyEF)o(GGMTW:93].)300 1550 y(h)o(yp)q(othetical)g(access)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(analysis)f(of)f Fg(impact)h Fi(or)f Fg(cost)i Fi(of)d Fg(plan)p Fi(ned)p 1364 1554 V 24 w Fg(access)p Fi(,)j(based)f(on)f Fg(mo)q(del)p Fi(.)300 1607 y(learning)15 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(up)q(dating)g Fi(of)e(one's)h Fg(kno)o(wledge-base)h Fi([Mitc)o (hellCFDZ:94].)300 1664 y(lo)q(c)o(k)f(manager)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(to)q(ol)f Fi(con)o(trol)h(and)e(sync)o(hronize)j Fg(access)g Fi(to)e(a)f Fg(resource)p Fi(.)300 1721 y(middlew)o(are)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)12 b(collectiv)o(e)i(term)d(for)g Fg(wrapp)q(er)p Fi(s,)h Fg(ob)r(ject)p 1215 1725 V 25 w(service)p Fi(s,)i Fg(mediator)p Fi(s,)e Fg(facilitator)p Fi(s.)300 1778 y(National)21 b(Information)f (Infrastructure)i(\(NI)q(I\))f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)21 b(collection)i(of)d(common) g(net)o(w)o(ork)g Fg(ac-)383 1828 y(cess)p Fi(ible)d Fg(service)p Fi(s,)f Fg(resource)p Fi(s,)g Fg(storage)e Fi(and)g Fg(transp)q(ort)h Fi(mec)o(hanisms.)300 1885 y(no)q(de)k Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)19 b Fg(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s)g(in)g(an)f(information)g(net)o(w)o(ork)h Fg(con\014guration)p Fi(,)h(asso)q(ciated)g(with)f(a)383 1935 y Fg(site)p Fi(.)300 1992 y(planning)14 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(an)e Fg(application)i Fi(requiring)g Fg(access)g Fi(to)f(a)f(v)n(ariet)o(y) h(of)e Fg(information)i Fi(to)f(establish)383 2042 y(curren)o(t)e Fg(state)g Fi(and)e Fg(sim)o(ulation)i Fi(to)f(assess)h(alternativ)o(e)h (future)e Fg(state)p Fi(s)h([ArensCHIK:94].)300 2099 y(precision)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)11 b(comprehensiv)o(eness)i(of)c Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(s:)17 b(\(amoun)o(t)9 b(retriev)o(ed\)/\(amoun)o(t)i(a)o(v)n(ailable\).) 300 2156 y(priv)n(acy)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(righ)o(t)g(to)e(limit)j Fg(access)p Fi(;)f(held)g(b)o(y)e(sub)r(ject)j(describ)q(ed)g(in)f Fg(data)e Fi([JonesCW:95].)300 2213 y(relev)n(ance)j Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(usefulness)h(of)d Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(s:)19 b(\(amoun)o(t)14 b(of)f(in)o(terest\)/\(amoun)o(t)i(retriev)o(ed\).)300 2270 y(resolution)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(gran)o(ularit)o(y)f Fi(of)f Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(.)300 2327 y(resp)q(onsiv)o(eness)k Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(adequacy)f(of)g(retriev)n(al)h(sp)q(eed:)20 b(1/\(time)14 b(for)g(\014rst)g Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(\).)300 2385 