Hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant effect of Carthamus tinctorious L, var Annigeri-2-, an oil-yielding crop, against CCl(4) -induced liver injury in rats - PubMed (original) (raw)

Hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant effect of Carthamus tinctorious L, var Annigeri-2-, an oil-yielding crop, against CCl(4) -induced liver injury in rats

Mahadevappa Paramesha et al. Pharmacogn Mag. 2011 Oct.

Abstract

Background: The present investigation evaluates the hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant effect of methanolic extract and its isolated constituent, dehydroabietylamine, in Carthamus tinctorious L, var Annigeri-2-, an oil yielding crop.

Materials and methods: The hepatoprotective effects were estimated for the parameters viz, total bilirubin, total protein, serum alanine amino transaminase (ALT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and along with the pathological findings of hepatotoxicity. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by using free radical scavenging assays: DPPH, nitric oxide radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical, reducing power, ferrous ion chelating ability and total antioxidant capacity.

Results: Both the methanolic extract (at 150 and 300 mg/kg bw) and dehydroabietylamine (at 50 mg/kg bw) showed significant liver protection against CCl(4) -induced liver damage that was comparable with the standard drug, silymarin (100 mg/kg bw), in reducing the elevated serum enzyme markers. The liver sections of the animals treated with dehydroabietylamine elicit a significant liver protection compared with the methanolic extract against CCl(4) -induced liver damage. Further, both the methanolic extract and dehydroabietylamine exhibited a considerable and dose-dependent scavenging activity of DPPH, nitric oxide and hydroxyl radical. Similarly, in the reducing power assay, the results were very persuasive. In addition, the Fe(2+) chelating activity and the total antioxidant assay established the antioxidant property of the methanolic extract and its isolated constituent. Among the two experimental samples, dehydroabietylamine proved to be more effective for the said parameters.

Conclusion: The potent antioxidant and its correlative hepatoprotective activity of the methanolic extract and isolated constituent dehydroabietylamine is therefore attributed to its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.

Keywords: Antioxidants; Carthamus tinctorious L; carbon tetrachloride; dehydroabietylamine; hepatoprotection; var Annigeri-2.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1a

Figure 1a

IR Spectra (3441 Cm-1 for NH2 and 1610 Cm-1 for C=C)

Figure 1b

Figure 1b

1H NMR Spectra (singlet at 6.8 δ, a doublet appeared at 7 δ and another doublet at 7.2 δ)

Figure 1c

Figure 1c

Mass Spectra, m/z: (m+1): 286

Figure 1d

Figure 1d

Structure of Dehydroabietylamine

Figure 2

Figure 2

(a) Liver tissue of the control animal showing normal histology (b) Treated with CCl4 showing necrosis, central vein (V) and fatty vacuole (F) (c) Silymarin treated showing normal hepatocytes (arrow mark) with central vein (d) With methanolic extract @150 mg showing absence of necrosis with few fatty vacuoles with normal arrangement of hepatocytes (e) With methanolic extract @ 300 mg showing absence of necrosis with few fatty vacuoles with normal arrangement of hepatocytes (f) With dehydroabietylamine showing normal arrangement of hepatocytes, absence of necrosis and fatty vacuoles

Figure 3

Figure 3

The IC50 values of in vitro antioxidant ability of Methanolic extract and Dehydroabietylamine (DPPH: DPPH radical scavenging activity, NO: Nitric oxide scavenging activity, OH: Hydroxyl ion scavenging activity, MC: Metal chelating activity)

Figure 4

Figure 4

Absorbance of methanolic extract and dehydroabietylamine isolated from C. tinctorious in reducing power assay

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