Countries Go-Gu (original) (raw)

Rulers

Contents of this page:
Greece - Greenland - Grenada - Guadeloupe - Guam - Guatemala - Guernsey - Guinea - Guinea-Bissau - Guyana

Gold Coast: see Ghana.

Goshen: see under South Africa.

Granada: see under Nicaragua.

Great Britain: see United Kingdom.

Greece

 _c._1460                part of Ottoman Empire

13 Jan 1822 independence proclaimed (Greece) 15 Apr 1827 Greek State 3 Feb 1830 international recognition of independence 6 Feb 1833 Kingdom of Greece 16 Mar 1924 Greek State 29 Sep 1925 Greek Republic 10 Oct 1935 Kingdom of Greece 6 Apr 1941 - 13 Oct 1944 German occupation (Greek State) 1 Jun 1973 Greek Republic

Presidents of the Executive 13 Jan 1822 - 10 May 1823 Alexandros Mavrokordatos (b. 1791 - d. 1865) 10 May 1823 - 31 Dec 1823 Petros Mavromichalis (b. 1765 - d. 1848) 31 Dec 1823 - 26 Apr 1826 Georgios Kountouriotis (b. 1782 - d. 1858) 26 Apr 1826 - 14 Apr 1827 Andreas Zaimis (b. 1791 - d. 1840) (president of the Government Commission) Governors 15 Apr 1827 - 24 Jan 1828 Acting Government Commission - Georgios Mavromichalis (b. 1800 - d. 1831) - Ioannis Nakos - Ioannis Milaitis 24 Jan 1828 - 9 Oct 1831 Ioannis Kapodistrias (b. 1776 - d. 1831) 9 Oct 1831 - 8 Apr 1832 Avgoustinos Kapodistrias (b. 1778 - d. 1857) (president of the Provisional Government Commission to 20 Dec 1831) 1832 - 6 Feb 1833 Government Commission - Ioannis Kolettis (b. 1774 - d. 1847) - Georgios Kountouriotis (s.a.) (chairman from 22 Apr 1832) - Andreas Zaimis (s.a.) (from 18 Aug 1832) - Andreas Metaxas (b. 1790 - d. 1860) (from 18 Aug 1832) Kings� - Wittelsbach dynasty - 6 Feb 1833 - 22 Oct 1862 Othon (b. 1815 - d. 1867) 18 Feb 1833 - 1 Jun 1835 Joseph Ludwig Graf von Armansperg (b. 1787 - d. 1853) (chairman Council of Regency) Acting heads of state 23 Oct 1862 - 20 Feb 1863 Provisional triumvirate - Dimitrios Voulgaris (b. 1803 - d. 1878) - Konstantinos Kanaris (b. 1790 - d. 1877) - Benizelos Rouphos (b. 1795 - d. 1868) 20 Feb 1863 - 6 Jun 1863 see heads of government - Gl�cksburg dynasty - 6 Jun 1863 - 18 Mar 1913 Georgios I (b. 1845 - d. 1913) 18 Mar 1913 - 12 Jun 1917 Konstantinos I (1st time) (b. 1868 - d. 1923) 12 Jun 1917 - 25 Oct 1920 Alexandros (b. 1893 - d. 1920) 28 Oct 1920 - 18 Nov 1920 Pavlos Kountouriotis (1st time) (b. 1855 - d. 1935) (regent) 18 Nov 1920 - 11 Dec 1920 Queen Olga (f) (regent) (b. 1851 - d. 1926) 11 Dec 1920 - 27 Sep 1922 Konstantinos I (2nd time) (s.a.) 27 Sep 1922 - 16 Mar 1924 Georgios II (1st time) (b. 1890 - d. 1947) 19 Dec 1923 - 14 Apr 1924 Pavlos Kountouriotis (2nd time) (s.a.) (regent [for absent Georgios to 16 Mar 1924]) Provisional Governor of the State 14 Apr 1924 - 29 Sep 1925 Pavlos Kountouriotis (s.a.) Presidents 29 Sep 1925 - 19 Mar 1926 Pavlos Kountouriotis (1st time) (s.a.) (provisional) 19 Mar 1926 - 22 Aug 1926 Theodoros Pangalos (b. 1878 - d. 1952) (acting to 18 Apr 1926) 22 Aug 1926 - 10 Dec 1929 Pavlos Kountouriotis (2nd time) (s.a.) (provisional to 5 Jun 1929) 10 Dec 1929 - 10 Oct 1935 Alexandros Zaimis (b. 1855 - d. 1936) (acting to 14 Dec 1929) Kings� 10 Oct 1935 - 4 Nov 1935 Georgios Kondylis (regent) (b. 1879 - d. 1936) 4 Nov 1935 - 1 Apr 1947 Georgios II (2nd time) (s.a.) (23 May 1941 - 27 Sep 1946 in exile�) 30 Dec 1944 - 27 Sep 1946 Damaskinos (regent) (b. 1891 - d. 1949) 1 Apr 1947 - 6 Mar 1964 Pavlos (b. 1901 - d. 1964) 20 Feb 1964 - 6 Mar 1964 Konstantinos (regent) (b. 1940 - d. 2023) 6 Mar 1964 - 1 Jun 1973 Konstantinos II (s.a.) (left Greece 14 Dec 1967) 13 Dec 1967 - 21 Mar 1972 Georgios Zoitakis (regent) (b. 1910 - d. 1996) 21 Mar 1972 - 1 Jun 1973 Georgios Papadopoulos (regent) (b. 1919 - d. 1999) Presidents 1 Jun 1973 - 25 Nov 1973 Georgios Papadopoulos (s.a.) (provisional to 19 Aug 1973) 25 Nov 1973 - 14 Dec 1974 Phaidon Ghizikis (b. 1917 - d. 1999) 14 Dec 1974 - 18 Dec 1974 Konstantinos Karamanlis (1st time) (b. 1907 - d. 1998) (acting) 18 Dec 1974 - 20 Jun 1975 Michail Stasinopoulos (b. 1903 - d. 2002) 20 Jun 1975 - 14 May 1980 Konstantinos Tsatsos (b. 1899 - d. 1987) 15 May 1980 - 10 Mar 1985 Konstantinos Karamanlis (2nd time) (s.a.) 10 Mar 1985 - 29 Mar 1985 Ioannis Alevras (acting) (b. 1912 - d. 1995) 30 Mar 1985 - 4 May 1990 Christos Sartzetakis (b. 1929 - d. 2022) 4 May 1990 - 10 Mar 1995 Konstantinos Karamanlis (3rd time) (s.a.) 10 Mar 1995 - 12 Mar 2005 Kostis Stephanopoulos (b. 1926 - d. 2016) 12 Mar 2005 - 13 Mar 2015 Karolos Papoulias (b. 1929 - d. 2021) 13 Mar 2015 - 13 Mar 2020 Prokopis Pavlopoulos (b. 1950) 13 Mar 2020 - Ekaterini Sakellaropoulou (f) (b. 1956)

Secretaries of state 4 Feb 1828 - 17 Feb 1829 Spyridon Trikoupis (b. 1788 - d. 1873) 17 Feb 1829 - 26 Apr 1832 Nikolaos Spiliadis (b. 1785 - d. 1867) 26 Apr 1832 - 6 Feb 1833 Dimitrios Christidis (b. 1799 - d. 1877) Prime ministers (presidents of the Ministerial Council) 6 Feb 1833 - 24 Oct 1833 Spyridon Trikoupis (s.a.) 24 Oct 1833 - 12 Jun 1834 Alexandros Mavrokordatos (1st time) (s.a.) 12 Jun 1834 - 1 Jun 1835 Ioannis Kolettis (1st time) (s.a.) 1 Jun 1835 - 14 Feb 1837 Joseph Ludwig Graf von Armansperg (s.a.) (chief secretary and president of the Ministerial Council) 14 Feb 1837 - 20 Dec 1837 Ignaz von Rudhart (b. 1790 - d. 1838) 20 Dec 1837 - 6 Jul 1841 Othon (1st time) (s.a.) 6 Jul 1841 - 22 Aug 1841 Alexandros Mavrokordatos (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Aug 1841 - 15 Sep 1843 Othon (2nd time) (s.a.) 15 Sep 1843 - 28 Feb 1844 Andreas Metaxas (s.a.) 28 Feb 1844 - 11 Apr 1844 Konstantinos Kanaris (1st time) (s.a.) 11 Apr 1844 - 18 Aug 1844 Alexandros Mavrokordatos (3rd time) (s.a.) 18 Aug 1844 - 12 Sep 1847 Ioannis Kolettis (2nd time) (s.a.) 12 Sep 1847 - 20 Mar 1848 Kitsos Tzavellas (b. 1801 - d. 1855) (acting to 17 Sep 1847) 20 Mar 1848 - 27 Oct 1848 Georgios Kountouriotis (s.a.) 27 Oct 1848 - 24 Dec 1849 Konstantinos Kanaris (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Dec 1849 - 28 May 1854 Antonios Kriezis (b. 1796 - d. 1865) 28 May 1854 - 4 Oct 1855 Alexandros Mavrokordatos (4th time) (s.a.) 4 Oct 1855 - 25 Nov 1857 Dimitrios Voulgaris (1st time) (s.a.) 25 Nov 1857 - 7 Jun 1862 Athanasios Miaoulis (b. 1815 - d. 1867) 7 Jun 1862 - 22 Oct 1862 Gennaios Kolokotronis (b. 1806 - d. 1868) Presidents of the Provisional Government 23 Oct 1862 - 21 Feb 1863 Dimitrios Voulgaris (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Feb 1863 - 23 Feb 1863 Aristidis Moraitinis (1st time) (b. 1806 - d. 1875) (acting) 23 Feb 1863 - 8 Apr 1863 Zinovios Valvis (1st time) (b. 1800 - d. 1886) 8 Apr 1863 - 11 May 1863 Diomidis Kyriakos (1st time) (b. 1811 - d. 1869) 11 May 1863 - 1 Jul 1863 Benizelos Rouphos (1st time) (s.a.) 1 Jul 1863 - 3 Jul 1863 Diomidis Kyriakos (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 3 Jul 1863 - 6 Nov 1863 Benizelos Rouphos (2nd time) (s.a.) Prime ministers (until 1968 officially called presidents of the Ministerial Council) 6 Nov 1863 - 17 Mar 1864 Dimitrios Voulgaris (3rd time) (s.a.) 17 Mar 1864 - 28 Apr 1864 Konstantinos Kanaris (3rd time) (s.a.) 28 Apr 1864 - 7 Aug 1864 Zinovios Valvis (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Aug 1864 - 14 Mar 1865 Konstantinos Kanaris (4th time) (s.a.) 14 Mar 1865 - 1 Nov 1865 Alexandros Koumoundouros (1st time) (b. 1814 - d. 1883) 1 Nov 1865 - 15 Nov 1865 Epaminondas Deligeorgis (1st time) (b. 1829 - d. 1879) 15 Nov 1865 - 18 Nov 1865 Dimitrios Voulgaris (4th time) (s.a.) 18 Nov 1865 - 25 Nov 1865 Alexandros Koumoundouros (2nd time) (s.a.) 25 Nov 1865 - 11 Dec 1865 Epaminondas Deligeorgis (2nd time) (s.a.) 11 Dec 1865 - 21 Jun 1866 Benizelos Rouphos (3rd time) (s.a.) 21 Jun 1866 - 30 Dec 1866 Dimitrios Voulgaris (5th time) (s.a.) 30 Dec 1866 - 1 Jan 1868 Alexandros Koumoundouros (3rd time) (s.a.) 1 Jan 1868 - 6 Feb 1868 Aristidis Moraitinis (2nd time) (s.a.) 6 Feb 1868 - 6 Feb 1869 Dimitrios Voulgaris (6th time) (s.a.) 6 Feb 1869 - 21 Jul 1870 Thrasyvoulos Zaimis (1st time) (b. 1825 - d. 1880) 21 Jul 1870 - 15 Dec 1870 Epaminondas Deligeorgis (3rd time) (s.a.) 15 Dec 1870 - 9 Nov 1871 Alexandros Koumoundouros (4th time) (s.a.) 9 Nov 1871 - 6 Jan 1872 Thrasyvoulos Zaimis (2nd time) (s.a.) 6 Jan 1872 - 20 Jul 1872 Dimitrios Voulgaris (7th time) (s.a.) 20 Jul 1872 - 21 Feb 1874 Epaminondas Deligeorgis (4th time) (s.a.) 21 Feb 1874 - 9 May 1875 Dimitrios Voulgaris (8th time) (s.a.) 9 May 1875 - 27 Oct 1875 Charilaos Trikoupis (1st time) (b. 1832 - d. 1896) 27 Oct 1875 - 8 Dec 1876 Alexandros Koumoundouros (5th time) (s.a.) 8 Dec 1876 - 13 Dec 1876 Epaminondas Deligeorgis (5th time) (s.a.) 13 Dec 1876 - 10 Mar 1877 Alexandros Koumoundouros (6th time) (s.a.) 10 Mar 1877 - 31 May 1877 Epaminondas Deligeorgis (6th time) (s.a.) 31 May 1877 - 7 Jun 1877 Alexandros Koumoundouros (7th time) (s.a.) 7 Jun 1877 - 14 Sep 1877 Konstantinos Kanaris (5th time) (s.a.) 14 Sep 1877 - 23 Jan 1878 Ministerial Council - Charilaos Trikoupis (s.a.) - Alexandros Koumoundouros (s.a.) - Epaminondas Deligeorgis (s.a.) - Thrasyvoulos Zaimis (s.a.) - Theodoros Deligiannis (b. 1826 - d. 1905) - Charalampos Zymvrakakis (b. 1812 - d. 1880) 23 Jan 1878 - 2 Nov 1878 Alexandros Koumoundouros (8th time) (s.a.) 2 Nov 1878 - 7 Nov 1878 Charilaos Trikoupis (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Nov 1878 - 22 Mar 1880 Alexandros Koumoundouros (9th time) (s.a.) 22 Mar 1880 - 25 Oct 1880 Charilaos Trikoupis (3rd time) (s.a.) 25 Oct 1880 - 15 Mar 1882 Alexandros Koumoundouros (10th time) (s.a.) 15 Mar 1882 - 1 May 1885 Charilaos Trikoupis (4th time) (s.a.) 1 May 1885 - 12 May 1886 Theodoros Deligiannis (1st time) (s.a.) 12 May 1886 - 21 May 1886 Dimitrios Valvis (b. 1814 - d. 1892) 21 May 1886 - 5 Nov 1890 Charilaos Trikoupis (5th time) (s.a.) 5 Nov 1890 - 1 Mar 1892 Theodoros Deligiannis (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Mar 1892 - 22 Jun 1892 Konstantinos Konstantopoulos (b. 1832 - d. 1910) 22 Jun 1892 - 15 May 1893 Charilaos Trikoupis (6th time) (s.a.) 15 May 1893 - 11 Nov 1893 Sotirios Sotiropoulos (b. 1831 - d. 1898) 11 Nov 1893 - 24 Jan 1895 Charilaos Trikoupis (7th time) (s.a.) 24 Jan 1895 - 12 Jun 1895 Nikolaos Deligiannis (b. 1845 - d. 1910) 12 Jun 1895 - 30 Apr 1897 Theodoros Deligiannis (3rd time) (s.a.) 30 Apr 1897 - 3 Oct 1897 Dimitrios Rallis (1st time) (b. 1844 - d. 1921) 3 Oct 1897 - 14 Apr 1899 Alexandros Zaimis (1st time) (s.a.) 14 Apr 1899 - 25 Nov 1901 Georgios Theotokis (1st time) (b. 1844 - d. 1916) 25 Nov 1901 - 7 Dec 1902 Alexandros Zaimis (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Dec 1902 - 27 Jun 1903 Theodoros Deligiannis (4th time) (s.a.) 27 Jun 1903 - 11 Jul 1903 Georgios Theotokis (2nd time) (s.a.) 11 Jul 1903 - 19 Dec 1903 Dimitrios Rallis (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Dec 1903 - 29 Dec 1904 Georgios Theotokis (3rd time) (s.a.) 29 Dec 1904 - 13 Jun 1905 Theodoros Deligiannis (5th time) (s.a.) 13 Jun 1905 - 22 Jun 1905 Nikolaos Gounarakis (acting) (b. 1852 - d. 1931) 22 Jun 1905 - 21 Dec 1905 Dimitrios Rallis (3rd time) (s.a.) 21 Dec 1905 - 20 Jul 1909 Georgios Theotokis (4th time) (s.a.) 20 Jul 1909 - 28 Aug 1909 Dimitrios Rallis (4th time) (s.a.) 28 Aug 1909 - 31 Jan 1910 Kyriakoulis Mavromichalis (b. 1850 - d. 1916) 31 Jan 1910 - 19 Oct 1910 Stephanos Dragoumis (b. 1842 - d. 1923) 19 Oct 1910 - 10 Mar 1915 Eleftherios Venizelos (1st time) (b. 1864 - d. 1936) 10 Mar 1915 - 23 Aug 1915 Dimitrios Gounaris (1st time) (b. 1867 - d. 1922) 23 Aug 1915 - 7 Oct 1915 Eleftherios Venizelos (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Oct 1915 - 7 Nov 1915 Alexandros Zaimis (3rd time) (s.a.) 7 Nov 1915 - 22 Jun 1916 Stephanos Skouloudis (b. 1838 - d. 1928) 22 Jun 1916 - 16 Sep 1916 Alexandros Zaimis (4th time) (s.a.) 16 Sep 1916 - 10 Oct 1916 Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos (1st time) (b. 1853 - d. 1927) 9 Oct 1916 - 27 Jun 1917 Eleftherios Venizelos (3rd time) (s.a.) (Thessaloniki government) 10 Oct 1916 - 4 May 1917 Spyridon Lampros (b. 1851 - d. 1919) 4 May 1917 - 27 Jun 1917 Alexandros Zaimis (5th time) (s.a.) 27 Jun 1917 - 17 Nov 1920 Eleftherios Venizelos (3rd time) (s.a.) 17 Nov 1920 - 6 Feb 1921 Dimitrios Rallis (5th time) (s.a.) 6 Feb 1921 - 8 Apr 1921 Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos (2nd time) (s.a.) 8 Apr 1921 - 16 May 1922 Dimitrios Gounaris (2nd time) (s.a.) 16 May 1922 - 22 May 1922 Nikolaos Stratos (b. 1872 - d. 1922) 22 May 1922 - 10 Sep 1922 Petros Protopapadakis (b. 1860 - d. 1922) 10 Sep 1922 - 29 Sep 1922 Nikolaos Triantaphyllakos (b. 1855 - d. 1939) 29 Sep 1922 - 30 Sep 1922 Anastasios Charalampis (b. 1862 - d. 1949) 30 Sep 1922 - 27 Nov 1922 Sotirios Krokidas (b. 1852 - d. 1924) 27 Nov 1922 - 11 Jan 1924 Stylianos Gonatas (b. 1876 - d. 1966) 11 Jan 1924 - 6 Feb 1924 Eleftherios Venizelos (4th time) (s.a.) 6 Feb 1924 - 12 Mar 1924 Georgios Kaphantaris (b. 1873 - d. 1946) 12 Mar 1924 - 25 Jul 1924 Alexandros Papanastasiou (1st time) (b. 1876 - d. 1936) 25 Jul 1924 - 7 Oct 1924 Themistoklis Sophoulis (1st time) (b. 1860 - d. 1949) 7 Oct 1924 - 26 Jun 1925 Andreas Michalakopoulos (b. 1875 - d. 1938) 26 Jun 1925 - 19 Jul 1926 Theodoros Pangalos (s.a.) 19 Jul 1926 - 22 Aug 1926 Athanasios Eftaxias (b. 1849 - d. 1931) 22 Aug 1926 - 4 Dec 1926 Georgios Kondylis (1st time) (s.a.) (de facto to 26 Aug 1926) 4 Dec 1926 - 4 Jul 1928 Alexandros Zaimis (6th time) (s.a.) 4 Jul 1928 - 26 May 1932 Eleftherios Venizelos (5th time) (s.a.) 26 May 1932 - 5 Jun 1932 Alexandros Papanastasiou (2nd time) (s.a.) 5 Jun 1932 - 4 Nov 1932 Eleftherios Venizelos (6th time) (s.a.) 4 Nov 1932 - 16 Jan 1933 Panagis Tsaldaris (1st time) (b. 1867 - d. 1936) 16 Jan 1933 - 6 Mar 1933 Eleftherios Venizelos (7th time) (s.a.) 6 Mar 1933 - 10 Mar 1933 Alexandros Othonaios (b. 1879 - d. 1970) 10 Mar 1933 - 10 Oct 1935 Panagis Tsaldaris (2nd time) (s.a.) 10 Oct 1935 - 30 Nov 1935 Georgios Kondylis (2nd time) (s.a.) 30 Nov 1935 - 13 Apr 1936 Konstantinos Demertzis (b. 1876 - d. 1936) 13 Apr 1936 - 29 Jan 1941 Ioannis Metaxas (b. 1871 - d. 1941) 29 Jan 1941 - 18 Apr 1941 Alexandros Korizis (b. 1885 - d. 1941) 21 Apr 1941 - 14 Apr 1944 Emmanouil Tsouderos (b. 1882 - d. 1956) (in exile� after 23 May 1941) 29 Apr 1941 - 2 Dec 1942 Georgios Tsolakoglou (b. 1886 - d. 1948) (collaborator government) 2 Dec 1942 - 7 Apr 1943 Konstantinos Logothetopoulos (b. 1878 - d. 1961) (collaborator government) 7 Apr 1943 - 12 Oct 1944 Ioannis Rallis (b. 1878 - d. 1946) (collaborator government) 14 Apr 1944 - 26 Apr 1944 Sophoklis Venizelos (1st time) (b. 1894 - d. 1964) (in exile�) 26 Apr 1944 - 3 Jan 1945 Georgios Papandreou (1st time) (b. 1888 - d. 1968) (in exile� until 18 Oct 1944) 3 Jan 1945 - 8 Apr 1945 Nikolaos Plastiras (1st time) (b. 1883 - d. 1953) 8 Apr 1945 - 17 Oct 1945 Petros Voulgaris (b. 1883 - d. 1957) 17 Oct 1945 - 1 Nov 1945 Damaskinos (acting) (s.a.) 1 Nov 1945 - 22 Nov 1945 Panagiotis Kanellopoulos (1st time) (b. 1902 - d. 1986) 22 Nov 1945 - 4 Apr 1946 Themistoklis Sophoulis (2nd time) (s.a.) 4 Apr 1946 - 18 Apr 1946 Panagiotis Poulitsas (b. 1881 - d. 1968) 18 Apr 1946 - 24 Jan 1947 Konstantinos Tsaldaris (1st time) (b. 1884 - d. 1970) 24 Jan 1947 - 29 Aug 1947 Dimitrios Maximos (b. 1873 - d. 1955) 29 Aug 1947 - 7 Sep 1947 Konstantinos Tsaldaris (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Sep 1947 - 24 Jun 1949 Themistoklis Sophoulis (3rd time) (s.a.) 24 Jun 1949 - 6 Jan 1950 Alexandros Diomidis (b. 1875 - d. 1950) (acting to 30 Jun 1949) 6 Jan 1950 - 23 Mar 1950 Ioannis Theotokis (b. 1880 - d. 1961) 23 Mar 1950 - 15 Apr 1950 Sophoklis Venizelos (2nd time) (s.a.) 15 Apr 1950 - 21 Aug 1950 Nikolaos Plastiras (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Aug 1950 - 27 Oct 1951 Sophoklis Venizelos (3rd time) (s.a.) 27 Oct 1951 - 11 Oct 1952 Nikolaos Plastiras (3rd time) (s.a.) 11 Oct 1952 - 19 Nov 1952 Dimitrios Kiousopoulos (b. 1892 - d. 1977) 19 Nov 1952 - 4 Oct 1955 Alexandros Papagos (b. 1883 - d. 1955) 4 Oct 1955 - 6 Oct 1955 Stephanos Stephanopoulos (1st time) (acting) (b. 1898 - d. 1982) 6 Oct 1955 - 5 Mar 1958 Konstantinos Karamanlis (1st time) (s.a.) 5 Mar 1958 - 17 May 1958 Konstantinos Georgakopoulos (interim) (b. 1890 - d. 1973) 17 May 1958 - 20 Sep 1961 Konstantinos Karamanlis (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Sep 1961 - 4 Nov 1961 Konstantinos Dovas (interim) (b. 1898 - d. 1973) 4 Nov 1961 - 19 Jun 1963 Konstantinos Karamanlis (3rd time) (s.a.) 19 Jun 1963 - 28 Sep 1963 Panagiotis Pipinelis (b. 1899 - d. 1970) 28 Sep 1963 - 8 Nov 1963 Stylianos Mavromichalis (b. 1902 - d. 1981) 8 Nov 1963 - 31 Dec 1963 Georgios Papandreou (2nd time) (s.a.) 31 Dec 1963 - 19 Feb 1964 Ioannis Paraskevopoulos (1st time) (b. 1900 - d. 1984) 19 Feb 1964 - 15 Jul 1965 Georgios Papandreou (3rd time) (s.a.) 15 Jul 1965 - 20 Aug 1965 Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas (b. 1893 - d. 1987) 20 Aug 1965 - 17 Sep 1965 Ilias Tsirimokos (b. 1907 - d. 1968) 17 Sep 1965 - 22 Dec 1966 Stephanos Stephanopoulos (2nd time) (b. 1898 - d. 1982) 22 Dec 1966 - 3 Apr 1967 Ioannis Paraskevopoulos (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Apr 1967 - 21 Apr 1967 Panagiotis Kanellopoulos (2nd time) (s.a.) 21 Apr 1967 - 13 Dec 1967 Konstantinos Kollias (b. 1901 - d. 1998) 13 Dec 1967 - 8 Oct 1973 Georgios Papadopoulos (s.a.) 8 Oct 1973 - 25 Nov 1973 Spyros Markezinis (b. 1909 - d. 2000) 25 Nov 1973 - 24 Jul 1974 Adamantios Androutsopoulos (b. 1919 - d. 2000) 24 Jul 1974 - 10 May 1980 Konstantinos Karamanlis (4th time) (s.a.) 10 May 1980 - 21 Oct 1981 Georgios Rallis (b. 1918 - d. 2006) 21 Oct 1981 - 2 Jul 1989 Andreas Papandreou (1st time) (b. 1919 - d. 1996) 2 Jul 1989 - 12 Oct 1989 Tzannis Tzannetakis (b. 1927 - d. 2010) 12 Oct 1989 - 23 Nov 1989 Ioannis Grivas (interim) (b. 1923 - d. 2016) 23 Nov 1989 - 11 Apr 1990 Xenophon Zolotas (b. 1904 - d. 2004) 11 Apr 1990 - 13 Oct 1993 Konstantinos Mitsotakis (b. 1918 - d. 2017) 13 Oct 1993 - 17 Jan 1996 Andreas Papandreou (2nd time) (s.a.) 17 Jan 1996 - 22 Jan 1996 Akis Tsochatzopoulos (acting) (b. 1939 - d. 2021) 22 Jan 1996 - 10 Mar 2004 Kostas Simitis (b. 1936) 10 Mar 2004 - 6 Oct 2009 Kostas Karamanlis (b. 1956) 6 Oct 2009 - 11 Nov 2011 Georgios Papandreou (b. 1952) 11 Nov 2011 - 16 May 2012 Loukas Papadimos (b. 1947) 16 May 2012 - 20 Jun 2012 Panagiotis Pikrammenos (interim) (b. 1945) 20 Jun 2012 - 26 Jan 2015 Antonis Samaras (b. 1951) 26 Jan 2015 - 27 Aug 2015 Alexis Tsipras (1st time) (b. 1974) 27 Aug 2015 - 21 Sep 2015 Vassiliki Thanou (f) (interim) (b. 1950) 21 Sep 2015 - 8 Jul 2019 Alexis Tsipras (2nd time) (s.a.) 8 Jul 2019 - 25 May 2023 Kyriakos Mitsotakis (1st time) (b. 1968) 25 May 2023 - 26 Jun 2023 Ioannis Sarmas (interim) (b. 1957) 26 Jun 2023 - Kyriakos Mitsotakis (2nd time) (s.a.)

