Sierra Leone (original) (raw)
Sierra Leone
| Map of Sierra Leone | Hear National Anthem "High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free" | Text of National Anthem Adopted 27 Apr 1961 | Constitution (1 Oct 1991) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Capital: Freetown (Granville Town 1787-1789, 1791-1792) | Currency: New Leone (SLE) from 1 Jan 2024; Leone (SLL) 4 Aug 1964 - 31 Dec 2023; 1913-1964 British West African Pound (XWAP) | National Holiday: 27 Apr (1961) Independence Day | Population: 6,624,933 (2019) |
| GDP: 11.75billion(2017)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:11.75 billion (2017) | Exports: 11.75billion(2017)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:836.8 million (2017) Imports: $1.56 billion (2017) | Ethnic groups: Temne 35.5%, Mende 33.2%, Limba 6.4%, Kono 4.4%, Fullah 3.4%, Loko 2.9%, Koranko 2.8%, Sherbro 2.6%, Mandingo 2.4%, Creole 1.2% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century; also known as Krio), other Sierra Leone 4.7%, other foreign 0.3% (includes refugees from Liberia's recent civil war, and small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians), unspecified 0.2% (2013) | |
| Total Active Armed Forces: 10,500 (2010) Merchant marine: 541 ships (2017) | Religions: Muslim 78.6%, Christian 20.8%, other 0.3%, unspecified 0.2% (2013) | ||
| International Organizations/Treaties: ACP,AfCFTA,AfDB, APM, AU, BTWC, C, CCM, CEN-SAD, CTBT, CWC, ECOWAS, EITI, ENMOD (signatory), ESCR, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA (signatory), ISA, ISESCO, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, NPT, NTBT, OIC, OPCW, OST, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WAMZ, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO |
| Sierra Leone Index | Chronology 1460/62 Portuguese navigator Pedro (P�ro) de Sintra sights the peninsula at the mouth of the Rokel River and names it Serra L e�o ("Lioness Mountain"). 1562 The English initiate the Triangle Trade when Admiral Sir John Hawkins (b. 1532 - d. 1592) transported 300 enslaved Africans from the area to sell in Spanish Santo Domingo on Hispaniola. 1661 � Dec 1662 Danish lodge at Bagos, destroyed by the Dutch. 10 May 1787 Province of Freedom (settlement founded by the U.K. Committee for the Relief of the Black Poor). Captain Thomas Boulden Thompson of H.M.S. Nautilus, signs a treaty with the Temne chief 'King Tom' purchasing land near Frenchman's Bay (renamed Saint George's Bay) of about 9 or 10 miles by 20 miles, for about �60. 22 Aug 1788 Sierra Leone Treaty confirmed the cession of 20 square miles of land along the Freetown peninsula to British Capt. John Taylor of brig Miro (Myro), by Temne chief 'King Naimbanna (Nembana)' 1789 Granville Town burned by natives (re-founded 1791). Dec 1789 - Jan 1791 Abandoned. 1790 St. George's Bay Company chartered. 22 Jan 1791 Province of Freedom re-established at Granville (under St. George's Bay Company). 1 Jul 1791 Sierra Leone Company received first charter. 11 Mar 1792 Freetown founded by the Sierra Leone Company. 28 Sep 1794 - 13 Oct 1794 French raid and burn Freetown. 5 Jul 1799 Sierra Leone Colony (under Sierra Leone Company to 1 Jan 1808). 1 May 1807 By the "Slave Trade Act 1807", British Parliament makes it illegal "for any British ship or British subject to trade in enslaved people." (Slavery is fully abolished 1 Aug 1834 by the "Slavery Abolition Act 1833" of 28 Aug 1833). 1 Jan 1808 Sierra Leone a crown colony (including coastal area). 6 Jul 1818 - 7 Apr 1904 Los Islands (�les de Los) off Conakry part of British Sierra Leone. 17 Oct 1821 Colony of Sierra Leone and its Dependencies. 17 Oct 1821 - 13 Jan 1850 Sierra Leone territory part of British West African Territories (WAT). 13 Jan 1850 Sierra Leone crown colony (dissolution of WAT). 19 Feb 1866 - 28 Nov 1888 Sierra Leone territory, part of British West African Settlements (WAS). 28 Nov 1888 Sierra Leone Colony (dissolution of WAS). 31 Aug 1896 Hinterland becomes a British protectorate (Sierra Leone Protectorate). Nov 1951 Granted semi-responsible government. 9 Jul 1951 Self-government granted. 27 Apr 1961 Independence from U.K., Sierra Leone Colony and Sierra Leone Protectorate are united as an independent state (Sierra Leone). 19 Apr 1971 Country is declared to be a republic. 14 Jun 1978 Republic of Sierra Leone 23 Mar 1991 - 18 Jan 2002 Revolutionary United Front controls much of interior during the civil Mar 1991 - May 2001. Feb 1998 - Apr 2000 Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) intervention. 22 Oct 1999 - 31 Dec 2005 United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) intervention. |