y(securit)o(y)19 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)18 b(assurance)h(that)e Fg(priv)n(ate)h Fi(and)g(protected)h Fg(information)e Fi(is)h(only)f(pro)o (vided)h(to)383 2434 y Fg(authen)o(ticated)e Fi(and)d Fg(authorized)p 931 2438 V 31 w(comp)q(onen)o(t)p Fi(s)i(and)f Fg(customer)p Fi(s)h([GongQ:96].)300 2492 y(serv)o(er)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)13 b(no)q(de)f(in)h(a)f(computer-net)o(w)o(ork)h(whic)o(h)g(pro)o(vides)g Fg(resources)i Fi(to)d(b)q(e)h(used)g(b)o(y)f(other)383 2541 y(no)q(des,)g(as)e(in)i(a)e Fg(clien)o(t-serv)o(er)k Fi(or)c Fg(mediate)p 1063 2545 V 24 w(arc)o(hitecture)p Fi(s)q(.)19 b(The)12 b(role)f(can)g(b)q(e)g(transien)o(t,)383 2591 y(a)j(serv)o(er)h(ma)o (y)e(b)q(e)h(a)g Fg(customer)h Fi(in)f(an)g(alternate)h Fg(con\014guration)p Fi(.)p eop %%Page: 110 10 9 bop 300 275 a Fe(110)1106 b Fd(GIO)11 b(WIEDERHOLD)300 416 y Fi(site)16 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(source,)g(sink,)g(or)f(forw)o(arding)g (computer)h(in)g(a)f(comm)o(unication)h(net)o(w)o(ork,)f(denotes)383 466 y(a)g(lo)q(cation.)19 b Fg(No)q(de)p Fi(s)14 b(that)g(share)h(a)f(site)h (exhibit)h(less)f Fg(heterogeneit)o(y)p Fi(.)300 525 y(standard)f Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b Fg(metadata)f Fi(proto)q(col)g(to)g(pro)o(vide)h Fg(syn)o(tactic)p 1249 529 2 34 v 31 w(in)o(terop)q(erabilit)o(y)p Fi(.)300 583 y(time-stamp)20 b Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)21 b(lab)q(el)g(for)e(an)h (information)f(or)h(data)f(unit)i(that)f(sp)q(eci\014es)i(its)f(temp)q(oral) 383 633 y(in)o(terv)n(al)15 b(of)e(v)n(alidit)o(y)m(.)300 692 y(transp)q(ort)i Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)15 b(the)f(actual)h(shipping)g(of)e(unin)o (terpreted)k Fg(data)c Fi(among)g Fg(no)q(de)p Fi(s.)300 751 y(t)o(yp)q(e)j(abstraction)g(hierarc)o(h)o(y)g Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(m)o(ulti-)p Fg(lev)o(el)p 1057 755 V 34 w(kno)o(wledge)g Fi(represen)o(tation)i(for)d Fg(query)p 1729 755 V 32 w(re-)383 801 y(laxation)f Fi(and)g Fg(seman)o(tic)h(indexing)p Fi(.)300 860 y(v)o(ersion)h Fh(`)-17 b Fi(=)16 b(a)e(main)o(tained)h(alternativ)o(e)i (of)d(an)g Fg(ob)r(ject)p Fi(,)i(often)e(needed)j(to)d(main)o(tain)h(consis-) 383 909 y(tency)g(with)f(past)h Fg(application)p Fi(s)g(or)f Fg(con)o(ten)o(t)p Fi(s.)300 1043 y Ff(References)300 1133 y Fo(W)m(e)e(include)d(here)i(references)e(cited)h(in)h(the)g(forew)o(ord)f (as)h(w)o(ell)h(as)f(references)e(cited)h(in)i(the)e(glossary)g(itself.)325 1182 y([ArensCHIK:94])19 b(Yigal)10 b(Arens,)f(Chin)h(Chee,)g(Ch)o(un-Nan)f (Hsu,)h(Hoh)g(In,)f(and)g(Craig)h(Knoblo)q(c)o(k:)j("Query)408 1221 y(Pro)q(cessing)7 b(in)i(an)f(Information)e(Mediator";)h Fc(Pro)q(c.)h(ARP)m(A/Rome)h(Lab)q(oratory)d(Kno)o(wledge-Based)408 