Open Plaques Area Toronto, ON (original) (raw)

Charles William Jefferys 1869-1951 Writer, artist, and illustrator of historical novels and textbooks, Charles Jefferys emigrated to Canada from England in 1879. After studying at the Toronto Art Students League, he joined the New York Herald as an illustrator in 1892, but returned to Canada in 1900 to work as a freelance artist for the Globe and the Daily Star. From 1911 to 1939 he taught drawing and painting at the University of Toronto. He painted landscapes and historical subjects across Canada, but is best known for his carefully researched drawings, such as those in his three volume Picture Gallery of Canadian History.

1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Professor of Literature Marshall McLuhan (1911 - 1980), a pioneer in the study of media, communications, and popular culture, lived here from 1955 to 1968.

29 Wells Hill Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Alexander Muir (1830 - 1906) Schoolmaster, poet and the author of "The Maple Leaf Forever," lived here from 1891 - 1901. He was inspired to write the song in 1867 following a walk in Leslie Gardens, during which a Maple leaf is said to have fallen and clung to his sleeve. Muir was born in Lesmahagow, Scotland, and came to Upper Canada with his parents at an early age. He was educated in his father's school in Scarborough, and at Queen's University. After teaching in various centres, he became the principal of Gladstone Avenue Public School in 1888.

9 Mackenzie Crescent, Toronto, ON, Canada

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The novelist Robertson Davies (1913-1995) lived here from 1963 to 1981 as the first Master of Massey College

Devonshire Place, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Charles William Jefferys 1869-1951 This house was the residence and studio of one of Canada's leading historical artists. Born in Rochester, England, he came to Toronto about 1880, and first worked as a lithographer's apprentice. He studied art under G.A. Reid and C.M. Manley, and was a pioneer in the painting of distinctive Canadian scenes. Jefferys had an intense interest in history and his reputation rests principally on his accurate and meticulous portrayal of early Canadian life. The best known collection of his historical sketches is "The Picture Gallery of Canadian History". Jefferys was a president of the Ontario Society of Artists and a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.

Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Alexander Muir 1830-1906 principal of nearby Leslieville Public School who was inspired to write Canada's national song "The Maple Leaf Forever" by the falling leaves of this sturdy maple tree.

corner of Laing Street and Memory Lane, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Art Deco Bronze Doors The Art Deco bronze doors at the entranceway to this building originally graced the main entrance of the Toronto Star building at 80 King St. W. from 1929 to 1971. When the Star relocated, the doors were donated to the Royal Ontario Museum. In 1991, they were presented to the newly-renovated 357 Bay St. Building for public display.

357 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

184 Roxborough Drive Nancy Ruth (nee Jackman) - feminist, social and political activist, and philanthropist - lived at 184 Roxborough Drive, the house just east of this entrance to Chorley Park, from 1980 to 1996. Women influenced the history of the city and the nation from this house. The thinking, planning and work they did here, and the events they attended, focused on advancing the equality of women socially, economically, politically, and culturally. Women of the Ad Hoc Committee of Canadian Women on the Constitution organized at this house their successful campaign to entrench equality guarantees for women in the Constitution of Canada when it was patriated in 1982. The Ad Hoc Committee continued its work here during the campaigns against the Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords in 1987-90 and 1992. Women of the Charter of Rights Coalition here planned to influence how governments set out equality guarantees in law and to educate people on the impact of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Women gathered here to found LEAF - the Women's Legal Education and Action Fund - to support women who assert their equality rights in the courts. Women came here to found the Canadian Women's Foundation to promote the economic development of women and girls. Women worked here under the direction of constitutional lawyer Mary Eberts to support the court challenge by the Native Women's Association of Canada to the Charlottetown Accord. Women met here to go on-line, across time, by creating the CoolWomen Internet website to highlight and celebrate the contribution of women to their history and the future of Canada. Nancy Ruth founded here Nancy's Very Own Foundation, the first feminist private foundation in Canada, which provides much-needed leadership to increase philanthropic giving to women and girls. Many fundraising events were held in the house for organizations based in Toronto that had no access to other large houses. The organizations included the Canadian Voice of Women for Peace, the Canadian Women's Foundation, Casey House, the DisAbled Women's Network, Intercede for Domestic Workers, the International Institute of Concern for Public Health, LEAF, The Linden School, the National Action Committee on the Status of Women, Skywords Films, and the Toronto Institute for Human Relations. Fundraisers for women in politics included those for Susan Fish, Nancy Jackman, June Rowlands and Barbara Hall. To this house came: Moira Armour, Sally Armstrong, Denise Arsenault, Beth Atcheson, Sister Rosalie Bertell, Chandra Budhu, Mary Corkery, Catharine Devlin, Valerie Fine, Ursula Franklin, Madeleine Gilchrist, Diane Goudir, Pat Hacker, Grace Hartman, Margaret Jackson, Tamara Johnson, Dario Kiperchuk, Kay Macpherson, Catharine A. MacKinnon, Marilou McPhedran, Pamela Medjuck, Florence Minz Geneed, Eleanor Moore, Linda Palmer Nye, Romily O'Connor Perry, Judith Ramirez, Laura Sabia, Pat Staton, Beth Symes, Susan McCrae Vander Voet, Sheila Ward, Susan Woods, Jean Woodsworth, and many, many more. This plaque has been placed on a piece of Ontario granite as tough and enduring as the women it commemorates.

184 Roxborough Drive, Toronto, ON, Canada

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139-145 Front Street East In 1867, William Davies built a two storey brick building here and established the first large meat-packing house in Toronto. J. & J. Taylor Safeworks purchased the building in 1871, and as the business flourished, added two storeys and an addition to the west and south. The buildings were renovated in 1978-80 as part of the revitalized historic St. Lawrence District.

139-145 Front Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

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107 Wellington Street West 1889 The oldest private club building in Ontario, 107 Wellington Street West was designed for the Toronto Club in 1888-89 by Frank Darling and Samuel Curry. Its design mixes different architectural styles and marks an important transition in Darling's career. The sandstone base, terracotta details, windows and capitals on the ground floor reflect the Richardson Romanesque Style. The second floor's Palladian-like windows, pilasters and capitals, frieze, cornice mouldings and the nearly square attic windows are in the Renaissance Revival Style. The interior contains a billiards room, reading rooms, and dining rooms finished with wood paneling and carvings, stone and marble fireplaces, and plaster ceilings.

107 Wellington Street West , Toronto, ON, Canada

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The Athenaeum Club 1891 Built for the Athenaeum Club, this façade was designed by the architectural firm Denison and King in a Moorish Revival style, rare in Toronto. It features intricate brickwork, several Moorish window arches, and in the balcony, a cast-iron column with an exotic capital. From 1904 to 1967, the building was the Labor Temple - a home to the local labour movement, and host to key debates in Canadian labour history.

167 Church Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Babe Ruth in Toronto Near this site, at the old Hanlan's Point Stadium, on 5 September 1914, baseball's legendary Babe Ruth hit his first home run as a professional - the only home run he ever hit in the minor leagues. The lanky 19-year-old rookie, playing for the Providence Greys in the International League, connected with a pitch off Ellis Johnson of the Toronto Maple Leafs, sending the ball over the fence in right field and scoring three runs for his team. Ruth, as pitcher of his team, allowed only one hit and the Greys shut out Toronto 9-0. His later career made Babe Ruth a monumental figure in baseball history. This plaque commemorates both the extraordinary career of Babe Ruth and the important contribution made by Toronto to the game of baseball from "Little League" teams to the Toronto Blue Jays of the American League. [plaque removed]

Hanlan's Point ferry dock, Toronto Island, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Allan Maclean Howard House The Second Mile Club This house, now home to the Second Mile Club, was built in 1850 for A. Maclean Howard, a prominent citizen. Howard rode his horse to work along Carlton Street, then a tree lined country road bordered on the north by forests. In 1947 Arthur Davidson, the last owner to live in the house, sold it to the City of Toronto. He asked that the house be used as a senior citizens' clubhouse, which it became when the Second Mile Club began leasing it that same year. Eunice Dyke, the influential head of the City's Public Health nurses, founded The Second Mile Club in 1937 to encourage meaningful activities among the elderly. The first organization of senior citizens in Canada, the club still operates the house as a centre, one of five in the city of Toronto that continue to provide a valuable service to the elderly.

192 Carlton Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Ashbridge Estate This property was home to one family for two centuries. Sarah Ashbridge and her family moved here from Pennsylvania and began clearing land in 1794. Two years later they were granted 243 ha between Ashbridge's Bay and present day Danforth Avenue. The Ashbridges prospered as farmers until Toronto suburbs began surrounding their land in the 1880s. They sold all but this part of their original farm by the 1920s. Donated to the Ontario Heritage Trust in 1972, it was the family estate until 1997. As they changed from pioneers to farmers to professionals over 200 years on this property, the Ashbridges personified Ontario's development from agricultural frontier to urban industrial society.

1444 Queen Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

Alexander Robert Duff April 12, 1887 - December 16, 1952 Chemical engineer, explorer, photographer and superb athlete, Alex Duff was a pioneer in coaching girls' swimming, springboard and platform diving. From 1924 he trained girls exclusively, founding the Dolphinets (Swimming and Diving) Club in 1926. Many that he coached became Canadian Champions and competed in the Olympic and British Empire Games between 1920 and 1950. He developed ornamental swimming (synchronized swimming) and was the Official Coach of the Canadian Swimming and Diving Team at the 1934 British Empire Games in London, England, and Assistant Coach to the Canadian team at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin, Germany. A charter member of the Toronto Ski Club and early member of the Toronto Camera Club, he died suddenly in 1952. This building is located in part of the old "Christie Sand Pits", the beginning of a ravine system, now mostly buried. A branch of Garrison Creek, which once quenched the thirst of Fort York soldiers, passed through the ravine. In the early 1900's, this area, supplemented by fresh water springs, was a popular swimming hole for neighbourhood children.

entrance to the Alex Duff Pool in Christie Pits Park, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Professional Baseball at Hanlan's Point In 1867, Toronto's professional baseball club moved to the new Hanlan's Point Stadium - part of the larger Hanlan's Point Amusement Park on this site. Baseball and lacrosse joined other attractions here, including hotels, thrilling amusement rides, and such curiosities as a diving horse. In 1910, the baseball team, now called the Toronto Maple Leafs, replaced its wooden stadium with a concrete, 18,000-seat structure named Maple Leaf Park. The team remained there for the next 15 years, winning pennants for adoring fans in 1912, 1917, and 1918. In 1926, the club was moved to a more accessible, state-of-the-art stadium at the foot of Bathurst Street. The island stadium was eventually demolished and the site was redeveloped for the Toronto Island Airport.

Hanlan's Point ferry dock, Toronto Island, Toronto, ON, Canada

This area includes the site of Taiaiagon Iroquois Village at the foot of the Toronto Carrying Place (Le Portage de Toronto). This way passed Étienne Brûlé, first white man to see Lake Ontario, 1615; René Robert Cavelier de la Salle, explorer of the Mississippi 1680 and 1681; John Graves Simcoe, first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, 1793. These lands now known as Baby Point were purchased by Honourable James Baby, member of the Legislative and Executive Councils, 1820.

south-west corner of Baby Point Road and Baby Point Crescent , Toronto, ON, Canada

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The Arena Gardens On this site, the Arena Gardens, at the time Canada's largest indoor facility, opened 7 October 1912. It became the new home of Toronto's first professional hockey team, the Toronto Arenas, later renamed the Toronto Maple Leafs. Besides hockey, other sports, including bicycle racing, curling, boxing, wrestling and tennis used the space. On 10 June 1925, the building held the inaugural service of the United Church of Canada. Remodelled to include roller skating facilities and renamed the Mutual Street Arena in 1938, it hosted the Glen Miller Band in 1942 and crooner Frank Sinatra in 1948 as well as the city's first Boat Show in 1954. The Arena was extensively remodelled in 1962 and renamed The Terrace. It was demolished in 1989.

88 Mutual Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Annesley Hall Inspired by English cottages, this woman's residence is a fine example of Queen Anne Revival architecture in Canada. A welcoming, home-like setting is conveyed through the harmony of an irregular massed composition, many bay window and dormers. This domestic grandeur was believed proper for young women students in the early 20th century. Designed by George M. Miller and completed in 1903, this early women's residence at Victoria College in the University of Toronto eloquently marks the achievement of women's access to higher education.

Charles Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Avenue Road Church Built in 1899 as the Presbyterian Church of the Covenant, this church was designed by architects Gordon and Helliwell. The bold use of white Kingston limestone makes the building a significant landmark. In 1925 it became the Avenue Road United Church. Known as the Stone Church during the late 1930s, it was taken over by the Church of the Nazarene in 1941, with Charles Templeton as preacher. The building was gutted by fire in 1944, but was later restored.

243 Avenue Road, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Bank of British North America On this site, in 1845, the Bank of British North America built its first branch in Toronto. The present building, designed by architect Henry Langley, replaced the original in 1875. The building later underwent several alterations, some under the direction of Burke, Horwood and White, Architects. In 1918 the Bank of British North America was incorporated into the Bank of Montreal, which retained a branch here until 1949 when the Imperial Bank purchased the building. After the Bank of Commerce and Imperial Bank merged in 1961, a branch of Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce continued to operate here until 1978. Restoration and renovation work by Greymac Trust Company was completed in 1982.

49 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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The Baldwin Family Looking south, one can see Spadina Road, laid out by the Baldwin family as a grand thoroughfare from Queen Street to Davenport Road. William Baldwin (1775-1844), physician, lawyer, politician and architect built the first "Spadina" in 1818 and the second in 1835 after the earlier home was destroyed by fire. After William's death the estate passed to his son Robert Baldwin (1804-1858) one time co-premier of the united Canadas. Both men were leading political figures whose drive for peaceful change brought about major constitutional and administrative reform in government including the implementation of "responsible government" initiated by William Baldwin.

Baldwin Steps at Davenport Road and Spadina Road, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Bailey Bridge Construction 2nd Field Engineer Regiment On October 15, 1954, Hurricane Hazel struck the Scarborough area with terrifying force, severely damaging or completely washing out several bridges. To maintain a safe flow of traffic throughout the Municipality, a number of Bailey Bridges were erected by the 2nd Field Engineer Regiment of the Canadian Military Engineers. This bridge is the last of those remaining in service in Scarborough. This plaque serves to commemorate the efforts of the 2nd Field Engineer Regiment in meeting this natural disaster.

Bridge over Rouge River, Finch Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

Birkbeck Building In its rich Edwardian Baroque details, classical composition, steel frame and fireproofed surfaces, the Birkbeck Building represents a transitional period of urban commercial design which combined historical style with modern technology. Built in 1908 for the Canadian Birkbeck Investment and Savings Company, this four-storey office building is typical of many small financial institutions prevalent in central business districts of Canadian cities before World War I. Designed by George W. Gouinlock, the Birkbeck Building was restored by the Ontario Heritage Trust in 1987.

10 Adelaide Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

Awde St. This street was opened by the City of Toronto in 1908 and named for the Awde family, owners of this estate. Robert Awde (1838-1921) came to Canada with his family in 1868 and was for many years employed as a health inspector and later chief health inspector for the City of Toronto. He retired in 1918 after thirty-eight years of distinguished public service. In 1981, upon application by the Croatian community, the name Awde Street was changed by the City of Toronto to Croatia Street.

south-east corner of Croatia Street and Brock Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

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The Beach Hebrew Institute In 1920 the Beach Hebrew Institute was established in this building. It was formerly the Kenilworth Avenue Baptist Church, built in 1895 and occupied until 1909. Later, for nine years, it was a local community centre known as Kenilworth Hall. Several years after it was acquired for a synagogue, the facade was altered under the supervision of architect W.G. Hunt to resemble more traditional 'shtibel' architectural style of small European communities, and the arched windows, parapet and entrance were added. This historic place of worship is an important part of the Beach community.

109 Kenilworth Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

Barbara Ann Scott Ice Rink Barbara Ann Scott became, in 1948, the first Canadian to win the Olympic Gold Medal and the World Figure Skating title. She was voted Canada's Outstanding Female Athlete on three separate occasions by the Canadian Press and was elected to Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1955. Named in her honor, this rink in College Park was officially opened by Barbara Ann Scott King and Mayor Art Eggleton 20 December 1983.

Behind College Park, south-west corner of Yonge and College Streets, Toronto, ON, Canada

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The Battle of York 1813 Loyal residents of York (Toronto) were encouraged by early British victories in the War of 1812, but in 1813, they experienced first-hand the hardships of war. On the morning of April 27th, an American fleet appeared offshore and began to send 1,700 soldiers ashore two kilometres west of here. At first only a small force of Ojibwa warriors was in position to resist the landing. After fierce skirmishing the invaders advanced, overcoming defensive stands by outnumbered British and Canadian troops. As they closed in on the main garrison near here, the retreating British ignited a gunpowder storehouse. It exploded, killing 38 Americans and wounding 222 more. Victorious nonetheless, the Americans occupied York for six days. They looted and set buildings ablaze, including the Parliament Buildings.

East end of Fort York parking lot, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Birthplace of Standard Time In a building which stood immediately west of this site, Sandford Fleming (1827-1915) read a paper before the Canadian Institute on February 8, 1879, outlining his concept of a worldwide, uniform system for reckoning time. This was prompted by Fleming's observation of the difficulties imposed upon east-west travellers, particularly over long distances as in North America, by arbitrary variations in local time. Circulated among the principal governments of the world, Fleming's proposal gave rise to the International Prime Meridian Conference at Washington in 1884, at which the basis of today's system of Standard Time was adopted. The Conference also endorsed Fleming's idea of a "Universal Day" or 24-hour clock.

in front of the parking garage of the building on the east side of Berti Street just north of Richmond Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Birthplace of Robert Baldwin On May 12, 1804, Canadian statesman Robert Baldwin was born in a house that stood on this site. A reluctant politician, he is recognized as the father of responsible government in Canada and as the first real premier of this province. His legacy includes the reformation of the judicial and education systems, the foundation of the non-sectarian University of Toronto and the granting, in 1849, of a general amnesty for participants in the rebellion of 1837. Robert Baldwin died on December 9, 1858.

132 Front Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Betty Sutherland Trail Betty Sutherland served thirteen years as an elected representative on North York Council until her retirement from politics in 1985. From 1979 to 1985, Mrs. Sutherland was a member of Metropolitan Toronto Council and the Metropolitan Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. Devoted to the improvement of recreational opportunities for citizens and visitors to Metropolitan Toronto, Mrs. Sutherland was Chairman of Metropolitan Toronto's Parks, Recreation and Property Committee from 1982 to 1985 and a member of the Authority's Don Valley Advisory Board from 1981 to 1984. The naming of this trail is a symbol of the significant contribution she made to Metropolitan Toronto's regional parks.

Sheppard Avenue East/Leslie Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Belmont House In 1852, a commitment to the care of others motivated a small group of women to open the Magdalen Asylum and Industrial House of Refuge for the Shelter of Homeless Women in a rented house on Richmond street. After a move to this site in 1860, a new house of refuge was constructed in 1873, followed by a second building in 1891 dedicated to the care of aged women. By 1908 elderly men were also taken in and Belmont House was built to provide facilities for even greater numbers of both men and women. The house of refuge closed in 1939 and the institution devoted itself thereafter to the care of the elderly. The three old houses were demolished in 1966 and the present Belmont House was opened in 1969 by his Excellency The Rt. Hon. Roland Michener, Governor-General Of Canada. A further addition along Davenport Road was completed in 1992.

55 Belmont Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Bell Telephone Company Building 1926 Designed in Edwardian Classical style by Montreal architect W.J. Carmichael, this building was constructed to accommodate the switching equipment, switchboard operators, and technicians needed for Bell Telephone's rapidly expanding service in this area. Prior to automated call routing, operators would direct each telephone call to its requested number. The first local phone calls were routed from a drug store in New Toronto, where a switchboard was in operation by 1914. By 1925, Bell Telephone employed 26 people in the area, and one year later, this new facility was completed on an increasingly industrial section of Birmingham Street. By 1929, fifty-two staff worked here, and handled a daily average of 13,000 phone calls in an area including Humber Bay, the Town of Mimico, the Town of New Toronto, and Long Branch. This Bell Telephone Company building was extended to the east in 1948, and continued to serve Bell until 1981.

80 Birmingham Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Canada's First Air Mail At 10:12 a.m. on June 24, 1918, Captain Brian Peck of the Royal Air Force and mechanic Corporal C.W. Mathers took off from the Bois Franc Polo Grounds in Montreal in a JN-4 Curtiss two-seater airplane. They had with them the first bag of mail to be delivered by air in Canada. Wind and rain buffetted the small plane and forced it to make refuelling stops at Kingston and Deseronto. Finally, at 4:55 p.m., Peck and Mathers landed at the Leaside Aerodrome (immediately southwest of here). The flight had been arranged by a civilian organization, the Aerial League of the British Empire, to demonstrate that aviation was the way of the future.

corner of Brentcliffe Road and Broadway Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

Chinatown The first recorded Chinese resident in Toronto was Sam Ching, who opened a business on Adelaide Street in 1878. This pioneer was joined by a growing number of Chinese, many of whom migrated eastward after they helped to build the Transcontinental Pacific Railway. By 1910 the Chinese in Toronto numbered over 1,000, largely concentrated in the Elizabeth Street area. Over the next seventy years the community grew, business increased and expanded. In the 1980s, over 100,000 people of Chinese origin reside in Metropolitan Toronto and are prominently represented in all aspects of community life. [plaque removed]

Nathan Phillips Square, Chinatown, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Burwash Hall Victoria University Burwash Hall initially consisted of four houses of residence (north, middle, gate and south) for the men students of Victoria College, an adjoining dining hall, and a senior common room for faculty. Completed in 1913, these buildings were designed in the "Collegiate Gothic" style by Sproatt and Rolph, a prominent architectural firm of the period. Burwash Hall was a gift from the estate of Hart Massey who attended Victoria College in its very early years from 1842 to 1845 when the college was located in Cobourg, Ontario. as directed by Massey's executors, the complex was named after the Rev. Nathanael Burwash, STD, LL.D., chancellor and president of Victoria University from 1887 to 1913. In 1931, the same architects supervised the completion of five additional houses (Ryerson, Nelles, Caven, Gandier, and Bowles) for students of divinity at the university's Emmanuel College which had been founded just three years earlier in 1928. These additions were made possible largely through gifts from individuals and pastoral charges in the United Church of Canada. In 1988, after being closed for a year of extensive renovation and restoration work, the Burwash Dining Hall wing was reopened to serve the entire Victoria community including its women residents who had until then taken their meals in separate dining facilities.

Charles Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

C. W. Jefferys 1869-1951 This house was the residence and studio of one of Canada's leading historical artists. Born in Rochester, England, he came to Toronto about 1880, and first worked as a lithographer's apprentice. He studied art under G.A. Reid and C.M. Manley, and was a pioneer in the painting of distinctive Canadian scenes. Jefferys had an intense interest in history and his reputation rests principally on his accurate and meticulous portrayal of early Canadian life. The best known collection of his historical sketches is "The Picture Gallery of Canadian History". Jefferys was a president of the Ontario Society of Artists and a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.

4111 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Brown's Line In 1793 approximately 650 hectares of land was granted to Colonel Samuel Smith, a vast tract of forest bounded by what is now Kipling Avenue, Bloor Street, Etobicoke Creek and Lake Ontario. After his death in 1826, the Smith tract was divided into concessions and the names O'Connor, Sandford, Horner, Evans and Brown are prominent on early maps of the area. Joseph Brown emigrated from Yorkshire, England in 1831 and shortly after his arrival he became the first permanent settler, establishing a farm on Concession III, just north of what is now Evans Avenue. The dirt track leading to this farm was called "Brown's Line", a name that continues to this day.

corner of Brown's Line and Horner Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Cathedral Church of St. James In 1796 the first Anglican priest arrived from England to minister to the citizens of York. The following year the Province set aside this piece of land for the building of a church. The present Cathedral, the fourth church erected on this site, opened in 1853, replacing the previous structure destroyed in the Great Fire of 1849. The first Bishop of Toronto, the Right Reverend John Strachan, along with a number of his parishioners, played an important role in the early development of the city and province. Over the years, the cathedral, the Mother Church for Anglicans in the diocese of Toronto, has been a place of worship, prayer and outreach in the heart of a busy community.

Church Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Canadian Military Institute Building 1908 This is one of the few remaining early buildings on University Avenue. Across the street from the Armouries (demolished 1963), it was designed in the Beaux-Arts style for the Canadian Military Institute by Chadwick and Beckett, Architects. The facade was originally of brick and stone, with second-floor balconies (now closed in). Founded in 1890, the Institute was dedicated to the professional development of citizen Militia Officers, responsible for leading the under-funded Militia units that formed the bulk of the Canadian Army. It combined a place of collegiality with library, museum, and lecture facilities. Granted a "Royal" prefix in 1948, its membership now includes serving and retired officers, as well as interested civilians. The Canadian Military Institute Building continues to be one of Canada's leading voices concerned with issues of defence, diplomacy, and peace.

426 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

Canadian National Exhibition The second half of the 19th century was an era in which technological innovation brought rapid economic progress and social change. The spirit of the age was reflected in an annual fair that first opened on this site on September 5, 1879. Staged by the Industrial Exhibition Association of Toronto, it offered medals and prize money to encourage innovation and improvement in agriculture, manufacturing and the arts. The fair quickly became a popular attraction and a boon to the local economy. A national event since 1912, the CNE continues to showcase Canadian creativity and achievement.

Dufferin Gates, Exhibition grounds, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Canadian International Air Show Human fascination with flight has made air shows popular since the early days of aviation. Toronto was the site of numerous air shows as it developed into a centre of air transportation and aircraft manufacturing in the early twentieth century. The Canadian International Air Show originated in 1946 when the National Aeronautical Association of Canada attracted overflow crowds to a show at De Havilland Airport in Downsview. Staged annually thereafter, the air show moved to Exhibition Place in 1949 and became a regular feature of the Canadian National Exhibition in 1956. Here it developed into a world class exhibition featuring diverse types of aircraft, precision and stunt flying, and aeronautical technology.

Lake Shore Blvd. West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Chorley Park Chorley Park was originally the property of Toronto Alderman John Hallam, born in Chorley, Lancashire. In 1911 the garden provided the setting for Ontario's last Government House, which was designed by F.R. Heakes and built of Credit Valley stone in the French Chateau style. The house stood at the end of a curving approach from Roxborough Drive. From 1915 it was the imposing official residence for five Lieutenant-Governors, where distinguished visitors and Toronto citizens attended levees, receptions and charity balls, until closed for financial reasons in 1937. Acquired by the government of Canada, it served as a military hospital from 1940 to 1953, and later as RCMP headquarters and for Toronto Militia purposes. Chorley Park was purchased by the City of Toronto in 1960 and the building was demolished a year later when the site was developed as a public park.

245 Douglas Drive, Toronto, ON, Canada

Charles Trick Currelly 1876-1957 Born in Exeter, Huron County, this renowned archaeologist, teacher and administrator was educated locally and in Toronto. Completing his studies at Victoria College, he received his B.A. from the University of Toronto in 1898 and his M.A. in 1901. While in London, England, he met the famous Egyptologist, Flinders Petrie, and accompanied him to Egypt. His work in various parts of the Mediterranean world inspired him with the idea of establishing an archaeological museum in Ontario. With the aid of the University of Toronto, he worked toward this goal and when the Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology was created in 1912, Currelly became its first director. He retained this post, as well as a professorship in archaeology at the University, until his retirement in 1946.

