spatialDLPFC (original) (raw)

Study Design

Study design to generate paired single nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) and spatially-resolved transcriptomic data across DLPFC. (A) DLPFC tissue blocks were dissected across the rostral-caudal axis from 10 adult neurotypical control postmortem human brains, including anterior (Ant), middle (Mid), and posterior (Post) positions (n=3 blocks per donor, n=30 blocks total). The same tissue blocks were used for snRNA-seq (10x Genomics 3’ gene expression assay, n=1-2 blocks per donor, n=19 samples) and spatial transcriptomics (10x Genomics Visium spatial gene expression assay, n=3 blocks per donor, n=30 samples). (B) Paired snRNA-seq and Visium data were used to identify data-driven spatial domains (SpDs) and cell types, perform spot deconvolution, conduct cell-cell communication analyses, and spatially register companion PsychENCODE snRNA-seq DLPFC data. (C) t_-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) summarizing layer resolution cell types identified by snRNA-seq. (D) Tissue block orientation and morphology was confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and single molecule fluorescent in situ hybridization (smFISH) with RNAscope (SLC17A7 marking excitatory neurons in pink, MBP marking white matter (WM) in green, RELN_marking layer (L)1 in yellow, and NR4A2 marking L6 in orange). Scale bar is 2mm. Spotplots depicting log transformed normalized expression (logcounts) of SNAP25, MBP, and_PCP4 in the Visium data confirm the presence of gray matter, WM, and cortical layers, respectively. (E) Schematic of unsupervised SpD identification and registration using_BayesSpace SpDs at _k_=7. Enrichment_t_-statistics computed on BayesSpace SpDs were correlated with manual histological layer annotations from (Maynard, Collado-Torres et al., 2021, Nat Neuro) to map SpDs to known histological layers. The heatmap of correlation values summarizes the relationship between BayesSpace SpDs and classic histological layers. Higher confidence annotations (⍴ > 0.25, merge ratio = 0.1) are marked with an “X”.

Introductory material

If you prefer to watch a video overview of this project, check the following journal club presentations of the main and supplementary results, respectively.

L. A. Huuki-Myers also wrote an overview blog post summarizing some of the key results from thisspatialDLPFC project.

Interactive Websites

All of these interactive websites are powered by open source software, namely:

We provide the following interactive websites, organized by dataset with software labeled by emojis:

Local spatialLIBD apps

If you are interested in running the spatialLIBDapplications locally, you can do so thanks to the spatialLIBD::run_app(), which you can also use with your own data as shown in our vignette for publicly available datasets provided by 10x Genomics.

## Run this web application locally with:
spatialLIBD::run_app()

## You will have more control about the length of the session and memory usage.
## See http://research.libd.org/spatialLIBD/reference/run_app.html#examples
## for the full R code to run https://libd.shinyapps.io/spatialDLPFC_Visium_Sp09
## locally. See also:
## * https://github.com/LieberInstitute/spatialDLPFC/tree/main/code/deploy_app_k09
## * https://github.com/LieberInstitute/spatialDLPFC/tree/main/code/deploy_app_k09_position
## * https://github.com/LieberInstitute/spatialDLPFC/tree/main/code/deploy_app_k09_position_noWM
## * https://github.com/LieberInstitute/spatialDLPFC/tree/main/code/deploy_app_k16
## * https://github.com/LieberInstitute/spatialDLPFC/tree/main/code/analysis_IF/03_spatialLIBD_app

## You could also use spatialLIBD::run_app() to visualize your
## own data given some requirements described
## in detail in the package vignette documentation
## at http://research.libd.org/spatialLIBD/.

Citing our work

Please cite this manuscript if you use data from this project.

A data-driven single-cell and spatial transcriptomic map of the human prefrontal cortex Louise A. Huuki-Myers, Abby Spangler, Nicholas J. Eagles, Kelsey D. Montgomery, Sang Ho Kwon, Boyi Guo, Melissa Grant-Peters, Heena R. Divecha, Madhavi Tippani, Chaichontat Sriworarat, Annie B. Nguyen, Prashanthi Ravichandran, Matthew N. Tran, Arta Seyedian, PsychENCODE Consortium, Thomas M. Hyde, Joel E. Kleinman, Alexis Battle, Stephanie C. Page, Mina Ryten, Stephanie C. Hicks, Keri Martinowich, Leonardo Collado-Torres, Kristen R. Maynard_Science_ 384, eadh1938 (2024).; doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adh1938

Below is the citation in BibTeX format.