Ministries, etc.

Communist "mountain governments"

10 Mar 1944 government established by Political Committee of National Liberation in liberated areas of Greece 2 Sep 1944 absorbed into government of national unity headed by Georgios Papandreou 23 Dec 1947 Communist Party of Greece declares Provisional Democratic Government in the areas of northern Greece under its control 28 Aug 1949 last remnants of Communist government driven out of Greece

General secretary of the Greek Communist Party 23 Dec 1947 - 28 Aug 1949 Nikolaos Zachariadis (b. 1903 - d. 1973) (continuing in exile to Mar 1956)

Prime ministers 10 Mar 1944 - 18 Apr 1944 Evripidis Bakirtzis (b. 1895 - d. 1947) 18 Apr 1944 - 2 Sep 1944 Alexandros Svolos (b. 1892 - d. 1956) 23 Dec 1947 - 30 Jan 1949 Markos Vafiadis (b. 1906 - d. 1992) 31 Jan 1949 - 28 Aug 1949 Dimitrios Partsalidis (b. 1905 - d. 1980) (continuing in exile to Oct 1950)

�The style of the king was: (a) 1833-62: Vasilevs tis Ellados ("king of Greece"), (b) 1863-1924, 1935-73: Vasilevs ton Ellinon ("king of the Greeks").
�Having left Athens 23 Apr 1941, the king and government left Crete - the last free Greek soil - on 23 May 1941, staying in Alexandria (Egypt) 2-29 Jun 1941, then Johannesburg (South Africa) 20 Jul - 5 Sep 1941, and arriving in London (England) 24 Sep 1941. There the government remained until 14 Apr 1943, then staying at Cairo (Egypt) 5 May 1943 - Sep 1944, moving to Italy 9 Sep 1944 (from 1 Oct at Cava dei Tirreni), and finally returning to Athens 18 Oct 1944. The king returned from London 27 Sep 1946.

Ionian Islands

2 Apr 1800 Septinsular Republic (Russian-Ottoman protectorate) 13 Sep 1807 annexed by France 5 Nov 1815 United States of the Ionian Islands (protectorate of the Powers; de facto U.K. protectorate) 1 Jun 1864 incorporated into Greece

Governors-general 31 Aug 1807 - 1 Oct 1809 C�sar Berthier (b. 1765 - d. 1819) 1 Oct 1809 - 5 Nov 1815 Fran�ois Xavier, comte de Donzelot (b. 1764 - d. 1843) Lord High Commissioners 5 Nov 1815 - 1823 Sir Thomas Maitland (b. 1759 - d. 1824) 1823 - 1832 Sir Frederick Adam (b. 1781 - d. 1853) 1832 Sir Alexander George Woodford (b. 1782 - d. 1870) (acting) Aug 1832 - 1835 George Nugent Grenville, Baron Nugent of Carlanstown (b. 1788 - d. 1850) 1835 - 1840 Howard Douglas (b. 1776 - d. 1861) 1840 - 1843 James Alexander Stewart Mackenzie (b. 1784 - d. 1843) 1843 - 1849 John Colborne, Baron Seaton (b. 1778 - d. 1863) 2 Jun 1849 - 1855 Sir Henry George Ward (b. 1797 - d. 1860) 13 Apr 1855 - 1859 Sir John Young (b. 1807 - d. 1876) 18 Jan 1859 - 1859 William Ewart Gladstone (b. 1809 - d. 1898) 1859 - 14 Nov 1863 Sir Henry Knight Storks (b. 1811 - d. 1874)

Presidents of the Senate 1800 - 24 Nov 1803 Spyridon Georgios Theotokis (b. 1722 - d. 1803) Mar 1804 - 1807 Komis Antonios Komoutos (b. 1748 - d. 1833) 1807 - 1815 Emmanouil Theotokis (from 1812, Baronos Emmanouil Theotokis) (1st time) (b. 1777 - d. 1837) 1816 - 1823 Baronos Emmanouil Theotokis (2nd time) (s.a.) (president of the Constituent Senate to Jan 1818) 1823 - 1828 Marinos Vegias (b. 1770 - d. 18...) Mar 1828 - Dec 1832 Dimitrios Foskardis (b. 1771 - d. 1832) 1832 - 1833 Baronos Emmanouil Theotokis (3rd time) (s.a.) 1833 - 1 Mar 1839 Komis Spyridon Voulgaris (b. 1788 - d. 1855) 1 Mar 1839 - 1842 Petros Petritsopoulos (1st time) (b. 1792 - d. 1849) 1842 - 1843 Komis Dimitrios Dalladetsimas (b. 1783 - d. 1844) 1843 - 3 Mar 1845 Petros Petritsopoulos (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Mar 1845 - 20 Mar 1850 Spyridon Phokas Stephanos (b. 1786 - d. 1866) 20 Mar 1850 - Jn/Jl 1851 Komis Dimitrios Salamon (b. 1785 - d. 1883) Jn/Jl 1851 - Mar 1852 Alexandros Damaskinos (1st time) (acting) Mar 1852 - 1857 Georgios Kandianos Romas (b. 1796 - d. 1867) Feb 1857 - 1862 Alexandros Damaskinos (2nd time) 18 Feb 1862 - 1 Jun 1864 Komis Dimitrios Karousos (b. 1799 - d. 1873)

Samos

Jan 1833 autonomy within the Ottoman Empire 24 Nov 1912 incorporated into Greece

Governors Jan 1833 - 1850 Stephanos Vogoridis 1850 - 1854 Alexandros Kallimachis 1850 - 1854 Georgios Konemenos (acting for Apr 1854 - Apr 1859 Ioannis Ghikas (b. 1816 - d. 1897) (b. 1809 - d. 1893) (b. 1810 - d. 1876) (b. 1844 - d. 1915) (b. 1818 - d. 1895) (b. 1830 - d. 1897) (s.a.) (b. 1833 - d. 1906) (b. 1845 - d. ...) (b. 1841 - d. 1907) (b. 1846 - d. 1919) (b. 1845 - d. 19...) (b. 1845 - d. 1929) (b. 1847 - d. 1912) (b. 1841 - d. 1922) (s.a.) (b. 1856 - d. 1912) (b. 1862 - d. 1948) (s.a.) the Revolutionary Assembly)

Crete

20 Mar 1898 Cretan State (under Ottoman suzerainty) 30 May 1913 incorporated into Greece

President of the Executive Commission of the Cretan Assembly 20 Mar 1898 - 21 Dec 1898 Ioannis Sphakianakis (b. 1848 - d. 1924) Supreme Plenipotentiary Commissioners of the Powers 21 Dec 1898 - 30 Sep 1906 Prince Georgios (b. 1869 - d. 1957) 1 Oct 1906 - 30 Sep 1911 Alexandros Zaimis (s.a.) 30 Sep 1911 - 30 May 1913 vacant

Dodecanese Islands

21 Dec 1522 part of Ottoman Empire 6 May 1912 occupied by Italy 26 Apr 1915 Italian sovereignty recognized by Allies 10 Aug 1920 Ottoman Empire recognizes Italian sovereignty 24 Jul 1923 Turkey recognizes Italian sovereignty 11 Sep 1943 German occupation 7 May 1945 British administration 31 Mar 1947 Greek administration 7 Mar 1948 incorporated into Greece