Royal Ontario Museum, Queen's Park, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Chudleigh. George Lissant Beardmore, a prosperous tanner, built this house, named for his birthplace, in 1871-72, with additions and alterations by Eden Smith, Architect, in 1890. His son, George Wathen Beardmore, occupied the house until his death. In 1937 it was purchased for use as the Italian Consulate. The property was taken over by the Government of Canada in 1939, and for almost twenty years, the building served as a barracks for the R.C.M.P. In 1962 the Canadian Government gave the house to the Italian community as a training centre for immigrants and in 1977 "Chudleigh" again became Toronto's Italian Consulate.

136 Beverley Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Church of St. Simon-the-Apostle The Anglican parish of St. Simon-the-Apostle was founded in 1883 to serve the expanding Rosedale community. The congregation first worshipped in the chapel of St. James-the-Less, Parliament Street, until this church, by architects Strickland and Symons, was completed in 1887. Five years later it was enlarged to twice its original capacity. The parish hall and first rectory, designed by architect Eden Smith, were built in 1906. St. Simon's church has served as spiritual home to many Torontonians, and its choir of men and boys has long been renowned for its excellence.

525 Bloor Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

Church of Our Lady of Lourdes 1886-1986 Centennial This church was erected as a gift from the clergy of the Archdiocese to the Most Reverend John Joseph Lynch, D.D., the first Roman Catholic Archbishop of Toronto, on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of his consecration. The original church was dedicated on 28 October 1886. The surrounding lands, known as St. John's Grove, had since 1876 been the site of the Archbishop's summer residence and contained a grotto honouring Our Lady of Lourdes. Parts of that residence are still in use as the Church Hall. The original building, modelled after Santa Maria del Populo in Rome, was designed by Frederick Charles Law, R.N. In 1910, alterations by James P. Hynes, Architect, included the addition of the present nave and the incorporation of the former church as the sanctuary.

520 Sherbourne Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Church of Christ 1891 This building was designed by the architecture firm of Knox and Elliot as a Romanesque Revival-style church for a congregation of the Disciples of Christ. Its subsequent uses tell the story of a changing neighbourhood. The church became the Ostrovtzer Synagogue in 1925, and its Jewish congregation replaced the bell tower with the existing domed tower. In 1966, the synagogue became the Chinese Catholic Centre. Eventually acquired by the City of Toronto, the building became the Cecil Street Community Centre in 1978.

Cecil Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Church of All Nations This site was originally part of lands owned in the late 1830s by John Henry Dunn, Receiver-General of Upper Canada. It was purchased in the 1840s by the Methodists to build a small chapel, replaced in 1856 by a larger Gothic-style brick church. By 1900 the church had been enlarged to house the biggest Methodist congregation in Toronto. As the area changed to industrial in the 1920s, the church became vacant. In 1927-28, the United Church of Canada added to the building and established the Church of All Nations, where services were held in many languages. An international fair was held here annually between 1929 and 1957, an early expression of Toronto's multicultural heritage. The Hungarian United Church was the last occupant until 1984 when the building was sold and demolished for commercial development.

422 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Coach-House of Chester Park The coach-house of Chester Park is all that remains of the residence of the Thomas Taylor family, built circa 1880. Robert Davies, a brother-in-law, purchased it in 1885. These two prominent local landowners and manufacturers were responsible for much of the development of East York. The Salvation Army bought Chester Park in 1940 and used it as a children's home until 1976 when the main house was demolished. This surviving structure is still of use to the community and represents part of the heritage left by the Taylors and Davies.

1132 Broadview Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

CNE Bandshell The Bandshell was dedicated by Toronto Mayor Sam McBride and the Lord Mayor of London, Sir Percy Vincent, at the opening of the Canadian National Exhibition 28 August 1936. The Kneller Hall Band of England and the Toronto Symphony Orchestra highlighted the inaugural program. Designed by architects Craig and Madill in the manner of the Hollywood Bowl, the Art Deco Bandshell was long the most up-to-date structure at the CNE. Over the years its outstanding acoustics and mood lighting effects have helped to attract international military and concert bands, world-famed opera and popular performers and audiences in the thousands. The Bandshell is the location for the CNE opening and closing ceremonies.

Exhibition Place, Toronto, ON, Canada

Coliseum Complex, Exhibition Place The Coliseum, erected to showcase the Royal Agricultural Winter Fair and the agricultural programs of the Canadian National Exhibition, opened in 1922. With additions made in 1926, the complex ranked as the largest exhibition space under one roof in the world. Its towers and classical detailing complemented the Beaux Arts buildings at the west end of the Exhibition grounds. During the Second World War, the Coliseum served as a recruitment centre, known as Manning Depot Number One, for the Royal Canadian Air Force. It has hosted a wide range of entertainment and sporting events and has served as a showplace for livestock and other farm products. Today, the Coliseum is part of the Metropolitan Toronto's National Trade Centre, the largest trade and consumer facility in Canada.

Ricoh Coliseum, Exhibition Place, Toronto, ON, Canada

Canada's First Victoria Cross Born in 1833 a short distance north of this site, Alexander Dunn was educated at Upper Canada College and at Harrow, England. In 1853 he was commissioned Lieutenant in the 11th Hussars. A participant in the charge of the Light Brigade at Balaclava on October 25th, 1854, he saved the lives of two of his regiment by cutting down their Russian attackers, and thus became Canada's first winner of the newly-created Victoria Cross. In 1858 Dunn helped to raise the 100th Royal Canadian Regiment, which he later commanded. In 1864 he transferred to the 33rd (Duke of Wellington's) Regiment, and four years later was accidentally killed while hunting in Abyssinia.

Clarence Square Park, Spadina Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Castle Frank The country home of Lieutenant Colonel John Graves Simcoe first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada 1791-1796, stood on these heights just south of this site 1794-1829. Named after Francis Gwillim Simcoe, son of Lieutenant Governor and Mrs. Simcoe, who died in the year 1812, serving under the Duke of Wellington.

Bloor Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

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11 St. Joseph Street Rawlinson Cartage, one of the oldest express and storage firms in Toronto, had their main shop at 610 Yonge Street and their warehouse on St. Nicholas and St. Joseph Streets. The buildings at 5 St. Joseph (built 1905-1907), 11 St. Joseph (built in two phases between 1895 and 1898), 9 St. Nicholas (1913), and the former stables and storehouse at 15 St. Nicholas were red brick buildings with restrained classical detailing. They formed a distinctive commercial enclave in the area northwest of Yonge and Wellesley Streets. Designed by the successive architectural firms of Dick and Wickson, A. Frank Wickson and Wickson and Gregg, the St. Joseph Street facades were noteworthy for their flat-headed, segmental and arched openings, decorative brickwork, strong cornices, and stone details. They exemplified commercial architecture of the 1890s in Toronto. Between 2002 and 2004, the site was redeveloped for residential use. The designated facades on St. Joseph and St. Nicholas Streets were carefully dismantled and reassembled in their original location to commemorate the original architecture of the site.

11 St. Joseph Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Annesley Hall Victoria University This building, named in honour of Susannah Annesley, mother of John Wesley, was built as a residence for women students and officially opened on October 1, 1903. It was designed by George M. Miller in an eclectic style sometimes referred to as "Jacobethan". The initiative to provide for "the Daughters of Methodism" a home of "high moral tone" in an "atmosphere of refined social culture" was taken by Margaret Burwash (wife of Victoria's chancellor of the day), with the able help of Lillian Massey, Margaret Cox and other prominent Methodist women in the community who were known as the Victoria Women's Residence and Educational Association (forerunner of the modern-day Victoria Women's Association). Their tireless efforts raised funds from individuals, the City of Toronto, and congregations far and wide to buy the site from the University of Toronto, furnish the residence, and later help with its upkeep. The building itself, which originally boasted a gymnasium, infirmary, and dining room in addition to residence facilities, was financed in large part by a gift from the estate of Hart M. Massey (father of Lillian) whose generosity to Victoria also made possible the later construction of Burwash Hall for men. In late August, 1988, the building was closed for a year of major renovation and restoration work during which the dining room and kitchen areas were converted to bedroom space thus enabling more students to experience residence life at Victoria. Alumni and friends contributed 400,000throughtheheritagefundtogivethevenerableoldbuildinganewleaseonlife,andhelpdefraythe400,000 through the heritage fund to give the venerable old building a new lease on life, and help defray the 400,000throughtheheritagefundtogivethevenerableoldbuildinganewleaseonlife,andhelpdefraythe4 million cost of the renovations. Annesley Hall was reopened in September 1989 and officially rededicated on October 21 of the same year.

Charles Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Bracondale Hill On this site Robert John Turner (1795-1872) built his house 'Bracondale Hill' about 1847. A lawyer, he practised in the chancery courts at Osgoode Hall and became referee of titles and accountant general of the court of chancery. His son, Frank Edwin Prince Turner, inherited 'Bracondale Hill' and after a career of railroad building in Brazil, Argentina, Honduras and England, returned to become first post-master of Bracondale Village and after, deputy reeve of York Township. Frank's younger brother, Charles Conrad, lived in the house until his death in 1932. In 1937 the mansion was demolished but street names such as Turner, Conrad, Frank and Ashworth recall the influence of the Turner family.

950 Davenport Road, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Colborne Lodge 1836 Built by John Howard (1803-90), it was named after Sir John Colborne, Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada. Howard, an architect and engineer, emigrated from England 1832 becoming Toronto's first City Surveyor 1834 and City Engineer 1838. He was an art collector, painted scenes of Toronto and devoted himself to improving his estate, which forms part of present-day High Park. In 1873 he offered his property to the city for a public park, but retained possession of the Lodge and 18 ha until his death.

Colborne Lodge Drive, High Park, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Casa Loma and the Pellatts Of all the grand houses ever built on this escarpment, Casa Loma is the grandest. Meaning "House (on the) Hill", it was the romantic vision of the industrialist Sir Henry Pellatt (1859-1939). Pellatt made his fortune harnessing the power of Niagara Falls to electrify the streets and homes of Toronto. A flamboyant entrepreneur, he was fascinated by the Middle Ages. Pellatt was knighted in 1905 as patron and commander of the Queen's Own Rifles, a Canadian militia regiment. His towered mansion designed by architect E.J. Lennox in 1909 is an extravagant medieval fantasy. At 98 rooms, it is Canada's largest house. The Pellatts moved into Casa Loma in 1913 and lived there for eleven years. In 1924, faced with severe financial setbacks, Pellatt was forced to sell his cherished home. After an unsuccessful attempt as an apartment-hotel, in 1937 this landmark was taken over by the West Toronto Kiwanis Club who continue to manage the castle as a popular tourist attraction.

Baldwin Steps, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Beaches Branch, Toronto Public Library 1916 Designed in 17th-century English Collegiate style, Beaches Branch by Kew Gardens replaced a storefront library opened in 1914 at the corner of Queen Street East and Hambly Avenue. The new building was one of three nearly identical libraries (together with Wychwood and High Park) built with a $50,000 grant to the Toronto Public Library from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. George Locke, the chief librarian, wanted the three buildings to "bring to the mind of the people of the outlying districts some recollection of their Scottish and English village type of architecture." The Toronto architecture firm Eden Smith and Sons completed the design, "a decided revolt" from the Classical styling of earlier Carnegie libraries. The brick and stone building features an upper floor modelled on a Tudor Gothic great hall. It boasts a soaring hammer-beamed ceiling, a plain stone fireplace, lead-glass casement windows, and a minstrel gallery. The west wing, built when the library was renovated and restored in 2005, replaces a 1980 addition.

2161 Queen Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Casa Loma Stables In 1905 Sir Henry Pellatt purchased land which had been the private golf course of Albert Austin of nearby Spadina. The following year, anticipating construction of Casa Loma, he hired E. J. Lennox to design and build these stables, estimated to have cost $250,000. The stalls were made of Spanish mahogany and the floors were covered in tiles set in a zig-zag pattern so that the horses would not slip. When the main castle was completed, it was connected to the stables by a tunnel. Here, in 1944, in utmost secrecy, the Royal Navy placed an assembly plant for ASDIC, an early form of sonar which was vital in the battles of the Atlantic. The existence of this factory was disclosed only after the Second World War had ended.

330 Walmer Road, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Cliff Lumsdon Park Cliff Lumsdon was born April 13, 1931. By the age of eighteen, he had earned international acclaim for long distance swimming, winning the first of his four World Championships. Seven years later, he became the first swimmer to cross the icy waters of the Strait of Juan De Fuca from Victoria, British Columbia to Port Angeles, Washington. In 1949, he was awarded the Lou Marsh Trophy as the country's outstanding athlete and, in 1976, was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. Lumsdon was inducted into the Order of Canada in 1982. Throughout his long career, Lumsdon received most of his swimming instruction from the legendary coach Gus Ryder. Lumsdon later went on to coach his daughter, Kim Lumsdon, who successfully crossed Lake Ontario on August 27, 1976. On March 1, 1988, the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto dedicated this park in recognition of Cliff Lumsdon's many outstanding achievements and his lifelong contribution to the community. He passed away August 31, 1991.

5th Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

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The College Gates These wrought iron lock-up gates were purchased by the College in 1888 for the main entrance to its newly constructed offices at 371 Bay Street, located on the south east corner of Bay and Richmond Streets in Toronto. They are the only remaining artifacts from the building which served as the College's home until 1905. The manufacturer was J.H. Pendrick who was contracted for a sum of $420 (whether this included other work is not known). The gates would have folded open to the side during the day and closed at night to discourage loitering or sleeping in the entranceway. When the building was demolished in 1960, Mr Warwick Noble, College solicitor and son of the former Registrar, Dr Robert T. Noble, rescued the gates and brought them to his country home near Norval, Ontario. The following year he suggested that they be used in the construction of the College's new building at 64 Prince Arthur. The Registrar, Dr Dawson, agreed, and had two sections lengthened in order to be mounted at the entrance to the parking lot. When the College moved to its present location in 1983, the gates were purchased by Stan Burr, a College staff member, who kept them for many years at his property in Durham. Mr Burr believed the gates should once again belong to the College and so returned them on his retirement in 1999.

