Boosting of Antioxidants and Alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus Suspension Cultures Using Silver Nanoparticles with Expression of CrMPK3 and STR Genes - PubMed (original) (raw)

Boosting of Antioxidants and Alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus Suspension Cultures Using Silver Nanoparticles with Expression of CrMPK3 and STR Genes

Ahmed Fouad et al. Plants (Basel). 2021.

Abstract

Global agricultural systems are under unprecedented pressures due to climate change. Advanced nano-engineering can help increase crop yields while ensuring sustainability. Nanotechnology improves agricultural productivity by boosting input efficiency and reducing waste. Alkaloids as one of the numerous secondary metabolites that serve variety of cellular functions essential for physiological processes. This study tests the competence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in boosting alkaloids accumulation in Catharanthus roseus suspension cultures in relation to the expression of C. roseus Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase 3 (CrMPK3) and Strictosidine Synthase (STR) genes. Five concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg·L-1) of AgNPs were utilized in addition to deionized water as control. Results reflected binary positive correlations among AgNPs concentration, oxidative stress indicated with increase in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents, activities of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, expression of the regulatory gene CrMPK3 and the alkaloid biosynthetic gene STR as well as alkaloids accumulation. These correlations add to the growing evidence that AgNPs can trigger the accumulation of alkaloids in plant cells through a signaling pathway that involves hydrogen peroxide and MAPKs, leading to up-regulation of the biosynthetic genes, including STR gene.

Keywords: APX; Catharanthus roseus; CrMPK3; H2O2; SOD; STR; alkaloids; malondialdehyde; silver nanoparticles.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Effects of AgNPs at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg L−1 on fresh weight (a) and dry weight (b) of C. roseus cell suspension cultures. Means ± standard deviations (SDs), n = 3, Values followed by the same small letter within each column are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Effects of AgNPs at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg L−1 on H2O2 content (a) and MDA content (b) of C. roseus cell suspension cultures. Means ± standard deviations (SDs), n = 3, Values followed by the same small letter within each column are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.

Figure 3

Figure 3

Effects of AgNPs at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg L−1 on relative expression of CrMPK3 gene (a) and STR gene (b) of C. roseus cell suspension cultures. Means ± standard deviations (SDs), n = 3, Values followed by the same small letter within each column are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.

Figure 4

Figure 4

Effects of AgNPs at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg L−1 on alkaloids content in dried cells (a) and growth medium (b) of C. roseus cell suspension cultures. Means ± standard deviations (SDs), n = 3, Values followed by the same small letter within each column are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.

Figure 5

Figure 5

Effects of AgNPs at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg L−1 on APX activity (a) and SOD activity (b) of C. roseus cell suspension cultures. Means ± standard deviations (SDs), n = 3, Values followed by the same small letter within each column are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.

Figure 6

Figure 6

Summary for the action mechanism for AgNPs-mediated alkaloids biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus.

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