Neuroptera (original) (raw)
After Palker, 1982, Grimaldi & Engel, 2005, and Engel & Grimaldi, 2007
<==o Neuroptera Linnaeus sensu stricto? [Planipennia] (verkkosiipiset (harsosiipiset); lacewings, antlions, owflies, etc.)
|?- †Mesohemerobius jeholensis Ping, 1928; L.Cret. EAs. [Neuroptera incertae sedis (Makarkin et al., 2003)]
|-- †“Permithonidae”
--+--o Nevrorthidae Nakahara [Neurorthidae (_lapsus calami_)] [Nevorthiformia] | |-- †_Rophalis relicta_ (Hagen); M.Eoc. NEu. | |-- _Austroneurorthus_ | |--o _Nevorthus_ | |
-- N. fallax
| -- _Nipponeurorthus_
--+?- †Grammosmylidae
|--o Hemerobiiformia (harsokorentomaiset)
| |?- †“Osmylitidae”
| --+?-o †_Prohemerobiidae_ | |
-- †Prohemerobius Handlirsch, 1906
| |?- †“Archaeosmylus_” complesus Whalley, 1988
| |?- †“_Archaeosmylus_” alysius Whalley, 1988
| |--+--o Ithonoidea
| | | |-- Polystoechotidae Handlirch 1906 (giant lacewings)
| | | -- [Ithonidae](ithonidae.html) Newman, 1853 [incl. Rapismatidae Krüger, 1922] (moth lacewings) | |
--+-- Chrysopidae Schneider (green lacewings; harsokorennot)
| | --o Osmyloidea | | |**==**o †Archeosmylidae Riek, 1953 [probably paraphyletic basal Osmyloids] | | | |--o †_Archaeosmylus_ Riek, 1953; L.Perm.-E.Jur. Aust. | | | | |-- †_A. pectinatus_ Reik, 1953 | | | | |?- †_A. stigmatus_ Reik, 1955 | | | | |?- †_A. costalis_ Reik, 1955 | | | |
?- †_A. sp. (L.Trias. Aust)
| | | |?- †Archeosmylidae gen. et sp. indet. (L.Perm. South Africa)
| | | |-- †Babykamenia eskovi Ponomarenko & Shcherbakov, 2004
| | | ?-o †_Lithosmylidia_ Reik, 1955; M.-L.Trias. Aust. | | | |-- †_L. lineata_ Reik, 1955 | | | |?- †_L. barrone_ Lambkin, 1988 | | |
?- †L. parvula Lambkin, 1988
| | --o Osmylidae Leach, 1815 (osmylids) | | |-- †_Archaeosmylidia fusca_ Makarkin, Yang & Ren, 2012; M.Jur. EAs. | |
--+?- †Tetanoptilon Bode, 1953
| | |-- †Osmalochrysa Jepson, Makarkin & Coram, 2012
| | |?-o †Mesosmylininae
| | | |-- †Mesosmylina Bode, 1953
| | | |-- †Sogjuta Martynova, 1958
| | | -- †_Petrushevskia_ Martynova, 1958 | | |?-o †Saucrosmylinae Ren & Yin, 2003 | | | |-- †_Saucrosmylus sambneurus_ Ren & Yin, 2003; M.Jur. EAs. | | | |-- †_Rudiosmylus ningchengensis_ Ren & Yin, 2003; M.Jur. EAs. | | | |-- †_Laccosmylus calophlebius_ Ren & Yin, 2003; M.Jur. EAs. | | |
--o †Bellinympha Y. Wang, Ren, Liu, Shih & Engel, 2010 in Y. Wang, Liu, X. Wang, Shih, Zhao, Engel & Ren, 2010; M.Jur. EAs.
| | | |-- †B. filicifolia Y. Wang, Ren, Liu, Shih & Engel, 2010 in Y. Wang, Liu, X. Wang, Shih, Zhao, Engel & Ren, 2010
| | | -- †_B. dancei_ Y. Wang, Ren, Liu, Shih & Engel, 2010 _in_ Y. Wang, Liu, X. Wang, Shih, Zhao, Engel & Ren, 2010 | | |--o Protosmylinae | | | |-- _Gryposmylus_ | | | |-- _Heterosmylus_ | | | |-- _Paryphosmylus_ | | | |-- †_Juraheterosmylus_ | | | |-- †_Mesosmylus_ | | | |-- †_Osmylidia_ | | | |-- †_Protosmylina_ | | |
--o †Protosmylus
| | | -- †_P. pictus_ (Hagen); M.Eoc. NEu. | | |--o Gumillinae | | |--o Spilosmylinae | | |
-- Thyridosmylus
| | |-- Kempyninae
| | |-- Porismus strigatus (Burmeister, 1839) [Porisminae]
| | |-- Stenosmylinae
| | |-- Eidoporisminae
| | --o Osmylinae | |
--o Osmylus
| | -- _O. fulvicephalus_ |
--+-- Hemerobiidae Latreille [Hemerobioidea] (brown lacewings; kirvakorennot)
| --+--+--o Sisyridae (spongillaflies; rantakorennot) | | | |?- †_Cratosisyrops_ L.Cret. ESA. (_incertae sedis_) | | | |?- †_Sisyra_? _amissa_ Hagen; M.Eoc. NEu. | | | |**==** numerous **Eocene** fossil genera | | | |?- _Climacia_ | | | |?- _Sisyra_ | | |
== numerous Recent genera
| | -- [Coniopterygidae](coniopterygidae.html) Burmeister [Coniopterygoidea] (dustywings; vahakorennot) |
--o Mantispoidea
| |--o Dilaridae Newman (pleasing lacewings)
| | |--o Nallachiinae
| | | --o _Nallachius_ | | |
-- N. americanus
| | --o Dilarinae | | |-- †_Cascadilar eocenicus_ Engel, 1999; M.Eoc. NEu. | |
--o Dilar
| | -- _D. septentrionalis_ |
--+-- Mantispidae Leach (mantispids; rukoilijakorennot)
| --+-- †“Mesithonidae” |
--+--o Rhachiberothidae Tjeder (thorny lacewings)
| | |-- †Paraberotha acra Whalley; L.Cret. SWAs.
| | |-- †Retinoberotha stuermeri Schlüter; U.Cret. WEu.
| | |-- †Eorhachiberotha burmitica Engel, 2004; U.Cret. SEAs.
| | |-- †Rhachibermissa splendida Grimaldi; U.Cret. ENAm.
| | |-- †Whalfera venatrix (Whalley; 1983) M.Eoc. NEu.
| | |-- †Alloberotha petrulevicii Nel et al., 2005; U.Cret. WEu.
| | |-- †Chimerhachiberotha acrasarii Nel et al., 2005; L.Cret. SWAs.
| | |-- †Spinoberotha mickaelacrai Nel et al., 2005; L.Cret. SWAs.
| | |-- †Oisea celinea (Nel et al., 2005) Eoc. WEu.
| | **==** **Recent genera** |
--o Berothidae Handlirsch (beaded lacewings)
| |?- †Banoberotha enigmatica Whalley; U.Cret. SWAs..
| |?-o †Jersiberotha Grimaldi; U.Cret. NAm.
| | |-- †J. luzzii Grimaldi
| | -- †_J. similis_ Grimaldi | |?- †_Nascimberotha picta_ Grimaldi; U.Cret. NAm. | |?- †_Microberotha macculloughi_ Archibald & Makarkin; Eoc. | |?- †_Plesiorobius_? _anadensis_ Klimaszewski & Kevan; U.Cret. NAm. | |?- †_Proberotha prisca_ Krüger, 1923; M.Eoc. NEu. | |?- _Lomamyia_ | |-- Cyrenoberothinae | |-- Berothinae | |-- Nosybinae | |-- Nyrminae | |-- Protobiellinae |
-- Trichomatinae
--o Myrmeleontiformia (muurahaiskorentomaiset) |?- †_Aetheogramma speciosa_ Ren & Engel, 2008 [Aetheogrammatidae Ren & Engel, 2008]
--o Myrmeleontoidea
|--o Nemopteroidea
| |--o †Kalligrammatidae Handlirsch, 1906
| | |--o †Kalligrammatinae Handlirsch, 1906
| | | |-- †Huiyingogramma formosum Liu et al., 2014
| | | |--o †Kalligramma Walther, 1904
| | | | -- †_K. paradoxum_ Liu et al., 2014 | | | |--o †_Limnogramma_ Ren, 2003 | | | | |-- †_L. hani_ | | | | |-� †_L. mira_ | | | |
-- &38224;L. mongolicum
| | | |--o †Meioneurites Handlirsch, 1906; L.Jur. CAs.
| | | | |-- †M. (Parameioneurites) spectabilis Engel, 2005
| | | | |-- †M. schlosseri Handlirsch, 1906
| | | | -- †_M. villosus_ Panfilov, 1980 | | | |-- †_Protokalligramma bifasciatum_ Yang, Makarkin & Ren, 2011 | | |
--o †Sophogramma Ren & Guo, 1996
| | | |-- †S. papilionaceum Ren & Guo, 1996
| | | -- †_S. wimbledoni_ Jepson, Makarkin & Coram, 2012 | |
--o †Kallihemerobiinae Ren & Engel, 2008
| | |-- †Apochrysogramma rotundum Yang, Makarkin & Ren, 2011
| | -� †_Kallihemerobius pleioneurus_ Ren & Oswald, 2002 |
--+-- Psychopsidae Handlirsch (silky lacewings)
| -- [Nemopteridae](nemopteridae.html) (spoon-, thread-winged lacewings; lippukorennot)
--+--o †Osmylopsychopidae
| -- †_Petropsychops superba_ Trias. Aust. |-- †Nymphitidae |-- †“Solenoptilidae” |-- †Brogniartiellidae
--+--o Nymphidae Rambur [incl. Myiodactylidae] (split-footed lacewings)
| |-- †Pronymphes mengeanus (Hagen); M.Eoc. NEu.