80 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Colonel James Givins This school bears the name of, and is located on land formerly owned by, James Givens, who came to Canada after fighting on the British side during the American Revolution. In 1791 he was commissioned in the Queen's Rangers and subsequently served as Indian agent at York from 1797. Appointed Provincial Aide-de-Camp to General Brock during the War of 1812, he was highly commended for the courageous manner in which, in command of a small band of Indians, he resisted American invaders during the attack on York in 1813. He served as Chief Superintendent of the Indian Department in Upper Canada 1830-1837. He died in March, 1846, at 87 and is buried in St. James Cemetery, Toronto.

49 Givins Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Central Hospital. Central Hospital was founded in 1957 in a house at 331 Sherbourne Street which had been built in 1875 for Robert T. Gooderham. The property was purchased in 1921 by the Canadian National Institute For The Blind (established in 1918) for use as a women's residence. The "Clarkewood Residence" moved to Bayview Avenue when the CNIB consolidated its operations there in 1956. The property was then purchased by doctors Paul and John Rekai, who had immigrated to Toronto from Hungary in 1950. In May 1957 they opened a 32 bed private hospital with a multilingual staff committed to providing health care to people of diverse cultural backgrounds. Their success led to the replacement of the Gooderham House with a new 176 bed public hospital that was opened in September 1969.

Sherbourne Health Centre, 333 Sherbourne Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Church Avenue. Here, on land granted to Jacob Cummer, an early settler who came with his family from Pennsylvania in 1797, stood "Cummer's Chapel". In 1816 a Sunday school was established in his log house and camp meetings were held at his saw mill. In 1834 he gave this site for "A Place Where Divine Services Were To Be Held Forever" and a Methodist Episcopal log meeting house was built. In 1856 a yellow brick building, later Willowdale United Church, replaced the log chapel. In 1930 the front part was removed with the widening of Yonge Street and the remainder was demolished in 1956, with new church facilities being established nearby.

Yonge Street and Church Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Agincourt School School Section #14 was formed in January 1913 to serve the rapidly growing community of Agincourt. Mr. W.H. Paterson donated 1.2 hectares of land and the following year a four room brick building was erected at a cost of $12,000. Initially, only two rooms were needed so the trustees decided to offer secondary education, which had previously been available only in Markham. In 1915, Form I (Grade 9) began and Form II was added the following year. Thus Agincourt Continuation School was begun, and offered three years of secondary education by 1920. Agincourt students still travelled to Markham for their junior Matriculation until a new high school was built in 1930 on the east side of Midland Avenue. Since then, the original schoolhouse has continued to offer elementary education.

29 Lockie Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

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The Baldwin Steps Directly below you are the 12,000 year old shorecliffs of the great glacial Lake Iroquois, formed during the last ice age. Twenty-three meters high, this is the steepest part of the old bluffs running through the city just below St. Clair Avenue. All of Toronto below this point was once under water. An Indian trail connecting the Don and Humber Rivers wound its way along the foot of the hill. This shore line eventually became Davenport Road. These steep bluffs hampered the northward movement of early settlers. But as settlement progressed, much of the shorecliff was tamed and re-graded. A string of fine homes was built along its crest. In spite of these changes, the bluffs retained much of their imposing beauty. In 1913 a stairway was built on the Spadina Road alignment replacing an earlier wooden stairs. In recent times, this site was threatened by a proposal for a Spadina Expressway, with a tunnel beginning just below St. Clair Avenue, and exiting out of this hillside into a sweeping interchange. In 1971, the expressway was halted by the organized efforts of local residents. The Toronto Transit Commission's Spadina subway line was built deep beneath this site in 1980. The land on which the Baldwin Steps are located is now owned by the Province of Ontario and was leased back to the City of Toronto in 1984 for 99 years. The present steps were constructed by the City of Toronto in 1987 and were named to commemorate the Baldwin Family, whose land this once was.

Baldwin Steps at Davenport Road and Spadina Road, Toronto, ON, Canada

Armadale Free Methodist Church 1880 One of the earliest Free Methodist societies in Canada was established in this area at nearby Ellesmere in 1874. The first services were held in a "Meeting House" provided by Robert Loveless, a former Primitive Methodist, who was largely responsible for the organization of this congregation. Within six years another congregation had been established here at Armadale with initial services being held in the home of Silas Phoenix. The growth of the congregation led to the construction of this simple frame church in 1880. Built chiefly by volunteer labour on land acquired from Francis Underwood, this building, the oldest continuing Free Methodist place of worship in Canada, henceforth served the combined Ellsemere-Armadale congregation and stands as a tribute to the efforts of the early Free Methodists.

400 Passmore Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

Allen's Danforth Theatre 1919 Promoted as "Canada's First Super-Suburban Photoplay Palace", this theatre was constructed for Jule and Jay J. Allen, pioneers in the Canadian movie industry. After relocating the headquarters of Allen Theatres to Toronto in 1915, the Allen brothers quickly added 10 local theatres to their extensive Canadian chain. The Danforth Theatre - built after the completion of the Prince Edward Viaduct in 1918 - took advantage of its rapidly developing neighbourhood. Designed in modified Georgian Revival style by Hynes, Feldman & Watson, Architects, with C. Howard Crane of Detroit, the combination vaudeville and movie theatre seated 1,600. Its elegant auditorium featured wall panels of tapestry silk and richly detailed Adamesque plaster decoration. After the forced sale of many Allen theatres in 1923, the Danforth became the Century Theatre, and then The Music Hall. It is the best preserved former Allen theatre in Toronto. The symbol of its first owners, a stylized AT, can still be seen on its façade.

147 Danforth Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

Marshall McLuhan (1911 - 1980) a pioneer of media studies, this University of Toronto Professor became famous in the 1960s for his provocative theories about the impact of print and electronic media on human perception and behaviour. Teaching literary criticism led him to the idea that meaning was shaped by the technology of communication. His innovative work probed the influence of the printed word on society, the effects of combining print and images in advertising, and the world-wide impact of radio and television. The concepts of the "global village" and "the medium is the message" made McLuhan one of the most celebrated scholars in the Western world. [full inscription unknown]

English translation:

St. Michael’s College, University of Toronto, 6 St. Joseph Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Archives of Ontario In 1903, responding to public demands for an historical records repository, the Ontario government established a provincial archives under Alexander Fraser, a Toronto editor and historian. As first Archivist of Ontario, he initiated an ambitious acquisition programme and began the publication of important documents in a valuable series of annual reports. The Archives Act of 1923 directed the transfer of inactive government records to the Archives and by 1934 it had developed as a major centre for the preservation and public use of documents, maps and photographs related to Ontario. Following the Second World War and the introduction of a comprehensive government records management programme, the Archives of Ontario became one of Canada's foremost archival institutions.

134 Ian Macdonald Boulevard, York University campus, Toronto, ON, Canada

Allan A. Lamport Regatta Course On October 13, 1994, Metropolitan Toronto named the regatta course on Long Pond the Allan A. Lamport Regatta Course. Mr. Lamport's 35-year public service career included terms as Alderman and Mayor of the City of Toronto, Member of the Ontario Legislature, first Chairman of the Metropolitan Toronto Planning and Parks Committee and Chairman of the Toronto Transit Commission. In 1994, Mr. Lamport was awarded the Order of Canada. Regattas and other boating events have long been part of the Toronto Island culture. The Dominion Day Regatta was held at the Hanlan's Point Lagoon course from 1894 until about 1915 when it was moved to Long Pond. The Island Amateur Aquatic Association also hosted many social and competitive events on the islands. Allan Lamport played a key role in enlarging the regatta course at Long Pond to international competition standards when, in 1937, he was appointed to a committee studying air transportation needs. Construction of Toronto Island Airport soon followed, providing an opportunity to expand the existing regatta course to its present size of 1000 metres.

Avenue of the Island, Centre Island, Toronto, ON, Canada

Administration Building This building is one of the few surviving air terminal buildings dating from the formative years of scheduled air passenger travel. It was constructed in 1938-39 by the Toronto Harbour Commissioners to service the new Port George VI Airport, now known as the Toronto Island Airport. Geared to efficiency, it centralized passenger, baggage, and air traffic control services in a structure which was placed close to and in full view of the runway. Its horizontal massing, central projecting control tower and attractively landscaped setting are typical of air terminal buildings before the advent of jet aircraft.

Toronto Island Airport, Toronto, ON, Canada

Elizabeth Posthuma Simcoe 1766-1850 The wife of the first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, Elizabeth Posthuma Gwillim was born at Whitchurch, Herefordshire, England. Orphaned at birth, she lived with her uncle, Admiral Samuel Graves, and subsequently married his god-son, John Graves Simcoe. She accompanied her husband to Upper Canada where she travelled extensively. Her diaries and sketches, compiled during these years, provide a vivid description and invaluable record of the colony's early life. In 1794, near this site, Mrs. Simcoe and her husband erected a summer house which they named "Castle Frank" in honour of their son. Returning to England in 1796, Mrs. Simcoe devoted her later years to charitable work. She is buried beside her husband at Wolford Chapel, Devon.

Castle Frank Road, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Birthplace of Lester Pearson Lester Bowles "Mike" Pearson, scholar, diplomat and statesman, was born in his parent's home, the Wesleyan Methodist Church manse, which stood on this site in the then village of Newtonbrook, on April 23, 1897. He joined the Department of External Affairs in 1928, becoming First Secretary of the Canadian High Commission in London (1935-41) and Ambassador to the United States (1945-46). He was Member of Parliament for Algoma East and Minister of External Affairs in the government of Louis St. Laurent (1948-1957) where he was instrumental in the founding of NATO (1949) and the Korean Armistice (1953). He was President of the United Nations General Assembly (1952-53) and the architect of the UN Peacekeeping Force in Suez for which he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957. Elected leader of the Liberal Party in 1958, he became Prime Minister of Canada in 1963. His government (1963-68) left a legacy of reform and pioneering social legislation which included the Canada Pension Plan, universal health care, the Canada Student Loan Plan, a new Canadian flag, and the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism. Mr. Pearson died in Ottawa on December 27, 1972.

south-west corner of Yonge Street and Hendon Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

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The Beatrice Lillie Building The world renowned star of English musical comedy, Beatrice Lillie, was born May 28, 1894 at 68 Dovercourt Road. She was educated at Alexander Muir-Gladstone Public School and Loretto Academy in Toronto. At age 15 Beatrice moved to England with her family where she began a long and successful career on the London stage. In 1920 she married the great grandson of the 19th century statesman Sir Robert Peel and became Lady Peel. Beatrice Lillie's irrepressible wit and remarkable talent endeared her to audiences on both sides of the Atlantic. She became known as the darling of both Broadway and London stages appearing in more than 40 shows in a career spanning over 50 years.

1115 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Christie's Methodist Cemetery Issac Christie and his wife, Isabella Graeme, came to Scarborough from Armagh, Ireland, and in 1836 purchased 40 hectares of Clergy Reserve land in Lot 33, Con. IV. This land had been rented and cleared for farming by Josué L'Amoreaux and his sons, United Empire Loyalists of French Huguenot origin, who settled here in 1808. In 1846 the Wesleyan Methodists of this area, led by Reverend T. Turner, built a small frame church amid the fields of Christie's farm. These settlers and their descendants worshipped here for 80 years. After the congregation was absorbed into the United Church in 1925, the chapel was closed. In 1936, a fire destroyed nearby St. Paul's Church and the Anglicans used Christie's Chapel until their church was rebuilt. The old chapel was closed again in 1938 and later dismantled and reconstructed at Buttonville as a community hall.

Bridlewood Mall, Warden Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Church of St. John the Evangelist (The Garrison Church) 1858-1963 In 1858 the Anglican Church of St. John the Evangelist opened on Stewart Street to serve both the local population and the garrison stationed at the old and new forts (Fort York and Stanley Barracks). By the late 19th century, it had become a fashionable parish and the original frame structure was replaced in 1893 by a brick church on Portland Street. Designed by architect Eden Smith, the "Garrison Church" welcomed first British, then Canadian troops and their families, and met the religious needs of Toronto's militia regiments and veterans' organizations. Gradually the local residential neighbourhood was displaced by industry and the dwindling congregation could not meet the costs of maintaining the building. The church was deconsecrated and demolished in 1963. Regimental colours and other military items in the church were transferred to Canadian Forces Camp Borden.

Wellington Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Babe Ruth at Hanlan's Point Near this site, in Maple Leaf Park on September 5, 1914, the now legendary baseball player Babe Ruth hit his first home run as a professional. It was to be the only home run he ever hit in the minor leagues. As a 19-year-old rookie, playing for the Providence Grays in the International League, he connected with a pitch from Ellis Johnson of the Toronto Maple Leafs, sending the ball over the fence in right field and scoring three runs. Pitching for the Grays, Ruth allowed only one hit, earning the title "southside phenom" from the Toronto Daily Star. The final score was Providence Grays 9, Toronto Maple Leafs 0. Babe Ruth quickly moved up to the major leagues, and played his way to a phenomenal career. The Toronto team went on to win a total of eleven pennants before folding in 1967.

Hanlan's Point ferry dock, Toronto Island, Toronto, ON, Canada

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25 Years of Blue Jays Baseball April 7, 1977 marked the introduction of Major League Baseball to Toronto when the Blue Jays Baseball Club played their first home game. They won that memorable opener, and have since brought great excitement and entertainment to the City. Playing first at Exhibition Stadium and then at the unique SkyDome, enthusiasm rapidly grew in both players and fans alike. The Blue Jays achieved a major victory in 1985 by winning the American League East Championship. This Pennant was brought home again in 1989, and onward from 1991 until 1993. New heights were met in 1992 and 1993 when they became the American League Champions. The ultimate victory was achieved in 1992 when the Blue Jays won the World Series Championship, the first Canadian team to earn this honour. The next year the Jays followed up with their second spectacular World Series win. As the Blue Jays enter their 25th Anniversary season, the proud sports tradition continues to the call of "PLAY BALL!"

north-west corner of the foot bridge over the railway tracks from Front Street at the foot of John Street leading south to the Rogers Centre and the CN Tower, Toronto, ON, Canada

Lucius O'Brien (1832-1899) Here, from 1881 to 1887, stood the home of Lucius O'Brien, one of our foremost painters and a leader in the development of Canada'a artistic life. Born in Shanty Bay, Ontario, O'Brien practised as a civil engineer before becoming a full-time painter in 1872. His expansive light-filled water-colours and oils depicting an heroic Canadian landscape won him wide acclaim here and abroad. His most famous work, and a key painting of the era, remains the majestic "Sunrise on the Saguenay", of 1880, in that year O'Brien began a ten-year presidency of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts which he helped to found. Later he was instrumental in the publication of "Picturesque Canada" whose 500 engravings revealed to many the variety and vastness of the young nation.

