Budding Yeast: An Ideal Backdrop for In vivo Lipid Biochemistry - PubMed (original) (raw)

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Budding Yeast: An Ideal Backdrop for In vivo Lipid Biochemistry

Pushpendra Singh. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2017.

Abstract

Biological membranes are non-covalent assembly of lipids and proteins. Lipids play critical role in determining membrane physical properties and regulate the function of membrane associated proteins. Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae offers an exceptional advantage to understand the lipid-protein interactions since lipid metabolism and homeostasis are relatively simple and well characterized as compared to other eukaryotes. In addition, a vast array of genetic and cell biological tools are available to determine and understand the role of a particular lipid in various lipid metabolic disorders. Budding yeast has been instrumental in delineating mechanisms related to lipid metabolism, trafficking and their localization in different subcellular compartments at various cell cycle stages. Further, availability of tools and enormous potential for the development of useful reagents and novel technologies to localize a particular lipid in different subcellular compartments in yeast makes it a formidable system to carry out lipid biology. Taken together, yeast provides an outstanding backdrop to characterize lipid metabolic changes under various physiological conditions.

Keywords: budding yeast; ergosterol; lipid sensors; lipid-protein interactions; sphingolipid.

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Figure 1

Figure 1

Scheme depicting different lipid modulations achieved in budding yeast. A thick cell wall is present around the plasma membrane carrying proteins (shown in cyan, orange, and yellow just to distinguish them as different) in budding yeast. Cell wall and lipids are depicted in orange and blue color, respectively. A handful of examples are presented (i) visualizing lipids with development of fluorescent biosensors as red star (Fairn et al., ; Das et al., 2012) (ii) remodeling membrane to be thicker by acyl chain lengthening (Dickson et al., ; Gaigg et al., ; Renne et al., 2015) (iii) producing thinner membrane by acyl chain shortening (Cerantola et al., ; Epstein et al., ; Renne et al., 2015) (iv) converting ergosterol to cholesterol in budding yeast (Souza et al., 2011). See text for more details.

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