Governors 5 May 1912 - 14 Oct 1913 Giovanni Ameglio 15 Oct 1913 - 8 Nov 1913 Ferruccio Trombi (provisional) 9 Nov 1913 - 26 Apr 1914 Francesco Marchi 27 Apr 1914 - 26 May 1917 Giovanni Croce (provisional to 3 Aug 1914) 27 May 1917 - 15 Dec 1919 Vittorio Elia 15 Dec 1919 - 6 Aug 1920 Achille Porta 7 Aug 1920 - 16 Sep 1920 Carlo Senni (provisional) 17 Sep 1920 - 16 Aug 1921 Felice Maissa 17 Aug 1921 - 15 Nov 1922 Alessandro De Bosdari 18 Feb 1923 - 27 Nov 1936 Mario Lago (b. 1878 - d. 1950) 2 Dec 1936 - 9 Dec 1940 Cesare Maria De Vecchi, conte di Val Cismon (b. 1884 - d. 1959) 10 Dec 1940 - 14 Jul 1941 Ettore Bastico (b. 1876 - d. 1972) 15 Jul 1941 - 18 Sep 1943 Inigo Campioni (b. 1878 - d. 1944) 18 Sep 1943 - 7 May 1945 Igino Ugo Faralli (b. 1889 - d. 19...) German commanders 18 Sep 1943 - 20 Sep 1944 Ulrich Kleemann (b. 1892 - d. 1963) 20 Sep 1944 - 5 May 1945 Otto Wagener (b. 1888 - d. 1971) Chief administrators May 1945 - 30 Oct 1945 Peter Bevil Edward Acland (b. 1902 - d. 1993) (deputy chief civil affairs officer to 31 Jul 1945) 30 Oct 1945 - Oct 1946 Charles Henry Gormley (b. 1904 - d. 1969) Oct 1946 - 31 Mar 1947 Arthur Stanley Parker Military governor 31 Mar 1947 - 19 Apr 1948 Periklis Ioannidis (b. 1881 - d. 1965)

Northern Epirus

2 Mar 1914 revolutionary government Mar 1916 incorporated into Greece; not recognized by Allies, and subsequently occupied by Italy and France Nov 1921 returned to Albania

President of the Provisional Government 2 Mar 1914 - Mar 1916 Georgios Zographos (b. 1863 - d. 1920)

Athos

    972                Byzantine Emperor Ioannis I Tsimiskis grants autonomy
                       to Mount Athos
 _c._1144                Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komninos officially bestows
                       to Athos the title of Ayion Oros ("Holy Mountain"), later
                       styled "Ayionimon Oros of Athos"
   1204 -        1222  autonomy within the Latin Kingdom of Thessalonica

Mar 1430 autonomy within the Ottoman Empire 15 Nov 1912 autonomy within Greece (Autonomous Monastic State of Ayion Oros, also styled Athonian Republic)

Spiritual leaders 972 - the Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople

Greenland

   1721                Danish rule
   1775                colony

9 Apr 1941 - May 1945 U.S. protectorate 5 Jun 1953 province 1 May 1979 autonomy

Inspectors in South Greenland 1782 - 1789 Bendt Olrik (b. 1749 - d. 1793) 1789 - 1795 Andreas Molbech Lund (b. 1749 - d. 1820) 1795 - 1797 Claus Bendeke (b. 1763 - d. 1828) 1797 - 1802 Niels Rosing Bull (b. 1760 - d. 1841) 1802 - 1821 Marcus Nissen Myhlenphort (b. 1759 - d. 1821) (acting to 1803) 1821 - 1823 Christian Alexander Platou (1st time) (acting) (b. 1779 - d. 1827) 1823 - 1824 Arent Christopher Heilmann (b. 1781 - d. 1830) (acting) 1824 - 1827 Christian Alexander Platou (2nd time) (s.a.) 1827 - 1828 Ove Valentin Kielsen (b. 1803 - d. 1864) 1828 - 1856 Carl Peter Holb�ll (b. 1795 - d. 1856) 1856 - 1857 J�rgen Nielsen M�ller (acting) (b. 1801 - d. 1862) 1857 - 1868 Hinrich Johannes Rink (b. 1819 - d. 1893) 1868 - 1869 Albert E. Blichfeldt H�yer (b. 1822 - d. 1879) 1870 - 1882 Hannes Peter Stephensen (b. 1833 - d. 1908) 1882 - 1884 Frederik Tryde Lassen (acting) (b. 1838 - d. 1920) 1884 - 1890 Carl Julius Peter Ryberg (b. 1854 - d. 1929) 1890 - 1891 Johan Carl Joansen (acting) (b. 1857 - d. 1907) 1891 - 1892 Conrad Poul Emil Brummerstedt (b. 1857 - d. ...) (acting) 1892 - 1899 Edgar Christian Fencker (b. 1844 - d. 1904) 1899 - 1902 Regnar Stephensen (b. 1866 - d. 1902) 1902 - 1903 Oscar Peter Cornelius Koch (b. 1860 - d. 19...) 1903 - 1914 Ole Bendixen (b. 1869 - d. 1938) 1914 - 1915 Oluf Hastrup (b. 1875 - d. 19...) 1915 - 1923 Carl Frederik Harries (b. 1872 - d. 19...) 1924 Christian Simony (acting) (b. 1881 - d. 1961) 1924 Knud Oldendow (acting) (b. 1892 - d. 1975) Governors in South Greenland 1925 - 1932 Knud Oldendow (s.a.) 1932 - 1941 Aksel Svane (b. 1898 - d. 1991) 1941 - 1945 Eske Brun (b. 1904 - d. 1987) 1945 - 1950 Carl Fredrik Simony (b. 1909 - d. 1983) Inspectors in North Greenland 1782 - 1786 Johan Friedrich Schwabe (b. 1749 - d. 1821) 1786 - 1790 Jens Clausen Wille (b. 1750 - d. 1820) 1790 - 1797 B�rge Johan Schultz (b. 1764 - d. 1826) 1797 - 1803 Claus Bendeke (b. 1763 - d. 1828) 1803 - 1817 Peter Hanning Motzfeldt (b. 1774 - d. 1835) 1817 - 1825 Johannes West (b. 1782 - d. 1835) 1825 - 1828 Carl Peter Holb�ll (b. 1795 - d. 1856) 1828 - 1843 Ludvig Fasting (b. 1789 - d. 1863) 1843 - 1845 Hans Peter Christian M�ller (b. 1810 - d. 1845) 1845 - 1846 Nicolai Zimmer (b. 1810 - d. 1894) 1846 - 1866 Christian S�ren Marcus Olrik (b. 1815 - d. 1870) 1866 - 1867 Carl August Ferdinand Bolbroe (b. 1833 - d. 1878) 1867 - 1882 Sophus Theodor Krarup-Smith (b. 1834 - d. 1882) 1882 - 1883 Hjalmar Christian Reinholdt Knuthsen (acting) (b. 1859 - d. ...) 1883 - 1898 Niels Alfred Andersen (b. 1843 - d. 1900) 1898 - 1900 Johan Carl Joansen (acting) (s.a.) 1900 - 1912 Jens Daugaard-Jensen (b. 1871 - d. 1938) 1912 - 1913 Anders Peter Olsen (acting) (b. 1862 - d. 19...) 1913 - 1924 Harald Lindow (b. 1886 - d. 1972) Governors in North Greenland 1925 - 1928 Philip R. Rosendahl (1st time) (b. 1893 - d. 1974) (acting) 1928 - 1929 J�rgen Berthelsen 1929 - 1939 Philip R. Rosendahl (2nd time) (s.a.) 1939 - 1945 Eske Brun (s.a.) 1945 - 1947 Carl Fredrik Simony (s.a.) 1947 - 1950 Niels Otto Christensen (b. 1917 - d. 2003) Inspector in East Greenland 1933 - 1950 Ejnar Mikkelsen (b. 1880 - d. 1971) U.S. consul-general 9 Apr 1941 - May 1945 James K. Penfield (b. 1908 - d. 2004) Governors 1 Jun 1950 - 1 Sep 1960 Poul Hugo Lundsteen (b. 1910 - d. 1988) 1 Sep 1960 - 1 Jun 1963 Finn C. Nielsen (b. 1913 - d. 1995) 1 Jun 1963 - 1 Jan 1973 Niels Otto Christensen (s.a.) 1 Jan 1973 - 1979 Hans J. Lassen (b. 1926 - d. 2011) High commissioners 1 May 1979 - 13 Jul 1992 Torben Hede Pedersen (b. 1937 - d. 2000) 1 Aug 1992 - 1 Jul 1995 Steen Spore (b. 1938 - d. 2022) 1 Jul 1995 - 31 Mar 2002 Gunnar Martens (b. 1940) 1 Apr 2002 - 31 Mar 2005 Peter Lauritzen (b. 1959) 1 Apr 2005 - 31 Mar 2011 S�ren Hald M�ller (b. 1960) 1 Apr 2011 - 30 Apr 2022 Mikaela Engell (f) (b. 1956) 1 May 2022 - Julie Pr�st Wilche (f) (b. 1971)

Chairmen of the Landsr�d 1967 - 1971 Erling H�egh (b. 1924 - d. 1993) 1971 - 1979 Lars Chemnitz (b. 1925 - d. 2006) Prime ministers 1 May 1979 - 18 Mar 1991 Jonathan Motzfeldt (1st time) (b. 1938 - d. 2010) 18 Mar 1991 - 19 Sep 1997 Lars Emil Johansen (b. 1946) 19 Sep 1997 - 14 Dec 2002 Jonathan Motzfeldt (2nd time) (s.a.) 14 Dec 2002 - 12 Jun 2009 Hans Enoksen (b. 1956) 12 Jun 2009 - 5 Apr 2013 Kuupik Kleist (b. 1958) 5 Apr 2013 - 12 Dec 2014 Aleqa Hammond (f) (b. 1965) 1 Oct 2014 - 23 Apr 2021 Kim Kielsen (b. 1966) (acting for Hammond to 12 Dec 2014) 23 Apr 2021 - M�te B. Egede (b. 1987)

Eric the Red's Land

12 Jul 1932 Norway annexes East Greenland ("Eric the Red's Land") 5 Apr 1933 International Court rules in favour of Denmark; Norway withdraws

Governor (sysselmann) 12 Jul 1932 - 5 Apr 1933 Helge Ingstad (b. 1899 - d. 2001)

Grenada

   1649                French colony
   1762                British colony

4 Jul 1779 - 1783 French occupation 1833 - 1 Jan 1960 part of the Windward Islands (Barbados [to 1885], Dominica [from 1 Jan 1940], Grenada, St. Lucia [from 1838], St. Vincent, Tobago [to 1889]) 3 Jan 1958 - 31 May 1962 part of the Federation of the West Indies (see under Trinidad and Tobago) 3 Mar 1967 associated state 7 Feb 1974 independence

Windward Islands

   1871                Federal Colony of the Windward Islands

1 Jul 1956 Territory of the Windward Islands 1 Jan 1960 dissolved

Governors 1833 - 1885 the governors of Barbados Jun 1885 - 1888 Walter Joseph Sendall (b. 1832 - d. 1904) Nov 1889 - 1892 Sir Walter Francis Hely-Hutchinson (b. 1849 - d. 1913) Oct 1893 - 1897 Sir Charles Bruce (b. 1836 - d. 1920) 1897 - 1900 Sir Alfred Moloney (b. 1848 - d. 1913) 1900 - 1906 Sir Robert Baxter Llewelyn (b. 1845 - d. 1919) 1906 - 1909 Ralph Williams (from 9 Nov 1907, Sir Ralph Williams) (b. 1848 - d. 1927) 1909 - 1914 Sir James Hayes Sadler (b. 1851 - d. 1922) 1914 - 1923 George Basil Haddon-Smith (from 1 Jan 1915, Sir George Basil Haddon-Smith) (b. 1861 - d. 1931) 1924 - 1930 Sir Frederick Seton James (b. 1870 - d. 1934) May 1930 - Jun 1930 Herbert Walter Peebles (acting) (b. 1877 - d. 1955) 25 Sep 1930 - 1933 Sir Thomas Alexander Vans Best (b. 1870 - d. 1941) 1933 - 20 Feb 1935 Charles William Doorly (from 1 Jan 1935, Sir Charles William Doorly) (b. 1875 - d. 1942) (acting) 20 Feb 1935 - 19 Jan 1937 Sir Selwyn Macgregor Grier (b. 1878 - d. 1946) 19 Jan 1937 - 18 May 1942 Henry Bradshaw Popham (from 9 Jun 1938, Sir Henry Bradshaw Popham) (b. 1881 - d. 1947) 18 May 1942 - 1948 Sir Arthur Grimble (b. 1888 - d. 1956) 1948 - 1953 Robert Arundell (from 8 Jun 1950, Sir Robert Arundell) (b. 1904 - d. 1989) 1953 - 1955 Edward Beetham (from 1 Jan 1955, Sir Edward Beetham) (b. 1905 - d. 1979) 24 Jun 1955 - 1959 Colville Deverell (from 1 Jan 1957, Sir Colville Deverell) (b. 1907 - d. 1995)

Grenada

Governors 1700 De Bellair 1701 - 1708 Joseph de Bouloc 1711 - 1716 Guillaume-Emmanuel-Th�odore de Maupeou, comte de l'Estrange 1717 - 3 Jan 1721 Jean-Michel L'Espinay de la Longueville (b. ... - d. 1721) 1721 - 1722 Jean Balthazard du Houx 1723 - 1727 Robert Giraud du Poyet 1727 - 1734 Charles de Brunier, marquis de Larnage (b. ... - d. 1746) 1734 - 1748 Jean-Louis Fournier de Charles de Pradine 1748 - 1757 Robert Philippe de Longvilliers de Poincy (b. ... - d. 1761) 1757 - 1762 Pierre-Claude Bonvoust d'Aulnay de Prulay 1762 - 1764 George Scott 1764 Robert Melville (1st time) (b. 1723 - d. 1809) (acting) 1764 - 1770 Ulysses FitzMaurice (1st time) 1770 - 1771 Robert Melville (2nd time) (s.a.) 1771 Ulysses FitzMaurice (2nd time) 1771 - 1775 William Leybourne (b. ... - d. 1775) 1776 William Young (b. ... - d. 1788) 1776 - 1779 George Macartney, Baron Macartney (b. 1737 - d. 1806) 1779 - 1784 ... 1784 - 1785 Edward Mathew (b. ... - d. 1805) 1785 - 1787 William Lucas (acting) 1787 - 1788 Samuel Williams (1st time) (acting) 1788 - 1789 James Campbell (acting) (b. 1763 - d. 1819) 1789 - 1792 Samuel Williams (2nd time) (acting) 17 Nov 1792 - 8 Apr 1795 Ninian Home (b. 1732 - d. 1795) 1795 Kenneth Francis Mackenzie (acting) (b. 1748 - d. 1831) 1795 - 1796 Samuel Mitchell (acting) 6 Apr 1796 - 1797 Alexander Houstoun 30 Sep 1797 - 1801 Charles Green 1801 - 1802 Samuel Dent (acting) Lieutenant governors 1802 - 5 Nov 1802 George Vere Hobart (b. 1761 - d. 1802) 1803 - 1804 Thomas Hislop (b. 1764 - d. 1843) 1804 - 1805 William Douglas MacLean Clephane (b. 17... - d. 1805) 29 Mar 1805 - 1811 Frederick Maitland (b. 1763 - d. 1848) 1811 - 1812 Abraham Charles Adye 1812 - 1813 George Robert Ainslie (b. 1776 - d. 1839) 1813 - 1815 Charles Shipley (acting) (b. 1755 - d. 1815) 1815 - 1816 George Paterson (1st time) (acting) 1816 - 1823 Phineas Riall (b. 1775 - d. 1850) 1823 - 1826 George Paterson (2nd time) (acting) 1826 - 1833 James Campbell 1833 - 1835 George Middlemore (b. ... - d. 1850) 1835 - 1836 John Hastings Mair 1836 - 1846 Carlo Joseph Doyle 1846 - 1852 Ker Baillie Hamilton (b. 1804 - d. 1889) 1853 - 1857 Robert William Keate (b. 1814 - d. 1873) 1857 - 1864 Cornelius Hendericksen Kortright (b. 1817 - d. 1897) 1864 - 1871 Robert Miller Mundy (b. 1813 - d. 1892) 1871 - 1875 Sanford Freeling (b. 1828 - d. 1894) 1875 - 1877 Cyril Clerke Graham 1877 - 1882 Robert William Harley (b. 1829 - d. 1892) Administrators 1882 - 1889 Irwin Charles Maling (b. 1841 - d. 1918) 1890 - 1892 Laurence R. Fyfe (b. 1845 - d. 1892) 1892 - 1914 Edward Rawle Drayton (b. 1859 - d. 1927) 1915 - 1930 Herbert Ferguson (b. 1874 - d. 1953) 1930 - 1935 Hilary Rudolph Robert Blood (b. 1893 - d. 1967) 1935 - 1940 William Leslie Heape (b. 1896 - d. 1972) 1940 - 1942 Charles Harry Vincent Talbot (b. 1902 - d. ...) 1942 - 1951 George Conrad Green (b. 1897 - d. 1976) 1951 - 1957 Wallace MacMillan (b. 1913 - d. 1992) 1957 - 1962 James Monteith Lloyd (b. 1911 - d. 1995) 1962 - 1964 Lionel Achille Pinard (b. 1912 - d. 1998) 1964 - 1967 Ian Turbott (b. 1922 - d. 2016) Governors 1967 - 1968 Ian Turbott (from 1 Jan 1968, Sir Ian Turbott) (s.a.) 1968 - 21 Jan 1974 Hilda Bynoe (from 1 Jan 1969, Dame Hilda Bynoe) (f) (b. 1921 - d. 2013) 24 Jan 1974 - 7 Feb 1974 Leo De Gale (b. 1921 - d. 1986) Governors-general (representing the British monarch as head of state) 7 Feb 1974 - 4 Oct 1978 Leo De Gale (from 12 Feb 1974, Sir Leo De Gale) (s.a.) 4 Oct 1978 - 6 Aug 1992 Paul Scoon (from 10 Apr 1979, Sir Paul Scoon) (b. 1935 - d. 2013) 6 Aug 1992 - 9 Aug 1996 Reginald Palmer (from 2 Oct 1992, Sir Reginald Palmer) (b. 1923 - d. 2016) 9 Aug 1996 - 18 Nov 2008 Daniel Williams (from 13 Sep 1996, Sir Daniel Williams) (b. 1935 - d. 2024) 27 Nov 2008 - 3 May 2013 Carlyle Glean (from 10 Feb 2009, Sir Carlyle Glean) (b. 1932 - d. 2021) 3 May 2013 - 7 May 2013 Lawrence Joseph (acting) (b. 1944) 7 May 2013 - C�cile La Grenade (from 14 May 2013, Dame C�cile La Grenade) (f) (b. 1952)

Chief ministers 1 Jan 1960 - 29 Mar 1961 Herbert A. Blaize (1st time) (b. 1918 - d. 1989) 29 Mar 1961 - 16 Aug 1961 George E.D. Clyne (b. ... - d. 1984) 16 Aug 1961 - 19 Jun 1962 Eric Gairy (b. 1922 - d. 1997) 21 Sep 1962 - Aug 1967 Herbert A. Blaize (2nd time) (s.a.) Premier Aug 1967 - 7 Feb 1974 Eric Gairy (s.a.) Prime ministers 7 Feb 1974 - 13 Mar 1979 Eric Gairy (from 11 Jun 1977, Sir Eric Gairy) (s.a.) 13 Mar 1979 - 19 Oct 1983 Maurice Bishop (b. 1944 - d. 1983) (de facto deposed 14 Oct 1983) 19 Oct 1983 - 25 Oct 1983 Hudson Austin (b. 1938 - d. 2022) (head of Revolutionary Military Council) 15 Nov 1983 - 4 Dec 1984 Nicholas Brathwaite (1st time) (b. 1925 - d. 2016) (chairman interim advisory council [acting to 9 Dec 1983]) 4 Dec 1984 - 19 Dec 1989 Herbert A. Blaize (s.a.) 20 Dec 1989 - 16 Mar 1990 Ben Jones (b. 1924 - d. 2005) 16 Mar 1990 - 1 Feb 1995 Nicholas Brathwaite (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Feb 1995 - 22 Jun 1995 George Brizan (b. 1942 - d. 2012) 22 Jun 1995 - 9 Jul 2008 Keith Mitchell (1st time) (b. 1946) 9 Jul 2008 - 20 Feb 2013 Tillman Thomas (b. 1945) 20 Feb 2013 - 24 Jun 2022 Keith Mitchell (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Jun 2022 - Dickon Mitchell (b. 1978)

Guadeloupe

28 Jun 1635 French colony Apr 1759 - 1763 British occupation 20 Apr 1794 - 7 Jun 1794 British occupation 25 Oct 1797 - 19 Apr 1801 organized as a d�partement 6 Feb 1810 - 7 Dec 1814 British occupation (1813-14 abortive cession to Sweden) 10 Aug 1815 - 25 Jul 1816 British occupation 19 Mar 1946 French overseas d�partement

Governors 1695 - 1702 Charles Auger (b. _c._1640 - d. 1705) 1702 - 1703 De Mahaut 1703 - 1706 Joseph d'Honon de Gallifet (b. 16... - d. 1706) 1706 - 1717 Hemon Coinard de la Malmaison 1717 - 1719 Savinien Michel Lagarrigue de Savigny (b. 1660 - d. 1722) 1719 - 1728 Alexandre Vaultier, comte de Moyencourt 1728 - 27 Jul 1734 Robert Giraud du Poyet 1734 - 1737 Charles de Brunier, marquis de Larnage (b. ... - d. 1746) 17 Oct 1737 - 1753 Gabriel Mathieu de Clieu (b. 1687 - d. 1774) 1753 - 1757 Jean Antoine Joseph de Mirabeau 1757 - 1759 Charles Fran�ois Emmanuel Nadau du Treil (b. 1703 - d. 1786) Apr 1759 - 1760 Byam Crump 1760 - 1763 Campbell Dalrymple (b. 1716 - d. 1764) 1763 - 24 Jun 1764 Fran�ois Charles de Bourlamaque (b. 1716 - d. 1764) 1764 - 1765 �douard de Copley 20 Mar 1765 - 29 Nov 1768 Pierre G�d�on de Nolivos (b. 1714 - d. 17...) 1768 - 1769 Anne Joseph Hippolyte de Maur�s de Malartic (b. 1730 - d. 1800) 1769 - 1771 Fran�ois Claude Amour du Chariol, marquis de Bouill� (b. 1739 - d. 1800) 1771 - 1773 Louis Fran�ois de Dion 1773 - 1775 �douard Hilaire Louis de Tilly 1775 - 1782 Bache Elz�ar Alexandre d'Arbaud de Jouques (b. 1720 - d. 1793) 1782 - 1783 Claude Charles de Marillac, vicomte de Damas (b. 1731 - d. ...) 1783 - 1784 Beaum� de la Saulais 1784 - 25 Jul 1792 Charles Fran�ois de Clugny de Th�nissey (b. ... - d. 1792) 1792 - 1793 Ren� Marie, vicomte d'Arrot (interim) 5 Jan 1793 - 18 Mar 1793 Jean Baptiste Raymond Lacrosse (b. 1760 - d. 1829) (provisional) 18 Mar 1793 - 20 Apr 1794 Victor Collot (b. 1750 - d. 1805) 20 Apr 1794 - 3 Jun 1794 Thomas Dundas (b. 1750 - d. 1794) Commissioners 7 Jun 1794 - 6 Jan 1795 Victor Hugues (b. 1762 - d. 1826) 6 Jan 1795 - Jan 1796 Victor Hugues (s.a.) + Goyrand (to Jun 1795) + Lebas Agents (of the French Executive Directory) Jan 1796 - 22 Nov 1798 Victor Hugues (s.a.) + Lebas 22 Nov 1798 - 3 Oct 1799 Edme �tienne Borne-Desfourneaux (b. 1767 - d. 1849) 3 Oct 1799 - 11 Dec 1799 Paris (provisional) 11 Dec 1799 - 30 May 1801 Nicolas Georges Jeannet-Oudin (b. 1762 - d. 1828) + Ren� Gaston Baco de la Chapelle (b. 1751 - d. 1800) (to 30 Dec 1800) + �tienne Maynaud Bizefranc, comte de Laveaux (to 28 Feb 1800) (b. 1751 - d. 1828) + Bresseau (from 28 Feb 1800) Captains-general 30 May 1801 - 14 May 1802 Jean Baptiste Raymond Lacrosse (1st time) (s.a.) 24 Oct 1801 - 6 May 1802 Magloire P�lage (b. 1766 - d. 1810) (president of provisional council of government, in rebellion) 14 May 1802 - 3 Sep 1802 Antoine Richepance (b. 1770 - d. 1802) 4 Aug 1802 - 8 May 1803 Jean Baptiste Raymond Lacrosse (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting for Richepance to 3 Sep 1802) 8 May 1803 - 6 Feb 1810 Jean Augustin Ernouf (b. 1753 - d. 1827) Governors 6 Feb 1810 - 10 Jul 1810 Sir George Beckwith (b. 1753 - d. 1823) 10 Jul 1810 - 30 Aug 1810 Hugh Lyle Carmichael (acting) (b. 1764 - d. 1813) 30 Aug 1810 - 26 Jun 1813 Sir Alexander Cochrane (b. 1758 - d. 1832) 26 Jun 1813 - 7 Dec 1814 John Skinner (b. _c._1750 - d. 1827) 7 Dec 1814 - 14 Dec 1814 Eug�ne �douard Boyer de Peyreleau (b. 1774 - d. 1856) (acting) 14 Dec 1814 - 10 Aug 1815 Charles Durand, comte de Linois (b. 1761 - d. 1848) 10 Aug 1815 - 24 Apr 1816 Sir James Leith (b. 1763 - d. 1816) 15 Jul 1816 - 1 Jul 1823 Antoine Philippe de Lardenoy (governor-general to 12 Jan 1818) 1 Jul 1823 - 18 May 1826 Louis L�on Jacob (b. 1768 - d. 1854) 18 May 1826 - 1 Jun 1826 Louis Fran�ois Vatable (1st time) (b. 1773 - d. 1853) (acting) 1 Jun 1826 - 1 May 1830 Jean Julien Angot des Rotours (b. 1773 - d. 1844) 1 May 1830 - 8 Jul 1831 Louis Fran�ois Vatable (2nd time) (s.a.) 8 Jul 1831 - 3 Jun 1837 Ren� Arnous des Saulsays (b. 1778 - d. 18...) 3 Jun 1837 - 15 Jun 1841 Jean-Guillaume Jubelin (b. 1787 - d. 18...) 15 Jun 1841 - 7 Jun 1845 Augustin Gourbeyre (b. 1786 - d. 1845) 7 Jun 1845 - 31 Oct 1845 Varlet (acting) 31 Oct 1845 - 5 Jun 1848 Jean-Fran�ois Layrle (b. 1791 - d. 1881) 5 Jun 1848 - 12 Oct 1848 Alexandre Gatine (acting) (b. 1805 - d. 1864) 12 Oct 1848 - 14 Apr 1849 Jacques Am�d�e Philippe Fi�ron (1st time) (b. 1796 - d. 1872) 14 Apr 1849 - 12 Dec 1849 Jean Jacques Louis Fabvre (b. 1800 - d. 1864) (provisional) 12 Dec 1849 - 1 Nov 1851 Jacques Am�d�e Philippe Fi�ron (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Nov 1851 - 26 Nov 1851 Chaumont (acting) 26 Nov 1851 - 13 Dec 1853 Tranquille Aubry-Bailleul (b. 1798 - d. ...) 13 Dec 1853 - 13 Jan 1854 Guillet (1st time) (acting) 13 Jan 1854 - 29 May 1856 Philibert Augustin Bonfils 29 May 1856 - 5 Mar 1857 Guillet (2nd time) (acting) 5 Mar 1857 - 13 Mar 1859 Philippe Victor Touchard (b. 1810 - d. 1879) 13 Mar 1859 - 5 Jan 1860 Louis Bontemps (acting) (b. 1813 - d. 1872) 5 Jan 1860 - 26 Feb 1864 Charles Victor Fr�bault (b. 1813 - d. 1888) 26 Feb 1864 - 19 May 1864 Joseph Desmazes (acting) (b. 1806 - d. 1882) 19 May 1864 - Aug 1869 Louis Hippolyte de Lormel (b. 1806 - d. 1888) Feb 1870 - 1880 Gabriel Couturier 1880 - 1881 Maz� (acting) 1881 - 1886 L�once Laugier (b. 1829 - d. ...) 1886 Sainte-Luce (acting) 1886 - 1891 Adolphe Le Boucher (b. 1837 - d. 1896) 1891 - 1894 Louis Hippolyte Marie Nouet (b. 1844 - d. 1933) 1894 - 1895 No�l Pardon (b. 1854 - d. 1910) 1895 - 1901 Delphino Moracchini (b. 1846 - d. 1903) 6 Jul 1901 - 1903 Martial Merlin (b. 1860 - d. 1935) 1903 - 1905 Paul Marie Armand de La Loy�re (b. 1847 - d. 19...) 8 Apr 1905 - Apr 1906 L�on Jules Pol Boulloche (b. 1859 - d. 1922) 21 Jul 1907 - 29 Jun 1908 Victor Ballot (b. 1853 - d. 1939) 1909 - 1910 Henri Cor (b. 1864 - d. 1932) 1911 - 1913 Jean Jules �mile Peuvergne (b. 1849 - d. 19...) 1913 - 1917 �mile Merwart (b. 1869 - d. 1960) 1917 - 1920 Maurice Gourbeil 1920 - 1924 Pierre Louis Alfred Duprat 1924 Jocelyn Robert 1924 - 1926 Maurice Beurnier (b. 1878 - d. 19...) 24 Jun 1926 - 2 Apr 1927 Louis Gerbinis (b. 1871 - d. 1954) 1928 - 1931 Th�ophile Antoine Pascal Tellier (b. 1872 - d. 1955) 1931 - 1933 Alphonse Choteau (b. 1883 - d. 1936) 9 May 1933 - 25 Oct 1936 Louis Bouge (b. 1878 - d. 1960) 25 Oct 1936 - 26 Jul 1938 F�lix �bou� (b. 1884 - d. 1944) 28 Dec 1938 - 21 Feb 1940 Fran�ois Pierre-Alype (b. 1886 - d. 1956) 30 Apr 1940 - 15 Jul 1943 Constant Sorin (b. 1901 - d. 1970) Jul 1943 - Aug 1943 Perrier (acting) Aug 1943 - 1946 Maurice Pierre Eug�ne Bertaut (b. 1900 - d. ...) 30 Apr 1946 - 12 Oct 1947 Ernest de Nattes (b. 1908 - d. 1994) Prefects (10 May 1982 - 24 Feb 1988, commissioners of the republic) 26 Dec 1947 - 24 Nov 1950 Gilbert Philipson (b. 1908 - d. 1983) 16 Jan 1951 - Dec 1952 Gaston Vill�ger (b. 1904 - d. 1986) 11 Dec 1952 - 18 May 1954 Jacques Brunel (b. 1909 - d. 1964) 18 May 1954 - 18 Dec 1955 Jacques Ravail (b. 1907 - d. 1971) 22 Dec 1955 - 6 Mar 1958 Guy Malines (b. 1909 - d. 1984) (acting to 22 May 1956) 6 Mar 1958 - 1 Oct 1960 Jean-Pierre Abeille (b. 1907 - d. 1981) 1 Oct 1960 - 1 Aug 1965 Albert Bonhomme (b. 1913 - d. 1975) 1 Aug 1965 - 12 Jul 1967 Pierre Bolotte (b. 1921 - d. 2008) 16 Aug 1967 - 16 Dec 1969 Jean Deleplanque (b. 1919 - d. 2021) 16 Dec 1969 - 1 Jul 1973 Pierre Brunon (b. 1922 - d. 2000) 12 Jul 1973 - 15 Nov 1975 Jacques Le Cornec (b. 1927 - d. 2022) 15 Nov 1975 - 15 Oct 1978 Jean-Claude Aurousseau (b. 1929) 15 Oct 1978 - 28 Feb 1982 Guy Maillard (b. 1930 - d. 2013) 28 Feb 1982 - 13 Feb 1984 Robert Miguet (b. 1929 - d. 2019) Feb 1984 - Apr 1986 Maurice Saborin (b. 1933) 9 Apr 1986 - 4 Nov 1987 Yves Bonnet (b. 1935) 4 Nov 1987 - Nov 1989 Bernard Sarazin (b. 1929) Nov 1989 - 18 Jul 1991 Jean-Paul Proust (b. 1940 - d. 2010) 31 Jul 1991 - 6 Oct 1993 Franck Perriez (b. 1944) 6 Oct 1993 - 21 Nov 1994 Alain Frout� (b. 1939) 21 Nov 1994 - 16 Oct 1996 Michel Diefenbacher (b. 1947 - d. 2017) 16 Oct 1996 - 12 Nov 1996 Dominique Vian (1st time) (acting) (b. 1944) 12 Nov 1996 - 16 Aug 1999 Jean Fedini (b. 1938) 16 Aug 1999 - 6 Aug 2002 Jean-Fran�ois Carenco (b. 1952) 6 Aug 2002 - 17 Jul 2004 Dominique Vian (2nd time) (s.a.) 17 Jul 2004 - 17 Aug 2004 Denis Labb� (acting) (b. 1952) 17 Aug 2004 - 12 Jun 2006 Paul Girot de Langlade (b. 1946) 12 Jun 2006 - 28 Oct 2007 Jean-Jacques Brot (b. 1956) 28 Oct 2007 - 5 Nov 2007 Yvon Alain (acting) (b. 1955) 5 Nov 2007 - Nov 2008 Emmanuel Berthier (b. 1958) 8 Dec 2008 - Nov 2009 Nicolas Desforges (b. 1955) 23 Nov 2009 - 24 Aug 2011 Jean-Luc Fabre (b. 1949) 17 Jul 2011 - 11 Sep 2011 Philippe Jaumouill� (b. 1954 - d. 2021) (acting [for Fabre to 24 Aug 2011]) 11 Sep 2011 - 14 Feb 2013 Amaury de Saint-Quentin (b. 1960) 14 Feb 2013 - 1 Dec 2014 Marcelle Pierrot (f) (b. 1949) 1 Dec 2014 - Aug 2017 Jacques Billant (b. 1960) 4 Sep 2017 - May 2018 �ric Maire (b. 1954) 28 May 2018 - 7 Jul 2020 Philippe Gustin (b. 1960) 7 Jul 2020 - 10 Aug 2020 Virginie Kl�s (f) (acting) (b. 1961) 10 Aug 2020 - 31 Jan 2023 Alexandre Rochatte (b. 1969) 6 Feb 2023 - Xavier Lefort (b. 1965)

Presidents of the General Council (holding executive power from 2 Mar 1982) 28 Mar 1979 - 24 Mar 1982 Lucien Bernier (b. 1914 - d. 1989) 24 Mar 1982 - 25 Mar 1985 Lucette Michaux-Chevry (f) (b. 1929 - d. 2021) 25 Mar 1985 - 27 Mar 1998 Dominique Larifla (b. 1936) 27 Mar 1998 - 23 Mar 2001 Marcellin Lubeth (b. 1922) 23 Mar 2001 - 2 Apr 2015 Jacques Gillot (b. 1948) Presidents of the Departmental Council 2 Apr 2015 - 1 Jul 2021 Josette Borel-Lincertin (f) (b. 1941) 1 Jul 2021 - Guy Losbar (b. 1961)

Marie-Galante

   1759 -        1763  British occupation

1 Nov 1792 republican inhabitants of Marie-Galante proclaim their independence from still royalist Guadeloupe while affirming their attachment to the new French republic 20 Apr 1794 self-government ended by British occupation

Governor 1759 - 1763 Francis Maclean (b. 1717? - d. 1781) President of the Commission 1 Nov 1792 - 20 Apr 1794 Deshaies