1260 y(Planning)j(and)i(Sc)o(heduling)d(Initiativ)o(e)h(W)m(orkshop)p Fo(,)h(T)m(ucson)h(AZ,)g(Morgan)g(Kaufmann,)e(1994.)325 1309 y([BarsalouW:89])k(Thierry)6 b(Barsalou)g(and)h(Gio)g(Wiederhold:)k(\\Kno)o (wledge-direct)o(ed)5 b(Mediation)h(Bet)o(w)o(een)408 1348 y(Application)i(Ob)r(jects)h(and)g(Data";)g Fc(Pro)q(c.)h(W)m(orking)e(Conf.) i(on)g(Data)f(and)g(Kno)o(wledge)g(In)o(tegration)p Fo(,)408 1388 y(Un.)j(of)f(Keele,)g(England,)e(1989,)h(Pittman)g(Pub.)325 1436 y([Catell:94])26 b(R.Cattell)12 b(\(ed\):)19 b Fc(The)13 b(Ob)r(ject)g(Database)f(Standard:)17 b(ODMG)d Fo(\(3)g(9v)o(ersion)d(1.1\);) j(Morgan)408 1476 y(Kaufman,)c(Ma)o(y)h(1994.)325 1524 y([Ch)o(uMB:93])24 b(W.W.)12 b(Ch)o(u,)h(M.)f(Merzbac)o(her,)e(and)i(L.)g(Berk)o(o)o(vic)o(h:)j (\\The)d(Design)f(and)g(Implemen)o(tat)o(ion)408 1564 y(of)g(CoBase";)g Fj(A)o(CM)h(SIGMOD)h('93)p Fo(,)f(Ma)o(y)f(1993,)f(pp.)h(517{522.)325 1612 y([Ch)o(uQ:94])24 b(W.W.)12 b(Ch)o(u)g(and)g(Q.)g(Chen:)17 b(\\A)12 b(Structured)d(Approac)o(h)i(for)g(Co)q(op)q(erativ)o(e)f(Query)i (Answ)o(er-)408 1651 y(ing";)e Fj(IEEE)i(T)m(r)n(ansactions)h(on)f(Know)r(le) n(dge)i(and)f(Data)g(Engine)n(ering,)g Fo(V)m(ol.6)e(No.5,)f(Octob)q(er)g (1994.)325 1700 y([CourtneyJSSW:93)o(])31 b(A.)17 b(Courtney)m(,)f(W.)g (Janssen,)h(D.)f(Sev)o(erson,)f(M.)i(Spreitzer,)e(and)h(F.)g(Wymore:)408 1739 y Fj(Inter-L)n(anguage)j(Uni\014c)n(ation)f Fo(rel.1.5;)e(Xero)o(x)g(P)m (AR)o(C,)h(ISTL-CSA-94-01-01,)d(No.P94{58,)i(Ma)o(y)408 1779 y(1994,)10 b(ftp://ftp.)j(parc.xero)o(x.)o(com)o(/p)o(ub/)o(ilu)o(/ilu)o(.h)o (t)o(ml.)325 1827 y([Cutk)o(oskyEF)o(GGMTW:93])25 b(M.)14 b(Cutk)o(osky)m(,)f (R.)h(Engelmore,)e(R.)h(Fik)o(es,)h(T.)g(Grub)q(er,)e(M.)j(Genesereth,)408 1867 y(W.)c(Mark,)f(J.)h(T)m(enen)o(baum,)d(and)i(J.)h(W)m(eb)q(er:)j(\\P)m (A)o(CT:)d(An)g(exp)q(erimen)o(t)d(in)i(in)o(tegrating)e(concurren)o(t)408 1906 y(engineering)g(systems";)i Fc(IEEE)h(Computer)p Fo(,)e(Jan)o(uary)h (1993.)325 1955 y([)16 b(DeBellisH:95])e(Mic)o(hael)h(DeBellis)f(and)h (Christine)g(Haapala:)23 b(\\User-cen)o(tric)13 b(Soft)o(w)o(are)i (Engineering)408 1994 y(\(USE\)";)c Fc(IEEE)g(Exp)q(ert)p Fo(,)f(F)m(eb.)h (1995,)f(V)m(ol.10,)h(No.1.)325 2042 y([DeMic)o(hiel:89])27 b(Linda)13 b(DeMic)o(hiel:)20 b(\\P)o(erforming)12 b(Op)q(erations)g(o)o(v)o (er)i(Mismatc)o(hed)e(Domains";)i Fc(IEEE)408 2082 y(T)m(ransactions)9 b(on)i(Kno)o(wledge)f(and)h(Data)g(Engineering)p Fo(,)d(V)m(ol.1)j(No.4,)g (Dec.)g(1989.)325 2130 y([FininFMM:94])26 b(Tim)13 b(Finin,)g(Ric)o(hard)f(F) m(ritzson,)h(Don)g(McKa)o(y)m(,)h(and)e(Robin)h(McEn)o(tire:)18 b(\\K)p Fb(QML)c Fo(as)408 2170 y(an)d(Agen)o(t)f(Comm)o(unicatio)o(n)e (Language";)h Fj(Pr)n(o)n(c.)k(3r)n(d)g(International)g(Confer)n(enc)n(e)h (on)f(Information)408 2209 y(and)g(Know)r(le)n(dge)i(Management)e Fo(\(CIKM'94\),)e(A)o(CM)i(Press,)e(No)o(v)o(em)o(b)q(er)f(1994;)325 2258 y([FlorescuR)l(V:95])27 b(Daniela)13 b(Florescu,)h(Louiqa)f(Rasc)o(hid,) h(and)g(P)o(atric)o(k)f(V)m(alduriez:)20 b("Using)14 b(Heteroge-)408 2297 y(neous)f(Equiv)n(alence)o(s)f(for)h(Query)h(Rewriting)f(in)g (Multidatabase)e(Systems";)i Fc(Pro)q(c.)g(In)o(ternational)408 2336 y(Conference)e(on)h(Co)q(op)q(erativ)o(e)e(Information)g(Systems)h(\(Co) q(opIS95\))p Fo(,)f(Vienna)i(Austria,)g(Ma)o(y)h(1995,)408 2376 y(a)o(v)n(ailable)c(from)h Fa(h)p Fo(co)q(opis@cs.toron)o(t)o(o.e)o(du)p Fa(i)o Fo(.)325 2424 y([F)m(ranc)o(hittiKB:94])21 b(J.C.)12 b(F)m(ranc)o(hitti,)e(R.)i(King,)g(and)f(O.)h(Boucelma:)i(\\A)f(T)m(o)q (olkit)e(to)g(Supp)q(ort)f(Scalable)408 2464 y(P)o(ersisten)o(t)i(Base)i (Infrastructu)o(res")o(;)f(in)h Fj(Pr)n(o)n(c)n(e)n(e)n(dings)k(of)d(the)h (Sixth)g(International)f(Workshop)h(on)408 2503 y(Persistent)c(Obje)n(ct)j (Systems)p Fo(,)c(T)m(arascon,)f(F)m(rance,)g(Septem)o(b)q(er)f(1994,)h (Springer-V)m(erla)o(g)f(LNCS.)325 2552 y([GeneserethS)o(:93)o(])14 b(Mic)o(hael)7 b(R.)i(Genesereth)c(and)i(Narinder)g(P)m(.)i(Singh:)j Fj(A)e(Know)r(le)n(dge)h(Sharing)g(Appr)n(o)n(ach)408 2591 y(to)i(Softwar)n(e)g(Inter)n(op)n(er)n(ation)p Fo(;)g(Stanford)c(Univ)o (ersit)o(y)m(,)h(1993.)p eop %%Page: 111 11 10 bop 300 275 a Fd(I3)12 b(GLOSSAR)m(Y)1200 b Fe(111)325 416 y Fo([GeneserethK:94)o(])22 b(M.R.)13 b(Genesereth)c(and)j(S.)g(Ketc)o(hp)q (el:)j(\\Soft)o(w)o(are)c(Agen)o(ts";)g Fj(Comm.)j(of)g(the)g(A)o(CM)p Fo(,)408 455 y(V)m(ol.37)d(No.7,)g(July)g(1994,)f(pp.)h(48{53.)325 504 y([GeneserethS)o(S:9)o(4])26 b(Mic)o(hael)13 b(R.)i(Genesereth,)d (Narinder)h(P)m(.)h(Singh)f(and)g(Mustafa)h(A.)h(Sy)o(ed:)k(\\A)c(Dis-)408 543 y(tributed)8 b(and)h(Anon)o(ymous)g(Kno)o(wledge)g(Sharing)f(Approac)o(h) g(to)i(Soft)o(w)o(are)f(In)o(terop)q(eratio)o(n";)e Fj(Pr)n(o)n(c.)408 583 y(Int.)13 b(Symp.)h(on)f(Fifth)h(Gener)n(ation)g(Comp)g(Systems)p Fo(,)e(ICOT,)h(T)m(oky)o(o,)f(Japan,)f(V)m(ol.W3,)h(Dec.1994,)408 622 y(pp.)f(125{139.)325 671 y([GohMS:94].)43 b(Cheng)16 b(Hian)g(Goh,)g (Stuart)e(Madnic)o(k,)i(and)f(Mic)o(hael)g(Siegel:)23 b(Con)o(text)15 b(In)o(terc)o(hange:)408 710 y(Ov)o(ercoming)10 b(the)h(Challenges)g(of)h (Large-Scale)d(In)o(terop)q(erabl)o(e)h(Database)g(Systems)h(in)g(a)i (Dynamic)408 750 y(En)o(vironmen)o(t)o(";)7 b(in)i(Pro)q(c.)f(3rd)h(In)o(t'l) f(Conf)h(on)g(Information)d(and)i(Kno)o(wledge)g(Managemen)o(t)f(\(CIKM)408 789 y(94\),)j(pp.337{346.)i(Gaithersburg,)c(MD,)k(No)o(v)g(1994.)325 838 y([GongQ:96])20 b(L.)11 b(Gong)f(and)g(X.)i(Qian:)i("Computationa)o(l)9 b(Issues)h(in)g(Secure)f(In)o(terop)q(eratio)o(n";)f(to)i(app)q(ear)408 877 y(in)h