| |-- Nymphes
| |-- Myiodactylus
| |-- Osmylops
| **==** numerous other Recent genera
--+-- †Babinskaiidae
|--o Myrmeleontidae Latreille [incl. †Palaeoleontidae] (antlions; muurahaiskorennot, -leijonat)
| |?- †Samsonileon fragmentus Ponomarenko; L.Cret. SWAs. [†Palaeoleontidae]
| |?- †Palaeoleon ferrogeneticus Rice; U.Cret. NENAm. [†Palaeoleontidae]
| |?- †Dendroleon septemmontanus Statz, 1936
| |?-o Porrelus
| | |-- †P. dominicanus Poinar & Stange, 1996; Mioc. CAm.
| | **==** **recent _Porrelus_ -species** | |?- Dimarinae | |?- Stilbopteryginae | |?- Pseudimarinae | |?- Echthromyrmicinae | |?- Palparinae [incl. †Araripeneurinae] | |?- Myrmecaelurinae | |?- Acanthaclisinae | |?- Myrmeleontinae | |?- Brachynemurinae | |?- Dendroleontinae | |?- Glenurinae |
?- Nemoleontinae
--o Ascalaphidae Rambur (owlflies; pöllökorennot) |?- †_Ascaloptynx oligocenicus_ Nel, 1990; Olig. WEu. |?- †_Borgia proavus_ (Hagen, 1858) Navás, 1913; Olig. CEu. |?- †_Mesascalaphus yangi_ Ren et al., 1995; U.Jur. EAs. |?- †_Neadelphus protae_ MacLeod, 1970; M.Eoc. NEu. [larva] |?- †_Prosuhpalacsa biamoensis_ Makarkin, 1998; ?U.Olig.-?L.Mioc. EAs. |?- †_Ricartus edwardsi_ (Oustalet, 1870) Navás, 1913; Olig. WEu. |?- _Cordulecerus_ |?- Albardiinae |--o Ascalaphinae | |--o _Ululodes_ | |
-- †U. paleonesia Engel & Grimaldi, 2007; Mioc. CAm.
| **==** **Other Ascalaphines**
--o Haplogleniinae
|--o Amoea
| -- †_A. electrodominicana_ Engel & Grimaldi, 2007; Mioc. CAm.
== Other Haplogleniines
Reference(s):
- Grimaldi, D. A. & Engel, M. S., 2005: Evolution of the Insects.
–Cambridge University Press, New York, 2005, xv-755 - Engel, M. S. & Grimaldi, D. A., 2007: The neuropterid fauna of Dominican and Mexican amber (Neuropterida: Megaloptera, Neuroptera).
–American Museum Novitates: #3587, pp. 1-58 - Jepson, J. E., Makarkin, V. N. & Coram, R. A., 2012: Lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Purbeck Limestone Group of southern England.
–Cretaceous Research: Vol. 34, pp. 31-47 [**doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2011.10.001**] - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 6: Selkärangattomat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beaut, Du Monde Animal XI & XII Invertébrés.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968 - Maddison, D. R., 1995-1998: Neoptera.
–iNet: The Tree of Life Project: http://tolweb.org/tree/eukaryotes/animals/arthropoda/hexapoda/neoptera.html - Makarkin, V. N. & Menon, F., 2007: First record of fossil ‘rapismatid-like’ Ithonidae (Insecta, Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil.
–Cretaceous Research: Vol. 28, pp. 743-753 [doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2006.11.003] - Makarkin, V. V., Yang, Q. & Ren, D., 2012: A New Basal Osmylid Neuropteran Insect from the Middle Jurassic of China Linking Osmylidae to the Permian�Triassic Archeosmylidae.
–Acta Palaeontologica Polonica: Vol. 59, #1, pp. 209-214 [**doi: 10.4202/app.2011.0018**] - Nel, A., Bechly, G., Garrouste, R., Pohl, B. & Escuillié, F., 2005: A new extraordinary neuropterid family from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil: a new insect order? (Insecta, Neuropterida).
–Cretaceous Research: Vol. 26, pp. 845-852 - Parker, S. P. (ed.), 1982: Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vols. 1 & 2
–McGrew-Hill Book Company - Ren, D. & Yin, J., 2003: New ‘osmylid-like’ fossil Neuroptera from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China.
–Journal of the New York Entomological Society: Vol. 111, #1, pp. 1-11 - Wang, Y., Liu, Z., Wang, X., Shih, C., Zhao, Y., Engel, M. S. & Ren, D., 2010: Ancient pinnate leaf mimesis among lacewings.
–PNAS: Early Edition, pp. 1-4 [doi: 10.1073/pnas.1006460107]