|---|---|
| Traditional States | |
| Sierra Leone Protectorate (1896-1961) | |
| British West Africa (1821-1850, 1866-1888) | |
| Revolutionary United Front (1991-2002) | |
Superintendent
9 May 1787 - 16 Sep 1787 Thomas Boulden Thompson (b. 1766 - d. 1828)
Governor
6 Aug 1788 - 1788 John Taylor (d. 18..)
Dec 1789 - 22 Jan 1791 abandoned
Sierra Leone Company Agent
22 Jan 1791 - Jun 1791 Alexander Falconbridge (b. c.1760 - d. 1792)
Superintendent
10 Mar 1792 - Aug 1792 John Clarkson (b. 1763 - d. 1828)
Governors
Aug 1792 - 31 Dec 1792 John Clarkson (s.a.)
31 Dec 1792 - 31 Mar 1794 William Dawes (1st time) (b. 1762 - d. 1836)
1 Apr 1794 - 6 May 1795 Zachary Macaulay (1st time)(acting)(b. 1768 - d. 1838)
6 May 1795 - Mar 1796 William Dawes (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mar 1796 - Apr 1799 Zachary Macaulay (2nd time) (s.a.)
Apr 1799 - May 1799 John Gray (1st time) (acting) (b. 17.. - d. 1807)
May 1799 - 1800 Thomas Ludlam (1st time) (b. 1775 - d. 1810)
1800 - Jan 1801 John Gray (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.)
4 Jan 1801 - 15 Feb 1803 William Dawes (3rd time) (s.a.)
Feb 1803 - Aug 1803 William Day (1st time) (b. 17.. - d. 1805)
28 Aug 1803 - Jan 1805 Thomas Ludlam (2nd time) (s.a.)
+ William Dawes (4th time) (s.a.)
Jan 1805 - 4 Nov 1805 William Day (2nd time) (s.a.)
4 Nov 1805 - 1 Jan 1808 Thomas Ludlam (3rd time)(acting) (s.a.)
Captains-General and Governors-in-chief
1 Jan 1808 - 27 Jul 1808 Thomas Ludlam (s.a.)
27 Jul 1808 - 12 Feb 1810 Thomas Perronet Thompson (b. 1783 - d. 1868)
12 Feb 1810 - 30 Apr 1811 Edward Henry Columbine (b. 1763 - d. 1811)
1 May 1811 - 30 Jun 1811 Robert Bones (acting)
1 Jul 1811 - 12 Jul 1814 Charles William Maxwell (b. 1776 - d. 1848)
12 Jul 1814 - 3 Dec 1814 Charles MacCarthy (1st time) (b. 1768 - d. 1824)
(acting)
3 Dec 1814 - 24 Jan 1815 John J. Mailing (acting) (b. 17.. - d. 1815)
24 Jan 1815 - Mar 1815 Robert Purdie (acting) (d. 1815)
Mar 1815 - Jun 1815 Charles MacCarthy (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
Jun 1815 - 30 Jun 1815 William A. Appleton (acting)
30 Jun 1815 - 13 Sep 1815 Henry Barry Hyde (acting) (b. 1785 - d. 1831)
13 Sep 1815 - Jul 1816 James Chisholm (acting) (d. 1824)
Jul 1816 - 26 Jul 1820 Charles MacCarthy (3rd time) (s.a.)
