Pharmacogenetics and Genomics (original) (raw)

Current Issue Highlights

Mini Review

Pharmacogenomics of commonly used intravenous anesthetics

Kassab, Nayla; Abourjeili, Joseph; Eid, Mary Joe; Raphael, Christian K. Less

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics. 36(2):25-31, March 2026.

Plain Language Summary Pharmacogenomics (PGx) studies how genetic differences affect drug responses, which is crucial for anesthesia. This review examines PGx's impact on five common anesthetic drugs: propofol, midazolam, ketamine, etomidate, and thiopental. Genetic variations in enzymes like CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 influence how these drugs are metabolized, affecting their efficacy and safety. For example, propofol's metabolism is altered by polymorphisms in CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and UGT1A9, while midazolam's sedation depth and drug clearance are affected by variations in CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes. PGx could help personalize anesthesia to enhance patient safety, but practical challenges limit its use in clinical settings. This review emphasizes PGx's potential in precision medicine for anesthesia.

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Original Articles

Effects of glutathione-_S_-transferase polymorphisms on intravenous busulfan in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: a meta-analysis

Salman, Bushra; Al Riyami, Intisar; Al Maskari, Raya; More

Salman, Bushra; Al Riyami, Intisar; Al Maskari, Raya; Al Khabori, Murtadha Less

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics. 36(2):32-47, March 2026.

Plain Language Summary This study reviewed 18 research papers to understand how genetic variations in glutathione-S-transferase (GST) affect busulfan treatment in stem cell transplant patients. It found that patients with the GSTA1*A/*B genotype had lower drug clearance and higher busulfan levels compared to those with the GSTA1*A/*A genotype. Additionally, patients with the GSTA1*B/*B genotype had higher busulfan levels than those with the GSTA1*A/*A genotype. This suggests that genetic testing for GSTA1 could help tailor busulfan dosing, potentially improving treatment outcomes. However, other GST variants did not significantly impact busulfan pharmacokinetics or the risk of complications like veno-occlusive disease or graft-versus-host disease. This highlights the importance of considering GSTA1 in dosing decisions.

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• SDC

Opinion

Leveraging implementation science to enhance the adoption of DPYD testing

Tuteja, Sony; Hicks, J. Kevin; Cavallari, Larisa H.; More

Tuteja, Sony; Hicks, J. Kevin; Cavallari, Larisa H.; El Rouby, Nihal; Smith, D. Max; Patel, Jai N.; Hertz, Daniel L. Less

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics. 36(2):80-82, March 2026.