30 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Bernard Keble Sandwell (1876-1954) journalist, essayist, lecturer and academic, B.K. Sandwell is best remembered as the influential editor (1932-1951) of Saturday Night, which he made the voice of English Canadian liberalism. B.K. was a prolific writer, whose ambition was to achieve clear thinking on human problems and who was read widely for his great wit, shrewdness and grace of expression. His views on a wide range of subjects guided the options of an exclusive but important audience. In his ardent defence of civil liberties, he was ahead of his generation.

Graphic Arts Building, 73 Richmond Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Ernest Hemingway. American-born Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), internationally renowned author, lived in this apartment building, 1597-1599 Bathurst Street, in 1923-24, while working as a journalist for the Toronto Star. While here he became friends with novelist Morley Callaghan and writer/broadcaster Gordon Sinclair. He returned to Paris, France, where he began his career as a novelist, producing such masterpieces as "The Sun Also Rises", "A Farewell To Arms" & "For Whom the Bell Tolls".

1599 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Frances Loring and Florence Wyle. Sculptors Frances Loring (1887-1968) and Florence Wyle (1881-1968) were born in the United States mid-west. They met in 1907 while art students in Chicago, and moved to Toronto in 1913. Their home and studio near here at 110 Glenrose Avenue was a centre for artists, academics and students for 48 years. In 1918 they sculpted a series of figures of workers in the munitions industry for Canadian war memorials. Loring designed the lion, and Wyle the portrait reliefs of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth for the Queen Elizabeth Way Lion Monument, now located in Gzowski Park. The works of these colourful artists are represented in the Art Gallery of Ontario, the National Galley and the War Museum in Ottawa, and on many public and private buildings in Ontario. Their contribution is recognized, at the request of the Moore Park Residents' Association, by this park named in their honour.

corner of Mt Pleasant Road and St. Clair Avenue East, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Chapel of St. James-The-Less In its vigorous, harmonious composition, this small funeral chapel is a splendid example of High Victorian Gothic design. Its sense of strength and spirituality is derived from the subtle contrast of its stone walls, enveloping roofs, and soaring spire. The chapel was erected in 1860 to plans by Cumberland and Storm, one of Toronto's leading 19th-century architectural firms. Situated on a slight rise, St. James is enhanced by the picturesque setting of its cemetery, which was opened in 1844 and is the oldest established cemetery in the city.

Chapel of St. James-The-Less, Parliament Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Albany Club of Toronto The Albany Club of Toronto was established in 1882 as a conservative political club. Sir John A. Macdonald, Canada's first prime minister, strongly encouraged the creation of the club. He joined it in early 1883 and became its first honorary president in 1889. The first president was Alexander Morris, Q.C., Conservative house leader in Ontario and a former law student of Sir John A. Morris later became chief justice and Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba. The club was named after Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, fourth son and eighth child of Queen Victoria. The club moved to 91 King Street East in August of 1898. Ten of Canada's Conservative prime ministers have been members of the Albany Club, as has every one of Ontario's ten Conservative premiers to date. Members have also held the offices of Governor General and Lieutenant Governor and have served their community, their city and their country with distinction. The club retains its conservative political affiliation. Erected to commemorate the centennial of the club's occupancy of this building.

91 King Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

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The first Methodist church in Toronto was built upon this site in A.D.1818

Bank of Commerce Building (Jordan Street elevation), Toronto, ON, Canada

The Dominion Bank Building 1914 Founded in Toronto in 1869, The Dominion Bank moved its head office to this site ten years later. In 1914, the bank's rise to national prominence led to the construction of this early 12-storey skyscraper. Beaux-Arts in style with Renaissance Revival detailing, it boasted the city's largest vault and most elegant banking hall. The building was a major work of the leading firm, Darling and Pearson, Architects, in co-operation with Harkness and Oxley, Engineers. In 1955, a merger with the Bank of Toronto formed The Toronto-Dominion Bank. While many head office functions were relocated, a branch continued here until 2000. In 2005, the Dominion Bank Building was opened for residential use after being redesigned by Stanford Downey Architect.

1 King Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Gooderham "Flatiron" Building 1892 David Roberts Architect (1845-1907) designated under the Ontario Heritage act

49 Wellington St East, Toronto, ON, Canada

Leadlay Building 1872 1st Owner: Edward Leadlay, wool merchant Designated under the Ontario Heritage Act, 1986

87 Front St East, Toronto, ON M5B 1B8, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada

Houses constructed for Columbus H. Green Barrister and Reverend Anson Green 1858 Designated under the Ontario Heritage Act

80 Gerrard Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

55-79 Berkeley Street 1871, altered 1969 Constructed for John Irwin, this row of houses reflects the working-class character of this area in the late-19th century. Early tenants included labourers, machinists, and a distiller. City of Toronto Inventory of Heritage Properties.

79 Berkeley Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Gladstone Hotel 1889. The Gladstone Hotel is the oldest continuously operating hotel in Toronto. Architect G.M. Miller designed the building in the Richardsonian Romanesque style. It features arches over the windows and porch entrances, in addition to curvilinear and animal ornamentation in stone and terracotta. The hotel was a highly visible Parkdale landmark, with its three-storey tower and a cupola (removed in the 1940s). Across the street from two railway stations (since demolished), the Gladstone Hotel frequently hosted commercial travellers, as well as exhibitors from the nearby Canadian National Exhibition. it also once accommodated long-term guests, particularly railway employees and workers in nearby factories. The hotel has been given new life by its owners over the years. Designated under the Ontario Heritage Act, 2005.

1214 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Gladstone Hotel. Named after British Prime Minister Wm. E. Gladstone, this 60 room hotel was built in 1889 adjacent to the Parkdale train stations. The original owner Mrs. Susanna Robinson had been left a widow with 13 children. It was designed in a decorative Romanesque style by G.M. Miller, a distinguished Toronto architect. Its three-storey steeple dominated the skyline until the 1940’s. Accredited by the Royal Winter Fair, it was considered “the only safe place for one’s great aunt to stay alone”. It was originally used mostly by commercial travellers based in the heavy industry in the area. The building was restored by the Appelby family in 1989, in memory of their late father.

1214 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Canada's first subway On the 30th March, 1954, the first subway train was operated on the Yonge route of Toronto's Rapid Transit System from Eglinton Avenue to the Union Station. To record the event, this tablet was unveiled by The Honourable Leslie M. Frost Q.C., L.L.D., D.C.K., Prime Minister of Ontario.

Front St West, Toronto, ON, Canada

St James' Cathedral York's first church was built here in 1803-07 with the aid of public subscriptions and a government grant. That frame building was enlarged in 1818-19 and replaced by a larger one in 1831. The first incumbent was the Rev. George Okill Stuart, who served from 1800 to 1812 when he was succeeded by the Rev. John Strachan, later first bishop of Toronto. The second church was burnt in 1839. Toronto's first cathedral was then erected on this site but was destroyed in the great fire of 1849. The present cathedral was begun in 1850, opened for divine service in 1853, and completed in 1874.

106 King St East, Toronto, ON, Canada

St.George's Hall 1891 Edwards & Webster Architects designated under the Ontario Heritage Act

12 Elm Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

St.George's Hall St.George's Hall was built in 1891 by The Benevolent St.George's Society of Toronto, Edwards & Webster, Architects. Here the society carried out its work of aiding British immigrants until 1988. The Arts and Letters Club of Toronto, founded in 1908, moved into the building in 1920. At that time a baronial fireplace and choir loft were added to the great hall. The Group of Seven met here regularly, as did other leading artists, writers, musicians, theatre people, architects and supporters of the arts. A formal stage added later became the site of acclaimed annual revues. The Arts and Letters Club purchased the building in 1986 and carried out further renovations preserving the historic character of the hall.

14 Elm Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Royal York Hotel. This hotel stands on town lots granted in 1798 to William Dummer Powell, who built a log house on the site in 1812. Brick houses built here in 1844 by Captain Thomas Dick later became Sword's Hotel. Re-named the Queen's Hotel in 1862, it was enlarged several times before being demolished in 1927. The lot at York and Front Streets was used by a travelling circus, and, in the 1880s was the site of Alderman Harry Piper's zoo. The Royal York, opened on 11 June 1929, was the largest hotel in the British Empire and dominated the Toronto skyline for almost half a century, it was designed by the firm of Ross, Patterson, Townsend & Fish, who also added the east wing in 1959. The hotel provided Toronto's first major convention centre and has played an important role in the social life of the city. During its fifty years the Royal York has upheld the finest traditions of a grand hotel and remains the largest in the Commonwealth.

100 Front Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Canada’s first postage stamp issued April 23 1851 was designed on this site by Sir Sandford Fleming.

110 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Queen Alexandra Gateway This stone and wrought iron structure was a gift to the Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire to commemorate the visit, on October 10 and 11, 1901 of their Royal Highnesses, the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York. The gateway, designed by Chadwick and Beckett, architects, originally stood on Bloor Street at the northern entrance to Queen's Park. It had to be moved twice to accommodate transportation improvements and was finally located here in 1962. The wrought iron lamps were restored in 1990 as a special project by the staff of the Faculties and Services department of the University of Toronto. The University of Toronto fully restored the gateway and the southward extension of Philosopher's Walk extending southward in 1995. A rededication ceremony was held on October 14, 1995.

Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

The "Canada First" Movement. Originating in Ottawa, in 1868, with informal meetings of a few youthful patriots, "Canada First" was the name and slogan of a movement to promote nationalist sentiment. Its founding members were Charles Mair, Henry Morgan, William Foster, G.T. Denison and R.G. Haliburton. Two years later the movement created the North-West Emigration Aid Society to encourage British immigration. In 1874 the group, now centred in Toronto, established "The Nation", a weekly journal, entered politics as the Canadian National Association, and founded the National Club as its rallying place. By then "Canada First" had the support of such influential figures as Edward Blake and Goldwin Smith. Though the movement's political influence soon waned, its expression of a popular Canadian ideal had enduring significance.

303 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Canadian General Electric Company Building 1908 Originally the head office of the Canadian General Electric Company, this building was designed in the Beaux-Arts Classical style by the noted architecture firm of Darling and Pearson. It was the first of three adjacent buildings constructed for the company, a nationwide manufacturer of various electrical products. Distinguishing features include white glazed terra cotta trim and the stone portico with paired columns. The classical metal cornice marks the original roofline below the sixth-floor addition.

212 King Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Bishop's Palace 1818 On this site stood the "Bishop's Palace", residence of Bishop John Strachan (1778-1867), built in 1817-18 while he was the incumbent of St. James' Church. Born in Scotland, he came to Upper Canada in 1799 where he achieved prominence as an educator and churchman and was consecrated first Anglican Bishop of Toronto in 1839. He served as a member of the province's Legislative Council 1820-41 and of the Executive Council 1815-36. During the Rebellion of 1837, the Loyalist forces that defeated William Lyon Mackenzie near Montgomery's Tavern assembled on the grounds of the Palace.

150 Front Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Glenn Gould (1932-1982). Recognized internationally as one of the great classical musicians of the 20th century, this pianist of prodigious talent and originality is best known for his masterful renditions of the counterpoint of J.S. Bach. Retiring from the concert stage at the young age of 32, he exploited new sound technologies to their fullest and left a rich musical heritage in his many recordings. A visionary thinker and author, who foresaw the profound impact of technology on culture and society, he also pursued a remarkably diverse career in radio and television. Long after his premature death, Gould continues to challenge and inspire. / Reconnu mondialement comme l’un des grands musiciens classiques du XXe siècle, ce pianiste à l’originalité et au talent prodigieux s’est distingué par ses interprétations magistrales du contrepoint de J.-S. Bach. Dès 32 ans, il a quitté la scène pour se consacrer aux nouvelles technologies sonores, créant par ses nombreux enregistrements un riche legs musical. Ce penseur et auteur visionnaire, qui anticipait le profond impact des technologies sur la culture et la société, a poursuivi aussi une carrière diversifiée à la radio et à la télévision. Même après sa mort prématurée, Gould continue d’inspirer et de susciter des explorations.

English translation:

250 Front Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Subjects

From 1829 to 1891 the block bounded by King, Simcoe, Adelaide and John Streets, then known as Russell Square, was occupied by the buildings and grounds of Upper Canada College. This tablet was placed here on September 13th, 1929, at the time of the Centenary of the College, by old boys from all over the world. Somum Nom Animum Mutant.

Corner of King Street West and Simcoe Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Canadian Pacific Railway Building 1913 Designed by the architecture firm Darling & Pearson, the Toronto office of the Canadian Pacific railway was one of the city's first skyscrapers, and briefly, the tallest building in the British Empire.