(from 21 Nov 1820, Sir Charles MacCarthy)
28 Jul 1820 - 1 Feb 1821 Alexander Grant (1st time) (acting)(b. 1775 - d. 1827)
1 Feb 1821 - 4 Feb 1821 Edward Burke (acting)
4 Feb 1821 - 28 Nov 1821 Alexander Grant (2nd time) (acting)(s.a.)
28 Nov 1821 - 17 Apr 1824 Sir Charles Mcarthy (4th time) (s.a.)
17 Apr 1824 - 5 Feb 1825 Daniel Molloy Hamilton (acting) (d. 1827)
5 Feb 1825 - 7 Mar 1826 Sir Charles Turner (b. 1773? - d. 1826)
7 Mar 1826 - 11 Jul 1826 Kenneth Macaulay (acting) (b. 1792 - d. 1829)
11 Jul 1826 - 23 Aug 1826 Samuel J. Smart (acting) (d. 1828)
23 Aug 1826 - 14 Aug 1827 Sir Neil Campbell (b. 1776 - d. 1827)
14 Aug 1827 - 5 May 1828 Hugh Lumley (acting) (d. 1828)
5 May 1828 - 9 Jun 1828 Dixon Denham (b. 1786 - d. 1828)
Lieutenant governors
9 Jun 1828 - 2 Aug 1828 Hugh Lumley (s.a.)
2 Aug 1828 - 11 Nov 1828 Samuel J. Smart (acting) (s.a.)
11 Nov 1828 - 18 Dec 1829 Henry John Ricketts (b. 1787 - d. 1838)
18 Dec 1829 - 12 Jan 1830 Augustine Fitzgerald Evans (d. 1858)
(1st time) (acting)
12 Jan 1830 - 25 Apr 1830 Alexander Maclean Fraser (acting) (b. 1787 - d. 1830)
25 Apr 1830 - 12 Jun 1832 Alexander G. Findley (b. c.1784 - d. 1851)
12 Jun 1832 - 7 Jul 1833 Augustine Fitzgerald Evans (s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
7 Jul 1833 - 8 Dec 1833 Michael Linning Melville (acting) (b. 1804 - d. 1876)
8 Dec 1833 - 13 Aug 1834 Octavius Temple (b. 1784 - d. 1834)
13 Aug 1834 - 14 Feb 1835 Thomas Cole (1st time)(acting) (d. 1841)
14 Feb 1835 - 13 Jun 1837 Henry Dundas Campbell (b. 1798 - d. 1878)
13 Jun 1837 - 15 Jun 1837 Thomas Cole (2nd time) (s.a.)
Governors
15 Jun 1837 - 16 Dec 1840 Richard Doherty (b. 1785 - d. 1862)
16 Dec 1840 - 23 Apr 1841 Sir John Jeremie (b. 1795 - d. 1841)
23 Apr 1841 - 3 Sep 1841 John Carr (acting) (b. 1810 - d. 1880)
3 Sep 1841 - 31 Jan 1842 William Fergusson (1st time) (b. 1773 - d. 1846)
(acting)
31 Jan 1842 - 1 May 1844 George MacDonald (b. 1784 - d. 1883)
1 May 1844 - 27 Dec 1845 William Fergusson (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
27 Dec 1845 - 7 Apr 1848 Norman William MacDonald (1st time)(b. 1808 - d. 1893)
(acting to 8 Apr 1848)
7 Apr 1848 - 24 Nov 1849 Benjamin Chilly Campbell Pine (b. 1809 - d. 1891)
(acting)
24 Nov 1849 - 12 Oct 1852 Norman William MacDonald (2nd time)(s.a.)
12 Oct 1852 - 13 Oct 1854 Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy (b. 1810 - d. 1883)
(1st time)
13 Oct 1854 - 27 Dec 1854 Robert Dougan (1st time)(acting) (b. 1785/6 - d. 1871)
27 Dec 1854 - 16 Jan 1855 Sir Stephen John Hill (1st time) (b. 1809 - d. 1891)
16 Jan 1855 - 1855 Robert Dougan (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.)
18 Sep 1855 - 20 Apr 1859 Sir Stephen John Hill (2nd time) (s.a.)
20 Apr 1859 - 18 Sep 1860 Alexander Fitzjames (acting) (d. 1882)
Sep 1860 - 21 Jul 1861 Sir Stephen John Hill (3rd time) (s.a.)
