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(C) Ville Turjanmaa, Helsinki, 25.8.2003, All rights reserved. �� Mario79 24/12/2003 e-mail: mario79@ezmail.ru web: www.mario79.narod.ru MenuetOS (0.75) �� 1) ��: �� 1a) �� 1b) �� 1c) �� 2) �� : �� 2a) �� 2b) �� 2c) �� 2d) �� 2e) �� 2f) �� 2g) �� 2h) �� 2i) �� - � MenuetOS MenuetOS �� 32-� �� -�� 32 �� , �� . Menuet �� unix � �� , �� , �� . Menuet �� , �� , �� , �� . �� , �� . �� 32-� �� . GUI (�� ) �� . (C) Ville Turjanmaa, Helsinki, 25.8.2003, All rights reserved. 1) ��: �� 1a) �� , �� bios �� bootsector Menuet, �� . Menuet �� . �� MenuetOS ��, �� . � �� BIOS Vesa � �� . �� , �� Menuet �� . �� , �� Menuet �� , �� . �� , �� , �� ramdisk � �� , �� . � �� Menuet �� 32-� �� OS. 1b) �� Menuet �� , �� . �� : - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . . �� . . �� . . ------------------- . . --------------------- . . �� 0 . . �� 3 . . . . . . �� (IRQ 0 ) . . �� . . �� . . �� . . �� 1/100s . . . . . . . . �� 1: OS-�� . . �� 2,3.. : . . ��, GUI, �� . . �� . . . . . . �� . <------ . INT 0x40: �� . . �� . . �� . . . . . . �� . ------> . �� . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �� 16 ��. �� 16 ��, �� 10 ��. �� - os ��. OS �� , ��: ��, �� , �� . �� , os �� . �� 0x40 � �� . �� . �� . �� , �� . �� . �� . �� 1/100 ��. �� , �� change_task (�� ) � �� event_wait (�� ), ��. �� , �� . ��, �� , �� 'firstapp' � kernel.asm. 1c) �� Kernel.asm. Kernel16.inc � Kernel32.inc �� . Bootmosf.asm - �� Bootmf32.asm - �� Kernel.asm <- Kernel16.inc <- Bootcode.inc �� <- Booteng.ing �� <- Pci16.inc �� 16-� �� pci <- Kernel32.inc <- Sys32.inc �� <- Stack.inc �� <- Queue.inc �� <- Ip.inc �� ip <- Tcp.inc �� tcp <- Udp.inc �� udp <- Ethernet.inc �� Ethernet (�� CSMA-CD) <- Rtl8029.inc �� Rtl8029 <- I8255x.inc �� I8255x <- Rtl8139.inc �� Rtl8139 <- Shutdown.inc �� <- Fat32.inc �� / �� hd (��) <- Vesa12.inc �� vesa 1.2 <- Vesa20.inc �� vesa 2.0 <- Vga.inc �� VGA <- Sb16.inc Sound blaster (�� ) <- Mouse.inc �� <- Skincode.inc �� <- Skindata.inc �� <- Memmap.inc �� <- Pci32.inc �� 32-� �� pci Kernel16.inc � kernel32.inc �� , �� . �� . 2) �� : �� 2a) �� , �� . �� Interrupt Descriptor Table (�� ), �� General Descriptor Table (�� ). GDT �� Task Switch Segments (�� ) � �� TSS�s. �� TSS �� TSS �� . �� TSS �� TSS �� . Menuet �� . �� : �� : IRQ�s : �� : : : Int 0x0-0x11 : (�� ) : Irq 0x0-0xF : Int 0x40 v : v : v : v v : v : v : v IDT : JMP : IDT : IDT - �� : : - �� : - �� v : v : v : v v : v : v : v GDT : GDT : GDT : GDT - TSS �� : - TSS �� : - TSS �� : - TSS �� v : v : v : v v : v : v : v TSS : TSS : TSS : TSS - �� : - �� : - �� : - �� TSS: �� . TSS�s �� os �� . �� GDT. �� , os �� TSS � �� . �� , �� . �� , �� (4096 ��). �� , �� jmp TSS, �� TSS �� TSS, � �� , �� . 2b) �� (�� IRQs 0x1-0xF) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . �� . . . . �� : Task_gate . . �� : sys32.inc, �idts:� . . �� : 0x60 * 8 bytes . . �� : GDT ( TSS0I_L ) . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . GDT ( TSS0I_L ) . . . . �� : �� TSS . . �� : sys32.inc, gdt, tss0i_l: . . �� : 0x60 * 8 bytes . . �� : TSS, mem 0x290000, 0x60 �� 128 �� . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . �� TSS � 0x290000 . . . . �� : Task State Segment (�� ) . . �� : [0x290000] . . �� : 0x60 * 128ytes . . �� : GDT, �� . . . . eip -> mem : [sys_int], 0x60 * 4 byte . . esp -> mem : 0x720000, 0x60 * 1024 byte . . cs -> GDT : int_code . . ds -> GDT : int_data . . ss -> GDT : int_data . . es -> GDT : int_data . . gs -> GDT : int_data . . fs -> GDT : int_data . . eflags : dword 0x11002 ( cli, resume ) . . ss0 -> GDT : inte_code . . ss1 -> GDT : ring1_code . . ss2 -> GDT : ring2_code . . esp0 -> mem : 0x52000 . . esp1 -> mem : 0x53000 . . esp2 -> mem : 0x54000 . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2c) �� (�� 0x00-0x11) �� , �� , � �� . �� , �� , �� , �� . �� 0x00 - > 0x11 �� s0, s1, s2, .., s11 � sys32.inc. sd: ; �� , �� ; �� eflags mov [error_interrupt],0xd ; �� ; �� 0xd mov [error_interrupt_entry],dword sd ; �� ; �� TSS call show_error_parameters ; �� ; �� mov edx,[0x3010] ; �� mov [edx+0xa],byte 4 ; �� os sti ; �� jmp $ ; �� , �� , �� . �� TSS (eflags), ��. � �� os-��, �� . 2d) Floating Point Unit - �� (�� 0x07) �� FPU � �� Task Switched flag (�� ). Menuet �� , �� Task Switched flag. �� jmp TSS. ��, �� TSS ��, �� c�� : 1) ( s7 ) �� (eip � �� ) � �� TSS � �� 'fpu_handler� (sys32.inc). 2) ( fpu_handler ) �� TS-flag, �� FPU � �� iret, �� TS flag. 2e) �� (IRQ 0) �� Menuet. �� 100 �� change_task (�� ). Change_task - �� , �� , ��, �� . �� : 1) �� , �� 2) �� flags �� , �� jmp -�� 3) �� CPU (�� ) �� . 4) a) �� , �� process list (�� ) � �� TSS � GDT b) �� , �� . irq0: ; �� ; �� [error_interrupt] ; �� erroneus �� , ; �� , �� . cmp [error_interrupt],-1 je no_error_in_previous_process mov edi,[error_interrupt] ; �� GDT flags imul edi,8 mov [edi+tss0i_l +5], word 01010000b *256 +11101001b mov edi,[error_interrupt] ; �� imul edi,128 add edi,0x290000 mov esi,[error_interrupt_entry] mov [edi+l.eip-tss_sceleton],esi ; �� flags (��) � �� TSS mov [edi+l.eflags-tss_sceleton],dword 0x11002 ; cli mov [0xffff],byte 0 ; �change task� flag (�� ) �� ; �� mov [error_interrupt],-1 ; .. �� no_error_in_previous_process: mov edi,[0x3000] ; �� GDT imul edi,8 ; �� jmp mov [edi+gdts+ tss0 +5], word 01010000b *256 +11101001b inc dword [0xfdf0] ; �� mov eax,[0xfdf0] ; �� cmp eax,[next_usage_update] ; ��, � �� , � �� jb nocounter add eax,100 mov [next_usage_update],eax call updatecputimes nocounter: mov edi,[0x3010] ; �� , �� mov ebx,[edi+0x18] ; �� call _rdtsc sub eax,ebx add eax,[edi+0x14] mov [edi+0x14],eax mov ebx,[0x3000] cmp [0xffff],byte 1 je do_not_change_task waiting_for_termination: waiting_for_reuse: add edi,0x20 inc ebx cmp [edi+0xa],byte 3 ; �� je waiting_for_termination ; �� (-1) cmp [edi+0xa],byte 4 ; �� je waiting_for_termination ; �� cmp [edi+0xa],byte 9 ; �� je waiting_for_reuse cmp ebx,[0x3004] jbe nsched0 mov ebx,1 mov edi,0x3020 nsched0: mov [0x3000],ebx ; �� mov [0x3010],edi ; �� do_not_change_task: call _rdtsc ; �� mov [edi+0x18],eax ; �� cmp [0xffff],byte 0 ; �� do not change task� je nodecffff ; (�� ) dec byte [0xffff] nodecffff: shl bx,3 ; �� GDT �� add bx,tss0 mov [tss_s],bx mov al,0x20 ; �� Programmable Interrupt Controller mov dx,0x20 ; (�� ) out dx,al db 0xea ; jmp .. ( to gdt ) tss_t dd 0 ; word (tss0+(process_slot*8)):dword 0 tss_s dw tss0 jmp irq0 ; �� irq0 2f) �� GDT, �� . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . GDT ( TSS0_L ) . . . . �� : �� TSS . . �� : sys32.inc, gdt, tss0i_l: . . �� : ( max_processes ) * 8 bytes . . �� : �� TSS � [0x40000] . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �� , os �� Task State Segment (�� ) � �� (�� 3) �� GDT, �� . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . �� TSS . . . . �� : Task State Segment (�� ) . . �� : [0x290000] . . �� : ( max_processes ) * 128 bytes . . �� : GDT, �� . . . . eip -> mem : ( �� ) . . esp -> mem : ( �� ) . . cs -> GDT : app_code_l + �� . . ds -> GDT : app_data_l + �� . . ss -> GDT : app_data_l + �� . . es -> GDT : app_data_l + �� . . gs -> GDT : app_data_l + �� . . fs -> GDT : app_data_l + �� . . eflags : dword 0x11102 ( sti, resume ) . . ss0 -> GDT : inte_code . . ss1 -> GDT : ring1_code . . ss2 -> GDT : ring2_code . . esp0 -> mem : 0x55000 . . esp1 -> mem : 0x56000 . . esp2 -> mem : 0x57000 . . io -> abs : 512 -> �� . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2g) �� Menuet �� IRQ, �� . �� , �� . p_irq3: ; �� , �� ; �� IRQ ; �� TSS - eflags call restore_caller ; �� mov edi,15 ; �� call irqhandler ; �� : irqhandler call return_to_caller ; �� jmp p_irq3 restore_caller: ; �� ; gdt, �� , �� ; �� , ; �� ; �� (��) mov edi,[0x3000] imul edi,8 mov [edi+gdts+ tss0 +5], word 01010000b *256 +11101001b ret return_to_caller: mov ebx,[0x3000] ; �� jmp ( 0xea ) � shl bx,3 ; �� add bx,tss0t mov [tss_irq12],bx db 0xea dd 0 tss_irq12 dw tss0t ret ; �� IRQ 3 � ; �� ; ��, �� , ; �� ; �� irqhandler: ... ret 2h) �� , �� . �� TSS, �� , �� . �� . �� , �� os � �� . �� , �� - �� TSS. �� i40, �� GDT, �� TSS, �� . �� i40, �� , �� TSS. �� 4096 �� . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . GDT ( TSS0SYS ) . . . . �� : �� TSS . . �� : sys32.inc, �tss0sys:� . . �� : 128 * 8 bytes . . �� : 0x298000, 0x60 �� 128 �� . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . �� TSS � 0x298000 . . . . �� : Task State Segment (�� ) . . �� : [0x290000] . . �� : 0x60 * 128ytes . . �� : GDT, �� . . . . eip -> mem : i40 . . esp -> mem : 0x780000, 128 * 4096 byte . . cs -> GDT : int_code . . ds -> GDT : int_data . . ss -> GDT : int_data . . es -> GDT : int_data . . gs -> GDT : int_data . . fs -> GDT : int_data . . eflags : dword 0x11002 ( cli, resume ) . . ss0 -> GDT : int_code . . ss1 -> GDT : ring1_code . . ss2 -> GDT : ring2_code . . esp0 -> mem : 0x52000 . . esp1 -> mem : 0x53000 . . esp2 -> mem : 0x54000 . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; ;; ;; �� ;; ;; ;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; i40: cli mov edi,[0x3000] ; �� GDT �� imul edi,8 ; �� , �� ; �� jmp mov [edi+gdts+ tss0 +5], word 01010000b *256 +11101001b mov eax,[schd] ; �� mov [usedi40+eax],byte 1 push eax mov edi,[0x3000] ; �� imul edi,256 ; � �� mov [edi+0x80000+0xB0],eax mov eax,0 ; �� search_free_i40: ; �� 0x40 cmp [usedi40+eax],byte 0 je found_free_i40 inc eax cmp eax,110 jbe search_free_i40 jmp $ found_free_i40: mov [schd],eax mov edx,8 ; �� GDT imul edx,[schd] ; ( � 0x40 ) � �� add edx,tss0sys ; �� mov edi,8*0x40 mov [edi+idts+ 8 +0], word 0 mov [edi+idts+ 8 +2], dx mov [edi+idts+ 8 +4], word 11100101b*256 mov [edi+idts+ 8 +6], word 0 mov ebx,[0x3000] shl ebx,3 add ebx,tss0_l mov ecx,[0x3000] shl ecx,2 mov eax,[0x3000] mov [tasknum+ecx],eax mov eax,[ebx] mov [reg1+ecx],eax mov eax,[ebx+4] mov [reg2+ecx],eax mov ecx,8 imul ecx,[esp] mov eax,[tss0sys_l+ecx] mov [ebx],eax mov eax,[tss0sys_l+ecx+4] mov [ebx+4],eax call save_registers ; �� mov esi,[0x3000] imul esi,128 add esi,0x40000 mov eax,[esi+l.eax-tss_sceleton] ; �� mov ebx,[esi+l.ebx-tss_sceleton] ; �� mov ecx,[esi+l.ecx-tss_sceleton] pusha mov edi,[esi+l.eax-tss_sceleton] ; �� mov eax,[esi+l.ebx-tss_sceleton] mov ebx,[esi+l.ecx-tss_sceleton] mov ecx,[esi+l.edx-tss_sceleton] mov edx,[esi+l.esi-tss_sceleton] mov esi,[esi+l.edi-tss_sceleton] sti ; � �� push eax ; �� and edi,0xff call dword [servetable+edi*4] pop eax cli popa ; �� ; �� mov esi,[0x3000] imul esi,128 add esi,0x40000 mov [esi+l.eax-tss_sceleton],eax ; �� mov [esi+l.ebx-tss_sceleton],ebx ; �� TSS mov [esi+l.ecx-tss_sceleton],ecx mov ebx,[0x3000] shl ebx,3 add ebx,tss0_l mov ecx,[0x3000] shl ecx,2 mov eax,[reg1+ecx] mov [ebx],eax mov eax,[reg2+ecx] mov [ebx+4],eax mov [tasknum+ecx],dword 0 mov edi,8 pop eax ; �� gdt mov [usedi40+eax],byte 0 imul edi,eax mov [edi+tss0sys_l +5], word 01010000b *256 +11101001b mov ebx,[0x3000] ; jmp -> TSS �� shl bx,3 add bx,tss0t mov [tss_s3],bx db 0xea tss_t3 dd 0 tss_s3 dw tss0t jmp i40 save_registers: ; �� ... ret servetable: ; �� dd sys_drawwindow ; 0-DrawWindow (�� ) dd syscall_setpixel ; 1-SetPixel (�� ) dd sys_getkey ; 2-GetKey (�� ) ... dd sys_ipc ; 60-Inter Process Communication (�� ) dd sys_gs ; 61-Direct graphics access (�� ) dd sys_pci ; 62-PCI functions (�� PCI) dd sys_msg_board ; 63-System message board (�� ) times 255 - ( ($-servetable) /4 ) dd undefined_syscall dd sys_end ; -1 �� 2i) �� , �� . �� servetable� (�� ) � �� sys32.inc. �� , �� , �� : eax < - ebx, ebx < - ecx, ecx < - edx, edx < - esi, esi < - edi. �� edx, �� ecx �� . �� servertable (�� ), �� .. mov eax,(new_system_function_number) mov ebx,2 int 0x40 .. �� . new_system_function: cmp eax,2 ; ebx �� eax jne label1 mov dx,0x60 in al,dx mov [esp+36],eax ; �� eax �� ret label1: mov [esp+36],eax ; �� eax �� ret �� , �� . �� . mov [esp+36],eax ; �� eax �� mov [esp+24],ebx ; ebx mov [esp+32],ecx ; ecx ret ; �� , �� 'ret' �� , �� . �� - �� , �� . mov esi,[0x3010] ; esi <- �� mov edi,[esi+0x10] ; edi <- �� (�� + edi). --