69 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Thornton-Smith Building 1921 John M. Lyle designed this limestone building for Thornton-Smith, and interior design and furniture company. In 1926, Lyle's design which features pilasters, decorative motifs, arched windows, and overhanging eaves, received the first gold medal awarded by the Ontario Association of Architects

340 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

York Council Chambers 1907-1950 The township of York held Council meetings above this branch of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce from 1907 to 1950. This plaque commemorates the 180th anniversary of the founding of the township

144 King Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

Bank of Toronto 1905 E. J. Lennox, Architect

205 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Club Bluenote was a small after-hours rhythm and blues dance hall that played a vital role in the Yonge Street music scene. Owned by Al Steiner, the club was located near here at 372 Yonge Street for about 10 years until it closed in 1969. The club was later revived twice in Yorkville by Bill Balkou, Lou Balkou, Syd Markowitz, Jack Valianes, and George Olliver. The original Club Bluenote launched the careers of Toronto artists such as Jay Jackson, Shawne Jackson, and Shirley Matthews. It supported regulars like Bobby Dean and the Gems, the Statlers, the Peepers, the Silhouettes (with Doug Riley and Steve Kennedy,) and the Five Rogues, featuring Joey Chirowski, Don Elliot, Penti "Whitey" Glan, George Olliver, and Domenic Troiano. The club was popular with well-known international artists such as Stevie Wonder, the Righteous Brothers, and the Supremes, who performed impromptu late-night sets at the club after giving concerts at major venues elsewhere in the city. The musical style that emerged at the Club Bluenote and at other Yonge Street clubs was a unique blend of rock with rhythm and blues that became characteristic of the "Toronto Sound."

372 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Le Coq d'Or Tavern was one of the most popular rock'n'roll venues in Toronto in the 1950s and 1960s. Opened in the late 1940s at the heart of the Yonge Street strip, a raucous entertainment district between Queen and Gerrard Streets, the Le Coq d'Or hosted musicians such as Bo Diddley, Solomon Burke, Sam & Dave, and the Cougars, featuring Jay Douglas. Goldie and the Gingerbreads, the first all-female rock band on a major American record label, also played at the Le Coq d'Or, and Montreal band the Beau-Marks recorded a live album there. The tavern was known for its long association with Ronnie Hawkins and his band, the Hawks. The group first played the Le Coq d'Or in 1958 and later became regular performers. After separating from Hawkins, the Hawks toured and recorded with Bob Dylan, becoming the Band in the late 1960s. In 1965, Ronnie Hawkins opened the Hawk's Nest, a teenage dance club above the Le Coq d'Or that featured local acts like Mandala, the Ugly Ducklings, and the Sparrows (later Steppenwolf). Pioneering soul singer, Jackie Shane, and influential English rock band, the Kinks, also played at the Hawk's Nest. Amid declining attendance at bars and clubs on Yonge Street, the Le Coq d'Or closed in 1976.

333 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Daniel Brooke Building This building was first constructed in 1833 for owner Daniel Brooke, a prominent merchant in the Town of York. It was substantially rebuilt between 1848-1849 prior to the Great Fire of April 1849 which started in a nearby stable. While much of the business district was destroyed, this building escaped major damage. It housed a variety of commercial enterprises over the years, including the prosperous wholesale grocery business of James Austin and Patrick Foy in the 1840s. Austin went on to become a president of the Consumers' Gas Company and of the Dominion Bank. His home, Spadina, became a museum in 1984. During the mid-19th century, the Daniel Brooke building contained the offices of The Patriot, an influential conservative newspaper. The block is a rare example of Georgian architecture in Toronto.

150-154 King Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Canadian Bank of Commerce Building 1929-1931 Upon completion, this 34-storey skyscraper was the tallest building in the British Empire and was praised as the "greatest addition to Toronto's increasing, Manhattan-like skyline." It was designed for The Canadian Bank of Commerce jointly by the Toronto firm Darling and Pearson, and by York & Sawyer, the foremost New York City bank architects of the era. Rising in tiers, the building features richly carved Romanesque Revival detailing and a vaulted Main Banking Hall said to be modelled after Rome's Baths of Caracalla. A popular outdoor observation gallery on the 32nd floor - guarded by great carved heads with flowing beards - gave the public unobstructed city views until even taller office towers were built in the 1960s. After The Commerce merged with the Imperial Bank of Canada in 1961, the building became the head office of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce.

25 King Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

1918 Anti-Greek Riots In August 1918, over 50,000 people participated in riots that injured hundreds and caused significant property damage. Many of the rioters were veterans, already frustrated with government treatment, angered by Greece's neutrality during the First World War, and resentful of the large number of Greeks with highly visible jobs. On August 2, a mob attacked the Greek owned White City Cafe near Yonge and College Streets in response to rumours that a veteran had been roughly treated there. The mob swelled to thousands and looted Greek businesses as far west as Queen Street and Roncesvalles Avenue. Toronto police and Exhibition Camp soldiers were call to end the riot, but stood by as the violence unfolded. Criticized for their inaction, the police responded with excessive force the next night, beating demonstrators with whips and batons. The presence of additional troops, and threats to penalize public gatherings, kept tensions high in the following days. The underlying conflicts remained unresolved beyond the end of the war, but the intense violence of August 2 and 3 was not repeated.

433 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

St. Georges Hall (Arts and Letters Club) Since 1920, St. George's Hall has housed the renowned Arts and Letters Club. Founded in 1908 by a group of men involved in the arts, the Club has been a gathering place for artists and their patrons and has encouraged the organization of new artistic communities. With its long oak tables, timbered ceiling, and baronial fireplace, the Great Hall has provided a congenial setting for stimulating conversation and a venue for pageants, plays, musical evenings, and art exhibits. Filled with artwork and Club memorabilia, this building eloquently reflects the ideals and history of this important Canadian cultural institution. St. Georges Hall (Arts and Letters Club) St. George's Hall abrite depuis 1920 le célèbre Arts and Letters Club. Fondé en 1908 par des hommes désireux de promouvoir les arts, ce rassemblement d'artistes et de mécènes a favorisé l'essor d'autres organisations artistiques au pays. Avec ses longues tables de chêne, son plafond en bois et son foyer seigneurial, le grand hall offre un endroit chaleureux pour des conversations animées, des sketchs, des pièces de théâtre, des soirées musicales et des expositions artistiques. Ce bâtiment, riche en uvres d'art et en souvenirs du club, témoigne bien des idéaux et de l'histoire de cette importante institution culturelle canadienne.

12 Elm Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

J. E. H. MacDonald (1873-1932) Painter, designer, and poet, J. E. H. MacDonald was a founding member of the Group of Seven and a key figure in the emergence of a national style of painting the Canadian landscape. A talented graphic designer of Canadian motifs, he also painted the farmlands of southern Ontario, the rich autumn colours of Algoma, the shores of Nova Scotia, and the majestic Rocky Mountains. A leading member of the Arts and Letters Club, MacDonald was an idealist who fostered the growth of Canadian culture in all its manifestations and inspired a generation of students at the Ontario College of Art. J. E. H. MacDonald (1873-1932) Peintre, designer et poète, J. E. H. MacDonald fut l'un des membres fondateurs du Groupe des Sept et une figure marquante dans l'émergence d'une manière typiquement canadienne de peindre le paysage. Graphiste talentueux, réputé pour ses motifs canadiens, il a également peint les terres agricoles du sud de l'Ontario, les riches couleurs automnales d'Algoma, le littoral de la Nouvelle-Écosse et les majestueuses montagnes Rocheuses. Cet idéaliste, membre influent du Arts and Letters Club, encouragea l'essor de la culture canadienne sous toutes ses formes et inspira une génération d'étudiants à l'Ontario College of Art.

12 Elm Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

John Street Roundhouse La Rotonde de la rue John This roundhouse complex was built by the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1929 to service the steam locomotives of its passenger trains using nearby Union Station. The 32-stall roundhouse featured the most modern technology. Its direct steaming facility was the first of its kind in Canada, allowing a faster and more economical operation, and a smokeless environment. Abundant natural light is provided by its monitor roof and large windows. The switch from steam power to diesel, completed by the CPR by 1960, spelled the end for Canadian roundhouses. The John Street complex was closed in 1982. Cette rotonde de 32 emplacements, à la fine pointe des techniques de l'époque, fut construite par le Canadien Pacifique en 1929. Elle était destinée à l'entretien des locomotives à vapeur des trains de voyageurs de la compagnie, qui s'arrêtaient à la gare Union, située à proximité. Sa prise directe, première du genre au Canada, permettait d'économiser temps et argent et d'éliminer la fumée. Son lanterneau et ses grandes fenêtres laissaient la lumière naturelle entrer à flots. La conversion de la vapeur au diesel, achevée par le CP en 1960, entraîna la fermeture des rotondes canadiennes, dont celle-ci, en 1982.

John Street Roundhouse Complex, 255 Bremner Boulevard, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Royal York Hotel / L’Hôtel Royal York. Built on the site of the Queen's Hotel by the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1928-29, the Royal York Hotel was part of its coast-to-coast chain of grand hotels. The skyscraper hotel, designed by Montreal architects Ross and Macdonald in association with Sproatt and Rolph of Toronto, was the largest hotel in the British Commonwealth and dramatically altered the Toronto skyline. Inside, attractive rooms - from the classicism of the 1928-29 interior to the 1957-59 extension decorated in Canadian themes - have provided the setting for conventions, entertainers, cocktails, teas, debutante balls and royal visits. Together with Union Station to the south and the Dominion Public Building to the southeast, the Royal York Hotel has created one of the finest streetscapes in the provincial capital. / Construit sur le site de l’hôtel Queen’s par le Canadien Pacifique en 1928-1929, l’hôtel Royal York faisait partie de la chaîne d’hôtels de luxe transcontinentale de la société ferroviaire. L’hôtel en forme de gratte-ciel, fruit de la collaboration des architectes montréalais Ross et Macdonald et des architectes torontois Sproatt et Rolph, était le plus grand hôtel du Commonwealth britannique; sa construction a changé radicalement la ligne d’horizon de Toronto. À l’intérieur, les pièces originales, aménagées dans le style classique en vogue à l’époque, ainsi que les salles de l’aile construite entre 1957 et 1959 aux motifs canadiens, ont servi de cadre à maints congrès, spectacles, cocktails, thés, bals des débutantes et visites royales. Le panorama de rue créé par l’hôtel Royal York, la gare Union, au sud, et l’édifice public Dominion, au sud-est, est l’un des plus beaux de la capitale provinciale.

100 Front Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

Ontario College Of Pharmacy On this site, 3 February 1887, the Ontario College of Pharmacy opened its first permanent building which was also the first school of pharmacy erected in Canada, parts of which still stand. It served as a teaching and administrative centre for the profession in Ontario until 1963. Established by provincial act in 1821, the college exerted significant influence upon the development of pharmacy in Canada far beyond the borders of the province.

44 Gerard Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

Barrel Wash House 1886, altered pre-1916 Original use: barrel washing; later, offices and laboratory.

No.42-44, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Boiler House 1864, altered 1872 Original use; coal fired production of steam for engine room and for distillation

No.4, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Boiler House 1864, altered 1880s Original use; coal fired production of steam; later, drying of mash for livestock feed

No.51, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Fire Pump House 1895 Original use; two steam-powered pumps delivering 3,000 gallons of water per minute

No.1, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Case Goods Warehouse 1927 Original use; storage and shipping of bottled alcohol

No.15, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Gooderham and Worts Offices 1863

No.6, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Malt House 1863 Original use; barrel storage in vaults, malting floors, storage

No.12, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Still Houses 1873 Original use; alcohol distillation, purification and distillation of water to adjust proof

No.19, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Storage Room 1873 Original use; storage of fusel oil, a by-product of distillation

No.11, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

Warehouse 1872, altered after 1896 Original use; storage of spirits; later, bottling and canning of antifreeze and other products

No.8, The Distillery District, Toronto, ON, Canada

QUEEN'S PARK, TORONTO Officially opened by the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) during the Royal Tour of 1860, Queen's Park is an early example of the public park movement in Canada. Landscaped according to a picturesque design, its sweeping drives curved past maple, oak, elm and white pine, while Taddle Creek ravine and McCaul's Pond formed the park's western boundary. Located to the northwest of the city, visitors gained access to the park through two gated, tree-lined avenues, one leading west from Yonge Street (today's College Street) and the other leading north from Queen Street (today's University Avenue). The legislative building, opened in 1893, brought a new public purpose to the park and significantly altered the original landscaping of its southern grounds. By then, the city encircled the park. Unveiled by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II July 6, 2010 QUEEN'S PARK, TORONTO Inauguré officiellement par le prince de Galles (futur roi Édouard VII d'Angleterre) lors du voyage royal de 1860, Queen's Park est l'un des premiers parcs publics au Canada, qui fera bien des émules par la suite. Ce parc à l'aménagement pittoresque déroule ses allées ombragées par le feuillage des érables, des chênes, des ormes et des pins blancs jusqu'au ravin du ruisseau Taddle et à l'étang McCaul, qui s'étendent à sa bordure ouest. Le parc étant à l'époque situé au nord-ouest de la ville, les visiteurs y accèdent par deux avenues privées bordées d'arbres, l'une partant vers l'ouest depuis la rue Yonge (aujourd'hui la rue College) et l'autre vers le nord depuis la rue Queen (aujourd'hui l'avenue University). L'Assemblée législative, inaugurée en 1893, ajouté une nouvelle dimension publique à la vie du parc. La construction de cet édifice remanié profondément l'aménagement paysager des terrains situés au sud. À cette époque, le parc est désormais enclavé dans la ville. Dévoilée par Sa Majesté la Reine Elizabeth II. Le 6 juillet 2010

111 Wellesley St West, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Church of the Holy Trinity 1847 This church was made possible by a gift from Mary Lambert Swale of Yorkshire, England, who stipulated that 'the seats be free and unappropriated forever'. At that time most other Anglican churches charged pew rentals. John Simcoe Macaulay donated the land, then on the outskirts of Toronto. Bishop John Strachan consecrated the church and Henry Scadding was first rector. Henry Bower Lane, architect, designed the modified Gothic church in the ancient cruciform plan. Bricks were hauled from the Don Valley and timbers from the surrounding forests. The roof slates came as ballast in British sailing vessels. In the twentieth century the church developed a tradition of ministry to the needs of people in the inner city.