22 Jul 1861 - Aug 1861 William Hill (1st time)(acting)
Aug 1861 - 24 Sep 1861 Thomas Hardwick Smith (acting)
24 Sep 1861 - 11 Oct 1861 William Hill (2nd time)(acting)
11 Oct 1861 - 22 Jul 1862 Sir Stephen John Hill (4th time) (s.a.)
22 Jul 1862 - 12 Nov 1862 William Hill (3rd time)(acting)
12 Nov 1862 - Mar 1865 Samuel Wensley Blackall (1st time) (b. 1809 - d. 1871)
Mar 1865 - 19 Feb 1866 William John Chamberlayne (1st time)1821-1910
(acting)
19 Feb 1866 - May 1866 Samuel Wensley Blackall (2nd time) (s.a.)
May 1866 - Jun 1866 William John Chamberlayne (2nd time)
(acting)
Jun 1866 - Jun 1867 Samuel Wensley Blackall (3rd time) (s.a.)
Jun 1867 - Dec 1867 Gustavus Nigel Kingscote Anker (b. 1814 - d. 1894)
Yonge (acting)
Dec 1867 - Feb 1868 Samuel Wensley Blackall (4th time) (s.a.)
8 Feb 1868 - Aug 1869 Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Aug 1869 - Dec 1869 John Jennings Kendall (1st time) (b. 1837 - d. 1886)
(acting)
Dec 1869 - 17 Jan 1872 Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy (s.a.)
(3rd time)
17 Jan 1872 - 27 Feb 1872 John Jennings Kendall (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
27 Feb 1872 - 17 Feb 1873 John Pope Hennessey (b. 1834 - d. 1891)
17 Feb 1873 - 17 Mar 1873 Robert William Keate (b. 1814 - d. 1873)
17 Mar 1873 - 28 Aug 1873 Robert William Harley (b. 1829 - d. 1892)
(remained in Gold Coast)
+ Alexander Bravo (b. 1829 - d. 1902)
(acting)
28 Aug 1873 - 14 Aug 1874 George Berkeley (b. 1819 - d. 1905)
14 Aug 1874 - 14 Feb 1875 George French (acting) (b. 1817 - d. 1881)
14 Feb 1875 - 3 Jul 1875 Cornelius Hendrickson Kortright (b. 1817 - d. 1899)
(1st time)
3 Jul 1875 - Jul 1876 Samuel Rowe (1st time)(acting) (b. 1835 - d. 1888)
Jul 1876 - Mar 1877 Cornelius Hendrickson Kortright (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Mar 1877 - 2 Sep 1877 Horatio James Huggins (acting) (b. 1811 - d. 1886)
2 Sep 1877 - 4 May 1880 Samuel Rowe (2nd time) (s.a.)
(from 21 Apr 1880, Sir Samuel Rowe)
4 May 1880 - May 1881 William Warren Streeten (acting) (b. 1835 - d. 1890)
May 1881 - 27 Jun 1881 Francis Frederick Pinkett (b. 1838 - d 1887)
(1st time)(acting)
27 Jun 1881 - Apr 1883 Arthur Elibank Havelock (1st time) (b. 1844 - d. 1908)
Apr 1883 - 28 Aug 1883 Francis Frederick Pinkett (s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
28 Aug 1883 - Jan 1884 Arthur Elibank Havelock (2nd time) (s.a.)
Jan 1884 - Mar 1884 Arthur Mills Tarleton (acting) (b. 1848 - d. 1884)
Mar 1884 - 9 Sep 1884 Arthur Elibank Havelock (3rd time) (s.a.)