Fc(IEEE)h(T)m(ransactions)d(on)i(Soft)o(w)o(are)f(Engineering)p Fo(,)e(IEEE,)k(Jan)o(uary)d(1996.)325 926 y([GreenLM:91])25 b(Cordell)13 b(Green,)g(Mic)o(hael)f(Lo)o(wry)i(and)f(Rob)q(ert)f(McCartney:) 18 b(\\Automating)11 b(Soft)o(w)o(are)408 965 y(Design:)j(An)e(Ov)o(erview";) e(in)h Fc(Automating)e(Soft)o(w)o(are)h(Design)p Fo(,)g(AAAI/MIT)j(Press,)e (1991.)325 1014 y([Grub)q(er:93])18 b(T.R.)10 b(Grub)q(er:)j("A)d(T)m (ranslation)f(Approac)o(h)f(to)i(P)o(ortable)e(On)o(tologies';)g Fc(Kno)o(wledge)h(Acqui-)408 1053 y(sition)p Fo(,)h(V)m(ol.5)h(No.2,)g(1993,) f(pp.)h(199{200.)325 1102 y([HammerGIPUW:95])18 b(Joac)o(him)8 b(Hammer,)h(Hector)g(Garcia-Molina,)e(Kelly)j(Ireland,)e(Y)m(annis)i(P)o (apak)o(on-)408 1141 y(stan)o(tinou,)d(Je\013rey)i(Ullman,)g(and)g(Jennifer)f (Widom:)13 b("Information)7 b(T)m(ranslation,)g(Mediation,)i(and)408 1180 y(Mosaic-Based)14 b(Bro)o(wsing)h(in)h(the)g(TSIMMIS)g(System";)g Fc(Pro)q(c.)g(A)o(CM)h(SIGMOD)f(In)o(ternational)408 1220 y(Conference)9 b(on)i(Managemen)o(t)e(of)i(Data)p Fo(,)g(San)f(Jose,)h(California,)f(June)h (1995.)325 1268 y([JonesCW:95])21 b(V.E.)12 b(Jones,)e(N.)i(Ching,)e(and)h (M.)g(Winslett:)j(\\Creden)o(tials)9 b(for)i(Priv)n(acy)e(and)h(In)o(terop)q (er-)408 1308 y(ation";)i Fc(Pro)q(c.)g(New)i(Securit)o(y)c(P)o(aradigms)h ('95)h(W)m(orkshop)p Fo(,)g(La)g(Jolla,)h(California,)e(August)h(22-25,)408 1347 y(1995.)325 1396 y([LewisS:93])22 b(M.)12 b(Lewis)g(and)f(K.)h(Sycara:)h ("Informed)c(Decision)h(Making)h(in)g(Multi-Sp)q(ecialist)d(Co)q(op)q(era-) 408 1435 y(tion";)i Fc(Group)g(Decision)g(and)g(Negotiation)p Fo(,)f(V)m(ol.2)i(No.3,)g(Octob)q(er)g(1993.)325 1484 y([Libic)o(ki:95])20 b(Martin)11 b(Libic)o(ki:)j Fc(Information)8 b(T)m(ec)o(hnology)h(Standards)p Fo(;)g(Digital)h(Press,)h(1995.)325 1532 y([LuMSS:95])28 b(James)14 b(J.)i(Lu,)f(Guido)f(Mo)q(erk)o(otte,)g(Joac)o(hime)f(Sc)o(h)o(ue,)h(and)g (V.S.)h(Subrahmani)o(an:)k("Ef-)408 1572 y(\014cien)o(t)12 b(Main)o(tenance)f(of)i(Materialized)e(Mediated)h(Views";)j Fc(Pro)q(c.)e(In)o(ternation)o(al)e(Conference)g(on)408 1611 y(Managemen)o(t)e(of)i(Data)g(\(Sigmo)q(d)e(95\))p Fo(,)h(A)o(CM,)j(1995.)325 1660 y([MacGregor:90])21 b(Rob)q(ert)11 b(MacGregor:)j(\\The)e(Ev)o(olving)e (T)m(ec)o(hnology)g(of)i(Classi\014cation-b)o(ased)d(Kno)o(wl-)408 1699 y(edge)15 b(Represen)o(tatio)o(n)e(Systems";)j(in)g(John)g(So)o(w)o(a,)g (editor,)g Fc(Principles)e(of)i(Seman)o(tic)d(Net)o(w)o(orks:)408 1739 y(Explorations)8 b(in)k(the)e(Represen)o(tation)e(of)j(Kno)o(wledge)p Fo(,)f(Morgan)h(Kaufmann,)e(1990.)325 1787 y([MarkTMS:92])17 b(William)8 b(Mark,)h(Sherman)e(T)o(yler,)i(James)f(McGuire,)g(and)h(Jon)f (Sc)o(hlossb)q(erg:)k("Commit-)408 1827 y(men)o(t-Based)5 b(Soft)o(w)o(are)i (Dev)o(elopmen)o(t)o(";)f(IEEE)i(T)m(ransactions)e(on)i(Soft)o(w)o(are)e (Engineering,)g(Octob)q(er,)408 1866 y(1992.)325 1915 y([McGuireKWTGO:93])27 b(James)13 b(G.)h(McGuire,)g(Daniel)e(R.)j(Kuokk)n(a,)e(Ja)o(y)h(C.)g(W)m(eb) q(er,)g(Ja)o(y)g(M.)h(T)m(enen-)408 1954 y(baum,)9 b(Thomas)h(R.)h(Grub)q (er,)e(Gregory)g(R.)i(Olsen:)j("SHADE:)d(T)m(ec)o(hnology)e(for)h(Kno)o (wledge-Based)408 1993 y(Collab)q(orativ)o(e)j(Engineering";)i Fc(Concurren)o(t)g(Engineering)o(:)22 b(Researc)o(h)15 b(and)g(Applications)p Fo(,)g(V)m(ol.1)408 2033 y(No.3,)c(Septem)o(b)q(er)d(1993.)325 2081 y([Miller:56])27 b(George)12 b(Miller:\\The)h(Magical)g(Num)o(b)q(er)g (Sev)o(en)g Fa(\006)i Fo(Tw)o(o";)h Fc(Psyc)o(h.Review)p Fo(,)d(V)m(ol.68,)h (1956,)408 2121 y(pp.81-97.)325 2169 y([Mitc)o(hellCFDZ:94])32 b(T.)18 b(Mitc)o(hell,)f(R.)g(Caruana,)g(D.)h(F)m(reitag,)f(J.)g(McDermott,)g (and)f(D.)h(Zab)q(o)o(wski:)408 2209 y("Exp)q(erience)10 b(with)i(a)h (Learning)e(P)o(ersonal)g(Assistan)o(t":)16 b Fc(Comm.)c(A)o(CM)p Fo(,)i(V)m(ol.37)e(No.7,)g(pp.)g(81{91,)408 2248 y(July)f(1994.)325 2297 y([MorrisMDF:94])22 b(K)o(C)13 b(Morris,)e(Mary)h(Mitc)o(hell,)e(Chris)i (Dabro)o(wski,)e(and)h(Elizab)q(eth)f(F)m(ong:)15 b(\\Database)408 2336 y(Managemen)o(t)c(Systems)g(in)i(Engineering")o(;)f(in)h(the)f Fj(Encyclop)n(e)n(dia)18 b(of)d(Softwar)n(e)g(Engine)n(ering)p Fo(,)g(pp.)408 2376 y(282{308,)9 b(John)i(Wiley)g(and)f(Sons,)h(1994.)325 2424 y([Musen:92])33 b(M.A.)18 b(Musen:)26 b("Dimensions)15 b(of)i(Kno)o(wledge)f(Sharing)f(and)h(Reuse";)j Fc(Computers)d(and)408 2464 y(Biomedical)9 b(Researc)o(h)p Fo(,)g(V)m(ol.25,)i(pp.)g(435{467,)e (1992.)325 2512 y([Na)o(v)n(atheD:95])17 b(Shamk)n(an)o(t)6 b(B.)k(Na)o(v)n(athe)e(and)h(Mic)o(hael)f(J.)i(Donaho)q(o:)i("T)m(o)o(w)o (ards)d(In)o(telligen)o(t)e(In)o(tegration)408 2552 y(of)15 b(Heterogeneous)d(Information)g(Sources";)j Fc(Pro)q(c.)g(6th)f(In)o (ternational)e(W)m(orkshop)i(on)h(Database)408 2591 y(Re-engineerin)o(g)9 b(and)h(In)o(terop)q(erabi)o(lit)o(y)o Fo(;)f(Marc)o(h)i(1995.)p eop %%Page: 112 12 11 bop 300 275 a Fe(112)1106 b Fd(GIO)11 b(WIEDERHOLD)325 416 y Fo([Nec)o(hesFF)o(GPS:91])28 b(R.)15 b(Nec)o(hes,)g(R.)g(Fik)o(es,)h(T.)f (Finin,)g(T.)h(Grub)q(er,)e(R.)h(P)o(atil,)h(T.)f(Senator,)f(and)g(W.)408 455 y(Sw)o(artout:)e(\\Enabling)7 b(T)m(ec)o(hnology)f(for)i(Kno)o(wledge)g (Sharing";)f Fj(AI)j(Magazine)p Fo(,)g(V)m(ol.12)e(No.3,)h(1991,)408 495 y(pp.)i(36{56.)325 543 y([OMG:91])18 b(Ob)r(ject)9 b(Managemen)o(t)e (Group:)12 b Fc(The)e(Common)d(Ob)r(ject)i(Request)f(Brok)o(er:)13 b(Arc)o(hitecture)7 b(and)408 582 y(Sp)q(eci\014catio)o(n)p Fo(;)14 b(OMG)i(Do)q(cumen)o(t)d(91.12.1,)h(OMG)i(and)e(X/Op)q(en,)i (distributed)c(b)o(y)j(QED-Wiley)m(,)408 621 y(W)m(ellesley)10 b(MA,)i(1991)325 669 y([P)o(apak)o(onstan)n(tino)o(uG)o(U:96])31 b(Y)m(annis)17 b(P)o(apak)o(onstan)o(t)o(ino)o(u,)f(Hector)g(Garcia-Molina,)f (Je\013rey)h(Ullman:)408 709 y(\\Medmak)o(er:)c(A)d(Mediation)f(System)f (Based)h(on)h(Declarativ)o(e)d(Sp)q(eci\014catio)o(ns";)h Fc(In)o(ternatio)o (nal)f(Con-)408 748 y(ference)k(on)h(Data)f(Engineering)p Fo(,)f(New)j (Orleans,)e(IEEE)i(F)m(ebruary)d(1996.)325 796 y([P)o(astorMF:92])30 b(J.A.)17 b(P)o(astor,)f(D.P)m(.)g(McKa)o(y)m(,)h(and)e(T.)i(Finin:)24 b(\\View-Concepts:)f(Kno)o(wledge-based)408 835 y(Access)12 b(to)g(Databases";)f Fc(Pro)q(c.)h(1st)g(In)o(ternation)o(al)d(Conference)i (on)h(Information)d(and)j(Kno)o(wledge)408 875 y(Managemen)o(t)d(\(CIKM92\))p Fo(,)i(Baltimore,)e(MD.)j(1992.)325 922 y([QianR;95])28 b(X.)15 b(Qian)g(and)f(L.)h(Rasc)o(hid:)20 b("Query)13 b(In)o(terop)q(eratio)o(n)f (among)h(Ob)r(ject-orien)o(ted)e(and)j(Re-)408 962 y(lational)c(Databases";)g Fc(Pro)q(c.)i(11th)f(In)o(ternationa)o(l)f(Conference)g(on)i(Data)g (Engineering)o Fo(,)e(IEEE)i(pp.)408 1001 y(271{278.)h(Marc)o(h)e(1995.)325 1049 y([Ro)o(w)o(e:95])17 b(N.C.)10 b(Ro)o(w)o(e:)k("Retrieving)6 b(Captioned)h(Pictures)h(Using)h(Statistical)d(Correlations)h(and)h(a)h(The-) 408 1088 y(ory)j(of)h(Caption-Picture)d(Co-reference";)h Fc(F)m(ourth)h(Ann)o (ual)g(Symp)q(osium)e(on)j(Do)q(cumen)o(t)e(Analysis)408 1128 y(and)g(Retriev)n(al)p Fo(;)e(Las)i(V)m(egas)g(NV,)i(April)e(1995.)325 1176 y([SeligmanK:93)o(])20 b(Len)10 b(Seligman)f(and)h(Larry)g(Kersc)o (herg:)j(\\An)e(Activ)o(e)f(Database)f(Approac)o(h)h(to)g(Consis-)408 1215 y(tency)i(Managemen)o(t)f(in)i(Data-)g(and)g(Kno)o(wledge-based)e (System";)h Fc(Journal)g(of)h(In)o(telligen)o(t)e(Infor-)408 1254 y(mation)f(Systems)p Fo(,)f(V)m(ol.2)i(No.2,)g(1993.)325 1302 y([ShannonW:48)o(])22 b(Claude)11 b(E.)h(Shannon)e(and)h(W)m(arren)g(W)m (ea)o(v)o(er:)k(\\The)d(Mathematical)d(Theory)i(of)h(Com-)408 1342 y(putation";)c Fc(Bell)j(System)f(T)m(ec)o(hnical)g(Journal)p Fo(,)g(1948,)325 1389 y([Shiv)n(akuma)o(rG:9)o(6])26 b(N.)14 b(Shiv)n(akumar)d(and)i(H.)i(Garcia-Molina:)j(\\Building)12 b(a)i(Scalable)e(and)h(Accurate)408 1429 y(Cop)o(y)d(Detection)f(Mec)o (hanism";)f(to)j(app)q(ear)e(in)h Fc(Pro)q(c.)g(1st)h(A)o(CM)h(Conference)d (on)h(Digital)f(Libraries)408 1468 y(\(DL'96\))p Fo(;)h(A)o(CM,)j(Marc)o(h)e (1996.)325 1516 y([T)m(ourtier:94])30 b(P)o(aul-Andre)15 b(T)m(ourtier:)24 b(\\A)16 b(Flexible,)g(F)m(acilitator-ba)o(sed)d(Co)q(op)q(eration)h(F)m (ramew)o(ork";)408 1555 y Fj(Pr)n(o)n(c.)20 b(Int.)e(Symp.)i(on)f(Fifth)g (Gener)n(ation)h(Comp)f(Systems)p Fo(,)g(ICOT,)h(T)m(oky)o(o,)f(Japan,)f(V)m (ol.W3,)408 1595 y(Dec.1994,)9 b(pp.)i(101{110.)325 1643 y([W:92a])19 b(Gio)9 b(Wiederhold:)j(\\The)e(Roles)f(of)h(Arti\014cial)e(In)o(telligence)f (in)j(Informatio)o(n)d(Systems";)h Fc(Journal)408 1682 