Eaton Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Early policing in Toronto Canada's first city police force was established in Toronto in 1834. It consisted of five officers, a chief, and 14 reservists. The force had no uniform or training and worked for Toronto city council. Disturbances over religious differences were common, and the police often unfairly favoured the Protestant majority. In 1859, the force was totally reformed after many cases of misconduct. The new force grew rapidly. Officers received a uniform and training and were given a baton, whistle, lamp, handcuffs, and a revolver. Common crimes included theft, assault, and drunkenness. People were often arrested for vagrancy and sheltered in police stations. In 1887 Mayor William Howland created a morality squad that tackled gambling, prostitution, and other vices. It also enforced Sunday laws, which banned nearly all public activity except going to church. During the late 1800s, Toronto's police were also in charge of the ambulance service, animal and child welfare, and liquor licensing.

40 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

J.J. Wright (1848-1922) Inventor and Electrical Innovator John Joseph Wright introduced electric lighting to Toronto and pioneered the development and use of Canada's first electric street railways. Mr. Wright went on to a distinguished career as Vice President of the Toronto Electric Light Company and in 1891 was founding President of the Canadian Electrical Association. This plaque is struck on the occasion of CEA's Centennial, May 11, 1991. Inventeur et pionnier de L'industrie de l'électricité John Joseph Wright à implante l'éclairage électrique à Toronto et joué en rŏle de pionnier dans le développement et l'utilisation des tramways électriques au Canada. M Wright a eu une carrière remarquable en tant que vice-président de la Toronto Electric Light Company et fut président fondateur de l'association canadienne de l'électricité en 1891 Cette plaque fut frappée à l'occasion du centenaire de l`ACE, le 11 mai 1991.

700 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada

Jean Lumb (林黃彩珍) 在卑詩省出生,于1935年移到多倫多并很快成功地開了一家 [水果店。到1959年,她與她丈夫一起經營廣東酒樓。精力充沛而且外向的她與許多政界名流建立了密切的關系。50年代,她成功地建議政府取消了加拿大帶歧視性的移民法規。各種社區活動讓她獲得了許多榮譽,包括擔任惠仁醫院理事會理事及安省多元文化顧問委員會委員等職。她擔任了中國戲劇協會婦女聯會的主席達25年之久,是著名的“Save Chinatown”運動的主要發起人。1976年,她作為第一位華裔 | 加拿大女性第一位餐館業者獲得加拿大勛章。林黃彩珍女為社區服務達40年以上,她為后人留下了社會活動精神, 是后代的文化驕傲。安省政府代理機構:安省遺產基金會

English translation: JEAN LUMB, C.M., 1919-2002 Jean Lumb was born Jean (Toy Jin) Wong in British Columbia, and came to Toronto in 1935. She was soon operating a profitable fruit store and, by 1959, she co-owned the well-reputed Kwong Chow restaurant with her husband, Doyle Lumb. Energetic and outgoing, she established strong links with prominent politicians and, in the 1950s, lobbied successfully for the removal of discriminatory immigration regulations in Canada. Wide-ranging community work earned her numerous honours, including appointments to Women's College Hospital Board of Governors and the Ontario Advisory Council on Multiculturalism. President of the Women's Association of the Chinese Dramatic Society for 25 years, she is best remembered as the dynamic spirit behind the remarkable "Save Chinatown" campaigns. In 1976, Lumb became the first Chinese-Canadian woman and the first restaurateur appointed to the Order of Canada. Jean Lumb served as a voice for her community for over 40 years and left a legacy of social activism and cultural pride for future generations.

Downtown Diversity Garden, 89 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Subjects

JEAN LUMB, C.M., 1919-2002 Jean Lumb was born Jean (Toy Jin) Wong in British Columbia, and came to Toronto in 1935. She was soon operating a profitable fruit store and, by 1959, she co-owned the well-reputed Kwong Chow restaurant with her husband, Doyle Lumb. Energetic and outgoing, she established strong links with prominent politicians and, in the 1950s, lobbied successfully for the removal of discriminatory immigration regulations in Canada. Wide-ranging community work earned her numerous honours, including appointments to Women's College Hospital Board of Governors and the Ontario Advisory Council on Multiculturalism. President of the Women's Association of the Chinese Dramatic Society for 25 years, she is best remembered as the dynamic spirit behind the remarkable "Save Chinatown" campaigns. In 1976, Lumb became the first Chinese-Canadian woman and the first restaurateur appointed to the Order of Canada. Jean Lumb served as a voice for her community for over 40 years and left a legacy of social activism and cultural pride for future generations. JEAN LUMB, C.M., 1919-2002 De son nom de jeune fille Jean (Toy Jin) Wong, Jean Lumb est née en Colombie Britannique et arrive à Toronto en 1935. Elle tient un magasin de fruits qui remporte aussitôt un franc succès. En 1959, elle devient la copropriétaire avec son mari, Doyle Lumb, du restaurant réputé Kwong Chow. Vive et pleine d'énergie, elle noue des liens solides avec d'éminents politiciens et milite avec succès en faveur de la suppression des lois discriminatoires en matière d'immigration au Canada dans les années 1950. Son important travail communautaire lui vaut de nombreux honneurs, tels sa nomination au conseil d'administration de l'Hôpital Women's College ainsi qu'au Conseil consultatif des relations multiculturelles de l'Ontario. Présidente de la Women's Association of the Chinese Dramatic Society pendant 25 ans, on se rappelle surtout d'elle comme l'inspiratrice et l'animatrice des campagnes à succès : « Save Chinatown ». En 1976, Jean Lumb devient la première femme sino-canadienne et la première restauratrice à recevoir l'Ordre du Canada. Jean Lumb s'est imposée comme la porte-parole de sa communauté pendant plus de 40 ans. Elle laisse aux générations futures un héritage d’activisme social et de fierté culturelle.

Downtown Diversity Garden, 89 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

Subjects

Mary Pickford Born in 1893 in a house which stood near this site, Gladys Marie Smith appeared on stage in Toronto at the age of five. Her theatrical career took her to Broadway in 1907 where she adopted the name Mary Pickford. The actress's earliest film, "Her First Biscuits", was released by the Biograph Company in 1909 and she soon established herself as the international cinema's first great star. Her golden curls and children's roles endeared her to millions as "America's Sweetheart". She was instrumental in founding and directing a major film production company and starred in over fifty feature-length films including "Hearts Adrift", "Pollyanna" and "Coquette". For the last-named film, she received the 1929 Academy Award as the year's best actress.

Corner of University Avenue and Elm Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

McGill Street Arch This stone arch is from the former St. Andrew's United Church (built in 1923) on Bloor Street East at Park Road. The City of Toronto purchased the arch when the church was demolished in 1981. The arch was then rebuilt here as a pedestrian gateway, after the intersection of McGill and Yonge Streets was closed.

Intersection of McGill and Yonge streets, Toronto, ON, Canada

OLD CITY HALL YORK COUNTY COURT HOUSE ANCIEN HÔTEL DE VILLE PALAIS DE JUSTICE DU COMTÉ DE YORK CANADA Built between 1889 and 1899, this impressive Richardsonian Romanesque structure by local architect E. J. Lennox was the solution to the need of both the city of Toronto and York County for new quarters. Its superb downtown site, richly carved sandstone surfaces, and variety in colour and texture combine in a clear expression of the region's late 19th century self-confidence. “Great buildings,” stated Mayor John Shaw at its opening, "symbolize a people's deeds and aspirations.” This structure is among Canada's most important examples of monumentally scaled city halls. Construit entre 1889 et 1899 selon les plans de l'architecte E. J. Lennox, cet édifice néo-roman d'inspiration richardsonienne a servi d'hôtel de ville à Toronto et de palais de justice au comté de York. Il figure parmi les principaux exemples d'hôtels de ville monumentaux à la fin du XIXe siècle. Ses façades de grès richement ornées, la variété des couleurs et des textures, la beauté de l'emplacement expriment la confiance qui régnait dans la région au moment de la mise en chantier du bâtiment. A l'inauguration, le maire John Shaw proclama que les grands édifices symbolisent les réalisations et les aspirations d'un peuple. Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada. Commission des lieux et monuments historiques du Canada. Government of Canada - Gouvernement du Canada

Old City Hall, 60 Queen West, Toronto, ON, Canada

CHINATOWN 多倫多的首個唐人街 The first Chinese resident recorded in Toronto was Sam Ching, the owner of a hand laundry business on Adelaide Street in 1878. Though immigration to Canada directly from China was restricted after 1885, Ching was eventually joined by Chinese men who migrated from western Canada after helping to build the transcontinental Canadian Pacific Railway. Between 1900 and 1925, Toronto's first Chinese community took shape here, around Elizabeth Street which once ran all the way south to Queen Street. Chinatown' was a bustling commercial and residential area that included restaurants, grocery stores, and traditional clan associations. 根據記載,多倫多的第一個華裔居民是“Sam Ching”。一八七八年,他在 Adelaide 街經營洗衣店。一八八五年後,雖然加拿大政府限制華人從中國直接移居加國, 但參與興建橫跨加拿大太平洋鐵路的華人在鐵路完成後,從加拿大西部移居多倫多,最終與“Som Ching”一同居於此地。在一九零零年至一九二五年之間, 多倫多的第一個華人社區在伊麗莎白街一帶建立起來。伊麗莎白街一度向南伸延至皇后街。當時的“唐人街”是一個熙來攘往的商業和住宅,餐館、雜貨店和宗親會比比皆是。 This first Chinatown thrived until the late 1940s, when the City of Toronto began its controversial expropriation of much of the neighbourhood to make room for a new city hall and the future Nathan Phillips Square. Demolition finally took place in 1955. Some Chinese businesses could not afford to re-locate, and closed. Others packed up and moved west along Dundas Street to Spadina Avenue where they became the heart of today's Old Chinatown 第一個唐人街持續繁榮興旺,直到一九四零年代末期。為了興建新市政大樓和未來的彌敦菲臘廣場,多倫多政府展開了具爭議性的行動,大幅度徵用該區的土地。拆卸工程最終在一九五五年進行。部分華人商戶因無法遷往其他地方經營而結業,其他則收拾一切,沿登打士街及士巴丹拿大道向西遷移,該處成為今天“舊唐人街”的中心地帶。

Nathan Phillips Square, Toronto, ON, Canada

MAPLE LEAF GARDENS One of the most renowned arenas in the history of hockey, Maple Leaf Gardens was the largest facility of its type in Canada when it was constructed in 1931 for the Toronto Maple Leafs. To build it, the team's General Manager, Conn Smythe, secured a group of investors despite the Great Depression. The 700 construction workers, who completed the arena in just five months, received 20% of their pay in company shares. Designed by the architecture firm Ross and Macdonald, its brickwork emphasizes-both horizontals and verticals, while trusses, rather than columns, cre1 an unobstructed interior. The Gardens was home to the Toronto Maple Leafs for 68 years and hosted 19 Stanley Cup finals. Other sports were also staged here, including legendary boxing and wrestling matches. For decades, it was Canada's largest indoor venue for cultural, political, and religious events. The Toronto Maple Leafs moved to the Air Canada Centre in 1999. The iconic Maple Leaf Gardens was purchased by Ryerson University and Loblaw Companies Limited, which completed its conversion into a multi-use facility in 2012.

Maple Leaf Gardens, 50 Carlton Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

1972 SUMMIT SERIES Here, at Maple Leaf Gardens, Game Two of this unprecedented eight-game hockey series was played on September 4, 1972. Marking the first encounter between top Canadian professional players and the Soviet Union's national team, the series aroused fervent passions in both countries as these two rivals, representing different styles of play, clashed on the ice. Millions of Canadians were riveted to their televisions, coming together to cheer for their team. In Moscow, Team Canada gained a dramatic come-from-behind series victory by scoring the winning goal with only 34 seconds left in the final game. Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada and Parks Canada LA SÉRIE DU SIÈCLE La deuxième de huit parties d'une série de hockey sans précédent est. disputée ici, au Maple Leaf Gardens, le 4 septembre 1972. Cette série marque le premier affrontement entre les meilleurs joueurs professionnels canadiens et l'équipe nationale de l'Union soviétique. Le duel entre ces rivaux aux styles de jeu différents déchaîne les passions dans les deux pays. Lors des rencontres, des millions de Canadiens sont rivés à leur téléviseur, unis par une même ferveur partisane. A Moscou, Équipe Canada réussit une remontée spectaculaire dans la série et la remporte en comptant un but à 34 secondes de la fin du dernier match. Commission des lieux et monuments historiques du Canada et Parcs Canada

Maple Leaf Gardens, 50 Carlton Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

MAPLE LEAF GARDENS Foster Hewitt exclaimed “He shoots He scores!" during the national broadcasts of many of hockey's most exciting moments in this shrine to Canada's game. The country's largest arena when it was built in 1932, it was home to the Toronto Maple Leafs for 68 years and was a major venue for other sporting events, political rallies, religious services, and concerts, From the Metropolitan Opera to The Beatles, Winston Churchill to John Diefenbaker and Pierre Trudeau, and the 1972 Summit Series to the Ali-Chuvalo title fight, the Gardens played host to celebrities and major events and holds a special place in Canada's popular culture. Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada and Parks Canada LE MAPLE LEAF GARDENS He shoots! He scores! » s'écriait Foster Hewitt lors de la citrusion nationale des moments exaltants dans ce temple du hockey L'aréna le plus grand au pays lors de sa construction en 1932, fut le domicile des Maple Leafs de Toronto pendant 68 ans et un lieu phare pour la tenue d'épreuves sportives, de concerts et de rassemblements politiques ou religieux. Des Beatles au Metropolitan Opera, de Winston Churchill à John Diefenbaker et Pierre Trudeau, de la série du siècle en 1972 au championnat de boxe Ali-Chuvalo, le Gardens fut longtemps l'hôte de célébrités et de grands événements, comptant parmi les hauts lieux de la culture populaire du Canada. Commission des lieux et monuments historiques du Canada et Parcs Canada

Maple Leaf Gardens, 50 Carlton Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Robert Simpson Company Robert Simpson (1834-1897) emigrated to Canada from Inverness, Scotland. In 1856, he opened a dry-goods store on Yonge Street north of Queen in 1872, but in 1881 re-located and began to extend his holdings in this block. Here in 1894 Simpson built a six-storey department store designed by Edmund Burke (1857-1919), which was destroyed by fire shortly after occupancy. A new building by the same architect opened in January 1896, and was the first "fireproofed" store in Canada. Classical forms in harmony with the structural system relate it to the contemporary "Chicago School" style. By 1923 all street facades had been unified by successive additions. In 1929 the "Art Deco" style building, including the Arcadian court, was added at Bay and Richmond. This addition was designed by Chapman & Oxley. During 1977 a restoration and conservation programme was instituted.