9 Sep 1884 - 11 Feb 1885 Francis FrederickPinkett (s.a.)
(3rd time) (acting)
11 Feb 1885 - 5 Jul 1886 Sir Samuel Rowe (3rd time) (s.a.)
5 Jul 1886 - 27 Nov 1887 James Shaw Hay (acting) (1st time) (b. 1839 - d. 1924)
27 Nov 1887 - 5 Aug 1888 Sir Samuel Rowe (4th time) (s.a.)
5 Aug 1888 - 24 Oct 1888 John Meredith Maltby (1st time) (b. 1845 - d. ....)
(acting)
24 Oct 1888 - 27 Apr 1889 James Shaw Hay (2nd time) (s.a.)
(from 24 May 1889, Sir James Shaw Hay)
(acting to 22 Dec 1888)
27 Apr 1889 - 10 Jul 1889 William Gordon Patchett (acting) (b. 1848 - d. 1912)
10 Jul 1889 - 20 Nov 1889 Sydney Francis Foster (acting)
20 Nov 1889 - 13 Feb 1890 John Meredith Maltby (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
13 Feb 1890 - 21 Apr 1891 Sir James Shaw Hay (3rd time) (s.a.)
21 Apr 1891 - 21 Jan 1892 John Joseph Crooks (1st time) (b. 1842 - d. 1928)
(acting)
21 Jan 1892 - 16 May 1892 Sir William H. Quayle Jones (b. 1854 - d. 1924)
(1st time)(acting)
16 May 1892 - 27 Apr 1893 Sir Francis Fleming (1st time) (b. 1842 - d. 1922)
27 Apr 1893 - 8 Nov 1893 John Joseph Crooks (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
8 Nov 1893 - 31 Jan 1894 Sir Francis Fleming (2nd time) (s.a.)
31 Jan 1894 - 14 Mar 1894 John Joseph Crooks (3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
14 Mar 1894 - Jun 1895 Frederic Cardew (1st time) (b. 1839 - d. 1921)
(acting to 3 Dec 1894)
Jun 1895 - Dec 1895 James Edward Wilmot Smyth Caulfield(b. 1850 - d. 1912)
(1st time) (acting)
Dec 1895 - May 1897 Frederic Cardew (2nd time) (s.a.)
(from 22 Jun 1897, Sir Frederic Cardew)
May 1897 - 5 Aug 1897 James Edward Wilmot Smyth Caulfield(s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
5 Aug 1897 - 10 Sep 1897 James Casamaijor Gore (acting) (b. 1852 - d. 1926)
10 Sep 1897 - Apr 1899 Sir Frederic Cardew (3rd time) (s.a.)
Apr 1899 - Oct 1899 Matthew Nathan (acting) (b. 1862 - d. 1939)
Oct 1899 - 26 Nov 1900 Sir Frederic Cardew (4th time) (s.a )
26 Nov 1900 - 11 Dec 1900 James Edward Wilmot Smyth Caulfield(s.a.)
(3rd time) (acting)
11 Dec 1900 - 3 Oct 1904 Sir Charles Anthony King-Harman (b. 1851 - d. 1939)
18 Sep 1902 - 4 Oct 1902 John Willoughby Astley Marshall (b. 1854 - d. 1921)
(acting for King-Harman)
3 Oct 1904 - 1910 Leslie Probyn (b. 1862 - d. 1938)
(from 9 Nov 1909, Sir Leslie Probyn)
29 Apr 1911 - 1913 Sir Edward Marsh Merewether (b. 1858 - d. 1939)
(1st time)
1913 Alfred Claud Hollis (acting) (b. 1874 - d. 1961)
Feb 1913 - 1916 Sir Edward Marsh Merewether (s.a.)
(2nd time)
9 Mar 1916 - 1921 Sir Richard James Wilkinson (b. 1867 - d. 1941)
(1st time)
1921 James Crawford Maxwell (acting) (b. 1869 - d. 1932)
1921 - 4 May 1922 Sir Richard James Wilkinson (s.a.)
