Effects of body composition and adipose tissue distribution on respiratory function in elderly men and women: the health, aging, and body composition study - PubMed (original) (raw)

Comparative Study

Effects of body composition and adipose tissue distribution on respiratory function in elderly men and women: the health, aging, and body composition study

Andrea P Rossi et al. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011 Jul.

Abstract

Background: Previous cross-sectional studies demonstrate positive associations of fat-free mass and negative associations of centrally distributed fat deposits with respiratory function in older adults. Few studies have evaluated whether greater losses of muscle and increases in fat are associated with more rapid decline in respiratory function in aging.

Methods: Nine hundred and fifty-seven men and 1,024 women aged, respectively, 73.6 ± 2.8 years and 73.2 ± 2.8 years at baseline were followed for 5 years. Body weight, waist circumference, bone mineral density, fat-free mass, fat mass and fat mass percentage as measured by DXA, abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, thigh muscle area, thigh intermuscular fat by CT and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were evaluated at baseline and after 5-years follow-up.

Results: Cross-sectional analyses showed that height and thigh muscle area were positively and visceral adipose tissue negatively related to FEV1 and FVC. Increase in fat mass over five years was associated with concurrent FEV1 and FVC decline. In analyses stratified by weight-change categories, men and women who gained weight (vs stable/lost weight) had more rapid declines in FEV1 and FVC.

Conclusion: In this well-functioning cohort, less muscle and greater abdominal fat were each associated with poorer lung spirometry cross-sectionally, whereas increase in fat mass over 5 years was associated with concurrent FEV1 and FVC decline. Weight gain and accompanying fat deposition may accelerate age-related declines in respiratory function.

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Figures

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) percent change (Y5 − Y1) by category of weight change in men. There were significant within-group changes in all weight groups for FEV1 and FVC. Data were analyzed by using analysis of covariance, with adjustment for age, race, height, smoking, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis (*p < .0001).

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) percent change (Y5 − Y1) by category of weight change in women. There were significant within group changes in all weight groups for forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity. Data were analyzed by using ANCOVA, with adjustment for age, race, height, smoking, emphysema and chronic bronchitis (*p < .01).

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