239 B.C. - events and references (original) (raw)
Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event
1
AFR The mercenaries slaughter their prisoners.
* Read Polybius' account
@ ~Polyb_1.79'8-81'11;* Diod_25.3'1.
1a
EGY {19 Tybi -E = March} Document: AET_6.5'A, a matrimonial property contract from Hawara.
2
GRE ?? New springs of water suddenly appear at Aedepsus in Euboea and Methana in the Peloponnese.
* Read Athenaeus' account
@ Paus_2.34'1; Athen_3.73'c-d.*
3
AEG ?? A plague of hares on the island of Astypalaea.
@ Athen_9.400'd-e.
4
MAC ?? Antigonus praises the philosopher Lycon.
@ DiogLaert_5'65.
4a
GRE ?? Document: Syll_461, a decree of the Amphictyons in honour of Lycon.
4c
?? Document: Syll_480, an Aetolian decree concerning the rights of foreigners in Delphi.
4e
?? Document: Syll_472, a decree of Messene confirming shared citizenship with Phigaleia.
4f
AEG ?? Document: IG_11.4.1052, a decree of Syros in honour of an adjudicator sent by Antigonus.
4g
?? Document: SEG_44.710, a decree of Cimolos in honour of a judge sent at the bidding of Antigonus.
5
MAC ?? Cleanthes gives frank replies to Antigonus' questions.
* Read Diogenes' account
@ Plut:Mor_830'C-D; DiogLaert_7'169;* Suda_K'1711.
6
?? Other sayings of Antigonus.
* Read Plutarch's account
@ Sen:Dial_5.22'2-5, :Ben_2.17'1-2; Plut:Mor_183'D.*
7
?? A retort of the poet Antagoras to Antigonus, about his cooking in camp.
* Read Plutarch's account
@ Plut:Mor_182'F, 668'C-D;* (Q4.4) Athen_8.340'f.
8
?? The Spartans punish an ambassador for addressing Antigonus as king.
@ Plut:Mor_233'E.
9
?? Theodorus of Larissa, a water-drinker, is consistently hostile to Antigonus.
@ Athen_2.44'b.
10
++ Aristogenes of Cnidus is a slave of Chrysippus, and doctor to Antigonus.
@ Suda_A'3911.
11
++ Antigonus is a patron of poets.
@ Paus_1.2'3.
12
++ General comments on the policy of Antigonus towards the Greek states.
* Read Polybius' account
@ Polyb_2.41'10, 43'7-10;* Plut:Arat_43'2.
13
The death of Antigonus Gonatas.
@ ~Plut:Arat_34'1; Lucian:Macr_11; +[Euseb]:Chron_237, 241, 243; !Hieron:Chron_1774; ExcBarb_44A; ChronSynt_90;(↓) { CAH_7.1'255; Errington_p94.}
14
GRE ++ General comments on the life and character of the cynic philosopher Menippus.
* Read Diogenes' account
@ Lucian:DMort_1'1-4, 2'1-2, 3'1-2, 10'2, '9-13, 22'1-3 :Nec_1-22; DiogLaert_6'99,* '100.
15
?? The death of Menippus.
@ DiogLaert_6'100; { ~ OCD�.}
16
EPI ?? Stratagems of Alexander, king of Epirus.
* Read Frontinus' account
@ Frontin:Str_2.5'10,* 3.4'5; { CAH_7.1'446; Errington_p94.}
17
?? Alexander rebukes the flattery of Nicesias, while suffering the side-effects of some medicine.
@ Athen_6.251'c.
18
?? Egyptian bean plants start growing spontaneously in part of Thesprotia.
@ Athen_3.73'b-c<q"Phylarch_65>.
19
AFR The Carthaginians make Hamilcar their sole general.
* Read Polybius' account
@ ~Polyb_1.82'1-7;* ~Diod_25.3'1.
19b
ASI ?? Document: Austin_179a,B a letter from Seleucus II to Olympichus, about the sanctuary at Labraunda in Caria.
20
GLT << **Seleucus II is defeated by Antiochus and the Galatians at Ancyra; he escapes but his concubine Mysta is captured.**
* Read Justin's account
@ Athen_13.577'f, 593'e<q"Phylarch_30>;Plut:Mor_184'A, 489'A-B, 508'D-E; Polyaen_4.9'6, 8.61'1; ~Just_27.2'10-12,* 41.4'7; ~[Euseb]:Chron_251;(↓) { CAH_7.1'423; Errington_p123.}
21
AFR Utica revolts from Carthage.
* Read Polybius' account
@ ~Polyb_1.82'8-13;* ~Diod_25.3'2.
22
Carthage appeals to Hieron for help against the mercenaries.
@ ~Polyb_1.83'1-4.
23
The Carthaginians appeal to the Romans for help against the mercenaries.
* Read Polybius' account
@ ~Polyb_1.83'5-11,* 3.28'3; Nepos_22.2'3; Liv_21.41'12; Appian:Sic_2'10,(4) :Pun_5; { CAH_7.2'671.}
24
The mercenaries reject Roman mediators.
* Read Zonaras' account
@ Appian:Sic_2'11,(4) :Pun_5; ~Zonar_8'17.* (p17)
25
NUM << **The birth of Masinissa, son of Gala.**
* Read Diodorus' account
@ ~Polyb_36.16'5; ~Cic:Sen_34; ~Diod_32.16'1;* Liv_24.49'1<+v>; ~[Liv]:Per_50; ValMax_5.2e'4, 8.13e'1; Plin:HN_7'61; Plut:Mor_791'F; Lucian:Macr_17; Eutrop_4.11'1; { OCD�.}
26
IT+ >> The Romans found a colony at Valentia.
@ ~Vell_1.14'8.
27
ROM >> The birth of the poet Ennius.
* Read Cicero's account
@ +Cic:Brut_72,* +:Tusc_1'3; +Gell_17.21'43; +Hieron:Chron_1777; { CAH_7.2'671; OCD�.}