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Unlocking the secrets of sleep

The activity that consumes roughly one-third of our lives affects health in ways scientists are only beginning to fully understand.

Towards accurate differential diagnosis with large language models

Diagnostic reasoning using an optimized large language model with a dataset comprising real-world medical cases exhibited improved differential diagnostic performance as an assistive tool for clinicians over search engines and standard medical resources.

Active energy compression of a laser-plasma electron beam

A laser-plasma electron beam generated using active energy compression demonstrates reduction in energy spread and jitter by an order of magnitude to below the permille level, comparable with modern radio-frequency accelerators.

Human assembloid model of the ascending neural sensory pathway

A human ascending somatosensory assembloid model was developed, which integrates multiple organoids to simulate the spinothalamic pathway, demonstrating functional connectivity and responsiveness to stimuli and revealing insights into pain-related genetic mutations.

Comprehensive interrogation of synthetic lethality in the DNA damage response

Combinatorial CRISPRi screening was used to map genetic interactions in DNA damage response pathways, revealing known and new connections, including the roles of WDR48 and USP1 in preventing under-replication and SMARCAL1 and FANCM in remodelling persistent cruciform DNA structures.

Seismic imaging of a basaltic Lesser Antilles slab from ancient tectonics

Imaging of the mantle transition zone beneath the Lesser Antilles shows a basalt-rich region within the subducting slab near the proposed location of a subducted extinct spreading ridge, implying ancient tectonics play a role in influencing slab trajectories.

Giant electrocaloric effect in high-polar-entropy perovskite oxides

Targeted multielement substitution of a lead-free relaxor ferroelectric perovskite distorts the lattice structure and induces strong polar disorder, leading to high-polar-entropy ferroelectric oxides with a high electrocaloric effect and long lifetime.

A non-contact wearable device for monitoring epidermal molecular flux

A non-contact wearable device that defines and modulates a microclimate adjacent to the skin can measure incoming and outgoing streams of vapourized substances, offering valuable insights into physiological health, wound healing and environmental exposures.