The Role of Nutrition in Periodontal Health: An Update - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

The Role of Nutrition in Periodontal Health: An Update

Shariq Najeeb et al. Nutrients. 2016.

Abstract

Periodontal health is influenced by a number of factors such as oral hygiene, genetic and epigenetic factors, systemic health, and nutrition. Many studies have observed that a balanced diet has an essential role in maintaining periodontal health. Additionally, the influences of nutritional supplements and dietary components have been known to affect healing after periodontal surgery. Studies have attempted to find a correlation between tooth loss, periodontal health, and nutrition. Moreover, bone formation and periodontal regeneration are also affected by numerous vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. The aim of this review is to critically appraise the currently available data on diet and maintenance of periodontal health and periodontal healing. The effects of nutritional intervention studies to improve the quality of life and well-being of patients with periodontal disease have been discussed.

Keywords: micronutrients; periodontal health; periodontal regeneration; periodontium; wound healing.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Periodontitis is mainly caused by the presence of calculus, the calcified form of dental plaque. Calculus harbors a number of pathogenic microbes that cause periodontitis. If not treated, periodontal inflammation may cause progressive destruction of periodontal tissues.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Periodontal disease is a complex process of infective and inflammatory processes leading to production of reactive oxidative species (ROS), which in turn worsen periodontitis. Antioxidants may improve periodontal health and outcomes of periodontal therapy by reducing the oxidative stress via scavenging ROS.

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