Distinct patterns of neonatal gut microflora in infants in whom atopy was and was not developing - PubMed (original) (raw)
Distinct patterns of neonatal gut microflora in infants in whom atopy was and was not developing
M Kalliomäki et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Jan.
Abstract
Background: Improved hygiene has altered early microbial exposure by reducing childhood infections, which has been suggested as a cause for the continuously rising prevalence of atopic diseases. On the basis of both intensity and timing of stimulus, it has been hypothesized that exposure to commensal microflora may represent another key protective modulator of immunity against atopy and subsequent atopic diseases.
Objective: We sought to investigate whether differences in early gut microflora precede the later development of atopic sensitization.
Methods: Intestinal microflora from 76 infants at high risk of atopic diseases were analyzed at 3 weeks and 3 months of age by using conventional bacterial cultivation and 2 culture-independent methods, gas-liquid chromatography of bacterial cellular fatty acids and quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization of bacterial cells. Infants evincing at least one positive skin prick reaction at 12 months were grouped as atopic subjects, and those without positive reactions were grouped as nonatopic subjects.
Results: Atopic sensitization was observed in 22 (29%) of 76 children. At 3 weeks, the bacterial cellular fatty acid profile in fecal samples differed significantly between infants in whom atopy was and was not developing (P =.005). By using fluorescence in situ hydridization, atopic subjects had more clostridia (geometric mean [95% confidence interval]: 9.3 x 10(7) [3.8-22.9 x 10(7)] vs 3.3 x 10(7) [1.8-6.1 x 10(7)], P =.04) and tended to have fewer bifidobacteria (1.8 x 10(9) [0.4-7.6 x 10(9)] vs 6.1 x 10(9) [2.5-14.6 x 10(9)], P =.11) in their stools than nonatopic subjects, resulting in a reduced ratio of bifidobacteria to clostridia (P =.03). The differences were not detected by bacterial cultivation.
Conclusion: Differences in the neonatal gut microflora precede the development of atopy, suggesting a crucial role of the balance of indigenous intestinal bacteria for the maturation of human immunity to a nonatopic mode.
Similar articles
- Rectal bleeding in infancy: clinical, allergological, and microbiological examination.
Arvola T, Ruuska T, Keränen J, Hyöty H, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Arvola T, et al. Pediatrics. 2006 Apr;117(4):e760-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-1069. Pediatrics. 2006. PMID: 16585287 Clinical Trial. - Allergy development and the intestinal microflora during the first year of life.
Björkstén B, Sepp E, Julge K, Voor T, Mikelsaar M. Björkstén B, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Oct;108(4):516-20. doi: 10.1067/mai.2001.118130. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001. PMID: 11590374 - Atopy, eczema and breast milk fatty acids in a high-risk cohort of children followed from birth to 5 yr.
Oddy WH, Pal S, Kusel MM, Vine D, de Klerk NH, Hartmann P, Holt PG, Sly PD, Burton PR, Stanley FJ, Landau LI. Oddy WH, et al. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2006 Feb;17(1):4-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2005.00340.x. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2006. PMID: 16426248 - Early nutrition and immunity - progress and perspectives.
Calder PC, Krauss-Etschmann S, de Jong EC, Dupont C, Frick JS, Frokiaer H, Heinrich J, Garn H, Koletzko S, Lack G, Mattelio G, Renz H, Sangild PT, Schrezenmeir J, Stulnig TM, Thymann T, Wold AE, Koletzko B. Calder PC, et al. Br J Nutr. 2006 Oct;96(4):774-90. Br J Nutr. 2006. PMID: 17010239 - Prevention of allergic disease in childhood: clinical and epidemiological aspects of primary and secondary allergy prevention.
Halken S. Halken S. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2004 Jun;15 Suppl 16:4-5, 9-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2004.0148b.x. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2004. PMID: 15125698 Review.
Cited by
- Mapping the relationship between atopic dermatitis and gut microbiota: a bibliometric analysis, 2014-2023.
Wang Y, Wang B, Sun S, Wang Z. Wang Y, et al. Front Microbiol. 2024 Sep 4;15:1400657. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1400657. eCollection 2024. Front Microbiol. 2024. PMID: 39296293 Free PMC article. - Short-Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA) as a Connecting Link between Microbiota and Gut-Lung Axis-A Potential Therapeutic Intervention to Improve Lung Health.
Verma A, Bhagchandani T, Rai A, Nikita, Sardarni UK, Bhavesh NS, Gulati S, Malik R, Tandon R. Verma A, et al. ACS Omega. 2024 Mar 19;9(13):14648-14671. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05846. eCollection 2024 Apr 2. ACS Omega. 2024. PMID: 38585101 Free PMC article. Review. - Integrative Multiomics Approach to Skin: The Sinergy between Individualised Medicine and Futuristic Precision Skin Care?
Dessì A, Pintus R, Fanos V, Bosco A. Dessì A, et al. Metabolites. 2024 Mar 7;14(3):157. doi: 10.3390/metabo14030157. Metabolites. 2024. PMID: 38535317 Free PMC article. Review. - Tlr5 deficiency exacerbates lupus-like disease in the MRL/lpr mouse model.
Alajoleen RM, Oakland DN, Estaleen R, Shakeri A, Lu R, Appiah M, Sun S, Neumann J, Kawauchi S, Cecere TE, McMillan RP, Reilly CM, Luo XM. Alajoleen RM, et al. Front Immunol. 2024 Jan 30;15:1359534. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359534. eCollection 2024. Front Immunol. 2024. PMID: 38352866 Free PMC article. Retracted. - Tryptophan, an important link in regulating the complex network of skin immunology response in atopic dermatitis.
Huang Y, Chen L, Liu F, Xiong X, Ouyang Y, Deng Y. Huang Y, et al. Front Immunol. 2024 Jan 22;14:1300378. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1300378. eCollection 2023. Front Immunol. 2024. PMID: 38318507 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources