279 B.C. - events and references (original) (raw)

Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event

{Hathyr - E = January} Ptolemy Philadelphus attends the inauguration of a temple in Pithom.
@ +THI_258'7-10; { Hölbl_p84.}

ROM {1 February -R} The triumph of Coruncanius, over the inhabitants of Vulsinii and Vulci.
@ #FastTr_p97.

GRE {19 Munichion -G = April/May} Document: IG_2³.884, an Athenian decree in honour of a cavalry commander on the island of Lemnos.

MAC The Gauls invade Macedonia; Ptolemy Ceraunus rejects an offer of help from the Dardani.
* Read Justin's account
@ Polyb_4.46'1; Liv_38.16'1-2; Paus_1.4'1, 10.19'6-7; Polyaen_7.35'1; Just_24.4'1, ~'6-5'4;* { ~CAH_7.1'115; Green_693.}

MAC << Ptolemy Ceraunus promises to marry Arsinoe, but murders her children after entering Cassandreia.
* Read Justin's account
@ Memn_8'7; Plut:Mor_112'A; Just_24.2'1-3'9;* Trog:Prol_24; { CAH_7.1'114; Errington_p80.}

<< War between Ptolemy Ceraunus and Ptolemaeus the son of Lysimachus.
@ Trog:Prol_24.

<< Ptolemy Ceraunus has a nightmare that he has been summoned to judgement for the murder of Seleucus.
@ Plut:Mor_555'B.(10)

Ptolemy Ceraunus is defeated and killed by the Gauls; Meleager is made king of Macedonia.
* Read Justin's account
@ Polyb_9.35'4; Diod_22.3'1-2; Memn_8'8; Plut:Pyrrh_22'2; Paus_1.16'2, 10.19'7-12; Just_24.3'10, 5'5-11;* Trog:Prol_24; +[Euseb]:Chron_235, 237, 241, 243; !Hieron:Chron_1736; Malal_196; Vit:Arat_3'p15; { CAH_7.1'115; Errington_p80-81.}

GRE << At the proposal of Demochares, the Athenians pass a decree in honour of Demosthenes.
* Read Plutarch's account
@ ~Plut:Dem_30'5, :Mor_847'D, 850'F-851'C;* { CAH_7.1'499; the Athenian archon was Gorgias.}

<< Cleanthes arrives at Athens and becomes a pupil of Zenon the Stoic.
* Read Diogenes' account
@ Plut:Mor_47'E; DiogLaert_7'168,* ~'176; Suda_K'1711, Ph'696; { Cleanthes spent 19 years as a follower of Zenon.}

PON << Hermogenes, a general of Antiochus, is defeated and killed while attacking Bithynia.
@ ~Memn_9'1-2.

EGY ?? Philon gives to Berenice a sample of topazus, a precious stone from the island of Cytis.
@ Plin:HN_37'108.

<< The death of Berenice I, queen of Egypt.
@ Theoc_17'45-50; { Hölbl_p94.}

?? The Greeks start to make up topics to use as rhetorical exercises.
@ Quint_2.4'41.

?? Demetrius Phalereus loses and then regains his eyesight.
@ DiogLaert_5'76.

?? Demetrius Phalereus plots against Lycus, the (adoptive) father of the poet Lycophron.
@ Suda_L'814.

?? The death of Demetrius Phalereus.
@ Cic:RabPost_23; DiogLaert_5'78; { ~ OCD�; Green_88.}

?? Ptolemy punishes Zoilus for his outspoken criticism of Homer's poetry.
@ Vitr_7.pr'8-9; { ~ OCD�.}

CYR ?? Sayings of Theodorus the Atheist, addressed to Metrocles and others.
* Read Diogenes' account
@ Plut:Mor_467'B; MinFel:Oct_8'2; DiogLaert_2'99-100,* '102-103.

?? The followers of the philosopher Theodorus form their own sect.
* Read Diogenes' account
@ DiogLaert_2'97;* Suda_S'829, Th'150.

?? The death of Theodorus.
@ Athen_13.611'b; { Theodorus is last mentioned as an envoy from Ptolemy I to Lysimachus; he was possibly an associate of Demetrius Phalareus.}

CIL ?? Apollonius the father of Chrysippus moves from Tarsus to Soli.
@ Strab_14'672;(5.8) { Chrysippus was born around this time - OCD�.}

AEG ?? Document: Austin_155,B a Samian decree in honour of Theocles and Herophantus of Myndus.

PON Death of Zipoetes of Bithynia, who is succeeded by his son Nicomedes.
@ Memn_12'5-6; { CAH_7.1'425; Errington_p115.}

MAC Antipater "Etesias" replaces Meleager as king of Macedonia.
@ +[Euseb]:Chron_235, 237, 241; !~Hieron:Chron_1736; ExcBarb_44A; { Errington_p81; Meleager reigned for just 2 months.}

ITA Pyrrhus invades Apulia, and is confronted by the Roman army.
* Read Zonaras' account
@ DioCass_fr.40'43; +Zonar_8'5;* (p351) { CAH_7.2'472.}

Pyrrhus defeats the Romans at Asculum, but suffers heavy losses.
* Read Dionysius' account
@ Cic:Fin_2'61, :Tusc_1'89; DionHal_20.1'1-3'7;* ~[Liv]:Per_13; Frontin:Str_2.3'21; ~Plut:Pyrrh_21'7-15, :Mor_184'C; Flor_1.13'9-10; Just_18.1'11; Eutrop_2.13'4; Oros_4.1'19-22; +Zonar_8'5;(p353-5) { CAH_7.2'472-473; OCD�.}

THR The Gauls occupy Thrace.
* Read Livy's account
@ Liv_38.16'3,* 17'16; Zonar_9'20;(p323) { CAH_7.1'115, '499; Errington_p82.}

PON Nicomedes of Bithynia forms an alliance with Heracleia to resist attacks by Antiochus.
@ Memn_9'3-4.

ASI War breaks out between Antiochus and Antigonus.
@ Memn_10'1; { This war started before the Gauls crossed over to Asia, probably soon after the death of Ptolemy Ceraunus.}

Warfare (? between Antiochus and Nicomedes) near Cyzicus.
@ ~OGIS_748'9-13<t=B Austin_225>.

<< Philocles captures Caunus for Ptolemy.
@ Polyaen_3.16'1; { Hölbl_p38.}

30a

GRE << Demochares recovers Eleusis, and Olympiodorus defends it against a Macedonian attack.
* Read Plutarch's account
@ THI_118'11-14; Plut:Mor_851'E;* Paus_1.26'3; { perhaps during the reign of Antipater Etesias.}

MAC Sosthenes expels Antipater, and proclaims himself general of the Macedonians, but avoids the title of king.
* Read Justin's account
@ ~Just_24.5'12-14;* [Euseb]:Chron_235, 237, 241; !Hieron:Chron_1736; ExcBarb_44A; ChronSynt_90;(↓) Vit:Arat_3'p15; { Errington_p81; according to Eusebius, Antipater reigned in Macedonia for 45 days.}

The city of Cassandreia is granted its "freedom" by Eurydice.
@ Polyaen_6.7'2; { Before Apollodorus became tyrant of Cassandreia ((Tarn p159)).}

ROM Cn.Domitius, a plebeian censor, completes the census of Roman citizens.
* Read Fasti's account
@ ~FastCap_p52;* ~[Liv]:Per_13.

Mago the Carthaginian admiral offers support to the Romans, and a further treaty is signed between Rome and Carthage.
* Read Polybius' account
@ ~Polyb_3.25'1-6;* ~[Liv]:Per_13, 14; ValMax_3.7'10; ~Just_18.2'1-3, '5; { CAH_7.2'475, '536.}

ITA Mago visits the camp of Pyrrhus on his way back from Rome.
@ ~Just_18.2'4.

MAC Brennus defeats Sosthenes.
@ ~Just_24.6'1-3.

The Greeks attempt to hold back the Gauls at Thermopylae, but are forced to withdraw.
* Read Pausanias' account
@ Paus_1.4'1-3,* 4.28'3, 7.6'7, 15'3, 8.6'3, ~10.20'1-22'1, '8-12; { OCD�.}

GRE A band of Gauls sacks Callion, a town in Aetolia.
@ ~Paus_10.22'2-7; { Errington_p81.}

The Gauls advance into Greece and reach Delphi.
* Read Pausanias' account
@ Callim:Hymn_4'171-184; Polyb_9.35'4; Cic:Font_30; ~Diod_22.9'5; Liv_38.48'2; Strab_4'187-188;(1.13) ValMax_1.1'18; Lucan_5'134-136; Paus_1.4'4, 10.22'12-13;* Polyaen_7.35'2; DioCass_fr.90'1.

A combined Greek army defeats the Gauls near Delphi in a snowstorm, allegedly with divine assistance.
* Read Pausanias' account
@ Syll_398'4-11; FGrH_482'1;Callim:Hymn_4'184-185; Polyb_1.6'5, 2.20'6, 4.46'1; Limenius_31-33; Cic:Div_1'81; ~Diod_22.9'1; Prop_3.13'51-54; Liv_40.58'3; Paus_1.4'4, 10.3'4, 8'3, 23'1-10;* Ampel_32'2; ~Just_24.7'8-8'10, 32.3'6; { CAH_7.1'499; Errington_p82.}

The Aetolians complete the rout of the Gauls, and Brennus the king of the Gauls is killed.
* Read Pausanias' account
@ Syll_398'12-14; Polyb_9.30'3, 35'1; ~Diod_22.9'2-3; ValMax_1.1'18; Paus_6.16'1, 7.18'6, 20'6, 10.16'4, 23'11-14;* ~Just_24.8'11-16, 28.2'5; { ~CAH_7.1'115; Errington_p82.}

EGY {Thoth -E = November} Document: AET_7.8'H, the cession of a house, by the father of the woman selling it.