Why vitamin D in Alzheimer's disease? The hypothesis - PubMed (original) (raw)
Why vitamin D in Alzheimer's disease? The hypothesis
Duygu Gezen-Ak et al. J Alzheimers Dis. 2014.
Abstract
Scientists have worked for over a century to uncover the basis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with the ultimate goal of discovering a treatment. However, none of the approaches utilized have defined the exact cause of the disease or an ultimate treatment for AD. In this review, we aim to define the role of vitamin D in AD from a novel and fundamental perspective and attempt to answer the following question: Why should we seriously consider "simple" vitamin D as a "fundamental factor" in AD? To answer this question, we explain the protective effects of vitamin D in the central nervous system and how the action of vitamin D and AD-type pathology overlap. Furthermore, we suggest that the role of vitamin D in AD includes not only vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D-related genes but also the disruption of vitamin D metabolism and action. This suggestion is supported by evidence that the disruption of vitamin D pathways mimic amyloid pathology. We define the term "inefficient utilization of vitamin D" as any alteration in vitamin D-related genes, including receptors, the enzymes related to vitamin D metabolism or the transporters of vitamin D, and we discuss the potential correlation of vitamin D status with the vulnerability of neurons to aging and neurodegeneration. Finally, in addition to the current knowledge that defines AD, we suggest that AD could be the result of a long-term hormonal imbalance in which the critical hormone is vitamin D, a secosteroid that has long been misnamed.
Keywords: 25-MARRS; Alzheimer's disease; ERp57/1; VDR; amyloid-β; calcium homeostasis; haplotype; hormone imbalance; oxidative stress; vitamin D; vitamin D deficiency.
Similar articles
- [Vitamin D and Alzheimer's disease: from an intriguing idea to a therapeutic option].
Annweiler C. Annweiler C. Biol Aujourdhui. 2014;208(1):89-95. doi: 10.1051/jbio/2014005. Epub 2014 Jun 23. Biol Aujourdhui. 2014. PMID: 24948022 Review. French. - Molecular basis of vitamin D action in neurodegeneration: the story of a team perspective.
Gezen-Ak D, Dursun E. Gezen-Ak D, et al. Hormones (Athens). 2019 Mar;18(1):17-21. doi: 10.1007/s42000-018-0087-4. Epub 2018 Nov 27. Hormones (Athens). 2019. PMID: 30484097 Review. - Vitamin D-mentia: randomized clinical trials should be the next step.
Annweiler C, Beauchet O. Annweiler C, et al. Neuroepidemiology. 2011;37(3-4):249-58. doi: 10.1159/000334177. Epub 2011 Dec 7. Neuroepidemiology. 2011. PMID: 22156654 - Vitamin D and Alzheimer's disease: is there a link?
Pogge E. Pogge E. Consult Pharm. 2010 Jul;25(7):440-50. doi: 10.4140/TCP.n.2010.440. Consult Pharm. 2010. PMID: 20601349 Review.
Cited by
- Tremendous Fidelity of Vitamin D3 in Age-related Neurological Disorders.
Skv M, Abraham SM, Eshwari O, Golla K, Jhelum P, Maity S, Komal P. Skv M, et al. Mol Neurobiol. 2024 Sep;61(9):7211-7238. doi: 10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w. Epub 2024 Feb 19. Mol Neurobiol. 2024. PMID: 38372958 Review. - The Impact of Vitamin D on Neuropsychiatric Disorders.
Wassif GA, Alrehely MS, Alharbi DM, Aljohani AA. Wassif GA, et al. Cureus. 2023 Oct 26;15(10):e47716. doi: 10.7759/cureus.47716. eCollection 2023 Oct. Cureus. 2023. PMID: 38022259 Free PMC article. Review. - Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Pathology, Current Treatments, and the Potential Therapeutic Effect of Decreasing Oxidative Stress by Combined Vitamin D and l-Cysteine Supplementation.
Jain SK, Stevens CM, Margret JJ, Levine SN. Jain SK, et al. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2024 Apr;40(10-12):663-678. doi: 10.1089/ars.2023.0245. Epub 2023 Dec 8. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2024. PMID: 37756366 Review. - Brain Trauma and the Secondary Cascade in Humans: Review of the Potential Role of Vitamins in Reparative Processes and Functional Outcome.
Denniss RJ, Barker LA. Denniss RJ, et al. Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 May 8;13(5):388. doi: 10.3390/bs13050388. Behav Sci (Basel). 2023. PMID: 37232626 Free PMC article. Review. - Association between vitamin D deficiency and multiple sclerosis- MRI significance: A scoping review.
Hajeer S, Nasr F, Nabha S, Saab MB, Harati H, Desoutter A, Al Ahmar E, Estephan E. Hajeer S, et al. Heliyon. 2023 Apr 23;9(5):e15754. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15754. eCollection 2023 May. Heliyon. 2023. PMID: 37180903 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Miscellaneous