A brief review of higher dietary protein diets in weight loss: a focus on athletes - PubMed (original) (raw)
Review
A brief review of higher dietary protein diets in weight loss: a focus on athletes
Stuart M Phillips. Sports Med. 2014 Nov.
Abstract
Thermodynamics dictates that for body weight (i.e. stored substrate) loss to occur a person must ingest less energy than they expend. Athletes, who owing to their oftentimes large daily energy expenditures, may have greater flexibility than non-athletes in this regard; however, they may also have different goals for weight loss. In particular, weight lost may be less important to an athlete than from which compartment the weight is lost: fat or lean. A critical question is thus, what balance of macronutrients might promote a greater fat loss, a relative retention of lean mass, and still allow athletic performance to remain uncompromised? It is the central thesis of this review that dietary protein should be a nutrient around which changes in macronutrient composition should be framed. The requirement for protein to sustain lean mass increases while in negative energy balance and protein, as macronutrient, may have advantages with respect to satiety during energy balance, and it may allow greater fat loss during a negative energy balance. However, athletes should be mindful of the fact that increasing dietary protein intake while in negative energy balance would come at the 'expense' of another macronutrient. Most recently there has been interest in lower carbohydrate diets, which may not allow performance to be sustained given the importance of dietary carbohydrate in high-intensity exercise. The relative merits of higher protein diets for athletes are discussed.
Similar articles
- Weight management in the performance athlete.
Manore MM. Manore MM. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2013;75:123-33. doi: 10.1159/000345831. Epub 2013 Apr 16. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2013. PMID: 23765356 Review. - American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Nutrition and athletic performance.
American Dietetic Association; Dietitians of Canada; American College of Sports Medicine; Rodriguez NR, Di Marco NM, Langley S. American Dietetic Association, et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009 Mar;41(3):709-31. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31890eb86. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009. PMID: 19225360 Review. - Protein Recommendations for Weight Loss in Elite Athletes: A Focus on Body Composition and Performance.
Hector AJ, Phillips SM. Hector AJ, et al. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2018 Mar 1;28(2):170-177. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0273. Epub 2018 Feb 19. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2018. PMID: 29182451 Review. - Impact of dietary macronutrient profile on feline body weight is not consistent with the protein leverage hypothesis.
Allaway D, de Alvaro CH, Hewson-Hughes A, Staunton R, Morris P, Alexander J. Allaway D, et al. Br J Nutr. 2018 Dec;120(11):1310-1318. doi: 10.1017/S000711451800257X. Epub 2018 Oct 12. Br J Nutr. 2018. PMID: 30311593 - Anabolic and catabolic hormones and energy balance of the male bodybuilders during the preparation for the competition.
Mäestu J, Eliakim A, Jürimäe J, Valter I, Jürimäe T. Mäestu J, et al. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Apr;24(4):1074-81. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181cb6fd3. J Strength Cond Res. 2010. PMID: 20300017
Cited by
- Dietary Intakes Differ by Body Composition Goals: An Observational Study of Professional Rugby Union Players in New Zealand.
Black KE, Hindle C, McLay-Cooke R, Brown RC, Gibson C, Baker DF, Smith B. Black KE, et al. Am J Mens Health. 2019 Nov-Dec;13(6):1557988319891350. doi: 10.1177/1557988319891350. Am J Mens Health. 2019. PMID: 31775566 Free PMC article. - ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations.
Kerksick CM, Wilborn CD, Roberts MD, Smith-Ryan A, Kleiner SM, Jäger R, Collins R, Cooke M, Davis JN, Galvan E, Greenwood M, Lowery LM, Wildman R, Antonio J, Kreider RB. Kerksick CM, et al. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018 Aug 1;15(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s12970-018-0242-y. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018. PMID: 30068354 Free PMC article. Review. - Four Weeks of Time-Restricted Feeding Combined with Resistance Training Does Not Differentially Influence Measures of Body Composition, Muscle Performance, Resting Energy Expenditure, and Blood Biomarkers.
Stratton MT, Tinsley GM, Alesi MG, Hester GM, Olmos AA, Serafini PR, Modjeski AS, Mangine GT, King K, Savage SN, Webb AT, VanDusseldorp TA. Stratton MT, et al. Nutrients. 2020 Apr 17;12(4):1126. doi: 10.3390/nu12041126. Nutrients. 2020. PMID: 32316561 Free PMC article. - Live strong and prosper: the importance of skeletal muscle strength for healthy ageing.
McLeod M, Breen L, Hamilton DL, Philp A. McLeod M, et al. Biogerontology. 2016 Jun;17(3):497-510. doi: 10.1007/s10522-015-9631-7. Epub 2016 Jan 20. Biogerontology. 2016. PMID: 26791164 Free PMC article. Review. - Dietary Protein, Muscle and Physical Function in the Very Old.
Franzke B, Neubauer O, Cameron-Smith D, Wagner KH. Franzke B, et al. Nutrients. 2018 Jul 20;10(7):935. doi: 10.3390/nu10070935. Nutrients. 2018. PMID: 30037048 Free PMC article. Review.
References
- Institute of Medicine . Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Washington: National Academies Press; 2005. - PubMed
- WHO Technical Report Series 935. Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition: report of a joint FAO/WHO/UNU expert consultation. WHO; 2011. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical