211 B.C. - events and references (original) (raw)

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ROM {March -R} The senate debates the conduct of the war, and makes the capture of Capua its main objective for the coming year.
@ +Liv_26.1'1-2'6.

Cn.Fulvius goes into exile after being accused by the tribune Sempronius Blaesus of negligence in the previous year.
@ +Liv_26.2'7-3'12.

SIC << The Carthaginian admiral Bomilcar declines battle against the Roman fleet off Sicily.
@ ~Liv_25.27'1-3; { CAH_8'65.}

SPA ?? The Scipio brothers establish a Roman colony at Tarraco.
@ Plin:HN_3'21; { ~ OCD�.}

The defeat and death of P.Scipio.
* Read Livy's account
@ Polyb_9.22'3; ~Liv_25.32'1-34'14,* 27.44'6, 28.43'10; ValMax_3.7'1;(?)Frontin:Str_1.5'12; Silius_13'654-657, '669-686; Flor_1.33'6; Appian:Hisp_16; +Eutrop_3.14'2; ~Oros_4.17'12; ~Zonar_9'5;(p175) { CAH_8'59; OCD�.}

ROM ?? The daughter of Cn.Scipio receives a dowry at public expense.
* Read Zonaras' account
@ ValMax_4.4'10; Sen:Dial_12.12'6; Frontin:Str_4.3'4; AmmMarc_14.6'11; Zonar_9'3.* (p167)

SPA The defeat and death of Cn.Scipio.
* Read Livy's account
@ Polyb_8.38'1, 9.22'3; ~Liv_25.35'1-36'16,* 27.44'6, 28.43'10; ValMax_3.7'1; Silius_13'687-695; Flor_1.33'6; Appian:Hisp_16; +Eutrop_3.14'2; AmmMarc_31.13'7; ~Oros_4.17'12; ~Zonar_9'5;(p175) { CAH_8'59; OCD�.}

ITA Hannibal attacks the Roman army at Capua, but fails to dislodge it.
* Read Polybius' account
@ ~Polyb_9.3'1-5'6;* +Liv_26.4'1-6'17; Frontin:Str_4.7'29; Silius_12'479-506; Appian:Hann_38'

SIC << The Roman sympathiser Nicias escapes from his enemies at Enguion.
@ ~Plut:Marc_20'1-11.

GRE << The Aetolians enter into an alliance with the Romans, along with Attalus of Pergamon.
* Read Livy's account
@ BD_32; Polyb_21.20'3, 22.8'10; ~Liv_26.24'1-16,* 37.53'7-8; Silius_15'286-290; Just_29.4'5; Trog:Prol_29; Julian:Caes_324'B; ~Eutrop_3.14'4; !Hieron:Chron_1808; ~Zonar_9'6;(p187) { CAH_8'99-100; Errington_p188.}

EGY ?? Archimedes visits Egypt and invents "Archimedes' Screw".
@ Diod_1.34'2, 5.37'3-4.

SIC ?? Archimedes constructs a globe which represents the movements of the heavenly bodies.
@ Cic:Rep_1'21-22, '28, :Tusc_1'63; Ovid:Fast_6'277-280.

?? Archimedes requests that his tombstone shows his discovery of the ratio of the volumes of a cylinder circumscribing a sphere.
* Read Plutarch's account
@ Cic:Tusc_5'64, '66; Plut:Marc_17'12.*

++ General remarks on the character and achievements of Archimedes.
* Read Plutarch's account
@ Cic:Acad_2'116; Plut:Marc_17'5-11,* :Mor_786'C, 1093'E, 1094'B.

Marcellus captures Syracuse; the death of Archimedes.
* Read Livy's account
@ ~Polyb_9.10'1-13; Cic:Verr_2.2'4, '50, 4'115-116, '120-123, '130-131, '151, :Rep_1'21, :Fin_5'50; Diod_26.20'1-2; ~Liv_25.28'1-31'15,* 26.30'6-10, 31'4, 31.31'8; ValMax_5.1'4, 8.7e'7; Plin:HN_7'125; Silius_14'627-683; Plut:Marc_19'7-12, 21'1-7; Flor_1.22'33-34; Julian:Or_1.29'C; +Eutrop_3.14'3; !Hieron:Chron_1804; August:DeCiv_1'6, 3'14;(↓) +Oros_4.17'1; +Zonar_9'5;(p177) { CAH_8'61; OCD�=212.}

SPA The Roman survivors in Spain, led by L.Marcius, defeat Hasdrubal son of Gisgo.
* Read Livy's account
@ ~Liv_25.37'1-39'18,* 26.37'8, 28.28'13; ValMax_1.6'2, 2.7'15, 8.15'11; Plin:HN_2'241, 35'14; Frontin:Str_2.6'2, 10'2; Silius_13'697-702; { CAH_8'59.}

GRE An abortive attack by the Aetolians on Acarnania.
* Read Polybius' account
@ Polyb_9.40'4-6;* ~Liv_26.25'1-17; ~Zonar_9'6;(p187) { CAH_8'102; Green_703.}

ROM The senate instructs the consuls to proceed with the siege of Capua, but to send troops for the protection of Rome.
* Read Livy's account
@ ~Polyb_9.9'6-8; +Liv_26.7'1-8'11,* 28.41'13; Frontin:Str_3.13'2, 18'3; ~Zonar_9'6.(p179)

ITA Hannibal marches on Rome.
* Read Polybius' account
@ ~Polyb_9.5'7-6'9,* 15.7'3; Nepos_23.5'1; +Liv_26.9'1-10'10, 41'12, 30.30'17; ValMax_3.7'10; Silius_12'507-573, 17'497-499; Flor_1.22'42-44; Appian:Hann_38-39; [Vict]:VirIll_42'6; +Eutrop_3.14'1; +Oros_4.17'2-3; ~Zonar_9'6;(p179) { CAH_8'54; OCD�.}

ROM A storm ends a battle between Hannibal and the Romans near Rome.
* Read Polybius' account
@ ~Polyb_9.7'1-10;* +Liv_26.11'1-13; Frontin:Str_3.18'1-2; Silius_1'134-137, 12'574-13'93, 17'324-327; Juvenal_7'163-164; Flor_1.22'44-48; Appian:Hann_40-43; [Vict]:VirIll_42'6; +Eutrop_3.14'1; +Oros_4.17'4-11; ~Zonar_9'6.(p181)

SIC ++ General remarks on Marcellus' successful campaign in Sicily.
* Read Livy's account
@ Liv_27.8'15, 29.1'12-13,* 31.31'9; Silius_15'356-358.

Marcellus defeats the Carthaginians by the river Himera; the completion of the Roman reconquest of Sicily.
* Read Livy's account
@ Polyb_9.22'4; ~Liv_25.40'1-41'7,* 26.41'15; Appian:Sic_5;(7) ~Zonar_9'6;(p179) { CAH_8'61; OCD�.}

ITA The Romans capture Capua, and punish their opponents in the city.
* Read Livy's account
@ Ennius:Ann_289-290; Vell_1.7'4<q"Cato:Orig_3'1>;Cic:LegAgr_1'20, 2'88, '90; +Liv_26.12'1-16'13,* 33'4-13, 31.31'14, 39.37'10-12; ValMax_2.3'3, 3.2e'1, 8'1, 5.2'1; Silius_13'94-381, '450-465; Flor_1.22'41-42; Appian:Hann_43; +Hieron:Chron_1805; ~Oros_4.17'12; ~Zonar_9'6;(p181-3) { CAH_8'54; OCD�.}

A Carthaginian fleet joins in the blockade of the Roman garrison at Tarentum.
* Read Livy's account
@ ~Polyb_9.9'11; +Liv_26.20'7-11;* { CAH_8'54.}

ROM Marcellus celebrates an ovation for his victories in Sicily.
* Read Livy's account
@ +Liv_26.21'1-17;* ValMax_2.8'5; Plut:Marc_22'1-6, 33'6; [Vict]:VirIll_45'6; AmmMarc_28.4'23; { OCD�.}

Q.Fulvius is denied a triumph over the Capuans, because he had suppressed a rebellion without gaining any new territory.
@ ValMax_2.8'4.

T.Manlius Torquatus, although enjoying great popular support, stands down from the consular elections because of his failing eyesight.
* Read Livy's account
@ +Liv_26.22'1-23'2,* 27.34'10; ValMax_6.4'1; ~Zonar_9'5.(p179)

ROM ?? Sp.Carvilius, a freedman, opens the first grammar school at Rome.
* Read Plutarch's account
@ Plut:Mor_277'D,* 278'E; { He was the freedman of Sp.Carvilius, who divorced his wife in 231 B.C.}

ITA >> The young P.Scipio visits the Sibyl at Cumae.
@ ~Silius_13'382-895.

PEL ?? P.Valerius takes hostages from Epidaurus.
@ Frontin:Str_2.11'1; { "P.Valerius" is possibly an error for M.Valerius Laevinus, who was consul in 210 B.C.}

ROM >> C.Claudius, a priest of Jupiter, is forced to resign after setting out a victim's entrails incorrectly.
* Read Livy's account
@ +Liv_26.23'4-8;* ValMax_1.1'4; Plut:Marc_5'5.

>> The praetor C.Calpurnius Piso refuses to allow a son of Terentius to disinherit his father.
@ ValMax_7.7'5; { For Piso as urban praetor, see eg. Liv.25.41'12-13.}