Leaf Shapes (original) (raw)
Plants have leaves in many different shapes - the thicker the book you refer to, the more leaf shapes they seem to find, but here are some of the basic ones.
Sometimes the Latin name will indicate the leaf shape, so I've put the Latin specific epithet in as well. This will help you identify a plant (if it has that epithet in its name, that's what the leaf will look like), and, on the other hand, if it has that shape leaf, it's possible its Latin name will contain that descriptive adjective.
Sword-shaped_(ensiformis)_Long, thin, pointed
Lance-shaped_(lanceolata)_Long, wider in the middle
Ovate_(ovata)_Oval, with a tapering point
Elliptic_(elliptica)_Oval, with a short point
Round_(rotundifolia)_Circular
Cordate_(cordata)_Heart-shaped
Oblanceolate_(oblanceolata)_Top wider than bottom
Spathulate_(spathulata)_Spoon-shaped
Rhomboid_(rhomboidalis)_Diamond-shaped
Lobed_(lobata)_With several points
Spear-shaped_(hastata)_Pointed, with barbs
Pinnatisect_(pinnatifida)_Cut, but not to the midrib
Pinnate_(pinnata)_2 rows of leaflets
Bipinnate_(bipinnata)_Each leaflet also pinnate
Tripinnate_(tripinnata)_Each leaflet divided into 3
Trifoliate_(trifoliata)_Divided into 3 leaflets
Palmate_(palmata)_Divided into many lobes
Digitate_(digitata)_Divided into 5 lobes
Opposite_(oppositifolia)_Leaves opposite one another
Alternate_(alternifolia)_Arranged alternately
Perfoliate_(perfoliata)_Stem through the leaves
Peltate_(peltata)_Rounded, stem underneath
WhorledIn circles round the stem
RosetteLeaves in close rings
Often a single plant will have leaves of several different shapes, so any description has to be taken as an indication of what you can expect to find on a particular plant, rather than a description of what they will look like. I have one book that uses phrases like 'ovate-lanceolate to obovately-cordate', but I prefer to keep it simple, and accept that most of the time the leaves will be fairly variable but roughly correspond to a basic shape.