Guam

   1668                Spanish colony

21 Jun 1898 U.S. territory 12 Dec 1941 - Jul 1944 Japanese occupation (renamed Omiya Jima)

Governors (of the Mariana Islands) 1 Aug 1696 - 15 Sep 1700 Jos� Madrazo 15 Sep 1700 - 1 Oct 1704 Francisco Medrano y Asiain 1 Oct 1704 - 1 Oct 1709 Antonio Villamor y Vadillo 1 Oct 1709 - 21 Nov 1720 Juan Antonio Pimentel (b. 1644? - d. 17...) 21 Nov 1720 - 4 Apr 1725 Luis Antonio S�nchez de Tagle 4 Apr 1725 - 28 Sep 1725 Juan de Ojeda 28 Sep 1725 - 12 Feb 1730 Manuel Arg�elles y Vald�s 12 Feb 1730 - 1 Nov 1730 Pedro Lazo de la Vega 1 Nov 1730 - 21 Aug 1734 Diego F�lix de Balboa 21 Aug 1734 - 2 Apr 1740 Francisco C�rdenas Pacheco (b. ... - d. 1740) 2 Apr 1740 - 21 Sep 1746 Miguel Fern�ndez de C�rdenas 21 Sep 1746 - 8 Sep 1749 Diego G�mez de la Sierra 8 Sep 1749 - 6 Nov 1756 Enrique de Olavide y Michelena (1st time) 6 Nov 1756 - 20 Nov 1759 Andr�s del Barrio y Rabago 20 Nov 1759 - 9 Jun 1768 Jos� de Soroa 9 Jun 1768 - 15 Sep 1771 Enrique de Olavide y Michelena (2nd time) 15 Sep 1771 - 15 Jun 1774 Mariano Tobias 15 Jun 1774 - 6 Jun 1776 Antonio Apodaca 6 Jun 1776 - 21 Aug 1786 Felipe de Cera 21 Aug 1786 - 2 Sep 1794 Jos� Arlegui y Le�n 2 Sep 1794 - 12 Jan 1802 Manuel Muro 12 Jan 1802 - 18 Oct 1806 Vicente Blanco 18 Oct 1806 - 26 Jul 1812 Alejandro Parreno 26 Jul 1812 - 15 Aug 1822 Jos� de Medinilla y Pineda (1st time) 15 Aug 1822 - 15 May 1823 Jos� Montilla 15 May 1823 - 1 Aug 1826 Jos� Ganga Herrero 1 Aug 1826 - 26 Sep 1831 Jos� de Medinilla y Pineda (2nd time) 26 Sep 1831 - 1 Oct 1837 Francisco Ram�n de Villabos 1 Oct 1837 - 1 Oct 1843 Jos� Causillas Salazar 1 Oct 1843 - 4 Apr 1848 Gregorio Santa Maria (b. ... - d. 1848) 7 Apr 1848 - 8 Sep 1848 F�lix Calvo (acting) 8 Sep 1848 - 16 May 1855 Pablo P�rez 16 May 1855 - 28 Jan 1866 Felipe Maria de la Corte 28 Jan 1866 - 17 Aug 1871 Francisco Moscoso y Lara 17 Aug 1871 - 24 Mar 1873 Luis de Yb�nez y Garc�a 24 Mar 1873 - 16 Jan 1875 Eduardo Beaumont y Calafat 16 Jan 1875 - 15 Aug 1880 Manuel Bravo y Barrera 15 Aug 1880 - 14 Mar 1884 Francisco Brochero y Parreno 14 Mar 1884 - 17 Jul 1884 Enrique Solano (1st time) 17 Jul 1884 - Nov 1884 Antonio Borreda Nov 1884 - 1885 Francisco Olive y Garc�a 1885 - 20 Apr 1890 Enrique Solano (2nd time) 20 Apr 1890 - 14 Aug 1891 Joaqu�n Vara del Rey (b. 1840 - d. 1898) 14 Aug 1891 - 23 Aug 1892 Luis Santos 23 Aug 1892 - 1 Sep 1893 Vicente G�mez Hern�ndez 1 Sep 1893 - 1893 Juan Godoy (acting) 1893 - 24 Dec 1895 Emilio Galisteo Brunenque 24 Dec 1895 - 15 Feb 1897 Jacobo Marina 15 Feb 1897 - 17 Apr 1897 Angelo Nieto (acting) 17 Apr 1897 - 21 Jun 1898 Juan Marina Commissioners 21 Jun 1898 - 1898 Henry Glass (b. 1844 - d. 1908) 1898 Francisco Portusach Mart�nez (b. 1864 - d. 1919) 1898 Jos� Sisto (1st time) 1898 - 1899 Venancio Roberto 1899 Jos� Sisto (2nd time) 1 Feb 1899 - 20 Apr 1899 Joaqu�n P�rez y Cruz Governors 20 Apr 1899 - 7 Aug 1899 William Coe (acting) (b. 1857 - d. 1909) 7 Aug 1899 - 1900 Richard P. Leary (b. 1842 - d. 1901) 1900 - 1901 Seaton Schroeder (1st time) (b. 1849 - d. 1922) 1901 William Swift (b. 1848 - d. 1919) 19 Jul 1901 - 6 Feb 1903 Seaton Schroeder (2nd time) (s.a.) 6 Feb 1903 - 17 Mar 1904 William Elbridge Sewell (b. 1851 - d. 1904) 17 Mar 1904 - 16 May 1904 Raymond Stone (acting) (b. 1873 - d. 1956) 16 May 1904 - 2 Nov 1905 George L. Dyer (b. 1849 - d. 1914) 2 Nov 1905 - 3 Dec 1906 Luke McNamee (1st time) (acting) (b. 1871 - d. 1952) 3 Dec 1906 - 3 Oct 1907 Templin Morris Potts (b. 1855 - d. 1927) 3 Oct 1907 - 28 Dec 1907 Luke McNamee (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.) 28 Dec 1907 - 5 Nov 1910 Edward John Dorn (b. 1854 - d. 1937) 5 Nov 1910 - 21 Jan 1911 Frank Barrows Freyer (acting) (b. 1878 - d. 1947) 21 Jan 1911 - 30 Jan 1912 George Robert Salisbury (b. 1855 - d. 1950) 30 Jan 1912 - 23 Sep 1913 Robert Edward Coontz (b. 1864 - d. 1935) 23 Sep 1913 - 28 Mar 1914 Alfred Walton Hinds (acting) (b. 1874 - d. 1952) 28 Mar 1914 - 29 Apr 1916 William John Maxwell (b. 1859 - d. 1934) 29 Apr 1916 - 8 May 1916 William Pigott Cronan (acting) (b. 1879 - d. 1929) 8 May 1916 - 30 May 1916 Edward Simpson (acting) (b. 1860 - d. 1930) 30 May 1916 - 15 Nov 1918 Roy Campbell Smith (b. 1858 - d. 1940) 15 Nov 1918 - 22 Nov 1919 William Wirt Gilmer (1st time) (b. 1863 - d. 1955) 22 Nov 1919 - 21 Dec 1919 William Adams Hodgman (acting) (b. 1884 - d. 1967) 21 Dec 1919 - 7 Jul 1920 William Wirt Gilmer (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Jul 1920 - 27 Feb 1921 Ivan Cyrus Wettengel (b. 1876 - d. 1935) 27 Feb 1921 - 7 Feb 1922 James Sutherland Spore (acting) (b. 1885 - d. 1937) 7 Feb 1922 - 8 Dec 1922 Adelbert Althouse (1st time) (b. 1869 - d. 1954) 8 Dec 1922 - 14 Dec 1922 John Paul Miller (acting) 14 Dec 1922 - 4 Aug 1923 Adelbert Althouse (2nd time) (s.a.) 4 Aug 1923 - 26 Aug 1924 Henry Bertrand Price (b. 1869 - d. 1941) 26 Aug 1924 - 7 Apr 1926 Alfred Winsor Brown (acting) (b. 1885 - d. 1938) 7 Apr 1926 - 11 Jun 1929 Lloyd Stowell Shapley (b. 1875 - d. 1959) 11 Jun 1929 - 1931 Willis Winter Bradley (b. 1884 - d. 1954) 1931 - 21 Jun 1933 Edmund Spence Root (b. 1881 - d. 1961) 21 Jun 1933 - 27 Mar 1936 George A. Alexander (b. 1884 - d. 1969) 27 Mar 1936 - 8 Feb 1938 Benjamin Vaughan McCandlish (b. 1886 - d. 1975) 8 Feb 1938 - 20 Apr 1940 James Thomas Alexander (b. 1888 - d. 1952) 20 Apr 1940 - 12 Dec 1941 George Johnson McMillin (b. 1889 - d. 1983) Jan 1942 - Jun 1942 Hiromu Hayashi Jun 1942 - Mar 1944 Teiichi Homura 15 Aug 1944 - 30 May 1946 Henry L. Larsen (b. 1890 - d. 1962) 30 May 1946 - 27 Sep 1949 Charles Alan Pownall (b. 1887 - d. 1975) 27 Sep 1949 - 27 Mar 1953 Carlton S. Skinner (b. 1913 - d. 2004) 27 Mar 1953 - Jun 1956 Ford Quint Elvidge (b. 1892 - d. 1980) Jun 1956 - 2 Oct 1956 William T. Corbett (acting) (b. 1902 - d. 1971) 2 Oct 1956 - 14 Nov 1959 Richard Barrett Lowe (b. 1902 - d. 1972) 14 Nov 1959 - 9 Jul 1960 Marcellus G. Boss (acting) (b. 1901 - d. 1967) 9 Jul 1960 - 20 May 1961 Joseph F. Flores (b. 1900 - d. 1981) 20 May 1961 - 20 Jan 1963 Bill Daniel (b. 1915 - d. 2006) 20 Jan 1963 - 30 Jun 1969 Manuel F.L. Guerrero (b. 1914 - d. 1985) 1 Jul 1969 - 6 Jan 1975 Carlos G. Camacho (b. 1924 - d. 1979) 6 Jan 1975 - 1 Jan 1979 Ricardo J. Bordallo (1st time) (b. 1927 - d. 1990) 1 Jan 1979 - 3 Jan 1983 Paul M. Calvo (b. 1934 - d. 2024) 3 Jan 1983 - 5 Jan 1987 Ricardo J. Bordallo (2nd time) (s.a.) 5 Jan 1987 - 2 Jan 1995 Joseph F. Ada (b. 1943) 2 Jan 1995 - 6 Jan 2003 Carl T.C. Gutierrez (b. 1941) 6 Jan 2003 - 3 Jan 2011 Felix Camacho (b. 1957) 3 Jan 2011 - 7 Jan 2019 Eddie Calvo (b. 1961) 7 Jan 2019 - Lou Leon Guerrero (f) (b. 1950)

Guantanamo Bay Naval Base: see under Cuba.

Guastalla: see under Italian states.

Guatemala

Central America

15 Sep 1821 independence of the colonial "Kingdom of Guatemala" (now Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua) 5 Jan 1822 incorporation into Mexico 1 Jul 1823 independence again 10 Jul 1823 United Provinces of the Centre of America (also styled Republic of the Centre of America) 10 Apr 1825 Federal Republic of Central America 1840 federation effectively dissolved after successive secessions of the states

Superior Political Chiefs 15 Sep 1821 - 5 Jan 1822 Gabino Ga�nza (b. 1753 - d. 1829) 1 Jul 1823 - 10 Jul 1823 Vicente Fil�sola (b. 1785 - d. 1850) Supreme Executive Power (3 members; chair rotating monthly) 10 Jul 1823 - 4 Oct 1823 First Triumvirate - Antonio Rivera Cabezas (b. 1784 - d. 1851) - Pedro Molina (b. 1777 - d. 1854) - Juan Vicente Villacorta (b. 1764 - d. 1828) 4 Oct 1823 - 29 Apr 1825 Second Triumvirate - Juan Vicente Villacorta (s.a.) (6 Oct 1823 - 15 Mar 1824) - Manuel Jos� Arce (b. 1787 - d. 1847) (15 Mar - 20 Oct 1824) - Jos� Manuel de la Cerda (from 20 Oct 1824) - Tom�s O'Horan - Jos� Santiago Milla (b. 1783 - d. 18...) (to 5 Feb 1824) - Jos� Cecilio D�az del Valle (b. 1780 - d. 1834) (from 5 Feb 1824) Presidents 29 Apr 1825 - 13 Apr 1829 Manuel Jos� Arce (s.a.) 13 Apr 1829 - 25 Jun 1829 Francisco Moraz�n (1st time) (b. 1792 - d. 1842) (General-in-Chief) 25 Jun 1829 - 16 Sep 1830 Jos� Francisco Barrundia (acting) (b. 1787 - d. 1854) 16 Sep 1830 - 16 Sep 1834 Francisco Moraz�n (2nd time) (s.a.) 16 Sep 1834 - 14 Feb 1835 Jos� Gregorio Salazar Lara (b. 1773 - d. 1838) (acting) 14 Feb 1835 - 1 Feb 1839 Francisco Moraz�n (3rd time) (s.a.) 1 Feb 1839 - Mar 1840 Diego Vigil (acting) (b. 1799 - d. 1845)

Guatemala

10 Jul 1823 State of Guatemala; constituent state of the Central American Federation (s.a.) to 17 Apr 1839 21 Mar 1847 Republic of Guatemala 13 Jun 1921 - 14 Jan 1922 State of Guatemala during a later aborted attempt at recreating a Central American Federation

Supreme Chiefs of State 10 Jul 1823 - 15 Sep 1824 direct rule by Federation government 15 Sep 1824 - 12 Oct 1824 Alejandro D�az Cabeza de Vaca (provisional) 12 Oct 1824 - 13 Oct 1826 Juan Barrundia (1st time) 13 Oct 1826 - 2 Jan 1827 direct rule by Federation government 2 Jan 1827 - 1 Mar 1827 Jos� Domingo Estrada (acting) 1 Mar 1827 - 13 Apr 1829 Mariano de Aycinena (b. 1789 - d. 1855) 13 Apr 1829 - 30 Apr 1829 Mariano Zenteno (provisional) 30 Apr 1829 - 23 Aug 1829 Juan Barrundia (2nd time) 23 Aug 1829 - 10 Feb 1831 Pedro Molina (s.a.) 10 Feb 1831 - 28 Aug 1831 Gregorio M�rquez (acting) 28 Aug 1831 - 3 Mar 1838 Jos� Mariano G�lvez (b. 1794 - d. 1862) 3 Mar 1838 - 29 Jul 1838 Pedro Jos� Valenzuela (acting) (b. 1797 - d. ...) 29 Jul 1838 - 30 Jan 1839 Mariano Rivera Paz (1st time) (b. 1804 - d. 1849) (acting) 30 Jan 1839 - 13 Apr 1839 Carlos Salazar (provisional) (b. 1800 - d. 1867) 13 Apr 1839 - 3 Dec 1839 Mariano Rivera Paz (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) Presidents 3 Dec 1839 - 25 Feb 1842 Mariano Rivera Paz (1st time) (s.a.) 25 Feb 1842 - 14 May 1842 Jos� Venancio L�pez (b. 1791 - d. 1863) 14 May 1842 - 14 Dec 1844 Mariano Rivera Paz (2nd time) (s.a.) 14 Dec 1844 - 16 Aug 1848 Jos� Rafael Carrera (1st time) (b. 1814 - d. 1865) 16 Aug 1848 - 28 Nov 1848 Juan Antonio Mart�nez (interim) (b. ... - d. 1854) 28 Nov 1848 - 3 Jan 1849 Jos� Bernardo Escobar (interim) (b. 1797 - d. 1849) 3 Jan 1849 - 6 Nov 1851 Mariano Paredes (interim) (b. 1800? - d. 1856) 6 Nov 1851 - 14 Apr 1865 Jos� Rafael Carrera (2nd time) (s.a.) (styled Perpetual President from 21 Oct 1854) 14 Apr 1865 - 24 May 1865 Pedro de Aycinena (acting) (b. 1802 - d. 1897) 24 May 1865 - 29 Jun 1871 Vicente Cerna (b. 1810 - d. 1885) 29 Jun 1871 - 4 Jun 1873 Miguel Garc�a Granados (b. 1809 - d. 1878) (in rebellion from 3 Jun 1871) 4 Jun 1873 - 2 Apr 1885 Justo Rufino Barrios (b. 1835 - d. 1885) 2 Apr 1885 - 5 Apr 1885 Alejandro M. Sinibaldi (acting) (b. 1825 - d. 1896) 6 Apr 1885 - 15 Mar 1892 Manuel Lisandro Barillas (b. 1845 - d. 1907) (acting to 15 Mar 1886) 15 Mar 1892 - 8 Feb 1898 Jos� Mar�a Reina Barrios (b. 1854 - d. 1898) 8 Feb 1898 - 15 Apr 1920 Manuel Estrada Cabrera (b. 1857 - d. 1924) (acting to 2 Oct 1898) 15 Apr 1920 - 10 Dec 1921 Carlos Herrera (b. 1856 - d. 1930) (acting to 15 Sep 1920; Head of State from 13 Jun 1921) 10 Dec 1921 - 26 Sep 1926 Jos� Mar�a Orellana (b. 1872 - d. 1926) (Head of State to 14 Jan 1922; acting to 4 Mar 1922) 26 Sep 1926 - 2 Jan 1931 L�zaro Chac�n (b. 1873 - d. 1931) (acting to 18 Dec 1926) 2 Jan 1931 - 14 Feb 1931 Jos� Mar�a Reina Andrade (acting) (b. 1860 - d. 1947) 14 Feb 1931 - 4 Jul 1944 Jorge Ubico y Casta�eda (b. 1878 - d. 1946) 4 Jul 1944 - 20 Oct 1944 Federico Ponce Vaides (acting) (b. 1889 - d. 1956) 20 Oct 1944 - 15 Mar 1945 Revolutionary Government Junta - Francisco Javier Arana (b. 1905 - d. 1949) - Jacobo Arbenz (b. 1913 - d. 1971) - Jorge Toriello Garrido (b. 1908 - d. 1998) 15 Mar 1945 - 15 Mar 1951 Juan Jos� Ar�valo (b. 1904 - d. 1990) 15 Mar 1951 - 27 Jun 1954 Jacobo Arbenz (s.a.) 27 Jun 1954 - 28 Jun 1954 Carlos Enrique D�az de Le�n (b. 1915 - d. 2014) (provisional) 29 Jun 1954 - 8 Jul 1954 �lfego H. Monz�n (junta chairman) (b. 1912 - d. 1981) 8 Jul 1954 - 26 Jul 1957 Carlos Castillo Armas (b. 1914 - d. 1957) (junta chairman to 1 Sep 1954) 27 Jul 1957 - 24 Oct 1957 Luis Arturo Gonz�lez L�pez (b. 1900 - d. 1965) (acting) 24 Oct 1957 - 26 Oct 1957 �scar Mendoza Azurdia (b. 1917 - d. 1995) (chairman of military junta) 27 Oct 1957 - 2 Mar 1958 Guillermo Flores Avenda�o (b. 1894 - d. 1982) (acting) 2 Mar 1958 - 31 Mar 1963 Miguel Yd�goras Fuentes (b. 1895 - d. 1982) 31 Mar 1963 - 1 Jul 1966 Enrique Peralta Azurdia (b. 1908 - d. 1997) 1 Jul 1966 - 1 Jul 1970 Julio C�sar M�ndez Montenegro (b. 1915 - d. 1996) 1 Jul 1970 - 1 Jul 1974 Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio (b. 1918 - d. 2003) 1 Jul 1974 - 1 Jul 1978 Kjell Eugenio Laugerud Garc�a (b. 1930 - d. 2009) 1 Jul 1978 - 23 Mar 1982 Fernando Romeo Lucas Garc�a (b. 1924 - d. 2006) 23 Mar 1982 - 8 Aug 1983 Efra�n R�os Montt (b. 1926 - d. 2018) (chairman of military junta to 9 Jun 1982) 8 Aug 1983 - 14 Jan 1986 �scar Humberto Mej�a Victores (b. 1930 - d. 2016) (Chief of State) 14 Jan 1986 - 14 Jan 1991 Marco Vinicio Cerezo Ar�valo (b. 1942) 14 Jan 1991 - 1 Jun 1993 Jorge Serrano El�as (b. 1945) 6 Jun 1993 - 14 Jan 1996 Ramiro de Le�n Carpio (b. 1942 - d. 2002) 14 Jan 1996 - 14 Jan 2000 �lvaro Arz� Irigoyen (b. 1946 - d. 2018) 14 Jan 2000 - 14 Jan 2004 Alfonso Portillo Cabrera (b. 1951) 14 Jan 2004 - 14 Jan 2008 �scar Berger Perdomo (b. 1946) 14 Jan 2008 - 14 Jan 2012 �lvaro Colom Caballeros (b. 1951 - d. 2023) 14 Jan 2012 - 3 Sep 2015 Otto P�rez Molina (b. 1950) 3 Sep 2015 - 14 Jan 2016 Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre (b. 1936) 14 Jan 2016 - 14 Jan 2020 Jimmy Morales (b. 1969) 14 Jan 2020 - 15 Jan 2024 Alejandro Giammattei (b. 1956) 15 Jan 2024 - Bernardo Ar�valo (b. 1958)

