Cold War UK Civilian Communications (original) (raw)
Site Last Updated : 31-DEC-2024
31/12/2024 | Changes to text and replacement map in the description of Birmingham Anchor exchange and associated tunnel systems as a result of a YouTube 'Urbex' video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAfGfTxLHrg detailing shaft numbering of tunnel BIRM1. Located on War Resilient Communications page. |
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16/10/2024 | Additional information from Leicester AWG and Coryton BTSG8, plus other changes to BT Defence Network. Minor changes: Definition of Digital AU/G as S8S. Photo of Denny AU/G vents to All Underground : Added Torrance House photo to RGHQ Locations : New Gallery showing MDF inductor mounting WB400 signal distribution. |
26/08/2024 | Added photos and description of Fall Out Protection areas and fallout dry construction bricks to a new section Staffing in a War Emergency - GPO/BT War Organisation page. |
22/10/2023 | Additional sites added to the EMSS network diagram. New map of Leamington Spa Tier 2 interconnection to its Tier 3 sites. Emergency Manual Switchboard System Page. |
01/02/2023 | Complete rewrite of the Speech Multiplex page to add additional diagrams and more detail of the technique used in the analogue communications era. It played an important part in 'MOULD', 'All Underground', 'Backbone Microwave' and 'RN1 & RN2' Home Office radio networks, as well a public and private company's communications networks. |
27/11/2022 | Paul Lawrence has kindly shared 15 detailed photos of his new GZI Instrument, added to a new gallery in Chapter 3 The ROC Monitoring Post Page. |
07/11/2022 | Added a full technical description of HANDEL written by its BT designer Neil Harding to Chapter 11 Second Generation HANDEL and Carrier Broadcast Part-1 Page. |
17/10/2022 | Revised Chapter 28, additional detail on the GPO/BT Defence Network topic. |
01/10/2022 | Top of page Navigation Bar changed to reflect limited choice of Alphabetical Index, Chapter Index or Home Page, introduced on 20/05/2021. Now offers single click access to the indexes. |
28/09/2022 | Mark P has kindly supplied detailed photographs of the second generation BE525 ROC Post radio, added to gallery on ROC Post radio communications page. |
30/06/2022 | Wartime Broadcasting Service: Phase 3 and additional information from National Archives declassified files kindly supplied by Dave G1JWG (www.radiohistory.uk) updating a brief outline of WTBS page. |
06/11/2021 | Added the Carmarthen Carrier Area to the map originally showing Swansea CCA. WB1400 Distribution page. |
16/09/2021 | No change to website content. Although browsing with mobile phones is not recommended due to the large textual content, changes to Gallery Viewer renders larger buttons, tapping the image cycles through gallery, which should help phone users. |
18/06/2021 | Replaced WB1400 Carrier Control Area map with a larger example, now showing Swansea with its network of 48 exchanges. WB1400 Part 1 of 2. Updated MOULD with additional channel list PDF files sorted by various headings. Channel allocations for six variants of Pye Pegasus wireless sets added. New listing of Simplex and MIV frequencies added. |
20/05/2021 | New navigation concept introduced to access a Chapter Index, where each page represents a chapter. The Alphabetical Index now shows the chapter containing the item. |
18/04/2021 | Split mains powered sirens and their control gear into two shorter pages but no additional material added. Pt.1) Mains Powered Siren photos of sirens, heater elements, weatherproofing, Audible testing. Field trial of pneumatic siren. Pt.2) Siren Installations,Siren Station, Switch Panels, Autowailer. |
21/01/2021 | Implemented user choice of Dark Mode colour scheme. Added a new page Wartime Broadcasting Service a brief outline of WTBS. |
13/12/2020 | Added technical details of Switching Capability in a optional openable section including opening dates, circuit quantities and electrical power provision at Birmingham Anchor and London Kingsway exchanges War Resilient Communications page. |
30/10/2020 | Addition of London Kingsway and Manchester Guardian tunnel layout plans and galleries of photographs held in BT Archives. Underground exchanges are topic 3 of 4 on War Resilient Communications page. |
15/07/2020 | Minor changes to Speech plus Duplex text, now identifying the units as 'Panel, Telegraph 107A and 108A and replacement diagram. Page Lines carrying both Speech and Telegraph signals. Additional tables, diagram and description of SCVF signalling. 2nd. Generation County Telegraph Network |
16/06/2020 | Reorganised two pages relating to ROC Posts comms into separate radio and landline pages, removing duplications and adding more detail. Added RN2 details for Cornwall LAEC, connection of F496 and DLM1. Core Network / Second Generation |
14/04/2020 | Photos added: PDRM82 Gallery includes photo of detector head wired to PDRM Post Instruments page. New section with photo added to Training CCP users to WB1400 page. |
20/03/2020 | Joachim Schmidt has drawn my attention to a Home Office field trial in 1969/70 of pneumatic sirens, of German design. Details added to Siren Page The Hormann siren features briefly in the video 'Sound an Alarm' at 8:28. Added details from Archives, HO393/63 in a new topic "Audible Testing" on siren page, confirming no testing took place from 1966 to end of Cold War. |
01/02/2020 | Paul Lawrence has kindly allowed me to photograph the inside of his WB1400 CCP, see CCP Gallery. His siren weatherproof cover assembly New Section. Replacement and improved photographs of a WB1400 era version of a Siren Switch panel. Plus additional photographs of a siren pole cap, WB1400 Signalling Receiver circuit board. Photo from Alistair McCann of spent maroon rockets added to gallery on page Post Instruments. |
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Do you have any missing pieces of the Jigsaw ?