(2nd time)
4 May 1922 - 24 Sep 1927 Alexander Ransford Slater (b. 1874 - d. 1940)
(from 1 Jan 1924, Sir Alexander Ransford Slater)
24 Sep 1927 - 1929 Sir Joseph Aloysius Byrne (b. 1874 - d. 1942)
(1st time)
1929 - 1930 Mark Aitchison Young (acting) (b. 1886 - d. 1974)
1930 Sir Joseph Aloysius Byrne (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Dec 1930 - 1931 Claude Edward Cookson (acting) (b. 1879 - d. 1963)
23 May 1931 � 17 Jul 1934 Arnold Wienholt Hodson (b. 1881 - d. 1944)
(from 1 Jan 1932, Sir Arnold Wienholt Hodson)
1934 Thomas Nelson Goddard (acting) (b. 1889 - d. 1935)
17 Jul 1934 - 21 May 1937 Henry Monck-Mason Moore (b. 1887 - d. 1964)
(from 3 Jun 1935, Sir Henry Monck-Mason Moore)
21 May 1937 - 5 Jul 1941 Douglas James Jardine (b. 1888 - d. 1946)
(from 9 Jun 1938, Sir Douglas James Jardine)
5 Jul 1941 - Oct 1947 Sir Hubert Craddock Stevenson (b. 1888 - d. 1971)
15 Feb 1948 - 15 Mar 1948 Ragnar Hyne (acting) (b. 1893 - d. 1966)
4 Sep 1948 - 28 Feb 1953 Sir George Beresford-Stooke (b. 1897 - d. 1983)
19 Jul 1952 - 6 Oct 1952 Allan Ronald MacDonald (b. 1906 - d. 1984)
(acting for Beresford-Stooke)
28 Feb 1953 - 18 Apr 1953 Allan Ronald MacDonald (acting) (s.a.)
18 Apr 1953 - 1 Sep 1956 Robert de Zouche Hall (b. 1904 - d. 1995)
(from 1 Jun 1953, Sir Robert de Zouche Hall)
1 Sep 1956 - 27 Apr 1961 Maurice Henry Dorman (b. 1902 - d. 1993)
(from 1 Jan 1957, Sir Maurice Henry Dorman)
Queen�
27 Apr 1961 - 19 Apr 1971 the Queen of the United Kingdom
Governors-General and Commanders-in-Chief of Sierra Leone
(representing the British monarch as head of state)
27 Apr 1961 - 5 May 1962 Sir Maurice Henry Dorman (s.a.)
5 May 1962 - 22 Apr 1968 Henry Josiah Lightfoot Boston (b. 1898 - d. 1969)
(from 6 Jul 1962, Sir Henry Josiah Lightfoot Boston)
(acting to 11 Jul 1962; suspended from 23 Mar 1967)
Chairmen of the National Reformation Council
23 Mar 1967 - 28 Mar 1967 Leslie William Leigh (acting) (b. 1921 - d. 1980) Mil
28 Mar 1967 - 18 Apr 1968 Andrew Terence Juxon-Smith (b. 1933 - d. 1970) Mil
Chairman of the Anti-Corruption Revolutionary Movement
18 Apr 1968 - 19 Apr 1968 Patrick Saidu Conteh Mil
Chairman of the National Interim Council
19 Apr 1968 - 23 Apr 1968 John Amadu Bangura (b. 1930 - d. 1970) Mil
Governors-General and Commanders-in-Chief of Sierra Leone
(representing the British monarch as head of state)
23 Apr 1968 - 31 Mar 1971 Banja Tejan-Sie (b. 1917 - d. 2000)
(from 21 Oct 1970, Sir Banja Tejan-Sie)
(acting to 29 Sep 1970)
31 Mar 1971 - 18 Apr 1971 Christopher Okoro Elnathan Eustace (b. 1921 - d.af.1990)Non-party
Cole (acting)
Presidents
19 Apr 1971 - 21 Apr 1971 Christopher Okoro Elnathan Eustace (s.a.) Non-party
Cole
21 Apr 1971 - 28 Nov 1985 Siaka Probyn Stevens (b. 1905 - d. 1988) APC
28 Nov 1985 - 29 Apr 1992 Joseph Saidu Momoh (b. 1937 - d. 2003) APC
Chairman of the National Provisional Defense Council
30 Apr 1992 - 1 May 1992 James Yahya Kanu (b. 19.. - d. 1992) Mil
Chairman of the National Provisional Ruling Council
1 May 1992 - 6 May 1992 Valentine Esegragbo Melvine (b. 1967) Mil
Strasser
Heads of State
6 May 1992 - 16 Jan 1996 Valentine Esegragbo Melvine (s.a.) Mil
Strasser
17 Jan 1996 - 29 Mar 1996 Julius Maada Wonie Bio (b. 1964) Mil
President
