Bischofite (original) (raw)
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
About BischofiteHide
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Colour:
Colourless to white; colourless in transmitted light
Specific Gravity:
1.591 - 1.604
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
For Karl Gustav Bischof (1792-1870), German geologist and mineral chemist, Professor of Chemistry in the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, and for F. Bischof, director of the Stassfurt salt works
A relatively rare constituent of saline deposits. Secondary in origin in part. Formed by alteration of Carnallite by water.
Deliquescent and soluble in water.
Unique IdentifiersHide
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Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:681:5
8b0d80f4-a23b-4103-93d1-9a2c5672d358
IMA Classification of BischofiteHide
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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of BischofiteHide
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3.BB.15
3 : HALIDES
B : Simple halides, with H2O
B : M:X = 1:2
9.2.9.1
9 : NORMAL HALIDES
2 : AX2
8.4.3
8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
4 : Halides of the alkaline earths and Mg
Mineral SymbolsHide
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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Bsf | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of BischofiteHide
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Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless to white; colourless in transmitted light
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
1.591 - 1.604 g/cm3 (Measured) 1.5895 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of BischofiteHide
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RI values:
_n_α = 1.495 _n_β = 1.507 _n_γ = 1.528
2V:
Measured: 79° , Calculated: 76°
δ = 0.033
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Optical Extinction:
X = b; Y ∧ c = 9.5°.
Chemistry of BischofiteHide
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Mindat Formula:
MgCl2 · 6H2O
Crystallography of BischofiteHide
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Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.8607 Å, b = 7.1071 Å, c = 6.0737 Å
β = 93.758°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.387 : 1 : 0.855
Unit Cell V:
424.74 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Crystals short prismatic along [001]; commonly foliated, fibrous, crystalline granular, also massive
Twinning:
May twin polysynthetically under pressure
Comment:
synthetic material
Crystallographic forms of BischofiteHide
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Crystal Atlas:
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Crystal StructureHide
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| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0010001 | Bischofite | Agron P A, Busing W R (1985) Magnesium dichloride hexahydrate, MgCl2*6H2O, by neutron diffraction Acta Crystallographica C41 8-10 |  |
1985 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0018111 | Bischofite | Andress K, Gundermann J (1934) Die Struktur von Magnesiumchlorid- und Magnesiumbromidhexahydrat. _cod_database_code 1011249 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 87 345-369 | 1934 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
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Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.095 Å | (100) |
| 2.646 Å | (69) |
| 2.880 Å | (58) |
| 2.732 Å | (39) |
| 2.305 Å | (39) |
| 2.228 Å | (27) |
| 3.553 Å | (26) |
Comments:
Recorded on synthetic material
Geological EnvironmentHide
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Geological Setting:
In saline deposits; probably in part formed from carnallite
Type Occurrence of BischofiteHide
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Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of BischofiteHide
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Other Language Names for BischofiteHide
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Simplified Chinese:水氯镁石
Traditional Chinese:水氯鎂石
Varieties of BischofiteHide
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Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide
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Other InformationHide
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Notes:
Readily soluble in alcohol and in water.
Special Storage/
Display Requirements:
Deliquescent.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for BischofiteHide
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References for BischofiteHide
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Reference List:
Localities for BischofiteHide
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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 
symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Locality ListHide
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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.