Many of us signed the Official Secrets Act, this protected information for 30 years, so anything pre-1992 is now open. The National Archives in Kew, have files previously classified as Secret, open for public inspection. These form the basis for a number of pages on this website. The Freedom of Information Act, has opened younger files too.
Last Ditch Network / RN 5
Recent information suggests LDN's replacement RN5 may have had the official name of Home Defence Radio Communications Network (HDRCN) using RACAL or Decca Messenger SSB radios. Any extra information or correction would be helpful. Last Ditch Network
E.M.S.S.
A lot more has been discovered in the National Archives. But this topic needs a little more exploring. Clear photographs of the jack fields on any remaining basement switchboards or a list of their routes would be equally helpful. The incoming jacks usually repeat themselves every four or six appearances, so its not necessary to photograph the whole of the switchboard.
BTDN
The BTDN (British Telecom Defence Network, formerly the PODN, was funded by the home office until 1993 when it closed. Do you know the locations of the main switching centres. In some places the BTDN circuits shared the EMSS switchboard, but in Chester and Worcester at least, they were in different buildings. Any info would help.
All Underground
Have you worked on a transistorised 24-ch carrier system, where certain pairs were intercepted and amplified in manholes while the remaining pairs went inside the TRS. Some parts were upgraded with EDL8 Digital MUX and was known as S8S.
GPO / BT people may not recognise this codeword for the network explained in the topic National Communications / All Underground, it may have been known to PO staff as the "Protected Carrier System". I suspect there is more to the network than shown on the map on that page - any ideas?
WB600
Do you have colour photos of WB600 receiver external or internal sub boards to replace the B&W photo from BT Archives.
Radio Frequencies and Networks before RN1 / RN2 / RN4
Do you know any ROC Group, Post Radios frequencies, using the ATE Countryman radio, in high-band before the move to 80 MHz frequencies of RN4.
Any pre-RN1 / RN2 era, VHF links for Home Defence / UKWMO, those shown as "Route Unknown" on page Core Communications Network / First Generation, expand the route diagram titled "UKWMO VHF Link Details and Frequencies". I have been supplied with two sets of personal notes / diagrams drawn by DTELs staff used to build this diagram. Do you have anything similar?
Any sketches or lists of links (however small an area covered) of the UHF home defence network between Regional Government HQ's and local authority emergency centres. Era prior to the introduction of RN1, possibly using Plessey valve operated multiplex - ATE800 / 900
Already showing RN1 network diagram but have next to nothing for RN2, so any tiny scrap of information in or around one county or RGHQ would aid understanding immensely. Aerial direction diagrams for masts would be useful too. Do you have any examples of the actual GHz frequencies of RN1 links to determine the channel spacing. Any copies of T.E.I. for the RN1 or RN2 sites?
Last Ditch Network LDN
Still more to find out. Do you know of a location actually issued with the SSB125 radios. We now know the bands involved but not the actual Regional Frequencies used for training? A recently opened PRO file mentions RN5 as a replacement for the SSB125 radios. Did this ever roll out ?
SCOTLAND
There is a great shortage of information about all UKWMO communications in Scotland so even the smallest scrap would be helpful.
ROC Standard Operation Procedures (SOP) Annex G shows the English / Welsh / NI 80 MHz ROC Post frequencies for RN4, but the Scottish section is marked 'Details not Available'. I am still missing those 80MHz frequencies for Ayr and Edinburgh Groups.
We have none of the five Scottish groups frequencies used prior to the introduction of RN4, at a time when England and Wales were on VHF highband. Did they even have radios in posts before RN4, as we know that Belfast Group didn't.
UHF / Microwave links equivalent to the RN1 and RN2 in England & Wales, are any details of the network available.
About the Editor / Author - Contact Me
I became interested in the UK Civil Defence for the Cold War, as a result of working as a engineer for 'Post Office Telephones' later privatised and renamed 'British Telecom'. Between 1978 and 1981 when I maintained the early warning equipment and visited ROC posts in part of North Northamptonshire and South Leicestershire. At the time I never disclosed this information even to my closest friends. Now more than 30 years have passed since the Cold War ended the Internet provides a good medium to disseminate the details of these defunct systems.
I am always pleased to hear from visitors to the website whether or not you have anything to add to the topics discussed.
Steve Scanlon
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