29 Mar 1996 - 25 May 1997 Ahmad Tejan Kabbah (1st time) (b. 1932 - d. 2014) SLPP
Chairman of the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council
26 May 1997 - 17 Jun 1997 Johnny Paul Koroma (b. 1960 - d. 2003) Mil
Head of State
17 Jun 1997 - 13 Feb 1998 Johnny Paul Koroma (s.a.) Mil
Presidents
13 Feb 1998 - 17 Sep 2007 Ahmad Tejan Kabbah (2nd time) (s.a.) SLPP
17 Sep 2007 - 4 Apr 2018 Ernest Bai Koroma (b. 1953) APC
4 Apr 2018 - Julius Maada Wonie Bio (s.a.) SLPP
Leader of Government Business
Nov 1951 - 9 Jul 1954 Milton Augustus Strieby Margai (b. 1895 - d. 1964) SLPP
Chief minister
9 Jul 1954 - 14 Aug 1958 Milton Augustus Strieby Margai (s.a.) SLPP
Premier
14 Aug 1958 - 9 Jul 1960 Milton Augustus Strieby Margai (s.a.) SLPP
(from 1 Jan 1959, Sir Milton Augustus Strieby Margai)
Prime ministers
9 Jul 1960 - 28 Apr 1964 Sir Milton Augustus Strieby Margai (s.a.) SLPP
29 Apr 1964 - 21 Mar 1967 Albert Michael Margai (b. 1910 - d. 1980) SLPP
(from 9 Jun 1965, Sir Albert Michael Margai)
21 Mar 1967 (minutes) Siaka Probyn Stevens (1st time) (s.a.) APC
21 Mar 1967 - 23 Mar 1967 David Lansana (army chief) (b. 1922 - d. 1975) Mil
23 Mar 1967 - 27 Mar 1967 Ambrose Patrick Genda (b. 1927 - d. 2015) Mil
(chairman National Reformation Council)
27 Mar 1967 - 18 Apr 1968 Andrew Terence Juxon-Smith (s.a.) Mil
(chairman National Reformation Council)
18 Apr 1968 - 26 Apr 1968 Patrick Saidu Conteh Mil
(chairman National Interim Council)
26 Apr 1968 - 21 Apr 1971 Siaka Probyn Stevens (2nd time) (s.a.) APC
21 Apr 1971 - 8 Jul 1975 Sorie Ibrahim Koroma (b. 1930 - d. 1994) APC
8 Jul 1975 - 15 Jun 1978 Christian Alusine Kamara-Taylor (b. 1917 - d. 1985) APC
Chairmen of the Council of State Secretaries
14 Jul 1992 - Nov 1992 John Benjamin (b. 1952) Mil
Nov 1992 - 5 Jul 1993 Solomon Anthony James Musa (b. 1966 - d. 1999) Mil
5 Jul 1993 - 31 Mar 1995 Julius Maada Bio (s.a.) Mil
31 Mar 1995 - 29 Mar 1996 Akim Gibril (b. 1946) Mil
Chief ministers
8 May 2018 - 30 Apr 2021 David John Francis (b. 1965) SLPP
30 Apr 2021 - 10 Jul 2023 Jacob Jusu Saffa (b. 1964) SLPP
10 Jul 2023 - David Moinina Senge (b. 1987) SLPP
Revolutionary United Front of Sierra Leone 1991-2002 (in rebellion, in the interior)
![[Revolutionary United Front
(RUF) flag, 1991-2007 (Sierra Leone)]](http://www.worldstatesmen.org/sl-ruf.gif)
Commanders
23 Mar 1991 - 20 Aug 2000 Foday Saybana Sankoh (b. 1937 - d. 2003) RUF
(imprisoned in Nigeria, then Sierra Leone
2 Mar 1997 - 19 Apr 1999; prisoner
in Sierra Leone from 17 May 2000)
Mar 1997 - Apr 1999 Sam Bockarie (acting for Sankoh) (b. 1964 - d. 2003) RUF
20 Aug 2000 - 18 Jan 2002 Issa Hassan Sesay (interim) (b. 1970) RUF
ECOWAS and United Nations Peacekeeping Missions
**Commanders, Economic Community of West African States Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG)
Peacekeeping Force in Sierra Leone
1998 Abdul-One Mohammed
1999 Felix Agho Mujakperuo (Nigeria) (b. 1946) Mil
1999 Maxwell Mitikishe Khobe (Nigeria) (b. 1920 - d. 2000) Mil
2000 Abu Ahmadu (Nigeria)
2000 - Apr 2000 Gabriel Atondo Kpamber (Nigeria) (b. 19.. - d. 2016) Mil
Special Representatives of the Secretary-General and Chiefs of Mission of the
United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL)