Los Altos

2 Feb 1838 State of Los Altos (independence from State of Guatemala, recognized 5 Jun 1838); constituent state of the Central American Federation (s.a.) to 26 May 1839 27 Jan 1840 reincorporated into Guatemala 5 Sep 1848 independence again 21 Oct 1848 reincorporated into Guatemala

2 Feb 1838 - Mar 1838 Provisional Government - Marcelo Molina - Jos� Mar�a G�lvez - Jos� Antonio Aguilar President of the Governing Junta Mar 1838 - 28 Dec 1838 Marcelo Molina Chief of State 28 Dec 1838 - 27 Jan 1840 Marcelo Molina 5 Sep 1848 - 21 Oct 1848 Interim Government - Fernando Antonio D�vila - Jos� Velazco - Rafael de La Torre

Guayaquil: see under Ecuador.

Guernsey

   12..                English fiefdom (Bailiwick of Guernsey)

30 Jun 1940 - 9 May 1945 German occupation (see Jersey for central Channel Islands administration)

Governors 1670 - 1706 Christopher Hatton, Viscount Hatton (b. 1632 - d. 1706) 1706 - 1711 Charles Churchill 1715 - 1732 Daniel Harvey, Lord Harvey 1732 George Cholmondeley, Earl of Cholmondeley (b. ... - d. 1733) 1735 - 1737 Richard Sutton (b. 1674 - d. 1737) 1737 - 1739 Francis, Marquis de Montandre 1742 - 7 Feb 1750 Algernon Seymour, Duke of Somerset (b. 1684 - d. 1750) 1750 - 1752 Sir John Ligonier (b. 1680 - d. 1770) 1752 - 1766 John West, Earl de la Warr (b. 1693 - d. 1766) 1766 - 1 Oct 1770 Sir Richard Lyttelton (b. ... - d. 1770) 1770 - 3 Aug 1797 Sir Jeffrey Amherst (from 20 May 1776, Jeffrey Amherst, Baron Amherst) (b. 1717 - d. 1797) 1797 - 14 Nov 1807 Charles Grey, Earl Grey (b. 1729 - d. 1807) 1807 - 26 Oct 1827 George Pembroke, Earl of Pembroke (b. 1759 - d. 1827) 1827 - 11 Dec 1834 Sir William Keppel (b. 17... - d. 1834) Lieutenant governors (acting for the governors to 1834) 1689 - 1703 Bernard Ellis 1704 - 1706 Sir Edmund Andros (b. 1637 - d. 1714) 1707 Oliver Hetherington 1711 - 1726 Giles Spicer 1726 - 1735 Louis Dollon 1735 - 1745 John Graham 1745 - 1756 Charles Strahan 1756 - 1776 Sir John Mylne 1776 - 1783 Paulus Aemilius Irving (b. 1751 - d. 1828) 1784 - 1793 William Brown 1793 Thomas Dundas (b. 1741 - d. 1820) 1793 James Henry Craig (b. 1748 - d. 1812) 1793 - 17 Mar 1796 John Small (b. 1726 - d. 1796) 1796 - 1802 Sir Hew Whitefoord Dalrymple (b. 1750 - d. 1830) 1803 - 1816 Sir John Doyle (b. 1750 - d. 1834) 1816 - 1821 Henry Bailey 1821 - 1828 John Colborne, Baron Seaton (b. 1778 - d. 1863) 1828 - 1837 John Dawes Ross 1837 - 1842 Sir James Douglas 1842 - 1848 Sir William Francis Patrick Napier (b. 1785 - d. 1860) 1848 - 1854 Sir John Bell 1854 - 1856 William Knollys (b. 1797 - d. 1883) 1856 - 1859 George Judd Harding (b. 17... - d. 1860) 1859 - 1864 Marcus John Slade (b. 1801 - d. 1872) 1864 - 1869 Charles Rochfort Scott 1869 - 1874 Edward Charles Frome (b. 1802 - d. 1890) 1874 - 1879 St. George Ferald Foley (b. 1814 - d. 1897) 1879 - 1883 Alexander Abercromby Nelson (b. 1816 - d. 1893) 1883 - 1885 Henry Andrew Sarel 1885 - 21 Feb 1889 John Henry Ford Elkington (b. 1830 - d. 1889) 1889 - 1894 Edward Gascoyne Bulwer (b. 1829 - d. 1910) 1894 - 1899 Nathaniel Stevenson (b. 1840 - d. 1911) 1899 - 1903 Michael Henry Saward (b. 1840 - d. 1928) 1903 - 1908 Barrington Bulkeley Douglas Campbell (b. 1845 - d. 1918) 1908 - 17 Feb 1911 Robert Auld (b. 1848 - d. 1911) 1911 - 1914 Sir Edward Owen Fisher Hamilton (b. 1854 - d. 1944) 1914 Henry Merrick Lawson (b. 1859 - d. 1933) 1914 - 1918 Sir Reginald Hart (b. 1848 - d. 1931) 1918 - 1920 Sir Launcelot Edward Kiggell (b. 1862 - d. 1954) 1920 - 1925 Sir John Edward Capper (b. 1861 - d. 1955) 1925 - 1929 Sir Charles John Sackville-West (from 28 Jan 1928, Charles John Sackville-West, Baron Sackville) (b. 1870 - d. 1962) 1929 - 1934 Walter Patrick Hore-Ruthven, Baron Ruthven (b. 1870 - d. 1956) 1934 - 1939 Edward Nicholson Broadbent (from 11 May 1937, Sir Edward Nicholson Broadbent) (b. 1875 - d. 1944) 1939 - 1940 Alexander Telfer-Smollett (b. 1884 - d. 1954) 1940 - 21 Jun 1940 John Minshull-Ford (b. 1881 - d. 1948) 21 Jun 1940 - 25 Jun 1940 Victor Gosselin Carey (acting) (b. 1871 - d. 1957) Presidents of the Controlling Committee 25 Jun 1940 - Oct 1940 Ambrose Sherwill (b. 1890 - d. 1968) Oct 1940 - 25 Aug 1945 John Leale (acting to Jan 1941) (b. 1892 - d. 1969) Provisional military administrator 1 Jul 1940 - 1940 Albrecht Lanz (b. 1898 - d. 1942) Commandants 1940 - 194. Wilhelm Kratzer 194. - 194. Brosch 194. - 1945 von Reich Head of the British military government 12 May 1945 - 25 Aug 1945 Charles Gage Stuart (b. 1887 - d. 1970) Lieutenant governors 25 Aug 1945 - 1953 Philip Neame (from 13 Jun 1946, Sir Philip Neame) (b. 1888 - d. 1978) 1953 - 1958 Sir Thomas Elmhirst (b. 1895 - d. 1982) 1958 - 1964 Sir Geoffrey Robson (b. 1902 - d. 1989) 1964 - 1969 Sir Charles Coleman (b. 1903 - d. 1974) 1969 - 1974 Sir Charles Mills (b. 1914 - d. 2006) 1974 - 1980 Sir John Martin (b. 1918 - d. 2011) 22 Apr 1980 - 1985 Sir Peter Le Cheminant (b. 1920 - d. 2018) 1985 - 1990 Sir Alexander Boswell (b. 1928 - d. 2021) 1990 - 25 Apr 1994 Sir Michael Wilkins (b. 1933 - d. 1994) 1994 - 2000 Sir John Coward (b. 1937 - d. 2020) May 2000 - 28 Sep 2005 Sir John Foley (b. 1939) 18 Oct 2005 - 23 Feb 2011 Sir Fabian Malbon (b. 1946) 15 Apr 2011 - 6 Sep 2015 Peter Walker (b. 1949 - d. 2015) 6 Sep 2015 - 14 Mar 2016 Sir Richard Collas (acting) (b. 1953) 14 Mar 2016 - 24 Nov 2021 Ian Corder (from 11 Jun 2016, Sir Ian Corder) (b. 1960) 24 Nov 2021 - 15 Feb 2022 Richard McMahon (acting) (b. 1962) 15 Feb 2022 - Richard Cripwell (b. 1962)

Bailiffs 1674 - 24 Feb 1714 Sir Edmund Andros (s.a.) 1714 - 1728 Jean de Sausmarez 1728 - 1752 Josu� Le Marchant 1752 - 1758 Eleazar Le Marchant 1758 - 1771 Samuel Bonamy 1771 - 1800 William Le Marchant 1800 - 1810 Robert Porrett Le Marchant 1810 - 1821 Sir Peter de Havilland (b. 1747 - d. 1821) 1821 - 1842 Daniel de Lisle Brock (b. 1762 - d. 1842) 1843 - 1845 Jean Guille 1845 - 1883 Sir Peter Stafford Carey (b. 1803 - d. 1886) 1883 - 1884 John de Havilland Utermarck (b. 1818 - d. 1884) 1884 - 1895 Edgar MacCulloch (from 8 May 1886, Sir Edgar MacCulloch) (b. 1808 - d. 1896) 1895 - 1902 Thomas Godfrey Carey (from 27 Jun 1900, Sir Thomas Godfrey Carey) (b. 1832 - d. 1906) 1902 - 1908 Sir Henry Alexander Giffard (b. 1838 - d. 1927) 1908 - 27 Jul 1915 William Carey (from 1 Jan 1915, Sir William Carey) (b. 1853 - d. 1915) 1915 - 1922 Sir Edward Chepmell Ozanne (b. 1852 - d. 1929) 1922 - 1929 Sir Havilland Walter de Sausmarez (b. 1861 - d. 1941) 1929 - 1935 Arthur William Bell (b. 1868 - d. 1935) 1935 - 1946 Victor Gosselin Carey (from 11 Dec 1945, Sir Victor Gosselin Carey) (s.a.) 1946 - 1959 Ambrose Sherwill (from 9 Jun 1949, Sir Ambrose Sherwill) (s.a.) 1959 - 21 Jul 1973 William Arnold (from 1 Jan 1963, Sir William Arnold) (b. 1903 - d. 1973) 1973 - 6 Aug 1982 John Loveridge (from 14 Jun 1975, Sir John Loveridge) (b. 1912 - d. 1994) 6 Aug 1982 - 1992 Charles Frossard (from 11 Jun 1983, Sir Charles Frossard) (b. 1922 - d. 2012) Feb 1992 - 28 Mar 1999 Graham Dorey (from 12 Jun 1993, Sir Graham Dorey) (b. 1932 - d. 2015) 28 Mar 1999 - 15 Jun 2005 de Vic Carey (from 1 Jan 2002, Sir de Vic Carey) (b. 1940) 16 Jun 2005 - 23 Mar 2012 Geoffrey Rowland (from 13 Jun 2009, Sir Geoffrey Rowland) (b. 1948) 23 Mar 2012 - 11 May 2020 Richard Collas (from 14 Jun 2014, Sir Richard Collas) (s.a.) 11 May 2020 - Richard McMahon (from 17 Jun 2023, Sir Richard McMahon) (s.a.)

Chief ministers 1 May 2004 - 5 Mar 2007 Laurie Morgan (b. 1930? - d. 2018) 5 Mar 2007 - 1 May 2008 Mike Torode (b. 1941? - d. 2024) 1 May 2008 - 1 May 2012 Lyndon Trott (b. 1964?) 1 May 2012 - 12 Mar 2014 Peter Harwood (b. 1947) 12 Mar 2014 - 4 May 2016 Jonathan Le Tocq (b. 1964) Presidents of the Policy and Resources Committee (from 26 May 2016 also called chief minister) 4 May 2016 - 16 Oct 2020 Gavin St. Pier (b. 1967) 16 Oct 2020 - 13 Dec 2023 Peter Ferbrache (b. 1951) 13 Dec 2023 - Lyndon Trott (s.a.)

Alderney

   1204                English fiefdom

13 Apr 1825 subordinated to Guernsey 2 Jul 1940 - 16 May 1945 German occupation

Governors 29 Aug 1683 - 24 Feb 1714 Sir Edmund Andros (s.a.) 1714 George Andros (b. ... - d. 1714) 1714 - 1721 Ann Andros (f) (b. ... - d. 1721) 1721 - 1722 John Le Mesurier (b. ... - d. 1722) 1722 - 1729 Ann Le Mesurier (f) (b. ... - d. 1729) 6 Feb 1730 - 1744 Henry Le Mesurier (b. 1713 - d. 1779) 1744 - 12 Mar 1793 John Le Mesurier II (b. 1717 - d. 1793) 16 Mar 1793 - 9 Jan 1803 Peter Le Mesurier (b. 1753 - d. 1803) 21 Jan 1803 - 13 Apr 1825 John Le Mesurier III (b. 1781 - d. 1843) Judges 1 Aug 1807 - 2 Apr 1836 Pierre Gauvin (b. ... - d. 1836) 2 Apr 1836 - 11 Apr 1836 Jean Gauvain (acting) 11 Apr 1836 - 28 Apr 1836 Thomas Le Cocq (acting) 28 Apr 1836 - 26 Nov 1836 Nicholas Barbenson (1st time) (acting) 26 Nov 1836 - 21 Sep 1856 Jean Gaudion (b. ... - d. 1856) 21 Sep 1856 - 15 Dec 1856 Nicholas Barbenson (2nd time) (acting) 15 Dec 1856 - 30 Apr 1876 Thomas Clucas (b. 1810 - d. 1876) 1 May 1876 - 9 Oct 1876 Jean Pezet (acting) 9 Oct 1876 - Oct 1892 Thomas N. Barbenson (b. ... - d. 1892) Oct 1892 - 17 Dec 1892 Peter Herivel (acting) 17 Dec 1892 - May 1897 John A. Le Cocq 5 Jun 1897 - 1912 Nicholas P. Barbenson (b. 1838 - d. 1928) 12 Apr 1913 - 15 Mar 1938 Robert W. Mellish (b. 1869 - d. 1938) Mar 1938 - 16 Jul 1938 A.C. Tourgis (acting) 16 Jul 1938 - Nov 1947 Frederick G. French (b. 1889 - d. 1963) Nov 1947 - 15 Dec 1947 Dan Le Cocq (acting) 15 Dec 1947 - 31 Dec 1948 Sir Frank H.C. Wiltshire (b. 1881 - d. 1949) Presidents of the States of Alderney 1949 - 26 Aug 1970 Sydney Peck Herivel (b. 1890 - d. 1970) 1970 - 1976 George William Baron (1st time) (b. 1924 - d. 2016) 1976 - 1994 Jon Kay-Mouat (1st time) (b. 1933 - d. 2010) 1994 - 1997 George William Baron (2nd time) (s.a.) 1997 - 19 Jan 2002 Jon Kay-Mouat (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Jan 2002 - 22 Jun 2011 Sir Norman Browse (b. 1931 - d. 2019) 22 Jun 2011 - 15 May 2019 Stuart Trought (b. 1950) 15 May 2019 - 28 Jun 2019 James Dent (acting) (b. 1951?) 28 Jun 2019 - William Tate

Sark

6 Aug 1565 fiefdom founded, subordinate to Guernsey 3 Jul 1940 - 10 May 1945 German occupation

Seigneurs/Dames 1693 - 1715 Sir Charles de Carteret (b. 1679 - d. 1715) 1715 - 1720 John Carteret, Baron Carteret (b. 1690 - d. 1763) 1720 - 1723 John Johnson (b. ... - d. 1723) 1723 - 1730 James Milner (b. ... - d. 1730) 28 Aug 1730 - 24 Jun 1733 Susanne Le Pelley (f) (b. 1668 - d. 1733) 1733 - 1742 Nicolas Le Pelley (b. 1692 - d. 1742) 1742 - 1752 Daniel Le Pelley (b. ... - d. 1752) 1752 - 1778 Pierre Le Pelley I (b. 1736 - d. 1778) 1778 - 1820 Pierre Le Pelley II 1820 - 1 Mar 1839 Pierre Le Pelley III (b. ... - d. 1839) 1839 - 26 Oct 1849 Ernest Le Pelley (b. 1801 - d. 1849) 1849 - 1852 Pierre Carey Le Pelley 1852 - 1853 Marie Collings (f) (b. 1791 - d. 1853) 1853 - 7 Mar 1882 William Thomas Collings (b. 1823 - d. 1882) 1882 - 20 Jun 1927 William Frederick Collings (b. 1852 - d. 1927) 1927 - 14 Jul 1974 Sibyl Beaumont (from Nov 1929, Sibyl Hathaway; from 12 Jun 1965, Dame Sibyl Hathaway) (f) (b. 1884 - d. 1974) 14 Jul 1974 - 3 Jul 2016 Michael Beaumont (b. 1927 - d. 2016) 3 Jul 2016 - Christopher Beaumont (b. 1957)

Brechou

Tenants 1966 - 6 Oct 1987 Leonard Joseph Matchan (b. 1911 - d. 1987) 1993 - 10 Jan 2021 David Barclay (from 17 Jun 2000, Sir David Barclay) (b. 1934 - d. 2021) 2021 - Sir Frederick Barclay (b. 1934)

Herm

Tenants 1889 - 1914 Gebhard F�rst Bl�cher von Wahlstatt (b. 1836 - d. 1916) 1920 - 1923 Sir Compton Mackenzie (b. 1883 - d. 1972) 1923 - 1939 Sir Percival Perry (from 28 Jan 1938, Percival Perry, Baron Perry) (b. 1878 - d. 1956) 1948 - 1949 A.G. Jefferies 1949 - 1980 Peter Wood (b. ... - d. 1998) 1980 - 1 Oct 2008 Adrian Heyworth + Pennie Heyworth (f) 1 Oct 2008 - John Singer (b. 1944?)