Queen and Yonge Streets, Toronto, ON, Canada

LE MAGASIN LA BAIE DE LA RUE QUEEN Vers la fin du XIXe siècle, les magasins à rayons révolutionnent la vente au détail en offrant choix, prix modiques et remboursement garanti. En 1895, Robert Simpson demande à l'architecte Edmund Burke de dessiner les plans d'un nouveau magasin à l'angle sud-ouest des rues Yonge et Queen. C'est le premier immeuble au Canada à ossature métallique porteuse et sa façade est modelée sur cette structure. En 1969, le magasin, après avoir été agrandi six fois, occupe deux blocs entre les rues Yonge, Queen, Bay et Richmond. En 1978, la plus vieille société et le plus important propriétaire de grands magasins au Canada, la Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson, achete l'immeuble. Devenu un «La Baie» en 1991, il reste l'un des monuments commerciaux les plus célèbres au Canada. Fondation du patrimoine ontarien, organisme du gouvertement de l'Ontario

English translation: THE QUEEN STORE LA BAIE OF QUEEN STREET In the late 19th century, department stores revolutionized retail by offering choice, low prices and guaranteed refund. In 1895 Robert Simpson asked architect Edmund Burke to draw up plans for a new store on the southwest corner of Yonge and Queen Streets. It is the first building in Canada with a supporting metal frame and its façade is modelled on this structure. In 1969, the store, after being expanded six times, occupied two blocks between Yonge, Queen, Bay and Richmond Streets. In 1978, the oldest company and largest department store owner in Canada, the Hudson's Bay Company, purchased the building. It became a “La Baie” in 1991 and remains one of Canada's most famous commercial monuments. Ontario Heritage Foundation, Government of Ontario [AWS Translate]

Hudson Bay Store, Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Bay Queen Street Store Department stores revolutionized shopping in the late nineteenth century by offering selection, low prices and money-back guarantees. In 1895, Robert Simpson commissioned architect Edmund Burke to design his new department store at the southwest corner of Yonge and Queen Streets. It was the first building in Canada with a load-bearing metal frame and a façade clearly patterned on this internal structure. By 1969, Simpson's department store had been enlarged six times and occupied two city blocks between Yonge, Queen, Bay and Richmond Streets. Canada's oldest corporation and largest department store retailer, Hudson's Bay Company, acquired the building in 1978. A Bay store since 1991, it remains one of Canada's great shopping landmarks.

Queen and Yonge Streets, Toronto, ON, Canada

QUEEN'S PARK In 1859 the city leased land here from King's College, and in 1860 a park, named after Queen Victoria, was opened by the Prince of Wales, later Edward VII. Queen's Park was long considered as a location for new parliament buildings and in 1879-80 their construction was authorized by the Ontario Legislature and city council, and an inconclusive design com petition was held. In 1886 the cominission was awarded to Richard Waite of Buffalo, one of the adjudicators. This decision generated considerable controversy among Ontario architects. The main block of the massive Romanesque Revival structure, with its towering legislative chamber, was completed in 1892 and on April 4, 1893, the first legislative session in Queen's Park was opened under Premier Sir Oliver Mowat. QUEEN'S PARK En 1859. la ville loue des terrains du King's College, et en 1860, un parc est inauguré en l'honneur de la reine Victoria par le Prince de Galles, le futur Edouard VII. Queen's Park est considéré pendant longtemps comme un endroit privilégié, pour de nouveaux édifices du Parlement en 1879-1880 L'Assemblée législative de l'Ontario et le conseil municipal en autorisent la construction et un concours a lieu. Faute de lauréat. le contrat est accordé en 1886 à l'un des juges Richard Waite, de Buffalo, ce qui soulève un tollé de la part des architectes ontariens. L'immeuble central de l'imposante structure d'inspiration néo-romane est terminé en 1892 et, le 4 avril 1893. s'ouvre la première session de la Légis. lature sous le ministère de Sir Oliver Mowat.

111 Wellesley St West, Toronto, ON, Canada

The Toronto Recursive History Project of Toronto's Recursive History This plaque was commemorated on October 10, 2018, to commemorate its own commemoration. Plaques like this one are an integral part of the campaign to support more plaques like this one. By reading this plaque, you have made a valuable addition to the number of people who have read this plaque. To this day and up to the end of this sentence, this plaque continues to be read by people like yourself.

390 Montrose Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

Subjects

Berkeley Street Firehall No.4 1905 This building was designed by architect A. Frank Wickson in the Edwardian Classical style to replace an earlier firehall on this site. Marked by arched gables, it also features rich contrasts in brick and stone, most visible around the grand second-storey window. Fire engines once entered through garage doors (now windows) and fire hoses were dried in the tower, which has since been reduced in size. In 1972, the hall was renovated as a theatre by architect Ron Thom for the Alumnae Theatre Company.

Wall of Alumnae Theatre, on south-west corner of Berkeley Street and Adelaide Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

Subjects

CANADA'S FIRST ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH PREMIER TÉLÉGRAPHE ÉLECTRIQUE CANADIEN 19 December 1846 marked the inauguration of the telegraph in Canada. This major development in communications was pioneered by the Toronto, Hamilton and Niagara Electro-Magnetic Telegraph Company whose line then being built between Toronto and Queenston carried the first message, from the mayor of Toronto to his Hamilton counterpart. To most Canadians the early telegraph was an expensive novelty but both the press and business soon adapted it to their use. In 1852 the successful but limited Toronto, Hamilton and Niagara enterprise was bought by the larger Montreal Telegraph Company. Le 19 décembre 1846 le télégraphe fut inauguré au Canada. La Toronto, Hamilton and Niagara Electro-Magnetic Telegraph Company, instigatrice de cette importante évolution des communications, transmit le premier message, du maire de Toronto à son homologue d'Hamilton, par la ligne en construction entre Toronto et Queenston. Pour la plupart des Canadiens, le premier télégraphe était une nouveauté coûteuse, mais la presse et le commerce ne tardèrent pas à l'adopter. En 1852, la Toronto, Hamilton and Niagara, passa à la Montreal Telegraph Company.

English translation:

corner of Front and Jarvis Streets, Toronto, ON, Canada

J. Frank Raw Building 1930 This building in the Art Deco style was designed by architect Murray Brown, with his associate A. G. Elton, for the J. Frank Raw Company. In 1931, Brown received an award for this work in the Commercial Buildings category from the Toronto chapter of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. The facade is notable for its recessed and octagonal upper floor windows, as well as for its decorative metal work. During the Second World War, a manufacturer of glow-in-the-dark aircraft dials and watch hands occupied the third floor.

103 Church Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

YORK MECHANICS INSTITUTE 1830 - 1882 The Mechanics Institute movement began in Britain and soon spread to North America. Its aim was to teach workers the applied technology behind new methods of manufacture and craftmanship introduced during the Industrial Revolution. The first Institute in Ontario was established at York (Toronto) in 1830. It sponsored lectures, held classes and operated a lending library. It moved from rented quarters into its own new building on this site in 1861. After passage of the Free Libraries Act in 1882, the Institute transferred its assets to the municipal government. Its book collections formed the foundation of the Toronto Public Library which opened in the former Institute building in 1884 YORK MECHANICS INSTITUTE 1830-1882 Le nouvement des Mechanics Institutes naît en Grande-Bretagne et s'étend à l'Amérique du Nord. Son but est d'enseigner aux ouvriers la technologie appliquée sur laquelle reposent les nouvelles méthodes de fabrication et d'exécution inaugurées pendant la Révolution industrielle. Le premier Institut de 1 Ontario est fondé à York (Toronto) en 1830. Il organise des conférences et des cours et possède une bibliothèque de prêt L'Institut d'abord installé dans des locaux loués, prend possession, en 1861, de son nouvel immeuble construit sur ce site. Après l'adoption de la Loi sur les bibliothèques gratuites en 1882, il cède ses biens à l'administration municipale. Ses collections de livres constituent le fonds de la Bibliothèque publique de Toronto, qui s'ouvre en 1884 dans l'ancien immeuble de T'Institut

Northeast corner of Church Street and Adelaide Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

THE BANK OF UPPER CANADA BUILDING L'EDIFICE DE LA BANQUE DU HAUT - CANADA Chartered in 1821, the Bank of Upper Canada, was until its demise in 1866, one of British North America's leading banks. It played a significant role in the development of Upper Canada -- supplying currency, protecting savings and making loans -- and aided Toronto's rise as the commercial centre of the colony. This building, opened in 1827, was the second home of the bank. Its design reflects the image of conservative opulence favoured by financial institutions of the time. The portico, designed by John G. Howard, a leading architect of the period, was added about 1844. Fondée en 1821, la Banque du Haut-Canada compta jusqu'à sa fermeture en 1866 parmi les banques les plus prospères de l'Amérique du Nord britannique. Elle contribua de façon notable au développement du HautCanada (émission de monnaie, protection de l'épargne, prêts et contribua à faire de Toronto le centre commercial de la colonie. Cet édifice, ouvert au public en 1827. est le deuxième qu’occupa la Banque. Le style du bâtiment témoigne du luxe traditionnel des établissements financiers d'alors. Le portique, ajouté à l'édifice vers 1844, fut conçu par John G. Howard, architecte renommé de l'époque.

English translation:

north-east corner of Adelaide Street East and George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada

YORK POST OFFICE LE BUREAU DE POSTE DE YORK CANADA Originally all post offices in Upper Canada were owned by the postmasters in charge, - who were imperial appointments. This building was constructed for postmaster James Scott Howard during 1833-1835 and functioned as the town's post office until Howard's dismissal in 1837. A typical example of a small public building of the time, combining public offices with a private residence, it survives as a rare example of an early Canadian post office. In 1876, it was incorporated into the present block of buildings. The mansard roof is a later addition. Dans les premiers temps de la colonie, chaque bureau de poste appartenait au maître de poste, dont la nomination était politique. Ce bâtiment, construit en 1833-1835 pour le maître de poste James Scott Howard, servit de bureau de poste de Toronto jusqu'au départ de Howard en 1837. Rare témoin des premiers bureaux de poste canadiens, il est caractéristique des petits bâtiments publics de l'époque, qui abritaient bureaux publics et résidence privée sous un même toit. En 1876, on incorpora la construction à ce groupe de bâtiments en rangée. Plus tard, on ajouta le toit en mansarde.

260 Adelaide Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada

St. Lawrence Hall 1850 St. Lawrence Hall, one of the oldest public buildings in Toronto, was constructed following the Great Fire of 1849 that destroyed a large part of the city's core. Architect William Thomas designed the building in the Renaissance Revival style with Corinthian columns and a domed cupola. The entrance originally led to a shopping arcade connected to the St. Lawrence Market. The building had shops on the main floor and, on the upper floors, offices and a grand meeting hall used for social events and by prominent speakers, performers, and musicians. Abolitionist Frederick Douglass, Swedish soprano Jenny Lind, and showman P. T. Barnum all appeared in the hall, as did William Lyon Mackenzie, Toronto's first mayor and Upper Canada Rebellion leader. In the 20th century, St. Lawrence Hall lost prominence and fell into disrepair. By 1965, it was partially derelict and threatened with demolition. A campaign led by architect Eric Arthur resulted in the restoration of the building and its recognition as a National Historic Site in 1967.

157 King St East, Toronto, ON, Canada

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Gooderham And Worts Distillery Complex La Distillerie Gooderham And Worts Canada The seeds of Canada's largest 19th-century distilling firm were sown in 1837 when a still was set up on this site to convert surplus grain from an 1832 grist mill into whisky Exploiting new technologies and commercial opportunities, Gooderham and Worts grew steadily, parallelling Toronto's rise as a manufacturing centre. With the large stone distillery erected in 1859-61 and brick malthouse, kilns, warehouses, shops and offices built before 1900, this complex is an outstanding example of Victorian industrial design in terms of integrity, historical associations and aesthetic qualities. L'origine de la plus grande distillerie canadienne du XIXe siècle remonte à un moulin érigé en 1832 et auquel on ajouta un alambic en 1837. Exploitant des techniques nouvelles et de nouveaux débouchés, Gooderham and Worts connut un rythme constant de croissance, parallèle à celui qui éleva Toronto au rang de centre manufacturier. L'édifice de pierre, érigé en 1859-1861 pour les alambics, et les bâtiments de brique construits avant 1900 pour les malteries, fours, entrepôts, ateliers et bureaux, forment un ensemble industriel victorien remarquable par son intégrité, son esthétique et ses liens avec l'histoire.

English translation:

16 Trinity St, Toronto, ON, Canada

Subjects

DE LA SALLE INSTITUTE BUILDING 1871 Designed by Toronto architect Henry Langley, this building was constructed as a boys school operated by the Brothers of the Christian Schools, a Catholic teaching order. The Brothers had purchased the former Bank of Upper Canada, building to the immediate west in 1870. One year later this central building was completed to provide extra classroom, library and dormitory space. By 1876, the Institute's educational complex had expanded further to include the former Post Office to the immediate east. As the Institute's centre block, this building was originally set apart from its older adjoining neighbours by its Second Empire style, best defined by its mansard roof. Such roofs were later added to the other buildings. The entire complex served educational purposes until 1916. From 1925 to 1956, the United Farmers Cooperative Company used it for offices, cold storage, and a food processing plant. Later abandoned, the three buildings were saved from demolition and restored to use in the early 1980s.

252 Adelaide Street East, Toronto, ON, Canada