@article {Huuki-Myers2024.eadh1938,
    author = {Huuki-Myers, Louise A. and Spangler, Abby and Eagles, Nicholas J. and Montgomery, Kelsey D. and Kwon, Sang Ho and Guo, Boyi and Grant-Peters, Melissa and Divecha, Heena R. and Tippani, Madhavi and Sriworarat, Chaichontat and Nguyen, Annie B. and Ravichandran, Prashanthi and Tran, Matthew N. and Seyedian, Arta and , and Hyde, Thomas M. and Kleinman, Joel E. and Battle, Alexis and Page, Stephanie C. and Ryten, Mina and Hicks, Stephanie C. and Martinowich, Keri and Collado-Torres, Leonardo and Maynard, Kristen R.},
    title = {A data-driven single-cell and spatial transcriptomic map of the human prefrontal cortex},
    year = {2024},
    doi = {10.1126/science.adh1938},
    publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)},
    URL = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adh1938},
    journal = {Science}
}

Cite spatialLIBD

Below is the citation output from usingcitation('spatialLIBD') in R. Please run this yourself to check for any updates on how to cite spatialLIBD.

print(citation("spatialLIBD")[1], bibtex = TRUE)
#> Pardo B, Spangler A, Weber LM, Hicks SC, Jaffe AE, Martinowich K, Maynard
#> KR, Collado-Torres L (2022). "spatialLIBD: an R/Bioconductor package to
#> visualize spatially-resolved transcriptomics data." _BMC Genomics_.
#> doi:10.1186/s12864-022-08601-w
#> <https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08601-w>,
#> <https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08601-w>.
#> 
#> A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is
#> 
#>   @Article{,
#>     title = {spatialLIBD: an R/Bioconductor package to visualize spatially-resolved transcriptomics data},
#>     author = {Brenda Pardo and Abby Spangler and Lukas M. Weber and Stephanie C. Hicks and Andrew E. Jaffe and Keri Martinowich and Kristen R. Maynard and Leonardo Collado-Torres},
#>     year = {2022},
#>     journal = {BMC Genomics},
#>     doi = {10.1186/s12864-022-08601-w},
#>     url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08601-w},
#>   }

Please note that the spatialLIBD was only made possible thanks to many other R and bioinformatics software authors, which are cited either in the vignettes and/or the paper(s) describing the package.

Cite Samui

To cite samuiplease use:

Performant web-based interactive visualization tool for spatially-resolved transcriptomics experiments Chaichontat Sriworarat, Annie Nguyen, Nicholas J. Eagles, Leonardo Collado-Torres, Keri Martinowich, Kristen R. Maynard, Stephanie C. Hicks Biological Imaging; doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2633903X2300017X

Below is the citation in BibTeX format.

@article{sriworarat_performant_2023,
    title = {Performant web-based interactive visualization tool for spatially-resolved transcriptomics experiments},
    volume = {3},
    issn = {2633-903X},
    url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/biological-imaging/article/performant-webbased-interactive-visualization-tool-for-spatiallyresolved-transcriptomics-experiments/B66303984D10B9E5A23D3656CB8537C0},
    doi = {10.1017/S2633903X2300017X},
    language = {en},
    urldate = {2024-04-19},
    journal = {Biological Imaging},
    author = {Sriworarat, Chaichontat and Nguyen, Annie and Eagles, Nicholas J. and Collado-Torres, Leonardo and Martinowich, Keri and Maynard, Kristen R. and Hicks, Stephanie C.},
    month = jan,
    year = {2023},
    keywords = {georeferencing, interactive image viewer, multi-dimensional image, single-cell transcriptomics, spatially resolved transcriptomics, web-based browser},
    pages = {e15}
}

Cite VistoSeg

To cite VistoSegplease use:

VistoSeg: {Processing utilities for high-resolution images for spatially resolved transcriptomics data. Madhavi Tippani, Heena R. Divecha, Joseph L. Catallini II, Sang Ho Kwon, Lukas M. Weber, Abby Spangler, Andrew E. Jaffe, Thomas M. Hyde, Joel E. Kleinman, Stephanie C. Hicks, Keri Martinowich, Leonardo Collado-Torres, Stephanie C. Page, Kristen R. Maynard Biological Imaging ; doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2633903X23000235

Below is the citation in BibTeX format.