Jethou

Tenants 1717 - 1737 Charles Nowall 1737 - 1758 Charles Mauger (b. ... - d. 1758) 1758 - 1779 Mauger's two sons-in-law 1779 - 1781 Henry de Jersey (b. ... - d. 1781) 1781 - 1800 Henry de Jersey II 1800 - 1821 Phillip de Quesnel 1821 - 1822 Edward Falla + Peter le Cocq + Nicholas Le Feuvre + Peter de Lisle 1822 - 1846 Jean Allaire 1846 - 1852 Marie Collings (f) (s.a.) 1856 - 1863 Gee 1863 - 1867 Perry Lindell + Giffard 1867 - 1877 Montague Fielden 1877 - 1890 caretakers 1890 - 7 Nov 1918 Henry Austin Lee (from 9 Nov 1902, Sir Henry Austin Lee) (b. 1847 - d. 1918) 1899 - 1910 Guy (subtenant) 1919 - 1920 John Drillot (caretaker) 1920 - 1934 Sir Compton Mackenzie (s.a.) 1934 - 1944 Harold Fortington (b. ... - d. 1944) 1940 - 1945 George MacDonald (subtenant) 1944 - 1948 Fortington (f) 1948 - 1955 William Gill Withycombe 1955 - 1956 Philip Steer Watkins 1956 - 1958 H.F.V. Stockey Dec 1958 - 1964 William Hedley Cliff (b. 1913? - d. 1969) 29 Sep 1964 - 6 Dec 1971 Susan Faed (f) (b. 1933) Dec 1971 - 3 Feb 1983 Charles Hayward (from 5 Feb 1974, Sir Charles Hayward) (b. 1892 - d. 1983) 1984 - 1991 Antony Duckworth (b. 1946) 1991 - Peter Ogden (from 9 Feb 2005, Sir Peter Ogden) (b. 1947)

Guinea

   1891                French Guinea

16 Jun 1895 part of French West Africa (see under Senegal) 2 Oct 1958 independence (Republic of Guinea) 1 Jan 1979 People's Revolutionary Republic of Guinea 25 May 1984 Republic of Guinea

Governors 22 Dec 1891 - 2 Nov 1900 No�l Ballay (b. 1847 - d. 1902) 2 Nov 1900 - 28 Sep 1904 Paul Cousturier (b. 1849 - d. 1921) 28 Sep 1904 - 27 Mar 1906 Antoine Marie Auguste Frezouls (acting to 15 Oct 1904) 27 Mar 1906 - 16 May 1907 Jules Louis Richard (acting) 16 May 1907 - 25 Jul 1907 Joost van Vollenhoven (acting) (b. 1877 - d. 1918) 26 Jul 1907 - 18 Feb 1908 Georges Poulet (1st time) (acting) (b. 1859 - d. 19...) 18 Feb 1908 - 4 Jul 1910 Victor Liotard (b. 1858 - d. 1916) 4 Jul 1910 - Nov 1910 Georges Poulet (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.) Nov 1910 - 9 May 1912 Camille Guy (b. 1860 - d. 1929) 9 May 1912 - 7 Mar 1913 Jean Louis Georges Poiret (1st time) (acting) (b. 1872 - d. 1932) 7 Mar 1913 - 23 Oct 1915 Jean Jules �mile Peuvergne (b. 1849 - d. 19...) 23 Oct 1915 - 21 Jul 1929 Jean Louis Georges Poiret (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting to 12 Oct 1916) 21 Jul 1929 - 31 Mar 1931 Louis Fran�ois Antonin (acting) 31 Mar 1931 - 1 Jan 1932 Robert de Guise (b. 1872 - d. 1940) 1 Jan 1932 - 7 Mar 1936 Joseph Z�b�d�e Olivier Vadier (b. 1881 - d. 1963) 7 Mar 1936 - 12 Feb 1940 Louis Placide Blacher (b. 1883 - d. 1960) 12 Feb 1940 - Aug 1942 Antoine F�lix Giacobbi (b. 1891 - d. 1957) Aug 1942 - 25 Mar 1944 Horace Valentin Crocicchia (b. 1888 - d. 1976) 25 Mar 1944 - 30 Apr 1946 Jacques Fourneau (acting) (b. 1901 - d. 1956) 30 Apr 1946 - Jan 1948 �douard Louis Terrac (acting) (b. 1900 - d. 1956) Jan 1948 - 9 Feb 1951 Roland Pr� (b. 1907 - d. 1980) 9 Feb 1951 - Apr 1953 Paul Henri Siriex (b. 1908 - d. 2003) Apr 1953 - 23 Jun 1955 Jean Paul Parisot (acting to 2 Dec 1953) 23 Jun 1955 - 3 Jun 1956 Charles Bonfils (b. 1908 - d. 2001) 3 Jun 1956 - 29 Jan 1958 Jean Ramadier (b. 1913 - d. 1968) 29 Jan 1958 - 1 Oct 1958 Jean Mauberna (acting) (b. 1904 - d. 1983) Presidents 2 Oct 1958 - 26 Mar 1984 Ahmed S�kou Tour� (b. 1922 - d. 1984) 27 Mar 1984 - 3 Apr 1984 Louis Lansana Beavogui (interim) (b. 1923 - d. 1984) 3 Apr 1984 - 22 Dec 2008 Lansana Cont� (b. 1934 - d. 2008) (chairman Military Committee of National Restoration to 5 Apr 1984) 24 Dec 2008 - 21 Dec 2010 Moussa Dadis Camara (from 22 Aug 2010, Mo�se Dadis Camara) (b. 1964) (president of National Council for Democracy and Development on 24 Dec 2008) 5 Dec 2009 - 21 Dec 2010 S�kouba Konat� (b. 1966) (acting for Camara) 21 Dec 2010 - 5 Sep 2021 Alpha Cond� (b. 1938) 5 Sep 2021 - Mamadi Doumbouya (b. 1980?) (president of National Committee of Rally and Development to 17 Sep 2021; transitional from 1 Oct 2021)

Prime ministers 14 May 1957 - 2 Oct 1958 Ahmed S�kou Tour� (s.a.) (vice president, from 26 Jul 1958 president, of the Government Council) 26 Apr 1972 - 3 Apr 1984 Louis Lansana Beavogui (s.a.) 5 Apr 1984 - 18 Dec 1984 Diarra Traor� (b. 1935 - d. 1985) 9 Jul 1996 - 8 Mar 1999 Sidya Tour� (b. 1945) 8 Mar 1999 - 23 Feb 2004 Lamine Sidim� (b. 1944) 23 Feb 2004 - 30 Apr 2004 Fran�ois Lonseny Fall (b. 1949) 13 Dec 2004 - 5 Apr 2006 Cellou Dalein Diallo (b. 1952) 9 Feb 2007 - 1 Mar 2007 Eug�ne Camara (b. 1942 - d. 2019) 1 Mar 2007 - 23 May 2008 Lansana Kouyat� (b. 1950) 23 May 2008 - 2 Jan 2009 Ahmed Tidiane Souar� (b. 1951) 2 Jan 2009 - 26 Jan 2010 Kabin� Komara (b. 1950) 26 Jan 2010 - 22 Dec 2010 Jean-Marie Dor� (b. 1938 - d. 2016) 24 Dec 2010 - 29 Dec 2015 Mohamed Said Fofana (b. 1952) 29 Dec 2015 - 24 May 2018 Mamady Youla (b. 1961) 24 May 2018 - 5 Sep 2021 Ibrahima Kassory Fofana (b. 1954) 6 Oct 2021 - 20 Aug 2022 Mohamed B�avogui (b. 1953) 16 Jul 2022 - 29 Feb 2024 Bernard Goumou (b. 1980) (acting for B�avogui to 20 Aug 2022) 29 Feb 2024 - Bah Oury (b. 1958)

Guinea-Bissau

   1614                Cacheu a Portuguese colony subject to Cape Verde
   1753                Bissau a Portuguese colony subject to Cape Verde
   1852                united government at Bissau
   1879                separated from Cape Verde as Portuguese Guinea

11 Jun 1951 overseas province 24 Sep 1973 independence proclaimed (Republic of Guinea-Bissau) 10 Sep 1974 independence recognized

Cacheu

Captains-major 1800 - 180. Manuel Pinto de Gouveia _c._1802 - 1803 Jos� Joaquim de Sousa Torv�o 1803 - 18.. Jo�o Ant�nio Pinto 1811 - 1814 Joaquim Jos� Rebelo de Figueiredo e G�is 1815 - 181. Jo�o Cabral da Cunha Goodolfim (1st time) 181. - 1819 Jo�o Teles de Meneses Drumont (1st time) 1820 - 1821 Jos� Correia de Barros 1821 - 182. Jo�o de Ara�jo Gomes 1823 - _c._1825 Jo�o Cabral da Cunha Goodolfim (2nd time) 1826 - 18.. Ant�nio Tavares da Veiga Santos _c._1835 - 183. Jos� Ant�nio Ferreira 1838 - 18.. Delfim Jos� dos Santos 1842 - 1844 Ant�nio dos Santos Chaves 1844 - 1846 Jos� Xavier do Crato (1st time) 1846 - 1847 Hon�rio Barreto (1st time) (b. 1813 - d. 1859) 1847 - _c._1849 Jos� Xavier do Crato (2nd time) 1852 Hon�rio Barreto (2nd time) (s.a.)

Bissau

Captains-major 1799 - 180. Jo�o das Noeves Le�o 1803 - 180. Ant�nio Cardoso Faria 1805 - 1811 Manuel Pinto de Gouveia 1811 - 18.. Ant�nio Cardoso Figueiredo _c._1820 - _c._1821 Jo�o Higino Curvo Semedo 1822 - 182. Joaquim Ant�nio de Matos (1st time) 182. - 1825 Domingos Alves de Abreu Picaluga 1825 - 1827 Joaquim Ant�nio de Matos (2nd time) 1827 - 18.. Fancisco Jos� Muacho _c._1829 - 1830 Caetano Jos� Nozolini (1st time) 1830 - 183. Joaquim Ant�nio de Matos (3rd time) 183. - 1834 Caetano Jos� Nozolini (2nd time) 1834 - 183. Joaquim Ant�nio de Matos (4th time) 1836 Jos� Eleut�rio Rocha Vieira 1836 - 1839 Hon�rio Barreto (1st time) (s.a.) 1839 - 1840 Jos� Gon�alves Barbosa (1st time) 1840 - 1841 Hon�rio Barreto (2nd time) (s.a.) 1841 - 1842 Jos� Paulo Machado 1842 - 1843 Ant�nio Tavares da Veiga Santos 1843 - 1844 Jos� Maria Coelho 1844 - 1845 Alois da R�la Dziezaski (1st time) 1845 - 1847 Joaquim de Azevedo Alpoim 1847 - 1848 Carlos Maximiliano de Sousa 1848 - 1850 Caetano Jos� Nozolini (3rd time) 1851 - 185. Alois da R�la Dziezaski (2nd time) 1852 Lib�nio Evangelista dos Santos 1852 - 1853 Jos� Maria L�bo de �vila 1853 - 1854 Jos� Maria Correia da Silva 1854 Pedro Henriques Rom�o Ferreira 1855 - 1858 Hon�rio Barreto (3rd time) (s.a.) 1858 Ant�nio Pereira Mousinho de Albuquerque Cota Falc�o 1858 - 1859 Hon�rio Barreto (4th time) (s.a.) 1860 - 1862 Ant�nio C�ndido Zagalo 1863 - 186. Joaquim Alberto Marqu�s (1st time) 1867 - 1868 Bernardo Jos� Moreira 1868 - 1869 Manuel Fortunato Meira 1869 - 24 Jan 1871 �lvaro Teles Caldeira (b. ... - d. 1871) 1871 Jos� Xavier do Crato 1871 - 187. Joaquim Alberto Marqu�s (2nd time) _c._1877 - 1879 Ant�nio Jos� Cabral Vieira

Portuguese Guinea and Guinea-Bissau

Governors 1879 - 1881 Agostinho Coelho (b. 1828 - d. 1888) 1881 - 1884 Pedro In�cio de Gouveia (1st time) (b. 1840 - d. ...) 1885 - 1886 Francisco de Paula Gomes Barbosa 1886 - 1887 Jos� Eduardo de Brito (b. 1839 - d. 1903) 1887 Eusebio Castelo do Valle 30 May 1887 - 4 Sep 1888 Francisco Teixeira da Silva (b. 1826 - d. 1894) 1888 - 1890 Joaquim da Gra�a Correia e Lan�a 1890 - 1891 Augusto Rog�rio Gon�alves dos Santos 30 Apr 1891 - 1895 Lu�s Augusto de Vasconcelos e S� (b. 1842 - d. ...) 1895 Eduardo Oliveira 1895 - 1897 Pedro In�cio de Gouveia (2nd time) (s.a.) 1897 - 1898 �lvaro Herculano da Cunha (1st time) (acting) 1898 - 1899 Albano Mendes de Magalh�es Ramalho 1899 - 1900 �lvaro Herculano da Cunha (2nd time) (acting) 1901 - 1903 Joaquim Pedro Vieira J�dice Biker (b. 1866 - d. 1926) (acting) 1903 - 1904 Alfredo Cardoso Soveral Martins (acting) 1904 Jo�o Mateus Lapa Valente (acting) 1904 - 1906 Carlos de Almeida Pessanha 1906 - 1909 Jo�o Augusto de Oliveira Muzanty (b. 1872 - d. 1937) 1909 - 1910 Francelino Pimentel (b. 1867 - d. 19...) 23 Oct 1910 - Aug 1913 Carlos de Almeida Pereira (b. 1874 - d. 1948) 1913 - 1914 Jos� Ant�nio de Andrade Sequeira (1st time) 1914 - 1915 Jos� de Oliveira Duque (1st time) 1915 - 1917 Jos� Ant�nio de Andrade Sequeira (2nd time) 1917 Manuel Maria Coelho (b. 1857 - d. 1943) 1917 - 1919 Carlos Ivo de S� Ferreira 1919 Jos� de Oliveira Duque (2nd time) 1919 Jos� Luis Teixeira Marinho 1919 - 1920 Henrique Alberto de Sousa Guerra 1921 - 1926 Jorge Frederico V�lez Caroco 1926 - 1927 Ant�nio Jos� Pereira Saldanha (acting) 10 Apr 1927 - 17 Apr 1931 Ant�nio Leite de Magalh�es 8 May 1931 - 1932 Jo�o Jos� Soares Zilh�o (b. 1887 - d. 1979) 1932 - 1933 Jos� de Ascen��o Valdez (acting) 10 Mar 1933 - 1940 Lu�s Ant�nio de Carvalho Viegas 1941 - 1945 Ricardo Vaz Monteiro 15 Mar 1945 - 20 Jan 1949 Manuel Maria Sarmento Rodrigues (b. 1899 - d. 1979) 1951 - 1953 Raimundo Ant�nio Rodrigues Serr�o 1954 - 1956 Diogo Ant�nio Jos� Leite Pereira de Melo e Alvim 1957 - 1958 �lvaro Rodrigues da Silva Tavares (b. 1915 - d. 2011) 1959 - 1962 Ant�nio Augusto Peixoto Correia (b. 1913 - d. 1988) 1962 - 1964 Vasco Ant�nio Martins Rodrigues (b. 1917) 1964 - 1968 Arnaldo Schulz (b. 1910 - d. 1993) 20 May 1968 - 1 Sep 1973 Ant�nio de Sp�nola (b. 1910 - d. 1996) 1 Sep 1973 - 27 Apr 1974 Jos� Manuel Bettencourt Rodrigues (b. 1918 - d. 2011) 27 Apr 1974 - 2 May 1974 Mateus da Silva 2 May 1974 - May 1974 S� Gouveia May 1974 - 10 Sep 1974 Carlos Fabi�o (b. 1930 - d. 2006) Presidents 24 Sep 1973 - 14 Nov 1980 Lu�s de Almeida Cabral (b. 1931 - d. 2009) (chairman Council of State) 14 Nov 1980 - 14 May 1984 Jo�o Bernardo Vieira (1st time) (b. 1939 - d. 2009) (chairman Council of the Revolution) 14 May 1984 - 16 May 1984 Carmen Pereira (f) (b. 1937 - d. 2016) (president of the National People's Assembly) 16 May 1984 - 7 May 1999 Jo�o Bernardo Vieira (2nd time) (s.a.) (chairman Council of State to 29 Sep 1994) 7 May 1999 - 14 May 1999 Ansumane Man� (b. 1940? - d. 2000) (commander of the Military Junta) 14 May 1999 - 17 Feb 2000 Malam Bacai Sanh� (1st time) (b. 1947 - d. 2012) (acting) 17 Feb 2000 - 14 Sep 2003 Kumba Ial� (b. 1953 - d. 2014) 14 Sep 2003 - 28 Sep 2003 Ver�ssimo Correia Seabra (interim) (b. 1947 - d. 2004) 28 Sep 2003 - 1 Oct 2005 Henrique Rosa (interim) (b. 1946 - d. 2013) 1 Oct 2005 - 2 Mar 2009 Jo�o Bernardo Vieira (3rd time) (s.a.) 3 Mar 2009 - 8 Sep 2009 Raimundo Pereira (1st time) (b. 1956) (interim) 8 Sep 2009 - 9 Jan 2012 Malam Bacai Sanh� (2nd time) (s.a.) 9 Jan 2012 - 12 Apr 2012 Raimundo Pereira (2nd time) (s.a.) (interim) 12 Apr 2012 - 11 May 2012 Mamadu Tur� Kuruma (b. 1947) (leader of Military Command) 11 May 2012 - 23 Jun 2014 Manuel Serifo Nhamadjo (b. 1958 - d. 2020) (transitional) 23 Jun 2014 - 27 Feb 2020 Jos� M�rio Vaz (b. 1957) 27 Jun 2019 - 29 Jun 2019 Cipriano Cassam� (1st time) (b. 1958?) (interim, in opposition) 27 Feb 2020 - Umaro Sissoco Embal� (b. 1972) 28 Feb 2020 - 1 Mar 2020 Cipriano Cassam� (2nd time) (s.a.) (interim, in opposition)