Dec 1999 - Jul 2003 Oluyemi Adeniji (Nigeria) (b. 1934 - d. 2017)
Jul 2003 - Dec 2003 Alan Claude Doss (U.K.) (acting) (b. 1945)
(officer-in-charge)
Dec 2003 - Dec 2005 Daudi Ngelautwa Mwakawago (b. 1939)
(Tanzania)
Force Commanders of the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL)
Dec 1999 - Sep 2000 Vijay Kumar Jetley (India) Mil
Sep 2000 - Nov 2000 Mohammed A. Garba (Nigeria)(acting) Mil
Nov 2000 - Sep 2003 Daniel Ishmael Opande (Kenya) (b. 1943) Mil
Sep 2003 - Sep 2005 Sajjad Akram (Pakistan) (b. 1954) Mil
(acting top 1 Oct 2003)
�Full style:
(a) 27 Apr 1961 - 4 Jan 1962: "By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith";
(b) 4 Jan 1962 - 19 Apr 1971: "Queen of Sierra Leone and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth".
Territorial Disputes: Sierra Leone opposes Guinean troops' continued occupation of Yenga, a small village on the Makona River that serves as a border with Guinea; Guinea's forces came to Yenga in 1998 to help the Sierra Leonean military to suppress rebels and to secure their common border but have remained there even after both countries signed a 2005 agreement acknowledging that Yenga belonged to Sierra Leone; in 2012, the two sides signed a declaration to demilitarize the area.
Party abbreviations: APC = All People's Congress (democratic-socialist, nationalist, only legal party 1978-1992, split from SLPP, est.1962); SLPP = Sierra Leone People's Party (centrist, social democratic, est.1951); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: RUF = Revolutionary United Front (originally Foday Sankoh personalist, armed militant group until 2002, political party as Revolutionary United Front Party, 1991-2007)
Sierra Leone Protectorate
31 Aug 1896 Hinterland (all area of modern Sierra Leone, except the
Freetown Peninsula, the Bonthe township on the Sherbro Island,
the Banana Islands and few other islands) becomes a British
protectorate (Sierra Leone Protectorate).
1946 - 1959 Administered by a Chief commissioner, subordinated to the
governor in Freetown.
7 Apr 1961 Sierra Leone Colony and Sierra Leone Protectorate are united
as an independent state (Sierra Leone).
Chief Commissioners
1946 - 1947 James Stevenson Fenton (b. 1891 - d. 1975)
1947 - 1949 Logie Weir Wilson (b. 1894 - d. 1961)
1949 - 1959 Hubert Childs (b. 1905 - d. 1983)
British West Africa
![[Flag of British West
Africa Settlements 1870-1888]](http://www.worldstatesmen.org/gb-wab.gif)
1870 - 28 Nov 1888
17 Oct 1821 British West African Territories (all British forts and settlements
in British West Africa merged: Gambia, Gold Coast, and Sierra
Leone (s.a.); administered by from Freetown by a Governor-in-
chief)
13 Jan 1850 Dissolved.
19 Feb 1866 British West African Settlements (federation of Gambia, Gold Coast,
Lagos, and Sierra Leone).
24 Jul 1874 Gold Coast (with Lagos to 13 Jan 1886) made a separate colony.
17 Dec 1874 British West Africa Settlements (Sierra Leone and Gambia only).
28 Nov 1888 Dissolved, Gambia and Sierra Leone made separate colonies.
Governors-in-chief
17 Oct 1821 - 13 Jan 1850the governors of Sierra Leone (s.a.)
13 Jan 1850 - 19 Feb 1866 Post abolished
19 Feb 1866 - 24 Nov 1888 the governors of Sierra Leone (s.a.)
� Ben Cahoon