y(of)j(In)o(telligen)o (t)e(Informatio)o(n)g(Systems)p Fo(,)g(V)m(ol.1)i(No.1,)g(1992,)g(pp.)f (35{56.)325 1730 y([W:92c])21 b(Gio)10 b(Wiederhold:)j Fj(Me)n(diation)g(in)f (the)g(A)o(r)n(chite)n(ctur)n(e)j(of)e(F)m(utur)n(e)g(Information)f(Systems)p Fo(,)23 b Fc(IEEE)408 1769 y(Computer)13 b(Magazine)p Fo(,)h(V)m(ol.25)h (No.3,)g(Marc)o(h)g(1992,)f(pp.)h(38{49;)g(republished)d(in)j(Hurson)f(et)h (al:)408 1809 y Fj(Multi-datab)n(ase)k(Systems:)27 b(an)18 b(A)n(dvanc)n(e)n(d)j(Solution)e(for)f(Glob)n(al)h(Information)g(Sharing)p Fo(;)i(IEEE)408 1848 y(Press,)11 b(1993.)325 1896 y([W:93])26 b(Gio)12 b(Wiederhold:)k(\\In)o(telligen)o(t)10 b(In)o(tegration)g(of)j (Informatio)o(n";)e Fj(Pr)n(o)n(c.)k(A)o(CM)f(SIGMOD)g(Con-)408 1935 y(fer)n(enc)n(e)p Fo(,)f(A)o(CM)g(1993,)e(pp.)f(434{437.)325 1983 y([W:94])17 b(Gio)8 b(Wiederhold:)j(\\In)o(terop)q(erat)o(ion,)6 b(Mediation,)h(and)h(On)o(tologies";)f Fj(Pr)n(o)n(c.)k(Int.)f(Symp.)h(on)f (Fifth)408 2022 y(Gener)n(ation)k(Comp.)e(Systems)p Fo(,)g(ICOT,)g(T)m(oky)o (o,)f(Japan,)f(V)m(ol.W3,)h(Dec.1994,)f(pp.)g(33{48.)325 2070 y([)f(W:95l])g(Gio)f(Wiederhold:)k(\\Digital)7 b(Libraries,)h(V)m(alue,)h (and)f(Pro)q(ductivit)o(y")o(;)f Fc(Com.)i(A)o(CM)p Fo(,)i(V)m(ol.38)d(No.4,) 408 2110 y(April)j(1995,)f(pp.)h(85{96.)325 2157 y([W:95m])31 b(Gio)15 b(Wiederhold:)22 b(\\Mo)q(deling)14 b(and)h(System)f(Main)o (tenance";)h(in)h(Mic)o(hael)e(P)m(.)i(P)o(apazoglou)408 2197 y(\(ed.\):)21 b Fc(OOER'95:)h(Ob)r(ject-Orien)o(ted)12 b(and)i(En)o(tit)o(y)g (Relationship)e(Mo)q(delling)p Fo(;)j(Springer)d(Lecture)408 2236 y(Notes)f(in)g(Computer)f(Science,)f(V)m(ol.)16 b(1021,)10 b(pp.)h(1-20,)f(Decem)o(b)q(er)f(1995.)325 2284 y([WEA:90])25 b(Gio)12 b(Wiederhold)e(et)i(al:)17 b Fj(A)d(Me)n(diator)h(A)o(r)n(chite)n (ctur)n(e)h(for)e(A)o(bstr)n(act)h(Data)f(A)n(c)n(c)n(ess)p Fo(;)g(Stanford)408 2323 y(Univ)o(ersit)o(y)m(,)c(Rep)q(ort)g(Stan-CS-90-13)o (03)o(,)f(August)i(1990.)325 2371 y([W)o(G:95])24 b(Gio)12 b(Wiederhold)e(and)i(Mic)o(hael)g(Genesereth:)i(\\Basis)e(for)g(Mediation";)f Fc(Pro)q(c.)g(In)o(ternational)408 2411 y(Conference)g(on)h(Co)q(op)q(erativ) o(e)e(Information)g(Systems)h(\(Co)q(opIS95\))p Fo(,)f(Vienna)i(Austria,)g (Ma)o(y)h(1995,)408 2450 y(a)o(v)n(ailable)c(from)h Fa(h)p Fo(co)q(opis@cs.toron)o(t)o(o.e)o(du)p Fa(i)o Fo(,)f(pages)h(138-155.)325 2498 y([ZhouHKF:96])24 b(G.)13 b(Zhou,)f(R.)h(Hull,)f(R.)h(King,)g(and)f (J.-C.)h(F)m(ranhitti:)j("Supp)q(orting)10 b(Data)i(In)o(tegration)408 2537 y(and)f(W)m(arehousing)f(Using)i(H2O";)h(to)f(app)q(ear,)e Fc(IEEE)j(Data)e(Engineering)f(Bulletin)p Fo(,)g(1996,)h(sp)q(ecial)408 2577 y(issue)g(on)g(Data)f(W)m(arehousing,)f(Jennifer)h(Widom)g(\(ed.\).)p eop %%Trailer end userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if %%EOF