Prime ministers 24 Sep 1973 - 7 Jul 1978 Francisco Mendes (b. 1939 - d. 1978) 7 Jul 1978 - 28 Sep 1978 Constantino Teixeira (b. ... - d. 1988) 28 Sep 1978 - 14 Nov 1980 Jo�o Bernardo Vieira (s.a.) 14 May 1982 - 10 Mar 1984 Victor Sa�de Maria (b. 1939 - d. 1999) 27 Dec 1991 - 26 Oct 1994 Carlos Correia (1st time) (b. 1933 - d. 2021) 26 Oct 1994 - 6 Jun 1997 Manuel Saturnino da Costa (b. 1942 - d. 2021) 6 Jun 1997 - 3 Dec 1998 Carlos Correia (2nd time) (s.a.) 3 Dec 1998 - 19 Feb 2000 Francisco Fadul (b. 1953) 19 Feb 2000 - 19 Mar 2001 Caetano N'Tchama (b. 1955 - d. 2007) 21 Mar 2001 - 9 Dec 2001 Faustino Imbali (1st time) (b. 1956) 9 Dec 2001 - 17 Nov 2002 Alamara Nhass� (b. 1957) 17 Nov 2002 - 14 Sep 2003 M�rio Pires (b. 1949?) 28 Sep 2003 - 10 May 2004 Artur Sanh� (b. 1965?) 10 May 2004 - 2 Nov 2005 Carlos Gomes J�nior (1st time) (b. 1949) 2 Nov 2005 - 13 Apr 2007 Aristides Gomes (1st time) (b. 1954) 13 Apr 2007 - 6 Aug 2008 Martinho Ndafa Cabi (b. 1957) 6 Aug 2008 - 2 Jan 2009 Carlos Correia (3rd time) (s.a.) 2 Jan 2009 - 10 Feb 2012 Carlos Gomes J�nior (2nd time) (s.a.) 10 Feb 2012 - 12 Apr 2012 Adiato Djal� Nandigna (f) (acting) (b. 1958) 17 May 2012 - 4 Jul 2014 Rui Duarte de Barros (1st time) (b. 1960) (transitional) 4 Jul 2014 - 20 Aug 2015 Domingos Sim�es Pereira (b. 1963) 20 Aug 2015 - 17 Sep 2015 Baciro Dj� (1st time) (b. 1973) 17 Sep 2015 - 27 May 2016 Carlos Correia (4th time) (s.a.) 27 May 2016 - 18 Nov 2016 Baciro Dj� (2nd time) (s.a.) 18 Nov 2016 - 31 Jan 2018 Umaro Sissoco Embal� (s.a.) 31 Jan 2018 - 16 Apr 2018 Artur Silva (b. 1956?) 16 Apr 2018 - 29 Feb 2020 Aristides Gomes (2nd time) (s.a.) (in opposition to Imbali 31 Oct - 8 Nov 2019) 31 Oct 2019 - 8 Nov 2019 Faustino Imbali (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Feb 2020 - 8 Aug 2023 Nuno Gomes Nabiam (b. 1966) 8 Aug 2023 - 20 Dec 2023 Geraldo Martins (b. 1964?) 20 Dec 2023 - Rui Duarte de Barros (2nd time) (s.a.)

Guria: see under Georgia.

Guyana

Berbice

   1666                Dutch settlement

27 Feb 1781 - 1782 British rule 1782 - 1784 French rule Sep 1803 British rule (1814 colony) 21 Jul 1831 united with Demerara-Essequibo as British Guiana

Commanders 1687 - 1712 Matthijs de Feer 1712 - 1714 Steven de Waterman 1714 - 1733 Anthony Tierens Governors 1733 - 1740 Bernhardt Waterman 1740 - 1749 Jan Andries Lossner 1749 - 1755 Jan Frederik Colier 1755 - 1759 Hendrik Jan van Rijswijck 1760 - 1764 Wolfert Simon van Hoogenheim 1764 - 1767 Johan Heijliger 1768 - 1773 Stephen Hendrik de la Sabloniere 1773 - 1774 Johan Christoffel de Winter 1774 - 1777 Isaac Kaecks 1778 - 27 Feb 1781 Peter Hendrik Koppiers (1st time) 27 Feb 1781 - 1782 Robert Kingston 1782 Louis Antoine Dazemard de Lusignan 1782 Armand Guy Simon de Co�tnempren, comte de Kersaint (b. 1742 - d. 1793) 1783 - 1784 Georges Manganon de la Perri�re 1784 - 1789 Peter Hendrik Koppiers (2nd time) 1789 - 1802 Abraham Jacob van Imbijze van Batenburg (1st time) (acting to 1794) 1802 - 1803 J.C.W. Herlin + G. Kobus (acting) 1803 - 1804 Robert Nicholson 1804 - 1806 Abraham Jacob van Imbijze van Batenburg (2nd time) Lieutenant governors 1806 - 1807 Robert Nicholson 1807 - 1809 James Montgomery 1809 - 1810 William Woodly 1810 Samuel Dalrymple 1810 - 1812 Robert Gordon (1st time) 1812 - 1813 John Murry 1813 Robert Gordon (2nd time) 1813 - 1814 Grant (acting) 1814 - 1820 Henry William Bentinck 1820 - 1821 Thistlewayte (acting) 1821 J. Cameron (acting) 1821 - 21 Jul 1831 Henry Beard

Demerara-Essequibo

   1624                Dutch settlement of Essequibo
   1750                Dutch settlement of Demerara
                       (subordinate to Essequibo)

27 Feb 1781 - 1782 British rule 1782 - 1784 French rule 1784 Essequibo subordinate to Demerara 22 Apr 1796 - 27 Mar 1802 British occupation of Demerara Sep 1803 British rule (1814 colony of Demerara-Essequibo) 21 Jul 1831 united with Berbice as British Guiana

Governors of Essequibo 2 Nov 1690 - 10 Dec 1707 Samuel Beekman 10 Dec 1707 - 24 Jul 1719 Peter van der Heyden Resen 24 Jul 1719 - 12 Oct 1729 Laurens de Heere 12 Oct 1729 - Apr 1742 Hermanus Gelskerke (b. ... - d. 1742) Apr 1742 - 1750 Laurens Storm van 's Gravesande (b. ... - d. 1775) (acting to 1743) Directors-general 1750 - 2 Nov 1772 Laurens Storm van 's Gravesande (s.a.) 2 Nov 1772 - 1781 George Hendrik Trotz Commanders of Demerara 1750 - 1761 Jonathan Samuel Storm van 's Gravesande (b. ... - d. 1761) 1761 - 1765 Laurens Lodewijk van Bercheijk (b. ... - d. 1765) 1765 - 1770 Jan Cornelis van den Heuvel 1772 - 1781 Paulus van Schuylenburgh Governor of Essequibo 27 Feb 1781 - 1782 Robert Nicholson Governor of Demerara 27 Feb 1781 - 1782 Robert Kingston Governors 1782 Louis Antoine Dazemard de Lusignan 1782 Armand Guy Simon de Co�tnempren, comte de Kersaint (s.a.) 1783 - 1784 Georges Manganon de la Perri�re Directors-general 6 Mar 1784 - Feb 1785 Joseph Bourda (acting) Feb 1785 - 18 Aug 1789 Jan L'�spinasse 18 Aug 1789 - 31 Mar 1793 Albertus Backer 31 Mar 1793 - 1795 Willem August van Sirtema, baron van Grovestins 1795 - 22 Apr 1796 Antony Beaujon (b. 17... - d. 1805) Commanders of Essequibo 1784 Albert Siraut des Touches 1784 - 1787 Johannes Cornelis Bert 1787 - 1789 Albertus Backer (1st time) 1789 - 1791 Gustaaf Eduard Meijerhelm 1791 - 1793 Matthijs Thierens 1793 - 22 Apr 1796 Albertus Backer (2nd time) Governor of Essequibo 22 Apr 1796 - 27 Mar 1802 Abraham Jacob van Imbijze van Batenburg Commander of Demerara 22 Apr 1796 - 27 Mar 1802 Antony Beaujon (s.a.) Director-general 27 Mar 1802 - Sep 1803 Antony Meertens Commander of Essequibo 27 Mar 1802 - Sep 1803 George Hendrik Trotz Lieutenant governors Sep 1803 - 18 Aug 1804 Robert Nicholson 18 Aug 1804 - 19 Oct 1805 Antony Beaujon (s.a.) 19 Oct 1805 - 8 May 1806 James Montgomery (acting) 8 May 1806 - Feb 1812 Henry William Bentinck Feb 1812 - 11 May 1813 Hugh Lyle Carmichael (b. 1764 - d. 1813) 11 May 1813 - 23 May 1813 Edward Codd (acting) (b. 17... - d. 1829) 23 May 1813 - 26 Apr 1824 John Murray 26 Apr 1824 - 21 Jul 1831 Sir Benjamin D'Urban (b. 1777 - d. 1849)

British Guiana and Guyana

21 Jul 1831 colonies of Demerara-Essequibo and Berbice united as British Guiana 26 May 1966 independence (Guyana) 23 Feb 1970 Cooperative Republic of Guyana

Governors 21 Jul 1831 - 26 Jun 1833 Sir Benjamin D'Urban (s.a.) 26 Jun 1833 - 4 Mar 1838 Sir James Carmichael Smyth (b. 1779 - d. 1838) 27 Jun 1838 - 19 May 1848 Henry Light (from 27 Apr 1848, Sir Henry Light) (b. 1783 - d. 1870) 19 May 1848 - 12 Feb 1849 William Walker (1st time) (acting) 12 Feb 1849 - 11 May 1853 Henry Barkly (b. 1815 - d. 1898) 11 May 1853 - 23 May 1854 William Walker (2nd time) (acting) 23 May 1854 - 7 Jan 1862 Philip Edmond Wodehouse (b. 1811 - d. 1887) 7 Jan 1862 - 25 Jan 1869 Francis Hincks (b. 1807 - d. 1885) 25 Jan 1869 - 26 Dec 1873 John Scott (b. 1814 - d. 1898) 26 Dec 1873 - 10 Mar 1874 Edward Everard Rushworth (acting) (b. 1818 - d. 1877) 10 Mar 1874 - 8 Mar 1877 James Robert Longden (from 13 Mar 1876, Sir James Robert Longden) (b. 1827 - d. 1891) 8 Mar 1877 - 3 Apr 1877 William Alexander George Young (1st time) (acting) (b. 1827 - d. 1885) 3 Apr 1877 - 13 Dec 1881 Cornelius Hendericksen Kortright (b. 1817 - d. 1897) 13 Dec 1881 - 4 May 1882 William Alexander George Young (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.) 4 May 1882 - 24 Dec 1887 Sir Henry Turner Irving (b. 1833 - d. 1923) 24 Dec 1887 - 13 Jan 1888 Charles Bruce (1st time) (acting) (b. 1836 - d. 1920) 13 Jan 1888 - 23 Mar 1893 Jenico William Joseph Preston, Viscount Gormanston (b. 1837 - d. 1907) 23 Mar 1893 - 5 Jul 1893 Sir Charles Bruce (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.) 5 Jul 1893 - Sep 1895 Sir Charles Cameron Lees (b. 1831 - d. 1898) Sep 1895 - Mar 1896 Cavendish Boyle (acting) (b. 1849 - d. 1916) Mar 1896 - 1898 Sir Augustus William Lawson Hemming (b. 1841 - d. 1907) 27 Mar 1898 - 1901 Sir Walter Joseph Sendall (b. 1832 - d. 1904) 25 Dec 1901 - 1904 Sir Alexander Swettenham (b. 1846 - d. 1933) 26 Sep 1904 - 1912 Sir Frederic Mitchell Hodgson (b. 1851 - d. 1925) 5 Jul 1912 - 1917 Sir Walter Egerton (b. 1858 - d. 1947) 15 Apr 1917 - 1923 Sir Wilfred Collet (b. 1856 - d. 1929) 4 Apr 1923 - 1925 Sir Graeme Thomson (b. 1875 - d. 1933) 31 Aug 1925 - 1928 Sir Cecil Hunter-Rodwell (b. 1874 - d. 1953) 7 Nov 1928 - 21 Apr 1930 Sir Gordon Guggisberg (b. 1869 - d. 1930) 9 Jun 1930 - 1934 Sir Edward Brandis Denham (b. 1876 - d. 1938) 26 Mar 1935 - 1936 Sir Geoffry Northcote (b. 1881 - d. 1948) 19 Nov 1937 - 1941 Sir Wilfrid Edward Francis Jackson (b. 1883 - d. 1971) 7 Nov 1941 - 1946 Sir Gordon James Lethem (b. 1886 - d. 1962) 12 Apr 1947 - 1953 Sir Charles Woolley (b. 1893 - d. 1981) 14 Apr 1953 - 1955 Sir Alfred William Lungley Savage (b. 1903 - d. 1980) 25 Oct 1955 - 1958 Sir Patrick Renison (b. 1911 - d. 1965) 22 Dec 1958 - 1964 Sir Ralph Francis Alnwick Grey (b. 1910 - d. 1999) 7 Mar 1964 - 26 May 1966 Sir Richard Luyt (b. 1915 - d. 1994) Governors-general (representing the British monarch as head of state) 26 May 1966 - 31 Oct 1966 Sir Richard Luyt (s.a.) 1 Nov 1966 - 15 Dec 1966 Sir Kenneth Stoby (acting) (b. 1903 - d. 1985) 16 Dec 1966 - 10 Nov 1969 Sir David James Gardiner Rose (b. 1923 - d. 1969) 10 Nov 1969 - 22 Feb 1970 Edward Victor Luckhoo (from 1 Jan 1970, Sir Edward Victor Luckhoo) (b. 1912 - d. 1998) (acting) Presidents 23 Feb 1970 - 17 Mar 1970 Sir Edward Victor Luckhoo (acting) (s.a.) 17 Mar 1970 - 6 Oct 1980 Arthur Chung (b. 1918 - d. 2008) 6 Oct 1980 - 6 Aug 1985 Forbes Burnham (b. 1923 - d. 1985) 6 Aug 1985 - 9 Oct 1992 Desmond Hoyte (b. 1929 - d. 2002) 9 Oct 1992 - 6 Mar 1997 Cheddi Jagan (b. 1918 - d. 1997) 6 Mar 1997 - 19 Dec 1997 Sam Hinds (b. 1943) 19 Dec 1997 - 11 Aug 1999 Janet Jagan (f) (b. 1920 - d. 2009) 11 Aug 1999 - 3 Dec 2011 Bharrat Jagdeo (b. 1964) 3 Dec 2011 - 16 May 2015 Donald Ramotar (b. 1950) 16 May 2015 - 2 Aug 2020 David Granger (b. 1945) 2 Aug 2020 - Irfaan Ali (b. 1980)

Chief minister 30 May 1953 - 9 Oct 1953 Cheddi Jagan (s.a.) Premiers 5 Sep 1961 - 14 Dec 1964 Cheddi Jagan (s.a.) 14 Dec 1964 - 26 May 1966 Forbes Burnham (s.a.) Prime ministers 26 May 1966 - 6 Oct 1980 Forbes Burnham (s.a.) 6 Oct 1980 - 16 Aug 1984 Ptolemy Reid (b. 1918 - d. 2003) 16 Aug 1984 - 6 Aug 1985 Desmond Hoyte (s.a.) 6 Aug 1985 - 9 Oct 1992 Hamilton Green (b. 1934) 9 Oct 1992 - 17 Mar 1997 Sam Hinds (1st time) (s.a.) 17 Mar 1997 - 22 Dec 1997 Janet Jagan (f) (s.a.) 22 Dec 1997 - 9 Aug 1999 Sam Hinds (2nd time) (s.a.) 9 Aug 1999 - 11 Aug 1999 Bharrat Jagdeo (s.a.) 11 Aug 1999 - 20 May 2015 Sam Hinds (3rd time) (s.a.) 20 May 2015 - 2 Aug 2020 Moses Nagamootoo (b. 1947) 2 Aug 2020 - Mark Phillips (b. 1961)