@article{tippani_vistoseg_2023,
    title = {{VistoSeg}: {Processing} utilities for high-resolution images for spatially resolved transcriptomics data},
    volume = {3},
    issn = {2633-903X},
    shorttitle = {{VistoSeg}},
    url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/biological-imaging/article/vistoseg-processing-utilities-for-highresolution-images-for-spatially-resolved-transcriptomics-data/990CBC4AC069F5EDC62316919398404B},
    doi = {10.1017/S2633903X23000235},
    language = {en},
    urldate = {2024-04-19},
    journal = {Biological Imaging},
    author = {Tippani, Madhavi and Divecha, Heena R. and Catallini, Joseph L. and Kwon, Sang H. and Weber, Lukas M. and Spangler, Abby and Jaffe, Andrew E. and Hyde, Thomas M. and Kleinman, Joel E. and Hicks, Stephanie C. and Martinowich, Keri and Collado-Torres, Leonardo and Page, Stephanie C. and Maynard, Kristen R.},
    month = jan,
    year = {2023},
    keywords = {hematoxylin and eosin, immunofluorescence, MATLAB, segmentation, spatially resolved transcriptomics, Visium, Visium-Spatial Proteogenomics},
    pages = {e23}
}

Data Access

We highly value open data sharing and believe that doing so accelerates science, as was the case between our HumanPilotand the external BayesSpaceprojects, documented on this slide.

Processed Data

spatialLIBDalso allows you to access the data from this project as ready to use R objects. That is, a:

You can use the zellkonverterBioconductor package to convert any of them into Python AnnDataobjects. If you browse our code, you can find examples of such conversions.

If you are unfamiliar with these tools, you might want to check theLIBD rstats club (check and search keywords on the schedule) videos and resources.

Installing spatialLIBD

Get the latest stable R release from CRAN. Then installspatialLIBD from Bioconductor with the following code:

## Install BiocManager in order to install Bioconductor packages properly
if (!requireNamespace("BiocManager", quietly = TRUE)) {
    install.packages("BiocManager")
}

## Check that you have a valid R/Bioconductor installation
BiocManager::valid()

## Now install spatialLIBD from Bioconductor
## (this version has been tested on macOS, winOS, linux)
BiocManager::install("spatialLIBD")

## If you need the development version from GitHub you can use the following:
# BiocManager::install("LieberInstitute/spatialLIBD")
## Note that this version might include changes that have not been tested
## properly on all operating systems.

R objects

Using spatialLIBD you can access the spatialDLPFC transcriptomics data from the 10x Genomics Visium platform. For example, this is the code you can use to access the spatially-resolved data. For more details, check the help file for fetch_data().

## Check that you have a recent version of spatialLIBD installed
stopifnot(packageVersion("spatialLIBD") >= "1.11.6")

## Download the spot-level data
spe <- spatialLIBD::fetch_data(type = "spatialDLPFC_Visium")

## This is a SpatialExperiment object
spe
#> class: SpatialExperiment 
#> dim: 28916 113927 
#> metadata(1): BayesSpace.data
#> assays(2): counts logcounts
#> rownames(28916): ENSG00000243485 ENSG00000238009 ... ENSG00000278817 ENSG00000277196
#> rowData names(7): source type ... gene_type gene_search
#> colnames(113927): AAACAACGAATAGTTC-1 AAACAAGTATCTCCCA-1 ... TTGTTTGTATTACACG-1 TTGTTTGTGTAAATTC-1
#> colData names(155): age array_col ... VistoSeg_proportion wrinkle_type
#> reducedDimNames(8): 10x_pca 10x_tsne ... HARMONY UMAP.HARMONY
#> mainExpName: NULL
#> altExpNames(0):
#> spatialCoords names(2) : pxl_col_in_fullres pxl_row_in_fullres
#> imgData names(4): sample_id image_id data scaleFactor

## Note the memory size
lobstr::obj_size(spe)
#> 6.97 GB

## Set the cluster colors
colors_BayesSpace <- Polychrome::palette36.colors(28)
names(colors_BayesSpace) <- seq_len(28)

## Remake the logo image with histology information
p09 <- spatialLIBD::vis_clus(
    spe = spe,
    clustervar = "BayesSpace_harmony_09",
    sampleid = "Br6522_ant",
    colors = colors_BayesSpace,
    ... = " spatialDLPFC Human Brain\nSp09 domains -- made with spatialLIBD"
)
p09

## Repeat but for Sp16
p16 <- spatialLIBD::vis_clus(
    spe = spe,
    clustervar = "BayesSpace_harmony_16",
    sampleid = "Br6522_ant",
    colors = colors_BayesSpace,
    ... = " spatialDLPFC Human Brain\nSp16 domains -- made with spatialLIBD"
)
p16

Internal

Files: spatialDLPFC

This GitHub repository is organized along the R/Bioconductor-powered Team Data Science group guidelines. It aims to follow the LieberInstitute/template_projectstructure, though most of the code/analysis output is saved at processed-data/rdata/spe directory unlike what’s specified in the template structure. This is due to historical reasons.