Protein intake and exercise for optimal muscle function with aging: recommendations from the ESPEN Expert Group - PubMed (original) (raw)

doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.007. Epub 2014 Apr 24.

Jürgen M Bauer 2, Rocco Barazzoni 3, Gianni Biolo 3, Yves Boirie 4, Anja Bosy-Westphal 5, Tommy Cederholm 6, Alfonso Cruz-Jentoft 7, Zeljko Krznariç 8, K Sreekumaran Nair 9, Pierre Singer 10, Daniel Teta 11, Kevin Tipton 12, Philip C Calder 13

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Protein intake and exercise for optimal muscle function with aging: recommendations from the ESPEN Expert Group

Nicolaas E P Deutz et al. Clin Nutr. 2014 Dec.

Abstract

The aging process is associated with gradual and progressive loss of muscle mass along with lowered strength and physical endurance. This condition, sarcopenia, has been widely observed with aging in sedentary adults. Regular aerobic and resistance exercise programs have been shown to counteract most aspects of sarcopenia. In addition, good nutrition, especially adequate protein and energy intake, can help limit and treat age-related declines in muscle mass, strength, and functional abilities. Protein nutrition in combination with exercise is considered optimal for maintaining muscle function. With the goal of providing recommendations for health care professionals to help older adults sustain muscle strength and function into older age, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) hosted a Workshop on Protein Requirements in the Elderly, held in Dubrovnik on November 24 and 25, 2013. Based on the evidence presented and discussed, the following recommendations are made (a) for healthy older people, the diet should provide at least 1.0-1.2 g protein/kg body weight/day, (b) for older people who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition because they have acute or chronic illness, the diet should provide 1.2-1.5 g protein/kg body weight/day, with even higher intake for individuals with severe illness or injury, and (c) daily physical activity or exercise (resistance training, aerobic exercise) should be undertaken by all older people, for as long as possible.

Keywords: Aging; Amino acids; Exercise; Nutrition; Protein; Sarcopenic obesity.

Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.

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Figures

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Figure 1

Protein status: factors leading to lower protein intake in older persons

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Protein status: factors leading to higher protein needs in older persons

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Recommendations for maintaining healthy muscle with aging

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