GASCONY - ATLANTIC COAST (original) (raw)

GASCONY - ATLANTIC COAST

v4.1 Updated 27 July 2024

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1.��������������� SEIGNEURS d'ALBRET**.** 2

Chapter 2.��������������� VICOMTES de DAX**.** 30

A.�������� VICOMTES de DAX**..** 30

B.�������� SEIGNEURS de MIXE et d�OSTABARET**.** 34

C.������� VICOMTES de DAX (SEIGNEURS de MIXE et d�OSTABARET)37

Chapter 3.��������������� VICOMTES de LABOURD, VICOMTES de BAYONNE**.** 38

Chapter 4.��������������� VICOMTES de MAREMNE**.** 44

Chapter 5.��������������� VICOMTES de MARSAN**.** 48

Chapter 6.��������������� VICOMTES d'ORTHE**.** 53

Chapter 7.��������������� VICOMTES de TARTAS**.** 56

Chapter 8.��������������� VICOMTES de TURSAN (MIRAMONT)59

The present document shows the nobility in the western part of Gascony along the Atlantic coast.�

Chapter 1.��� SEIGNEURS d'ALBRET

The family of the seigneurs d�Albret originated in Labrit, a town in Landes south of Bordeaux[1].� The two names appear to have the same etymology, "Albret" presumably representing an evolution in French of the Gascon "Labrit".� The remains of what is thought to have been the Albret castle, probably originally built in [1100] and abandoned in the 16th century, were rediscovered at Labrit by Jean-Bernard Marquette and classified as "monument historique" by order dated 27 Dec 1990[2].� According to Jaurgain, the seigneurs d�Albret were descended from the vicomtes de Bezaume, but his reconstruction appears based only on onomastics rather than any specific primary source[3].� In addition, the reconstruction of the first few generations of this family, as shown in most secondary sources including Jaurgain, is not an accurate reflection of the precise wording of the surviving primary source documentation.� There is a high probability that the individuals named are closely related in the male line, as shown by the onomastics, but the generally accepted reconstruction has in part been deconstructed for the purposes of presentation in the present document.� It is only from Amanieu [VI] Seigneur d�Albret (who died before Sep 1240) that an unbroken line of descent can be traced in the male line until the early 16th century.� Despite the lack of a noble title higher than "sire", the family made judicious marriages into the families of the comtes d�Armagnac, the comtes de la Marche, the ducs de Bourbon in the 13th and14th centuries.� In the mid-15th century, Charles [II] Seigneur d�Albret was invested as comte de Dreux by the king of France, and his descendant Alain (who died in 1522) was made Comte de Castres, de Gavre et de P�rigord.� Alain�s grandson Jean completed the family�s ascent when he married the heiress of the kingdom of Navarre and succeeded as king of Navarre by right of his wife.��

1. AMANIEU [I], son of --- (-after [1030]).� "Bernardus Willelmus comes" confirmed the foundation of Saint-Sever, confirmed by "germano meo Sancio et beat� memori� matre mea Urraca, cum duobus consanguineus nostris Aymone�et Aymonio", by charter dated 3 Apr [1009][4].� According to Jaurgain, "Aymone�et Aymonio" were brothers[5].� Amanieu signed a charter dated to [1030] under which Sancho Guillaume Duke of Gascony donated property to the church of Saint-Andr� de Bordeaux[6].� Jaurgain identifies Amanieu as ancestor of the seigneurs d�Albret[7].�

2. AMANIEU [II] (-after [1050]).� The _Historia Abbati� Condomensis_records that "Amaneus Lebrestensis" claimed "ecclesiam sancti Petri Sanagorensis" during the time of Seguin abbot of Condom (dated to [1050])[8].� The dates of the mentions of Amanieu [I] and Amanieu [II] suggest that they must have been different persons.� Seigneur d'Albret.� m ---.� The name of Amanieu's wife is not known.� Amanieu [I] & his wife had [two] children:�

a) [BERNARD AIZ[I] d'Albret (-after [1097]).� Although Bernard and Guillaume Amanieu are shown to be brothers, by the subscription "Willelmus Amanei, Bernardi fratris eius" of charters of Grande-Sauve dated to [1079/89][9], no primary source has been found which confirms that they were the sons of Amanieu [II] except for the patronymic attributed to Guillaume Amanieu.� Seigneur d'Albret.� "Bernardus Aiz de Lebret cum uxor mea et filiis" donated property to Grande-Sauve by charter dated to [1085][10].]� m ---.� The name of Bernard Aiz's wife is not known.� Bernard Aiz [I] & his wife had three children:�

i) AMANIEU [III] d'Albret (-after [1140]).� "Amaneus de Lebret filius Bernardeizii" subscribed a charter to Saint-Sever dated to [1125][11].� Seigneur d'Albret.�

b) [GUILLAUME AMANIEU d'Albret (-after [1097]).� Although Bernard and Guillaume Amanieu are shown to be brothers, by the subscription "Willelmus Amanei, Bernardi fratris eius" of charters of Grande-Sauve dated to [1079/89][12], no primary source has been found which confirms that they were the sons of Amanieu [II] except for the patronymic attributed to Guillaume Amanieu.� Vicomte de Bezaume.� Comte de Benauges.]�

-������� VICOMTES de BEZAUME.�

1. GUILLAUME AMANIEU (-after [1105]).� According to Jaurgain, Guillaume Amanieu was the son of Bernard Aiz [I] but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[13].�� Seigneur de Brocas.� "Willelmus Amaneus et uxor sua Beliard cum filio suo Arnaldo" donated rights to Saint-Sever by charter dated to [1105][14].� m BELIARDE, daughter of ---.� "Willelmus Amaneus et uxor sua Beliard cum filio suo Arnaldo" donated rights to Saint-Sever by charter dated to [1105][15].� Guillaume Amanieu & his wife had one child:�

a) ARNAUD (-after [1105]).� "Willelmus Amaneus et uxor sua Beliard cum filio suo Arnaldo" donated rights to Saint-Sever by charter dated to [1105][16].�

1. ETIENNE d�Albret (-after 1126).� According to Jaurgain, Etienne was the son of Amanieu [III] but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[17].�� "Stephanus de Lebret archidiaconus Vasalensis qui episcopus fuerat" signed the charter dated 1124 which records the foundation of the monastery of Font-Guilhem[18].�� Archdeacon of Bazas.�

2. BERNARD AIZ [II] d'Albret (-before 1155).� According to Jaurgain, Bernard Aiz [II] was the son of Amanieu [III] but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[19].��Seigneur d'Albret.� According to Jaurgain, Bernard Aiz [II] is named in a charter dated 1140[20].�

3. --- .� Jaurgain states that Amanieu [IV] was the son of Bernard Aiz [II] but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[21].� The chronology is such that he could also have been Amanieu [III] d�Albret (see above).� m --- de B�arn, daughter of GASTON [IV] Vicomte de B�arn & his wife Talesia S�nchez ([1090/1110]-).� The charter dated 1164, under which "Amaneus de Lebreto nepos Gastonis vicecomitis de Bearn" donated "terras suas de Artigavella" to the abbot of Fort-Guilhem[22], appears to confirm that Gaston [IV] was the maternal grandfather of Amanieu [IV] d�Albret although this may not be the only interpretation of "nepos" in this document.�� The name of her husband is not known with certainty.� Jaurgain states that he was Bernard Aiz [II] but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[23].� The chronology is such that her husband could also have been Amanieu [III] d�Albret (see above).� Three children:

a) AMANIEU [IV] d'Albret (-[1187/91]).� Jaurgain states that Amanieu [IV] was the son of Bernard Aiz [II] but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[24].� Seigneur d'Albret.�

-������� see below.�

b) ROGER d'Albret .� Roger d�Albret and his brother Amanieu are named in a charter of Odon [IV] Vicomte de Lomagne dated 1060[25].��

c) REGINE d'Albret (-after 1195).� Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 29 Sep 1195 which records that Amanieu [IV] d�Albret had paid the dowry of "Rogie d�Albret sa s�ur, femme d�Arnaud de Lomagne et m�re d�Odon seigneur de Batz"[26].�� m ARNAUD de Lomagne Seigneur de Batx, son of VEZIAN [I] Vicomte de Lomagne & his wife Beatrix --- (-after 1195).�

AMANIEU[IV] d'Albret, son of --- d�Albret & his wife --- de B�arn (-[1187/91]).� Jaurgain states that Amanieu [IV] was the son of Bernard Aiz [II] but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[27].� Seigneur d'Albret.� "Amaneus de Lebret" donated "la terre o� fur construit le prieur� de Niac" to Grande-Selve by charter dated 1155[28].� "Amaneus de Lebreto nepos Gastonis vicecomitis de Bearn" donated "terras suas de Artigavella" to the abbot of Fort-Guilhem by charter dated 1164[29].�� ["Amaneus de Labret" confirmed rights to Grande-Selve by charter dated 1187[30], although it is uncertain whether this document relates to Amanieu [IV] or Amanieu [V].]�

[According to L�Art de v�rifier les dates, Amanieu [IV]�s testament was dated 2 Aug 1209[31].� This is impossible if his wife�s second marriage is correctly dated to [1186/91] as shown above.� The information available in surviving primary sources appears to be insufficient to decide conclusively whether how many different seigneurs d�Albret named Amanieu lived during the second half of the 12th century.� Jaurgain attempts to resolve the anomaly by stating that the testament was that of "Amanieu V Sire d�Albret" who, he says, was the son of Amanieu [IV].� Unfortunately, Jaurgain also says that this "Amanieu V" was the husband of Almodis d�Angoul�me, presumably unaware of her second marriage.� He cites no primary sources on which he bases his arguments.� Estimating birth date ranges helps only approximately in resolving the problem.� The only reference from which Amanieu [IV]�s birth date can be assessed is the very approximate date assigned to his mother (see above).� The birth date of his supposed wife Almodis d�Angoul�me can be assessed more precisely (see below), and if Amanieu [IV] was born towards the end of the range shown above he would not have been much older than her.� Obviously, the earlier his actual birth date, the greater the age difference, and the more likely that Almodis�s husband was Amanieu [IV]�s son.� Whatever the solution to this conundrum, we are still left with the testament dated 2 Aug 1209 which could not have been that of Almodis�s husband, assuming that her second marriage is correct.]�

m as her first husband, ALMODIS d'Angoul�me, daughter of GUILLAUME VI Comte d'Angoul�me & his second wife Marguerite de Turenne ([1151/52]-).� Her birth date is estimated on the assumption that the birth of her probable son by her first marriage is correctly dated to [1165/70].� Her parentage and first marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 1171 under which "Vuillelmus Talafers comes Engolismensis Vulgrini filius et Margarita uxor mea et filii nostri Vulgrinus scilicet primogenitus noster, Vuillelmus Talafers, Ademarus, Grisetus, Fulco et Almodis filia nostra uxor Amanei de Lebret" transferred rights to Saint-Amant-de-Boixe[32].� She married secondly Bernard [III] Vicomte de Brosse.� Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1186/91] under which "Ademarus comes Engolismensis et soror mea Almodis vicecomitissa de Brozces" donated property to Saint-Amant-de-Boixe[33], and by the charter also dated to [1186/91] under which "Almodis soror Ademari Engolismensis comitis" donated property to Saint-Amant-de-Boixe with the consent of "fratre meo A comite et viro meo Bernardo vicecomite de Brozces"[34].�

Amanieu & his wife had [one] child:�

1. [AMANIEU[V] d'Albret ([1165/70]-after 2 Aug 1209).� ["Amaneus de Labret" confirmed rights to Grande-Selve by charter dated 1187[35], although it is uncertain whether this document relates to Amanieu [IV] or Amanieu [V].]� According to L�Art de v�rifier les dates, the testament of "Amanieu d�Albret" was dated 2 Aug 1209[36].� As noted above, it is not clear to which Seigneur d�Albret this document can refer.� Amanieu [IV], assuming that he was the husband of Almodis d�Angoul�me as shown above, must have died before her second marriage which is dated to [1186/91].� Amanieu [VI], shown below, is recorded as living in the 1230s.� It is chronologically possible for there to have been an intervening generation.� If this is correct, the charter dated 1187, under which "Amaneus de Labret" confirmed rights to Grande-Selve[37], may refer to Amanieu [V] as, if Amanieu [IV] had recently died, it may have been considered appropriate for his successor to confirm previous arrangements with the abbey.� Amanieu [V] would also have been "a�eul" of "Amanevus de Lebreto filius quondam domine Assalite filie vicecomitis de Tartascio" recorded in the charter dated 17 Oct 1240 as having granted rights to the abbot of Grandselve in 1200[38].�� Seigneur d�Albret.� m---.� The name of Amanieu�s wife is not known.� Amanieu [V] & his wife had [two] children:�

a) [AMANIEU[VI] d'Albret ([1190/95]-before Sep 1240).� Most secondary sources record the person presented in this document as Amanieu [VI] as the son of Amanieu [IV] and his wife Almodis d�Angoul�me.� However, as noted above, this fails to take into account the Amanieu whose testament is dated 2 Aug 1209.� Assigning possible birth date ranges to Amanieu [IV],� [V] and [VI] as shown in this document demonstrates that the hypothesis is feasible from a chronological point of view.� Seigneur d'Albret.� The Histoire de la Croisade des Albigeois (in Proven�al verse) records that "N Amaneus de Lebret" was present at the capture of the ch�teau de Termes in 1210 and at the siege of Marmande in 1219[39].� "Amanevus de Lebreto" signed a document dated 16 Aug 1231 guaranteeing safe passage to the king of England for his visit for the dedication of the church of the abbey of Grande-Sauve[40].�� m firstly ([1215]) ASSALIDE de Tartas, daughter of ARNAUD RAYMOND Vicomte de Tartas & his wife Navara de Dax.� Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 17 Oct 1240 under which "Amanevus de Lebreto filius quondam domine Assalite filie vicecomitis de Tartascio" confirmed rights to the abbot of Grandselve[41].��m secondly ISABELLE de Bergerac, sister of H�lie Rudel Seigneur de Bergerac et de Gensac, daughter of ---.� Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by an undated document which records that "H�lie Rudel Seigneur de Bergerac, oncle de B�rard" complained to Simon de Montfort Earl of Leicester about the unjust settlement imposed by Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret on his brother B�rard[42].�� Amanieu [VI] & his first wife had one child:�

i) AMANIEU [VII] d'Albret (-after Apr 1272).� Raymond VII Comte de Toulouse invested "Amanevum de Lebreto" with all the fiefs in the diocese of Agen which his father held when he died[43].�� Seigneur d'Albret.� Vicomte de Maremne.�

-������� see below.�

Amanieu [VI] & his second wife had one child: �

ii) BERARD d'Albret (-before 5 Jun 1270).� His parentage is confirmed by an undated document which records that "H�lie Rudel Seigneur de Bergerac, oncle de B�rard" complained to Simon de Montfort Earl of Leicester about the unjust settlement imposed by Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret on his brother B�rard[44].� P�re Anselme says that he died before 5 Jun 1270 �_lors du second testament de son frere, o� il est nomm�_�[45].�

b) [PUCELLE d'Albret (-after 1243).� The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified, although it is indicated by the second testament of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret dated 5 Jun 1270 which appointed �_Geraud d�Armagnac son cousin_� as guardian of his children[46].� P�re Anselme says that she is named �_dans un mandement d�Alfonse comte de Poitiers � son sen�chal de Toulouse_� but does not cite the corresponding primary source[47].� Monlezun records that Roger "et sa femme Pulcelle" donated "la terre de Cazaux" to Gimont abbey with �_Arnaud-Bernard leur fils_�, with the consent of �_leurs enfants G�raud, Roger et Amanieu_�, by charter dated 1243[48].� m ROGER d'Armagnac Vicomte de Fezensaguet, son of BERNARD d'Armagnac [Lomagne] & his wife G�raldesse --- (-[1243/22 Mar 1245]).]�

�

AMANIEU[VII] d'Albret, son of AMANIEU [VI] Seigneur d�Albret & his first wife Assalide de Tartas (-after Apr 1272).� Raymond VII Comte de Toulouse invested "Amanevum de Lebreto" with all the fiefs in the diocese of Agen which his father held when he died[49].�� Seigneur d'Albret.� "Amanevus de Lebreto filius quondam domine Assalite filie vicecomitis de Tartascio" confirmed rights to the abbot of Grandselve which had been granted by Amanieu d�Albret "son a�eul" in 1200, by charter dated 17 Oct 1240[50].�� Vicomte de Maremne.� The first testament of "el noble bar n�Amaniu de Labrit, filh de n�Amaniu de Labrid et de n�Assaride de Tartas" is dated 25 Jul 1262, appoints "Pey de Bordel et na Mathe, sa fille et ma moilher" as his executors and "Gaston de Bearn�en G. d�Armanhac" as substitutes in case of their death, names "Bernadeids mon filh" as his heir, and "Assaride ma filhe�de la avantdite na Matha ma moilher"[51].� Alphonse de Poitiers wrote to �_P...episcopo Xantonensi_� requesting an enquiry into claims made by �_Hugonem dominum Parteniaci_� against �_Benedictum dominum de Mauritania militem, ratione uxoris sue_�, requesting confirmation from �_Amenevo de Lebreto militi et uxori sue, et sorori eiusdem uxoris et aliis partibus parti Benedicti domini de Mauritania, ratione uxoris sue, neptis vestre_�, regarding the succession of �_defuncti Gaufridi de Ran�onio_� by charter dated 3 Jun 1266[52].� "Hugo...Parteniaci miles" and "Guillielmus dominus de Sancta Maura miles...et nomine liberorum dicti Guillelmi" divided the succession of �_defuncti Gaufridi de Ranconio senioris...ad ipsos liberos...[et] defuncti Gaufridi iunioris_�, making specific provision for �_Amaneus de Lebreto et Ioscelinum de Castalione milites ratione uxorum suarum_�, by charter dated 1269[53].� Alphonse Comte de Poitou et de Toulouse agreed that "Amanevi de Lebreto et Gaucelini de Castellione...Hugo Archiepiscopus [domino Pertiniaci]" should receive one quarter of the inheritance of "Gaufridi de Ran�onio, junioris, ultimo defuncti", the proportion due to their wives, by document dated 3 Jan 1270[54].� P�re Anselme records the second testament of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret dated 5 Jun 1270 which named his son �_Bernardet_� as his heir, except for �_la terre de Marennes_� which he left to his second son Amanieu, ordered that his third son �_Arnaut-Amanieu_� should enter the church, mentioned his daughters (presumably unnamed), and appointed �_Geraud d�Armagnac son cousin_� as guardian of his children[55].� He was still alive in Apr 1272, the date of the ecclesiastical judgment which ordered his first wife to return to him.�

m firstly (divorced) as her first [husband], VIANE de Gontaud, daughter of --- (-after Apr 1272).� An ecclesiastical judgment dated Apr 1272 noted that �_Ne Dame Vianne de Gontauld_� had been married for several years to �_Ne he Amaneu d�Albret du dioc�se de Bazas_� by whom she had �_des enfants_�, that she had been separated from her husband on the basis that Amanieu�s father had been her godfather and had married again with �_Ne he H�lie de Castellione chev._�, that the basis for the separation was later proved to be incorrect, and that she was ordered to return to her first husband[56].� No record has been found which indicates how this matter was eventually resolved and what the impact was on status of Amanieu�s second marriage.� ��

m secondly (after [4 May 1256/4 Nov 1259]) as her second husband, MATHE de Bordeaux, widow of AYQUELM-GUILHEM[III] Seigneur de Lesparre, daughter of PIERRE de Bordeaux Captal de Buch & his wife --- de Rancon (-after May 1281).� Her parentage and first marriage are confirmed by the testament of [her first husband] �_Naiquem W. seher de Lesparra_�, dated 4 May 1256, which confirmed the donation made on his marriage to �_Mata sa molher_� and donations made by �_samolher per sin e an P. de Bordeu son paire_�[57].� Her parentage and second marriage are confirmed by the first testament of her second husband "el noble bar n�Amaniu de Labrit, filh de n�Amaniu de Labrid et de n�Assaride de Tartas", dated 25 Jul 1262, which appoints "Pey de Bordel et na Mathe, sa fille et ma moilher" as his executors[58].� The status of her second marriage was placed in doubt by the ecclesiastical judgment dated Apr 1272 which her ordered her husband�s first wife to return to him (see above).� No document has been found which indicates how the dispute was eventually resolved or what the ultimate impact was on the validity of this marriage or regarding the legitimacy of the couple�s children.� The testament of �_Mathe ve d�Amanjeu d�Albret_�, dated May 1281, appointed �_Amanjeu, Assalhite et Mathe ses enfants_� as her heirs[59].�

Amanieu [VII] & his first wife had two or more children:�

1. --- d�Albret.� Their existence is confirmed by the ecclesiastical judgment dated Apr 1272 relating to [their] parents� marriage, quoted above, which specifies that the couple had �_des enfants_�.�

2. ANNE d'Albret (-after 1 Dec 1287).� The testament of "madame Nade d�Albret, dame de Lusenhan" is dated [11 Dec] 1281 and appoints "Amanieu d�Albret son fr�re" as her heir[60].� The date of this document, and her absence from the May 1281 testament of her father�s second wife, suggests that she was born from her father�s first marriage.� The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not been identified.� The testament of �_Anne fille d�Amanjeu d�Albret_�, dated 1 Dec 1287, appointed �_Amanjeu d�Albret son fr�re Sgr de Marempne_� as her heir[61]. m firstly ARNAUD de Lezinhac, son of ---.� m secondly ARNAUD Arroumhan, son of ---.�

Amanieu [VII] & his second wife had five children:�

1. BERNARD AIZ [IV] d'Albret (-24 Dec 1280).� The testament of "el noble bar n�Amaniu de Labrit, filh de n�Amaniu de Labrid et de n�Assaride de Tartas" is dated 25 Jul 1262, appoints "Bernadeids mon filh" as his heir, and names "Assaride ma filhe�de la avantdite na Matha ma moilher"[62].� Seigneur d'Albret.� The testament of �_Bernardet d�Albret_�, dated �_du lundy avant Noel_� 1280, appointed �_Malthe sa premi�re fille_� as his heir if he had no male heirs[63].� P�re Anselme provides more details of the testament, stating that Bernard Aiz appointed his older daughter Mathe as his heir with his (unnamed) younger daughter as substitute, leaving the two under the guardianship of his mother Mathe[64].� m as her first husband, JEANNE de Lusignan, daughter of HUGUES [XIII] Comte de la Marche et d'Angoul�me, Seigneur de Lusignan & his wife Jeanne de Foug�res ([1260/65]-before 18 Apr 1323, bur Abbaye de Valence).�Her birth date is estimated in light of the birth dates of her older siblings shown above and because she was recorded in her first husband�s testament in Dec 1280 as having two children.� The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not yet been identified, although she is named �_dominam Johannam de la Marcha matrem meam_� in the testament of her daughter Isabelle (see below)[65].�� She married secondly Pierre de Joinville [Genville], of Ludlow Shropshire and Walterstone co Hereford.� The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire records that "Petro de Genyvile" married "Johannam filiam --- comitis Marchi�"[66].� She and her sister Isabelle, as joint heiresses of the county of la Marche, agreed May 1309 to transfer the county to Philippe IV "le Bel" King of France, when it was united with the royal domains.� Philippe IV King of France granted "castra�de Choec et de Payrac" to "Johanne de Marchia, sorori germane Guidonis quondam comitis Marchie et Engolisme", by reason of the rights she had �_in successione dicti Guidonis necnon Guidonis de Marchia patrui ipsius Johanne_�, by charter dated Aug 1310[67].� Bernard Aiz [IV] & his wife had two children:�

a) MATHE d'Albret ([1275/79]-[24 Dec 1280/1283], bur Auch Cathedral).� The testament of �_Bernardet d�Albret_�, dated �_du lundy avant Noel_� 1280, appointed �_Malthe sa premi�re fille_� as his heir if he had no male heirs[68].� Dame d'Albret.�

b) ISABELLE d'Albret ([1276/80]-1 Dec 1294, bur Auch Cathedral).� Dame d'Albret.� The testament of �_Isabellis domina de Lebreto comitissa Armaniaci et Fesenciaci_� is dated 1 Oct 1294, names �_dominam Johannam de la Marcha matrem meam_� as her heir �_in castro meo de Alhais diocesis Vasatensis_�, chooses her burial �_in ecclesia cathedrali B. Mari� Auxis in sepultura sororis me� quondam_�, appoints �_Rotgerium de Armaniaco sororium meum_� as her heir �_in castris de Casa-nova, de Lebreto_� and names �_domino Bernardo comiti Armaniaci et Fesenciaci marito meo...Gastoni vicecomiti Fesensaquelli...sororiis meis_�[69].� m as his first wife, BERNARD [VI] Comte d'Armagnac, son of GERAUD [VI] Comte d'Armagnac & his wife Mathe de B�arn (-1319, bur Auch Sainte-Marie).�

1. ASSALIDE d'Albret (before 25 Jul 1262-after 5 Jan 1286).� The testament of "el noble bar n�Amaniu de Labrit, filh de n�Amaniu de Labrid et de n�Assaride de Tartas" is dated 25 Jul 1262, appoints "Bernadeids mon filh" as his heir, and names "Assaride ma filhe�de la avantdite na Matha ma moilher"[70].� The marriage contract of "dame Assalide d�Albret" and "le filz du comte d�Astarac" is dated 1 May 1278 which records the dowry given by "Berard Ezii son fr�re"[71].� The testament of �_Mathe ve d�Amanjeu d�Albret_�, dated May 1281, appointed �_Amanjeu, Assalhite et Mathe ses enfants_� as her heirs[72].� The testament of "Assalide", dated 5 Jan 1286, appointed as her heir "Bernard son fils unique�et lui substitua Amanieu d�Albret son fr�re"[73].� m (1 Jan 1279) CENTULE [III] Comte d'Astarac, son of BERNARD [IV] Comte d�Astarac & his wife --- (-1300).�

2. AMANIEU [VIII] d'Albret (after 25 Jul 1262-[8 Jun/11 Oct] 1326).� The testament of �_Mathe ve d�Amanjeu d�Albret_�, dated May 1281, appointed �_Amanjeu, Assalhite et Mathe ses enfants_� as her heirs[74].� Seigneur de Maremne.� Seigneur d'Albret 1294.�

-������� see below.�

1. ARNAUD-AMANIEU d�Albret (after [1263/64]-after 5 Jun 1270).� P�re Anselme records the second testament of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret dated 5 Jun 1270 which named his son �_Bernardet_� as his heir, except for �_la terre de Marennes_� which he left to his second son Amanieu, ordered that his third son �_Arnaut-Amanieu_� should enter the church, mentioned his daughters (presumably unnamed), and appointed �_Geraud d�Armagnac son cousin_� as guardian of his children[75].�

2. MATHE d'Albret ([1262/70]-after May 1281).� The testament of �Mathe ve d�Amanjeu d�Albret_�, dated May 1281, appointed �_Amanjeu, Assalhite et Mathe ses enfants_� as her heirs[76].� P�re Anselme names �_Guillaume Seguin seigneur d�Arrious, suivant le testament de Bernard son frere� as her husband[77].� m (before Dec 1280) GUILLAUME Seguin Seigneur de Rions, son of ---.�

The relationship between the following persons and the main Albret family has not been ascertained.�

1. ARNAUD d�Albret (-before 1275).� P�re Anselme records that �_Arnaud d�Albret chevalier_� bequeathed money to �_Guillelme d�Aubusson fille de Guy d�Aubusson seigneur de la Borne_�, with the consent of her husband �_Pierre Vigier_�, and that she donated it to �_Berard d�Albret chevalier seigneur de Rions_� by charter dated 24 Sep 1275[78].�

2. BERARD d�Albret (-after 24 Sep 1275).� Seigneur de Rions.� P�re Anselme records that �_Arnaud d�Albret chevalier_� bequeathed money to �_Guillelme d�Aubusson fille de Guy d�Aubusson seigneur de la Borne_�, with the consent of her husband �_Pierre Vigier_�, and that she donated it to �_Berard d�Albret chevalier seigneur de Rions_� by charter dated 24 Sep 1275[79].�

AMANIEU[VIII] d'Albret, son of AMANIEU [VII] Seigneur d�Albret & his second wife Mathe de Bordeaux (after 25 Jul 1262-before 6 Jun 1326).� The testament of �_Mathe ve d�Amanjeu d�Albret_�, dated May 1281, appointed �_Amanjeu, Assalhite et Mathe ses enfants_� as her heirs[80].� Seigneur de Maremne.� Seigneur d'Albret 1294.� Seigneur de Tartas et de Dax.� Seigneur de Mixe et d'Ostabarret.� His testament is dated 11 Jul 1324[81].� The testament of �_Amanjeu d�Albret Vte de Tartas, d�Ax et de Malcor_�, dated 11 Jul 1324 and codicil dated 21 Sep 1324, disinherited �_Berard d�Albret son dernier fils pour s`�tre ligu� avec ses ennemis_�[82].�

m (contract 15 Jan 1288) as her second husband, ROSE de Bourg Dame de Verteuil et de Veyres, widow of AYQUELM-GUILHEM[IV] Seigneur de Lesparre, daughter of GERARD [Guitard] de Bourg Seigneur de Vertheuil et de Vayres & his wife Thomasse Gombaut dame de Veyres (-after 6 Jun 1326).� The marriage contract between �Amanjeu d�Albret_� and �_Rose de Vayres fille de Guiraud de Borc Sgr de Berteuil, vve de Nacquem W. Sgr de Lesparre_� is dated 15 Jan 1287 (O.S.)[83].� Her parentage and second marriage are confirmed by the testament of "messire G�rard de Bourg", which is dated 1282 and appoints "Rousse sa fille" as her heir, the record of the document adding that "despuis, feust mary�e au seigneur d�Albret"[84].� Rose�s testament dated 14 Nov 1287 appointed �_son fils unique Ayquelm-Guilhem_� as her heir[85].� Rose�s testament dated 16 Feb 1297 (O.S.) named her son by her first marriage and �_Amanieu, Bernadetz, Arnaud-Amanieu et Jeanne d�Albret_� children by her second marriage[86].� The testament of "dame Rouze de Bourg dame d�Albret" is dated 6 Jun 1326 and appoints "Bernardetz son premier fils seigneur d�Albret" as her heir, and bequeathes "la seigneurie de Cubsac" to "E_yquem Guilhaume seigneur de Lesparre, fils de son premier mary", "la seigneurie de Verteuil" to "messire Guitard d�Albret son fils d�autre marriage" and "les seigneuries de Vayres et de Marcaulx" to "messire Berard d�Albret aussy son fils"[87].�

Amanieu [VIII] & his wife had [eleven] children:�

1. AMANIEU (-after 16 Feb 1298, maybe after 1309).� Rose�s testament dated 16 Feb 1297 (O.S.) named her son by her first marriage and �_Amanieu, Bernadetz, Arnaud-Amanieu et Jeanne d�Albret_� children by her second marriage[88].� P�re Anselme says that Amanieu died before his father �_apr�s l�an 1309_�, but cites no source which confirms this information[89].�

2. BERNARD AIZ [V] (-1358 or after).� Rose�s testament dated 16 Feb 1297 (O.S.) named her son by her first marriage and �_Amanieu, Bernadetz, Arnaud-Amanieu et Jeanne d�Albret_� children by her second marriage[90].� "Messire Amanieu sire d�Albret" emancipated "son filz B�rard" 8 Jan 1318[91].� Seigneur d�Albret.� The testament of "dame Rouze de Bourg dame d�Albret" is dated 6 Jun 1326 and appoints "Bernardetz son premier fils seigneur d�Albret" as her heir[92].� The testament of "messire Bernardetz sire d�Albret, filz d�Amanieu sire d�Albret et de dame Rouse de Bourg", dated 1358, appoints "messire Amanieu son premier filz" as his heir in the Albret estates, donates "Gensac et Castelmoron" to "B�rard son second filz", "les seigneuries de Gosse, Seignans, Auribat, Pontons, Born, Mimisan, Herbe Favi�re et Brassenx" to "Girault son troisi�me filz", and names "son quatriesme filz feust evesque d�Acqz"[93].� m firstly (contract 31 Jan 1311) ISABELLE de Gironde, daughter of ARNAUD de Gironde & his wife Talese de Caumont (-22 Sep 1318).� The marriage contract between �_Bernardet d�Albret fils d�Amanjeu d�Albret_� and �_Isabeau de Gironde fille et h�riti�re d�Arnaud Sgr de Gironde_� is dated 31 Jan 1310 (O.S.)[94].� The testament of "Isabeau dame de Guironde, femme de Bernard Ezii" is dated 1318[95].� m secondly (contract 21 May 1321) MATHE d�Armagnac, daughter of BERNARD [VI] Comte d�Armagnac & his second wife C�cile de Rodez ([mid-late 1302]-1364).� The marriage contract of "Mathe s�ur du comte d�Armagnac" and "Bernard Ezii fils de Amanieu sire d�Albret" is dated 21 May 1321[96].� The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "filii nostri Johannis primogeniti�Bernardum filium nostrum secundo genitum�Johannam filiam nostrum�dominam Matham de Armaniaco sororem nostrum, uxorem domini de Lebreto�dominum Amaneum de Lebreto militem filium suum primogenitum�dominum Bernardum Ezii de Lebreto militem, filium dict� sororis nostr� secundo genitum�Johannes de Lebreto filium dict� sororis nostr� tertio genitum�"[97].� Bernard Aiz [V] & his second wife had [twelve] children:�

a) ARNAUD AMANIEU [VIII] (-1401).� The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "�dominam Matham de Armaniaco sororem nostrum, uxorem domini de Lebreto�dominum Amaneum de Lebreto militem filium suum primogenitum�dominum Bernardum Ezii de Lebreto militem, filium dict� sororis nostr� secundo genitum�Johannes de Lebreto filium dict� sororis nostr� tertio genitum�"[98].� Seigneur d�Albret.�

-������� see below.�

b) BERNARD AIZ d�Albret (-[13 Feb 1347/1358]).� The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "�dominam Matham de Armaniaco sororem nostrum, uxorem domini de Lebreto�dominum Amaneum de Lebreto militem filium suum primogenitum�dominum Bernardum Ezii de Lebreto militem, filium dict� sororis nostr� secundo genitum�Johannes de Lebreto filium dict� sororis nostr� tertio genitum�"[99].�

c) JEANNE d�Albret (-1359 or before).� The marriage contract between �_Jne fille de Bernard Ery d�Albret_� and �_Jn Cte de Lisle_� is dated 8 Jul 1350[100].� m (contract 8 Jul 1350) JEAN JOURDAIN[I] Comte de l�Isle-Jourdain, son of BERTRAND [I] Comte de l�Isle-Jourdain & his wife Isabelle de Levis (-1365).�

d) JEAN d�Albret (-[18 Feb 1347/1358] or after 1368).� The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "�dominam Matham de Armaniaco sororem nostrum, uxorem domini de Lebreto�dominum Amaneum de Lebreto militem filium suum primogenitum�dominum Bernardum Ezii de Lebreto militem, filium dict� sororis nostr� secundo genitum�Johannes de Lebreto filium dict� sororis nostr� tertio genitum�"[101].� He is not named in his father�s 1358 testament which suggests that he died before that date.� On the hand, P�re Anselme records that Jean, son of Bernard Aiz [V], made a treaty in 1368 with Charles V King of France against the English king (no citation reference)[102].�

e) BERARD d�Albret (-after 6 Sep 1392).� The testament of "messire Bernardetz sire d�Albret, filz d�Amanieu sire d�Albret et de dame Rouse de Bourg", dated 1358, donates "Gensac et Castelmoron" to "B�rard son second filz"[103].� "Arnaud Amanieu, B�rard et Guiraud d�Albret fr�res" paid their ransom to "Gaston Cte de Foix" who had imprisoned them by charter dated 13 Apr 1365[104].� m (contract 26 Oct 1357) HELENE de Caumont, daughter of ALEXANDRE de Caumont & his wife Blanche de la Mothe.� The marriage contract of "Berard d�Albret, fils de Bernard Ezii" and "Helaine de Caumont, fille d�Alexandre de Caumont" is dated 1357, with the consent of "dame Margueritte, s�ur dudict de Caumont", recording that "le lieu de Saincte Bazeilhe, de Landerron et de Puch" were her dowry[105].� The marriage contract between �_B�rard d�Albret_� and �_H�lene de Caumont_� is dated 26 Oct 1357 and records that �_Isabeau de Caumont sa s�ur_� donated �_les Sgries de Sainte-Bazeille Landeron et de Puchs_� to the couple[106].� B�rard & his wife had [two] children:�

i) [GERALDE d�Albret(-after 17 Aug 1397).� Letters dated 12 Aug 1372 acknowledge the dowry debt from "Mathe d�Armagnac, dame d�Albret et B�rard d�Albret son fils" relating to the marriage of "Bertrand de Lamotte" and "G�ralde d�Albret"[107].� The reference to B�rard being jointly responsible for G�ralde�s dowry suggests that he may have been her father.� If that is correct, G�ralde could not have been more than 13/14 years old at the time of her marriage, considering the date of B�rard�s marriage, in which case she was probably one of her parents� older children.� As noted below, P�re Anselme names her as daughter of Bernard-Aiz [V] Seigneur d�Albret, although the marriage of one of his daughters in 1372 seems later considering the date of his own second marriage in 1321.� The testament of "Guirotte d�Albret, femme � Bertrand de Lamothe seigneur de Bruch", dated 17 Aug 1397, names "Jehan, Bertrand, Gailhardet, P�s, Marye, de la Mothe, ses enfans" as her heirs[108].�m ([12 Aug 1372]) BERTRAND de la Mothe Seigneur de Bruch, son of ---.]�

ii) FRAN�OIS d�Albret (-[21 Mar 1440/31 May 1445]).� P�re Anselme names �_Talasie d�Albret_� as a daughter of Bernard-Aiz [V] Seigneur d�Albret [incorrect in light of the sources quoted below] and records her testament dated 1410 under which she appointed �_Fran�ois d�Albret son neveu_� [her first cousin] as her heir[109].� Seigneur de Sainte-Bazeille.� The testament of "messire Fran�oys d�Albret seigneur de Saincte Bazeilhe", dated 3 Jn 1427 (O.S.), names "Charles sire d�Albret" as his heir[110].�m (contract 21 May 1405) JEANNE de Roucy, daughter of HUGUES Comte de Braine et de Roucy & his wife Blanche de Coucy Dame de Montmirail (-after 31 May 1445).� The marriage contract of "Fran�ois d�Albret seigneur de Saincte Bazeilhe" and "damoyselle Jehanne de Roucy" is dated 21 May 1405[111].� A charter dated 1445 records the agreement between "messire Charles sire d�Albret" and "dame Jehanne de Roucy" concerning the succession of "Fran�oys d�Albret seigneur de Saincte Bazeilhe"[112].�

f) GERARD d�Albret (-after 13 Apr 1365).� The testament of "messire Bernardetz sire d�Albret, filz d�Amanieu sire d�Albret et de dame Rouse de Bourg", dated 1358, donates "les seigneuries de Gosse, Seignans, Auribat, Pontons, Born, Mimisan, Herbe Favi�re et Brassenx" to "Girault son troisi�me filz"[113].� "Arnaud Amanieu, B�rard et Guiraud d�Albret fr�res" paid their ransom to "Gaston Cte de Foix" who had imprisoned them by charter dated 13 Apr 1365[114].�

g) son .� The testament of "messire Bernardetz sire d�Albret, filz d�Amanieu sire d�Albret et de dame Rouse de Bourg", dated 1358, names "son quatriesme filz feust evesque d�Acqz"[115].�

h) ROSE d�Albret (before Mar 1341-).� The marriage contract of "madame Rousse d�Albret" and "messire Jehan captalz de Buchz" is dated Nov 1350 and confirms payment of her dowry by "monsieur Bernard Ezii son p�re"[116].� The receipt for payment of the dowry of "Rouse d�Albret, femme de Jehan de Grelly captal de Buchz" is dated 12 Feb 1359[117].� m (contract Nov 1350) JEAN [III] de Grailly Captal de Buch, son of JEAN [II] de Grailly Captal de Buch & his wife Blanche de Foix (-1369).�

i) [SOUVERAINE d�Albret.� P�re Anselme names �_Souveraine d�Albret_� as a daughter of Bernard-Aiz [V] Seigneur d�Albret and names her husband �_Jean de Pommiers seigneur de Lescun_�, without citing any primary source on which he bases this information[118].�m JEAN de Pommiers Seigneur de Lescun, son of ---.]�

j) [MARGUERITE d�Albret.� P�re Anselme names �_Marguerite et Cise d�Albret, religieuses de l�ordre de Sainte Claire_� as daughters of Bernard-Aiz [V] Seigneur d�Albret, without citing any primary source on which he bases this information[119].]�

k) [CISE d�Albret.� P�re Anselme names �_Marguerite et Cise d�Albret, religieuses de l�ordre de Sainte Claire_� as daughters of Bernard-Aiz [V] Seigneur d�Albret, without citing any primary source on which he bases this information[120].]�

l) [GERALDE d�Albret.� P�re Anselme names �_Geraude d�Albret_� as a daughter of Bernard-Aiz [V] Seigneur d�Albret and records her marriage in 1372 to �_Bertrand seigneur de la Mothe_�, without citing any primary sources on which this information is based[121].� The marriage of one of Bernard-Aiz�s daughters in 1372 seems later considering the date of his own second marriage in 1321.� As noted above, the chronology appears to favour G�ralde being the daughter of B�rard d�Albret who, in addition, is recorded in the marriage contract dated 12 Aug 1372 as jointly owing the dowry debt.� m ([12 Aug 1372]) BERTRAND Seigneur de la Mothe, son of ---.]�

1. ARNAUD-AMANIEU (-after 16 Feb 1298, maybe after 1346).� Rose�s testament dated 16 Feb 1297 (O.S.) named her son by her first marriage and �_Amanieu, Bernadetz, Arnaud-Amanieu et Jeanne d�Albret_� children by her second marriage[122].�P�re Anselme says that �_Arnaud d�Amanieu_�, son of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret, was living in 1346 but cites no source which confirms this information[123].� [m ---.� The name of Arnaud-Amanieu�s wife is not known.]� Arnaud-Amanieu & his wife had [one child]:�

a) [AMANIEU d�Albret.� P�re Anselme says that �_Arnaud d�Amanieu_�, son of Amanieu [VIII] Seigneur d�Albret, was father of �_Amanieu d�Albret vicomte de Tartas par don de Mathe d�Albret sa tante_�, adding that he bequeathed �_le vicomt� de Tartas_� to �_Guitard d�Albret son oncle_� and died childless[124].� Anselme cites no sources which confirm this information.]

1. JEANNE d�Albret (-[20 Oct 1357/29 Jan 1358], bur Castel-Jaloux).� Rose�s testament dated 16 Feb 1297 (O.S.) named her son by her first marriage and �_Amanieu, Bernadetz, Arnaud-Amanieu et Jeanne d�Albret_� children by her second marriage[125].��_Rose du Bourg femme d�Amanjeu d�Albret_� granted her share of property to �_Jne d�Albret leur fille_� by charter dated 24 Jan 1319 (O.S.)[126].�The marriage contract of �_Amaneus dominus de Lebreto miles..Johannam filiam...dicti domini Amanei emancipatam...et domina Roza de Burgo uxor dicti domini Amaneui et mater dicte domicelle_� and �_Reginaldus de Ponte miles dominus Ribayriaci et vicecomitatus Turenne_� is dated 26 Jan 1319 (O.S.)[127].�The date of her marriage is late if the wife of Renaud de Pons was the same daughter who was named 16 Feb 1297.� It is possible that the daughter named on that date died and that Renaud�s wife was another daughter also named Jeanne who was born later.� The testament of �_Reginaldus de Ponte miles vicecomes Carlatensis et dominus Ribariaci_�, dated 27 Dec 1332, referred to the dower agreement with �_Johanne de Lebreto...uxoris et consortis mee...castrum meum et...castellaniam de Monteforti_�[128].� The testament of �_Regnaut de Pons chevalier l�ainszn� seigneur de Riberac_�, dated 15 Nov 1351, confirmed the dower of �_Jehenne sa femme_�[129].� The testament of �_Johanna de Lebreto domina de Ponte...tutorio...Reginaldi de Ponte nepotis nostri_�, dated 20 Oct 1357, chose burial �_in Castro Gelosio, penes fratres minores eiusdem loci_�, named �_Reginaldum de Ponte nepotem meum inpuberem...filiumque Reginaldi de Pontis militem filium nostrum condam deffunctum_� as her heir, appointed as executors �_fratrem nostrum dominum de Lebreto, dominum Fulconem de Mastaco dominum de Royano nepotem nostrum..._�[130].� She is named as deceased in the charter dated 29 Jan 1357 (O.S.) which appointed a new guardian for her grandson.� m (contract 26 Jan 1320) RENAUD [IV] de Pons Seigneur de Riberac, son of GEOFFROY [V] de Pons Seigneur de Riberac & his wife Isabelle de Rodez (-killed in battle Poitiers 19 Sep 1356).�

2. MATHE (-after 30 Aug 1338).� Her omission from her mother�s testament dated 16 Feb 1297 (O.S.) suggests that she was unborn at that time, although if that is correct Mathe would have been a child at the date of her first marriage.� The marriage contract between �_Malhe premi�re fille d�Amanjeu d�Albret_� and �_Arnaud Ramond d�Ax Vte de Tartas_� is dated 5 Jan 1308 (O.S.)[131].� The marriage contract of "H�lye Rudel seigneur de Bergerac, Montignac et du Pont" and "Mathe fille du messire Amanieu d�Albret" is dated 1314 "le jeudy apr�s la feste Sainct Philip et Sainct Jacques"[132].� Vicomtesse de Tartas, Dame de Bergerac.� The testament of "Mathe d�Albret, dame de Bergerac, Montignac, Moncucq, Gensac, Miremon et Castelmoron" is dated 30 Aug 1338 and appoints "Bernard Ezii sire d�Albret son fr�re" as her heir[133].�m firstly (contract 5 Jan 1309) ARNAUD RAYMOND Vicomte de Tartas, son of --- (-1312).� m secondly (2 May 1314) HELIE RUDEL [II] de Pons Seigneur de Pons et de Bergerac, son of RENAUD [IV] de Pons Seigneur de Pons et de Bergerac & his wife Isabelle de L�vis (-before 20 Sep 1334).�

3. GUITARD (after [1297/98]-after 1338, maybe after 1350).� His omission from his mother�s testament dated 16 Feb 1297 (O.S.) suggests that he and the other children named below were unborn at that time.� "B�rard et Guitard fr�res" received various baronies from "Bernard Ezii leur fr�re aisn�, sire d�Albret" 8 Apr 1321[134].� The testament of "dame Rouze de Bourg dame d�Albret" is dated 6 Jun 1326 and bequeathes "la seigneurie de Verteuil" to "messire Guitard d�Albret son fils d�autre marriage" and "les seigneuries de Vayres et de Marcaulx" to "messire Berard d�Albret aussy son fils"[135].� P�re Anselme says that Guitard was �_vicomte de Tartas par le don que lui en fit Amanieu d�Albret son neveu_� (see above)[136].� Europ�ische Stammtafeln says that his testament was dated 1338[137].� This testament is not included in Dubois�s listing of Albret charters.� P�re Anselme says that Guitard was living in 1350 but does not cite the source on which this information is based[138].� m firstly (contract 21 May 1321) MASCAROSE de Fezenzaguet, daughter of GASTON d�Armagnac Vicomte de Fezensaguet & his first wife Valpurge de Rodez.� The marriage contract between "madame Masquerose fille du visconte de Fezensaguet et Brulles" and "Gitard fils de messire Amanieu sire d�Albret" is dated 21 May 1321[139].�m secondly as her first husband, AGNES de Lomagne, daughter of GERAUD Trenquel�on de Lomagne, chevalier, baron de Moncrabeau et co-seigneur de Calignac & his wife ---.� She married secondly Barth�lemy de Pins Seigneur de Taillebourg.� Europ�ische Stammtafeln shows her parentage and two marriages[140].� The primary sources on which this information is based have not been identified.� Guitard had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:�

a) BERTRAND d�Albret (-after 8 Aug 1365).� P�re Anselme records that �_Bertrand d�Albret, fils naturel de Guitard d�Albret_� was �_seigneur de Malemort et de Brier_� and was owed money by Louis II Duc de Bourbon according to accounts dated 8 Aug 1365[141].�

1. BERARD (-1346).� "B�rard et Guitard fr�res" received various baronies from "Bernard Ezii leur fr�re aisn�, sire d�Albret" 8 Apr 1321[142].� The testament of �_Amanjeu d�Albret Vte de Tartas, d�Ax et de Malcor_�, dated 11 Jul 1324 and codicil dated 21 Sep 1324, disinherited �_Berard d�Albret son dernier fils pour s`�tre ligu� avec ses ennemis_�[143].� The testament of "dame Rouze de Bourg dame d�Albret" is dated 6 Jun 1326 and bequeathes "la seigneurie de Verteuil" to "messire Guitard d�Albret son fils d�autre marriage" and "les seigneuries de Vayres et de Marcaulx" to "messire Berard d�Albret aussy son fils"[144].� Seigneur de Vertheuil.� m(contract 1318, 2 Feb 1319) GUIRAUDE de Gironde, daughter of ARNAUD de Gironde & his wife Tal�se de Caumont.� The marriage contract of "dame Guiraude, dame de Gironde" and "messire Berard d�Albret" is dated 1318 and notes that "la seigneurie de Gironde" was her dowry[145].� The testament of "madame Guiraude, dame de Gironde et femme de messire Berard d�Albret", dated 7 Aug 1345, appoints "Arnault son quatri�me fils" as her heir because her other children supported the English[146].� B�rard & his wife had eight children:�

a) BERARD [II] d�Albret (-after 24 Dec 1374).� �_B�rard et Amanjeu d�Albret_� shared the territories of �_B�rard d�Albret leur p�re Sgr de Vayres_� by charter dated 2 Mar 1348 (O.S.)[147].� Seigneur de Vayres.� �_B�rard d�Albret Sgr de Vayres, Amanjeu d�Albret Sgr de Langoyran, Arnaud d�Albret Sgr d�Enssac et leurs s�urs_� shared the succession of �_Guillem de Caumont et de Guillem Aramon de Caumont_� with �_Jn de Galard Sgr de Limieul_� by charter dated 18 Oct 1357[148].� Seigneur de Rioms.� The testament of "B�rard d�Albret Sgr de Rions et de Vayres" is dated 24 Dec 1374[149].� m (contract 20 Jun 1336, 14 Aug 1345) BRUNISENDE de Grailly, daughter of PIERRE [II] de Grailly & his first wife Assalide de Bordeaux.� The marriage contract between �_B�rard d�Albret fils ain� de B�rard d�Albret Sgr de Vayres et de Breteuil_� and �_Brunissens fille ain�e de Pre de Greslly Vte de Benauges_� is dated 20 Jun 1336[150].�

b) AMANIEU d�Albret (-after 1365).� �_B�rard et Amanjeu d�Albret_� shared the territories of �_B�rard d�Albret leur p�re Sgr de Vayres_� by charter dated 2 Mar 1348 (O.S.)[151].� Seigneur de Langoyran.� �_B�rard d�Albret Sgr de Vayres, Amanjeu d�Albret Sgr de Langoyran, Arnaud d�Albret Sgr d�Enssac et leurs s�urs_� shared the succession of �_Guillem de Caumont et de Guillem Aramon de Caumont_� with �_Jn de Galard Sgr de Limieul_� by charter dated 18 Oct 1357[152].� P�re Anselme records his testament dated 1365[153].� m (11 Aug 1345) AMABILLE, daughter of BERNARD d�Escoussins Seigneur de Langoiran & his wife Miramonde de Podensac.� The marriage contract of "Amabille fille du seigneur de Langoyran" and "Amanieu d�Albret fils de messire B�rard d�Albret" is dated 11 Aug 1345[154].� Amanieu & his wife had children:�

i) BERARD [III] d�Albret (-after 1374).� Seigneur de Verteuil et de Langoiran.� P�re Anselme records his testament datd 1374[155].�

ii) MABILE d�Albret (-after 19 Jan 1380).� "Mabilla de Labrito olim comitissa comitatus�Pardiaci et nobilis Bernardus Athonis de Montelugduno", executors of "Arnaldus Guillelmi de Montelugduno�comes Pardiaci", granted Marciac et Beaumarchez to "dominum Geraldum de Armaniaco�comitem Pardiaci et dominum baroniarum Viranesii et Ordanesii et dominam Annam de Montelugduno�comitissam Pardiaci et dominarum baroniarum pr�dictarum" by charter dated 19 Jan 1379 (presumably O.S.), witnessed by "nobiles Geraldus de Montelugduno dominus de la Barana�"[156].� m [as his third wife,] ARNAUD GUILLAUME de Montlezun Comte de Pardiac, son of --- (-13 Aug 1379).�

iii) GERAUDE d�Albret .� P�re Anselme names �_Giraude d�Albret, dont l�alliance n�est pas connue_� as the second daughter of B�rard [II], noting that his daughters are named in their father�s testament dated 1365[157].�

iv) JEANNE d�Albret (-after 17 Aug 1395).� P�re Anselme names �_Jeanne d�Albret_� as the third daughter of B�rard [II] and names her two husbands, noting that his daughters are named in their father�s testament dated 1365[158].� "Amanjeu d�Albret" acquired rights from "Jne d�Albret femme de Jn de la Barte Sgr de la Vall�e d�Aure" by charter dated 17 Aug 1395[159].� m firstly GUILLAUME RAYMOND Seigneur de Caumont, son of ---.� m secondly JEAN Vicomte de la Barthe Seigneur de la Vall�e d�Aure, son of GERARD de la Barthe & his wife Brunissende de Lautrec (-5 Oct 1398).�

v) ROSE d�Albret .� P�re Anselme names �_Rose d�Albret, femme de N. de Montferrand_� as the fourth daughter of B�rard [II], noting that his daughters are named in their father�s testament dated 1365[160].� m --- de Montferrand, son of ---.�

c) son (-[7 Aug 1345/18 Oct 1357]).� The existence of this son is confirmed by the testament of his father, in which he is not named but which refers to Arnaud as the testator�s fourth son.� He must have died before 18 Oct 1357, the date of the charter which names his three brothers.�

d) ARNAUD d�Albret (-after 18 Oct 1357).� The testament of "madame Guiraude, dame de Gironde et femme de messire Berard d�Albret", dated 7 Aug 1345, appoints "Arnault son quatri�me fils" as her heir as her other children supported the English[161].� Seigneur d�Ensac.� �_B�rard d�Albret Sgr de Vayres, Amanjeu d�Albret Sgr de Langoyran, Arnaud d�Albret Sgr d�Enssac et leurs s�urs_� shared the succession of �_Guillem de Caumont et de Guillem Aramon de Caumont_� with �_Jn de Galard Sgr de Limieul_� by charter dated 18 Oct 1357[162].�

e) ROSE d�Albret (-after May 1401).� An arr�t of the parliament of Paris dated May 1401 records that "Jehan Jourdain de Lisle visconte de Lisle" was ordered to pay compensation to "dame Roze d�Albret" in respect of a third part of the succession of "feu Loys de Lisle, fils de la ditte Rouse"[163].� m BERTRAND de l�Isle-Jourdain, son of --- (-before May 1401).�

f) TALESE d�Albret (-after 1410).� The marriage contract of "Tal�ze fille de B�rard d�Albret Sgr de Rions et de Gironde" and "Bartolomieu de Pins" is dated 3 Mar 1361 (O.S.)[164].� The testament of "Claude de Piis, fille de Barth�lemy de Piis" is dated 1389 and names "dame Tal�ze d�Albret sa m�re" as her heir[165].� Letters patent of Charles VI King of France dated 1403 to the seneschal of Agenois name "dame Thal�ze d�Albret, vefve de Barth�lemy de Piis"[166].� P�re Anselme names �_Talasie d�Albret_� as a daughter of Bernard-Aiz [V] Seigneur d�Albret [incorrect in light of the sources quoted above] and records her testament dated 1410 under which she appointed �_Fran�ois d�Albret son neveu_� [her first cousin] as her heir[167].� m (contract 15 Mar 1363) BARTHELEMY de Pins, son of --- (-1294 or after).�

g) MARGUERITE d�Albret .� P�re Anselme names Marguerite as youngest daughter of B�rard d�Albret and her husband �_Raimond de Montaut seigneur de Mucidan et de Blaye_�, without citing any source which confirms the information[168].� �_Ramond de Montaud seigneur de Mussidan_� acknowledged receiving part of the dowry of �_sa femme Marguerite d�Albret s�ur de B�rard_� from �_B�rard d�Albret seigneur de Vayres_�, dated 8 Oct 1365[169].� m (before 8 Oct 1365) RAYMOND de Montaut Seigneur de Mussidan et de Blaye, son of ---.�

1. ASSALIDE .� The marriage contract of "Assalide d�Albret, fille de messire Amanieu sire d�Albret" and "le visconte de Fronsac" is dated 11 Aug 1323[170].� A charter dated 10 Aug 1324 confirms that "la dite dame Assalide d�Albret" received her dowry from "messire Amanieu son p�re et�dame Isabeau de Gironde sa m�re"[171].� Presumably the reference to her mother "Isabeau de Gironde" is an error, as Rose de Bourg, wife of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret survived her husband as shown by her testament referred to above.� m (contract 11 Aug 1323) --- Vicomte de Fronsac, son of ---.�

2. [THOMASSE d�Albret .� P�re Anselme names �_Thomasse d�Albret_� as a daughter of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret, adding that �_apr�s l�an 1314_� she married as his second wife �_Guillaume Maingot VIII du nom seigneur de Surgeres et de Dampierre_�, by whom she had �_entr�autres enfans Guillaume Maingot seigneur de Surgeres et de Dampierre mort sans posterit� et Jeanne Maingot qui porta par son mariage les seigneuries de Surgeres et de Dampierre � Aymar de Clermont seigneur d�Hauterive_�[172].� The primary source which confirms that this information is correct has not been identified.� m (after 1314) as his second wife, GUILLAUME [VIII]Maingot Seigneur de Surg�res et de Dampierre, son of HUGUES Seigneur de Surg�res & his wife Alix de Parthenay ([1280/85]-after 16 Dec 1333).]�

3. [MARGUERITE d�Albret.� P�re Anselme names �_Marguerite d�Albret, dont l�alliance n�est pas connue_� as a daughter of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret, without citing any source on which this information is based[173].� She is not named in Europ�ische Stammtafeln, which names a daughter �Marqu�ze� born [Aug 1308/Aug 1309] and died before 1319[174].� No primary source has been found which corroborates any of this information.]�

4. [ROSINE d�Albret.� P�re Anselme names �_Rosine d�Albret_� as a daughter of Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret, adding that she married �_Arnaud de Veze, vicomte de Carmain, seigneur de Negrepelisse, de S. Felix_� (and naming his parents as shown below)[175].� The primary source which confirms that this information is correct has not been identified.� m ARNAUD d�Euse Vicomte de Carmain, son of PIERRE d�Euse & his wife Marguerite de l�Isle-Jourdain.]�

ARNAUD AMANIEU [VIII]d�Albret, son of BERNARD AIZ [V] Seigneur d�Albret & his second wife Mathe d�Armagnac (-1401).� The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names as his heirs, in turn, "�dominam Matham de Armaniaco sororem nostrum, uxorem domini de Lebreto�dominum Amaneum de Lebreto militem filium suum primogenitum�dominum Bernardum Ezii de Lebreto militem, filium dict� sororis nostr� secundo genitum�Johannes de Lebreto filium dict� sororis nostr� tertio genitum�"[176].� Vicomte de Tartas.� The testament of "messire Bernardetz sire d�Albret, filz d�Amanieu sire d�Albret et de dame Rouse de Bourg", dated 1358, appoints "messire Amanieu son premier filz" as his heir in the Albret estates[177].�Seigneur d�Albret.� A treaty between "Karlos�rey de Navarra" and "Arnald Amanieu, seynor [de Labrit] et vizcomte de Tartas" is dated 26 Feb 1365[178].� "Arnaud Amanieu, B�rard et Guiraud d�Albret fr�res" paid their ransom to "Gaston Cte de Foix" who had imprisoned them by charter dated 13 Apr 1365[179].� A charted dated 8 Sep 1365 records that "seynhor mossen Amaniu, seynor de Labrit, vezconte de Tartas et seyhor de las terres de Micxe et d�Ostabares" took possession of Ostabaret[180].�

[Betrothed([1340]) to MARGARET of Kent, daughter of EDMUND Earl of Kent & his wife Margaret Baroness Wake ([1327]-[before 1 May 1351]).� King Edward III appointed representatives to negotiate the marriage between �_Bernardetto domino de la Breto...Amaneum primogenitum dicti Bernardetti_� and �_Margaretam filiam clar� memori� Edmundi comitis Kanti� avunculi nostri_� by charter dated 4 Apr 1340[181].� No document has been located which indicates that these negotiations culminated in a betrothal.� Margaret presumably died before Arnaud Amanieu was betrothed to Isabella, daughter of Edward III King of England.]�

[**Betrothed**(contract 1 May 1351) to ISABELLA of England, daughter of EDWARD III King of England & his wife Philippa de Hainaut (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire 16 Feb or [Mar] or 16 Jun [1332 or 1334]-[15 Mar/4 May] 1379 or [17 Jun/5 Oct] 1382, bur Greyfriars Church, Newgate, London).� The contract for the marriage between �_Rex...Isabellam primogenitam nostram_� and �_Bernardo Ezii domino de Lebreto...Bernardi Ezii filii senioris et h�redis dicti domini de Lebreto_� is dated 1 May 1351[182].� It is unlikely that the name of the future bridegroom in this document can be correct.� The testament of "domini Johannis comitis Armaniaci", dated 18 Feb 1347, names, as shown above, Bernard Aiz as second son of Bernard Aiz [V] Seigneur d�Albret and Arnaud Amanieu [VIII] as his oldest son and heir[183]. �It appears unlikely that the advisers of King Edward III (who was suzerain of Gascony including the Albret properties) would have been unaware of the identity of the heir to Albret.� It is equally unlikely that the king would have agreed the marriage of his oldest daughter to the second son of the sire d�Albret.� It is therefore more probable that the future bridegroom was Arnaud Amanieu [VIII] and that there is an error in the name inserted in the charter.]�

m (contract 3 May 1368) MARGUERITE de Bourbon, daughter of PIERRE I Duc de Bourbon [Capet] & his wife Isabelle de Valois (-after 4 Jan 1416).� Ayala�s Cr�nica de Pedro I records that another daughter �_del...Duque de Borbon_�, referred to fourth in his list, married �_el Se�or de Lebret_� when recording the negotiations for the marriage of her sister Blanche in 1351[184].�

Arnaud Amanieu [VIII] & his wife had three children:�

1. CHARLES [I] (-killed in battle Agincourt 25 Oct 1415).� Seigneur d�Albret.� Conn�table de France.� Seigneur de Sully et de Craon, de iure� uxoris.� Pierre Cochon�s Chronique Normande names �_...le sire de Labret..._� among those killed in battle at Agincourt[185].� m (27 Jan 1401) as her third husband, MARIE de Sully Dame de Sully, Dame de Craon, Ctss de Guines, widow firstly of CHARLES de Berry Comte de Montpensier and secondly of GUY [VI] de la Tr�mo�lle Seigneur de la Tr�mo�lle, daughter of LOUIS de Sully Seigneur de Sully & his wife Isabeau de Craon.� "Marie de Suly Dame de la Tr�mouille, de Suly et de Craon, femme de Mgr Charles d�Albret Sgr d�Elebret, de Suly et de Craon, Conn�table de France" donated property, after the death of �_son...cousin Guillaume de Chamboran_�, on the marriage of "son�fr�re Mre R�gnier Pot chev. Sgr de la Prague, chambellan du Duc de Bourgogne", in recognition of services �_au Sgr de la Tr�mouille et � elle_�, by charter dated 1 Dec 1400, verified 16 Feb 1401[186].� "Charles d�Albret" married �_Marie Dame de Sully, vve de Guy Sgr de la Trimouille_� by charter dated 29 Jan 1400 (O.S.) which records that she gave him "sa terre de Sully"[187].� Charles [I] & his wife had five children:�

a) CATHERINE [Jacqueline] d�Albret .� The Geste des Nobles records that �_messire Jehan de Montagu...son filz_� married �_la fille de Monsieur Charles sire d�Alebret conte de Dreux et connestable de France_�[188].�The marriage contract between "Charles d�Albret conn�table de France et Marie de Sully sa femme...Jacqueline leur fille" and �_Charles fils de Jn Sgr de Montegu et de Marcoussis, Vidame de Laonois et de Jacqueline de la Granche sa femme_� is dated 6 Jan 1404 (O.S.)[189]. �Broussillon�s extract of the same document names �Jeanne� as the daughter who was betrothed: the marriage contract between "Charles d�Albret et Marie de Sully...leur fille Jeanne" and �_Charles fils de Jean de Montagu et de Marcoussis et de Jacqueline de la Grange_� is dated 6 Jan 1404 (O.S.)[190].� m (contract 6 Jan 1405, 1409) CHARLES de Montagu Vidame de Laon, son of JEAN de Montagu & his wife Jacqueline de la Grange (1396-killed in battle Agincourt 25 Oct 1415).�

b) JEANNE d�Albret (1403-1433).� A contract dated 12 Jun 1411 records a payment made by "Archambaut comte de Foix" to "sire d�Albret Charles" for the marriage of "madame de Grelly fille dudict d�Albret"[191].� This document is presumably misdated, assuming that it is correct that Jean�s first wife died in 1413.� The 15th century Chronicle of Esquerrier records the second marriage 23 May 1422 of "Mossen Johan" and "Madona Johana de Labrit"[192].� m (betrothed [12 Jun 1411], 23 May 1422) as his second wife, JEAN Comte de Foix, son of ARCHAMBAUD de Grailly Captal de Buch & his wife Isabelle Ctss de Foix et de Bigorre (1382-Maz�res, Ari�ge 4 May 1436).�

c) CHARLES [II] (1407-1471).� "Charles d�Albret fils de Charles d�Albret" took possession of �sa ville de N�rac_� by charter dated 13 Jan 1415 (O.S.)[193]. �Seigneur d�Albret.� Comte de Dreux.� m ([1417]) ANNE d�Armagnac, daughter of BERNARD [VII] d�Armagnac Comte de Charolais & his wife Bonne de Berry (1402-).� The testament of "Bonne de Berry comtesse d�Armaganc et de Rhodes vicomtesse de Carlades, veuve de Bernard comte d�Armagnac et Rhodes", dated 18 Sep 1430, bequeathed property to �...Anne d�Armagnac dame d�Albret sa fille_�[194].� Charles [II] & his wife had seven children:�

i) JEAN d�Albret (-after 3 Jan 1468).� P�re Anselme records that his father obliged his three sons Jean, Arnaud Amanieu and Charles to accept the constitution of the Albret family by charter dated 19 Nov 1456[195].�Vicomte de Tartas.� Seigneur d�Albret.�

-������� see below.�

ii) LOUIS d�Albret (1422-Rome 4 Sep 1465, bur Ara-C�li).� His existence as second son is confirmed by Jean Chartier�s Chronique de Charles VII which names his brother �_le seigneur d�Orval_� as third son of �_[le] conte d�Albret_� (see below).� Bishop of Cahors.� Bishop of Aire.� Cardinal 15 Jan 1461.�

iii) ARNAUD AMANIEU d�Albret (-Roussillon 1463).� P�re Anselme records that his father obliged his three sons Jean, Arnaud Amanieu and Charles to accept the constitution of the Albret family by charter dated 19 Nov 1456[196].�Seigneur d�Orval.� Jean Chartier�s Chronique de Charles VII records that �_le seigneur d�Orval, troisiesme fils du conte d�Albret_�, based �_en la cit� de Basas_�, fought the English around Bordeaux, dated to [Oct/Nov] 1450 from the context[197].� Baron de Lesparre.� m (contract 25 Nov 1457) as her second husband, ISABELLE de la Tour, widow of GUILLAUME de Blois-Ch�tillon-Blois Vicomte de Limoges, daughter of BERTRAND de La Tour Comte d�Auvergne et de Boulogne & his wife Jacquette du Peschin (-8 Sep 1488).� The marriage contract of "Arnaud Amanieu d�Albret seigneur d�Orval" and "damoyselle Isabeau de la Tour" is dated 25 Nov 1457[198].� Arnaud Amanieu & his wife had three children:�

(a) JEAN d�Albret (-10 May 1524).� He is named and his parentage recorded in the marriage contract of his sister Fran�oise dated 3 Mar 1479 (see below).� Seigneur d�Orval.�Comte de Rethel.� m (15 Apr 1486) CHARLOTTE de Nevers, daughter of JEAN de Nevers Comte de Rethel [Bourgogne-Valois] & his second wife Pauline de Brosse-Bretagne ([1472]-Ch�teau de Meillan-en-Berry 23 Aug 1500, bur Ch�teau de Meillan-en-Berry).� A charter dated 14 May 1488 records that, despite the marriage contract between �_Jean d�Albret sire d�Orval_� and �_Jean de Bourgogne comte de Nevers...[sa fille] Charlotte de Bourgogne_�, the former consented to his wife�s father enjoying �_la comt� d�Eu..._�[199].� She succeeded in 1491 as Ctss de Rethel.� Jean & his wife had three children:�

(1) MARIE d�Albret (25 Mar 1491-Paris 27 Oct 1549, bur Nevers Franciscan Church).� The marriage contract between �Charles de Cl�ves_� (with the consent of �_Angilbert comte de Nevers et d�Eu son fr�re [error for _p�re_]� and �_Charlotte de Bourbon sa m�re_�) and �_Marie d�Albret_� (with the consent of �_Jean d�Albret comte de Rethel, sgr d�Orval_�) is dated 23 Apr 1505[200].� Ctss de Rethel.� m (25 Jan 1504 contract Donzy 23 Apr 1505) her first cousin, CHARLES de Cleve Comte de Nevers, son of ENGELBERT von Kleve Comte de Nevers & his wife Charlotte de Bourbon-Vend�me (-Paris Louvre 17 Aug 1521, bur Nevers Franciscan Church).�

(2) HELENE d�Albret (Montrond 16 Jul 1495-Donzy 28 Oct 1519).� P�re Anselme records her betrothal to Louis Comte d�Auxerre [Kleve] and the date and place of her death before her marriage[201].�Betrothed to LOUIS de Cleve Comte d�Auxerre, son of ENGELBERT van Kleve Comte de Nevers & his wife Charlotte de Bourbon-Vend�me (-24 Sep 1545, bur Nevers Franciscan Church).�

(3) CHARLOTTE d�Albret .� m(1520) ODET de Foix Vicomte de Lautrec, Comte de Comminges, son of JEAN de Foix Vicomte de Lautrec et de Villemur & his wife Jeanne d�Aydie (-Naples 15 Aug 1528).�

(b) GABRIEL d�Albret (-after 14 Jun 1496).� He is named and his parentage recorded in the marriage contract of his sister Fran�oise dated 3 Mar 1479 (see below).� Seigneur de l�Esparre.� P�re Anselme records his testament dated 14 Jun 1496[202].�

(c) FRAN�OISE d�Albret (-Donzy 20 Mar 1521).� The marriage contract between �_Jehan duc de Brabant, comte de Nevers_� and �_Fran�oise d�Albret fille de feu Arnaud Amenjeu d�Albret baron d�Orval et de Isabelle de la Tour fille de feu le comte de Bologne, s�ur de Jean d�Albret sgr d�Orval et de Gabriel d�Albret sgr de l�Esparre_� is dated 3 Mar 1479[203].� Pope Sixtus IV issued dispensation for the marriage of �_Jean de Bourgogne comte de Nevers_� and �_Fran�oise d�Albret, sa parente aux 3�me et 4�me degr�s_� dated 22 Apr 1479[204].� m (contract Ch�teau de Chebus-Cherol, Limousin 3 Mar 1479, Papal dispensation 22 Apr 1479, 11 Mar 1480) as his third wife, JEAN de Nevers Comte de Nevers et de Rethel, son of PHILIPPE de Bourgogne Comte de Nevers et de Rethel [Bourgogne-Valois] & his second wife Bonne d�Artois (Clamecy 25 Oct 1415-Nevers 25 Sep 1491, bur Nevers).�

iv) CHARLES (-beheaded Poitiers 7 Apr 1473).�P�re Anselme records that his father obliged his three sons Jean, Arnaud Amanieu and Charles to accept the constitution of the Albret family by charter dated 19 Nov 1456[205].� Seigneur de Sainte-Bazeille.� The Chronique Scandaleuse of Louis XI records that �_le Cadet d�Alebret fils du Conte d�Alebret_�, who had accompanied �_[le] seigneur de Beaujeu_� at Lectoure but who had betrayed him �_au Comte d�Armignac_�, was captured 7 Apr 1472 (O.S.) and imprisoned at Poitiers, where he was tried, sentenced and beheaded on the same day[206].� m (contract 18 Aug 1472) as her first husband, MARIE d�Astarac, daughter of JEAN [II] Comte d�Astarac & his second wife Jeanne de Courasse.� The marriage contract of "Charles d�Albret seigneur de Saincte Bazeilhe" and "dame Marye d�Astarac, fille de Jehan conte d�Astarac" is dated 18 Aug 1472[207].� She married secondly Jean de Savignac Seigneur de Belcastel.�

v) GILLES d�Albret (-after 8 Aug 1479).� P�re Anselme records that he was named son of Charles [II] Seigneur d�Albret in the letters of legitimation of his illegitimate son Etienne, and that his testament was dated 8 Aug 1479[208].� Seigneur de Castelmoron.� m (contract 10 Dec 1463) ANNE d�Aiguillon, daughter of ---.� P�re Anselme records her marriage contract dated 10 Dec 1463[209].� Gilles had one illegitimate child by JEANNE le Sellier, daughter of ---:�

(a) ETIENNE b�tard d�Albret .� Seigneur de Miossans.� m (contract 1510) FRAN�OISE de B�arn Dame de Miossans, daughter of PIERRE Baron de Miossans & his wife Catherine de B�arn.�

- BARONS de MIOSSANS[210].�

vi) MARIE d�Albret (-after 4 Jan 1485).� Pope Calixtus III issued dispensation for the marriage of �_Charles comte de Nevers_� and �_Marie d�Albret fille de Charles comte d�Albret, sa cousine_� dated 1 Jan 1455[211].� The marriage contract between �_Charles comte de Nevers et de Rethel_� and �_Marie d�Albret fille de Charles sgr d�Albret, comte de Dreux et de Gavre et captal de Buch, et de Anne d�Armagnac sa femme_� is dated 25 Jun 1455[212].�m (Papal dispensation 1 Jan 1455, contract 25 Jun 1455, 11 Jun 1456) CHARLES de Nevers Comte de Nevers et de Rethel, son of PHILIPPE de Bourgogne Comte de Nevers et de Rethel [Bourgogne-Valois] & his second wife Bonne d�Artois (1414-May 1464, bur Nevers St Cyr).�

vii) JEANNE d�Albret (-Parthenay [20] Sep 1444).� Ctss de Dreux.� m (Nerac 29 Aug 1442) as his second wife, ARTHUR de Bretagne Duc de Touraine, Comte de Montfort, son of JEAN V "le Vaillant" Duke of Brittany & his third wife Infanta do�a Juana de Navarra (Ch�teau Succinio near Vannes 24 Aug 1393-Ch�teau Nantes 26 Dec 1458).� He succeeded his nephew in 1457 as ARTHUR III "le Justicier" Duke of Brittany, pair de France.�

Charles [II] had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:�

viii) GILLES b�tard d�Albret .� Seigneur de Meilhan.� Vicomte de Men�or.� m MARGUERITE Dame d�Usa, daughter of ---.� P�re Anselme records that Gilles, illegitimate son of Charles [II] Seigneur d�Albret, married �_Marguerite dame d�Usa, s�ur de Jean de Lure, suivant les titres du tresor de Montignac_�[213].�

d) GUILLAUME d�Albret (-killed in battle near Orl�ans 1429).� Seigneur d�Orval.� Jean Chartier�s Chronique de Charles VII records �le sire d�Orval, fr�re du sire d�Albreth_� among those who attacked the English at Le Mans, dated to 1424 from the context[214].� Jean Chartier�s Chronique de Charles VII names �...le sire d�Orval_� among those killed near Orl�ans, dated to 1429 from the context[215].�

e) JEAN d�Albret (-after 1415).� P�re Anselme names �_Jean d�Albret_� as third son of Charles [I] Seigneur d�Albret, adding that he was named in a charter dated 1415 (no citation reference) and died unmarried[216].�

1. LOUIS d�Albret (-after 4 Jan 1376, maybe after 1406).� P�re Anselme names �_Louis d�Albret seigneur de Langoiran en 1372_� as second son of Arnaud Amanieu [VIII] Seigneur d�Albret, adding that he was named �_neveu_� of Charles V King of France in a charter dated 4 Jan 1375 (presumably O.S.) and died young[217].� According to Europ�ische Stammtafeln, Louis was his father�s older son and was named in 1406[218].�

2. MARGUERITE d�Albret (-Bordeaux 1453).� The marriage contract of "Gaston comte de Foix" and "madame Marguerite d�Albret" is dated 19 May 1410[219].� The receipt for the dowry paid by "Gaston de Foix captal de Buchz, viscomtes de Benauges" to "messire Charles d�Albret, conestable de France" for his marriage to "Marguerite d�Albret�s�ur du dict d�Albret" is dated 24 Dec 1414[220].� P�re Anselme records her testament dated 1453[221].�m(contract 19 May 1410) GASTON [IV] de Foix Comte de Longueville, son of ARCHAMBAUD de Grailly Captal de Buch & his wife Isabelle Ctss de Foix et de Bigorre (-after 1455).�

JEAN d�Albret, son of CHARLES [II] d�Albret Comte de Dreux & his wife Anne d�Armagnac (-after 3 Jan 1468).� Vicomte de Tartas.� P�re Anselme records that his father obliged his three sons Jean, Arnaud Amanieu and Charles to accept the constitution of the Albret family by charter dated 19 Nov 1456[222].�P�re Anselme records his testament dated 3 Jan 1467 (presumably O.S.)[223].�

m (before 20 Sep 1447) as her second husband, CATHERINE de Rohan, widow of JACQUES de Dinan Seigneur de Beaumanoir, de Ch�teaubriand et de Montafilant, daughter of ALAIN [IX] Vicomte de Rohan et de L�on Vicomte de Porho�t & his first wife Marguerite de Bretagne (-after 24 Mar 1471).� P�re Anselme records her parentage and two marriages, without providing any information about the primary sources on which this information is based[224].�

Jean & his wife had four children:�

1. ALAIN (-1522).� Seigneur d�Albret.� Comte de Gavre.� Comte de P�rigord.� Comte de Castres.� m (Papal dispensation 20 Jan 1462) FRAN�OISE de Blois-Ch�tillon Vicomtesse de Limoges, daughter of GUILLAUME de Blois dit de Bretagne Vicomte de Limoges & his wife Isabelle de la Tour d�Auvergne (-after 1488).� The dispensation for the marriage of "messire Allain sire d�Albret" and "dame Francoyse de Bretaigne", despite their 3o and 4o consanguinity, is dated 20 Jan 1462[225].� Alain & his wife had eight children:�

a) JEAN ([1477]-Esgoarrabaque, near Monein 17 Jun 1516, bur Lascar).� R. Anthony suggests his birth �_en 1477_�, noting his oath of allegiance 30 Oct 1491 �_c�est-�-dire � quatorze ans, �ge de majorit� des princes_�[226].�Vicomte de Tartas.� He succeeded in 1484 as JUAN (III) joint King of Navarre, by right of his wife.� Notes �_du Syndic Pierre de Tisn�s_� record his date and place of death, and his burial in �_la glisie cathedral de Lascar_� in the presence of his widow and �_las tres filles, Anna, Cathalina et Quitheria_�[227].� A 15th/16th century manuscript records the death 17 Jun 1516 of �_Johannes rex Navarre, filius Alani, Domini de Lebreto_� and his burial �_in ecclesia cathedrali Lascurrensi_�[228].� m (contract Orthez 14 Jul 1484, consummated 1491) CATALINA Queen of Navarre, Ctss de Foix et de Bigorre, Vicomtesse de B�arn, daughter of GASTON de Foix Infante de Navarra Principe de Viana & his wife Madeleine de France (1470-Mont-de-Marsan [12] Feb 1517 bur Lescar).� Follow the hyperlink below for her sources.�

-������� KINGS of NAVARRE.�

b) AMANIEU d�Albret (-Castel-Jaloux en Bazadois 2 Sep 1520, bur Castel-Jaloux). �Cardinal 1500.� Bishop of Pamiers.�

c) PIERRE d�Albret .� Comte de P�rigord.�

d) GABRIEL d�Albret (-after 10 Oct 1503).� Seigneur d�Avesnes.� Viceroy of Naples.� P�re Anselme records his testament dated 10 Oct 1503, naming his brother Cardinal d�Albret as his heir[229].�

e) LOUISE (-21 Sep 1531).� Vicomtesse de Limoges.� Charles VIII King of France gave permission "au sire d�Albret" to negotiate the marriage of "Louyse d�Albret sa fille" to "le prince de Chimay" by letters dated 1496, their contract of marriage being dated 1495[230].�m (9 Dec 1495) CHARLES de Cro� Prince de Chimay, son of PHILIPPE de Cro� Comte de Chimay & his wife Walpurga von M�rs (-1527).�

f) ISABELLE .� P�re Anselme records her marriage contract dated 30 Jan 1494 (O.S./N.S.?)[231].�m(contract 30 Jan 1494) as his second wife, GASTON de Foix Comte de Candale, son of JEAN de Foix Comte de Benauges & his wife Margaret Kerdeston (-1500 after 25 Mar).�

g) CHARLOTTE d�Albret (-11 Mar 1514).� Her marriage contract is dated 10 May 1499[232].� Dame de Chalus.� P�re Anselme records her testament dated 11 May 1513, under which she appointed �_Louise de Borgia dame de Morte-Fueilly en Berry sa fille unique_� as her heir[233].� m (10 May 1499) CESARE Borgia Duca d�Urbino, illegitimate son of RODRIGO de Borja [Pope ALEXANDER VI]� & his mistress Vanozza de' Cataneis (1475-killed in battle Viana 1507).�

h) ANNE d�Albret .� P�re Anselme names Anne d�Albret �_nomm�e au testament de sa mere_�[234].�

Alain had one illegitimate son by an unknown mistress:�

i) LOUIS d�Albret (-Lescar 21 Aug 1569), bur [Lescar]).� R. Anthony records his parentage, date and place of death, and possible place of burial[235].� Bishop of Lescar 1556[236]: R. Anthony records his nomination 25 Jan 1555 (O.S.?)[237].�

1. LOUIS d�Albret (-after 1473).� Cardinal 1473.�

2. MARIE d�Albret (-after 7 Aug 1514).� m(1480) BONFILE de Juge Comte de Castres, son of --- (-before 7 Aug 1514).�

3. JEANNE LOUISE d�Albret (-8 Sep 1494).� Mistress of JEAN II "le Bon" Duc de Bourbon et d�Auvergne, son of CHARLES I Duc de Bourbon et d'Auvergne & his wife Agn�s de Bourgogne [Valois] (Ch�teau de Moulins, Allier 30 Aug 1426[238]-Ch�teau de Moulins 1 Apr 1488, bur Priory of Souvigny).� m (1480) JACQUES Seigneur d�Estouteville et de Vallemont, son of MICHEL Seigneur d'Estouteville et de Vallemont & his wife Marie Dame de La Rocheguyon (-12 Mar 1489).�

Chapter 2.��� VICOMTES de DAX

A.����� VICOMTES de DAX

The vicomt� of Dax, north of Bayonne, was founded in the 10th century and included within its territory the baronnie de Marensin.� It was created a royal town in 1177[239].� The vicomt� included the seigneurie de Mixe (which included the baronnies de Luxe, de Gramont, de Bergouey, de Sorhapuru et d�Escos) and the seigneurie d�Ostabaret (including the baronnies d�Ostabat et de Lantabat), which became vassal of the kingdom of Navarre in 1196[240].� It should be emphasised that the reconstructions of the families in this chapter are based mainly on a logical interpretation of the patronymics given in the primary sources.� The reconstructions appear reasonably robust, but other interpretations of the information are possible.�

ARNAUD [I] Loup, son of --- (-after [Nov 1028]).� Vicomte de Dax.� "�Wastonis Centulli vicecomitis, Lupi Anerii vicecomitis, Ernaldi Lupi vicecomitis Aquensis" subscribed the charter dated 980 under which Arsius Bishop of Bayonne listed the possessions of the bishopric[241].�"�Anelup de Loron, Lobaner filii eius, Arnaldi Lupi de Aquis�" signed the charter dated 3 Apr [1009] under which "Bernardus Willelmus comes�cum germano meo Sancio" confirmed the foundation of Saint-Sever by "genitor meus Willelmus Sancio comes"[242].� The _Historia Abbati� Condomensis_quotes a charter dated 29 Jul 1011 under which "Ugo�Pr�sul, secundum lineam carnis eidem Duci propinquis et affinis", with the consent of "�Arnaldo Lupo Vicecomite�", donated property to the convent of Condom[243].� According to Jaurgain, Arnaud Loup Vicomte de Dax was the second son of Aner Loup Vicomte d�Oloron.� He cites no primary source and presumably bases his hypothesis solely on the patronymic.� However, it is likely that all the persons who consented to the 29 Jul 1011 donation were the close relatives and heirs of the donor.� If this is correct, the absence of Aner Loup Vicomte d�Oloron, and other members of his family, would be surprising if he was the older brother of Vicomte Arnaud Loup and would have had greater seniority in the claim to the estate.� "�Arnaldo Lupi�" signed the charter dated Nov 1028 under which "Comes Sancio" confirmed the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Sever by "pater meus Willelmus Sancio"[244], although it is not known whether the subscriber was the same person as Arnaud [I] Loup Vicomte de Dax.�

m ---.� The name of Arnaud�s wife is not known.�

Arnaud [I] & his wife had [two] children:�

1. ARNAUD [II] "Fortis" (-after [1050]).� Vicomte de Dax.� "�Arnaldus vicecomes Aquensis�" is named as present in the charter dated to [1022] under which "Sancius�totius Gasconni� princeps et dux" founded the monastery of St Hilaire-de-Lassun, later known as St P�-de-G�n�r�s[245].�An undated charter records the donation by "Santius�comes" to Bordeaux Saint-Seurin and the confirmation after his death by his successor "eius nepos�Odo", signed by "Centullus de Bearnt, Arnaldus Aquensis, Willelmus Lup, Aichelmus Guillelmi, Andro Auriohl"[246].� "Arnaldus Fortis vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax by charter dated to [1052/57][247].� According to Jaurgain, Arnaud [II] Vicomte de Dax was at war with Centule [IV] Gaston Vicomte de B�arn, and one of the former�s vassals, Garcia Guillaume de Salies, offered to betray and kill his suzerain, dated to [1050][248].� He cites no primary source on which his statement is based, except the cartulaire de Lescar which records that Centule [IV] seized the village of Caresse and granted it to Garcia Guillaume de Salies[249].� m ---.� The name of Arnaud's wife is not known.� Arnaud [II] & his wife had three children:�

a) RAYMOND Arnaud [I] (-after 3 Dec 1088).� Vicomte de Dax.� Jaurgain states that Garcia Arnaud, second son of Arnaud [I], expelled his nephew Raymond Arnaud from the viscomt� de Dax in [1058/59], Raymond Arnaud retaking possession after his uncle died in [1065][250].� "Raimundus Arnaldi vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax by charter dated to after 1070[251].� "Raymond Arnaud vicomte de Dax et Arnaud Garcia seigneur de Mixe" acted as guarantors for the adverseraries of Bernard Bishop of Lescar in the affair of the church of Carresse, in the presence of "Garcia Marre d�Orthe", by charter dated 1072[252].� "Raimundo Arnaldi vicecomite Aquensi, Bornemo Sancio vicecomite Maritimensi, Lupo Garsia vicecomite Aortensi atque fratre eius Wilelmo Garcia de Polione, Raimundo Robberto vicecomite Tartasensi" are named as present at an assembly at Saint-Pierre de la R�ole held to settle a dispute between the bishops of Dax and Oloron, dated to [1082][253].� "�vicecomitis R. Aquis�" witnessed a charter dated 3 Dec 1088 under which property was restored to Saint-Seurin de Bordeaux[254].� m ---.� The name of Raymond Arnaud's wife is not known. �Raymond Arnaud [I] & his wife had two children:

i) NAVAR (-killed in battle [1090] or after).� His parentage is confirmed by the cartulary of Dax which records that "Navarro filio eius" succeeded on the death of "Raimundo Arnaldo vicecomite Aquensi", that war broke out with Centule [V] Gaston Vicomte de B�arn over the latter�s relative Arnaud Raymond archdeacon of Dax who Vicomte Navarre had captured, and that Navar was killed in battle[255].� Vicomte de Dax.� "Vicecomes Navarrus et Navarra soror illius" donated property to Dax for the killing of "sui consobrini�Garsie Marre" by charter dated to [1080/90][256].� A charter dated to [1105/1118] records the history of property donated to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde, dating one event by reference to "mortuus erat vicecomes Aquensis�Navar"[257].�

ii) NAVARE (-after [1080/90]).� "Vicecomes Navarrus et Navarra soror illius" donated property to Dax for the killing of "sui consobrini�Garsie Marre" by charter dated to [1080/90][258].�

b) GARCIA Arnaud (-after [1060]).� Raymond Arnaud vicomte de Dax "[et] Odonem Uriensem et Garsia Arnaldi fratre eorum" were present at the removal of the cathedral of Saint-Vincent de Sentes to Dax, dated to [1056][259].� Vicomte d�Orthe.�

-������� VICOMTES d�ORTHE.�

c) ODON .� Raymond Arnaud vicomte de Dax "[et] Odonem Uriensem et Garsia Arnaldi fratre eorum" were present at the removal of the cathedral of Saint-Vincent de Sentes to Dax, dated to [1056][260].� Seigneur d��yre, viguier de Dax.�

1. GARCIA Arnaud (-[1065]).� Vicomte de Dax.� Jaurgain states that Garcia Arnaud, second son of Arnaud [I], expelled his nephew Raymond Arnaud from the vicomt� de Dax in [1058/59] and held the title until his death[261].� "B. Tumpaler comes Gasconi� et vicecomes Aquensis Garsie Arnaud, et Od Guilem vicarius de Salies" donated property to the church of Sainte-Marie de Lescar by charter dated to [end 1061][262].�

-������� SEIGNEURS de MIXE et d�OSTABARET.���

1. BERNARD .� m ---.� The name of Bernard's wife is not known.� Bernard & his wife had one child:

a) ARNAUD BERNARD (-killed before [1080/90]).� "Garsias Marre consanguineus Navarri vicecomitis Aquensis" donated property to Dax for having killed "consanguineum suum Arnaldum Bernaldum" by undated charter[263].�

1. ARNAUD [III] .� According to Jaurgain, "Arnaud [III] Raymond" father of Pierre Arnaud was the second son of Raymond [I] Arnaud Vicomte de Dax and succeeded his brother Navarre briefly as Vicomte de Dax[264].� He cites no primary source on which this is based, and gives the impression that the patronymic "Raymond" is attributed to him only because this fits with the hypothesis.� It appears that there is no proof of his existence other than the patronymic given to his son.� m ---.� The name of Arnaud�s wife is not known.� Arnaud [III] & his wife had three children:�

a) PIERRE [I] Arnaud (-[1140/42]).� Vicomte de Dax.� Jaurgain records that Pierre Arnaud, and his relative Daton-Arnaud Seigneur de Mixe et d�Ostabaret, killed archdeacon Arnaud-Raymond in revenge for the killing Navarre Vicomte de Dax, and that Gaston [IV] Vicomte de B�arn invaded and conquered the vicomt�, holding it until after 1102[265].� A charter dated to [1105/1119] records the history of property donated to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde, naming "vicecomite Petro Arnalt"[266].� "Petrus de Ax�vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax under his testament, the donation being annulled by "Guirelda soror eius" who was his heiress, as recounted in a charter dated to before 1143[267].� The cartulaire de Dax records that "Petrus de Ax�vicecomes Aquensis" was killed in battle defending his viscomt� against Pierre de Gabarret Vicomte de B�arn[268].�

b) GRISET .� Knight Templar.� "Dompnus Grisetus patruus eius Templi Hierosolymitani frater" challenged the succession of "filius eius [Guirelda] Raimundus Arnaldi" to Dax, as recounted in a charter dated to before 1143[269].�

c) GUIRELDA .� "Petrus de Ax�vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax under his testament, the donation being annulled by "Guirelda soror eius" who was his heiress, as recounted in a charter dated to before 1143[270].� m ([1095]) ARNAUD Dat de Mixe, son of DATON --- & his wife ---.�

-������� VICOMTES de DAX.���

B.����� SEIGNEURS de MIXE et d�OSTABARET

GARCIA Arnaud, son of ARNAUD [I] Loup Vicomte de Dax & his wife --- (-[1065]). �Vicomte de Dax.� Jaurgain states that Garcia Arnaud, second son of Arnaud [I], expelled his nephew Raymond Arnaud from the viscomt� de Dax in [1058/59] and held the title until his death[271].� "B. Tumpaler comes Gasconi� et vicecomes Aquensis Garsie Arnaud, et Od Guilem vicarius de Salies" donated property to the church of Sainte-Marie de Lescar by charter dated to [end 1061][272].� A charter dated to after Aug 1062 records that, after "Guido Pictavensis�habuit Gasconiam", he sent "Gassiarnaldum vicecomitem Aquis" to hear a dispute involving Raymond "le Vieux" Bishop of Lescar[273].�"Garsiearnaldus de Ax�et filius eius Leofrancus post eum" declared war on Centule [V] Vicomte de B�arn after the death of Raymond "le Vieux" Bishop of Lescar and captured Muret whose church had been built by the bishop, recorded in a charter dated to [1062][274].� "Garcias Arnaldus vicecomes Aquensis et uxor mea Auria" donated property to Saint-Sever by undated charter[275].� Raymond Arnaud retook possession of the vicomt� after the death of Garcia Arnaud[276].�

m AURIA, daughter of --- (-29 Jan, after [1065]).� "Garcias Arnaldus vicecomes Aquensis et uxor mea Auria" donated property to Saint-Sever by undated charter[277].�"Auria�vicecomitissa" donated property to Saint-Sever by charter dated to after [1065][278].� The necrology of Saint-Sever records the death "IV Kal Feb" of "Auria vicecomitissa, conversa"[279].�

Garcia Arnaud & his wife had three children:�

1. ARNAUD Garcia (-after 1072).� Seigneur de Mixe et d�Ostabaret.� "Raymond Arnaud vicomte de Dax et Arnaud Garcia seigneur de Mixe" acted as guarantors for the adverseraries of Bernard Bishop of Lescar in the affair of the church of Carresse, in the presence of "Garcia Marre d�Orthe", by charter dated 1072[280].�m ---.� The name of Arnaud�s wife is not known.� Arnaud Garcia & his wife had [two] children:�

a) DAT Arnaud (-[after 1090]).� Jaurgain records that Pierre Arnaud, and his relative Daton-Arnaud Seigneur de Mixe et d�Ostabaret, killed archdeacon Arnaud-Raymond in revenge for the killing Navarre Vicomte de Dax, and that Gaston [IV] Vicomte de B�arn invaded and conquered the vicomt�, holding it until after 1102[281].�m GALARDE, daughter of ---.� A charter dated to [1105/18] recounts that "Gilem Arramon miles dominus de Besla-Campia" appointed "consobrinum Dat Arnalt de Amixa" guardian of his children "Garsia Gilem et Fort Gilem et Arremon Gilem et Bernad Gilem�omnes�parvuli", that Dat Arnaud seized the village, and that, after the death of "vicecomes Aquensis�Navar", "uxor Dat Arnalt, Gualarde�et Arremon Dat filium suum" were obliged to restore the property to the sole surviving brother "Bernard Gilem"[282].� Dat Arnaud & his wife had [two] children:�

i) RAYMOND Dat de Mixe (-1119).� A charter dated to [1105/18] recounts that "uxor Dat Arnalt, Gualarde�et Arremon Dat filium suum" were obliged to restore property to "Bernard Gilem"[283].�

ii) [ARNAUD [Dat] de Mixe(-[1140]).� Jaurgain states that Arnaud was the son of Dat Arnaud Seigneur de Mixe and that he was father of the later vicomtes de Dax[284].� However, he cites no primary source which confirms either Arnaud�s parentage or his marriage.� Nor is it clear whether the patronymic "Dat" is accorded to him by Jaurgain because it fits his hypothesis or whether there is a primary source, not yet identified, which confirms that it is correct.]��

-������� VICOMTES de DAX.�

b) [GARCIA Arnaud(-after 1080).� Jaurgain records a manuscript genealogy written by O�henart (early 17th century) which records Garcia Arnaud, younger son of Arnaud Garcia, as living in 1080 "d�apr�s les documents qu�il avait recueillis" but comments that "on y rencontre quelques erreurs de filiation"[285].� Jaurgain does not cite any of the sources on which this genealogy is based, and it is likely that no new information will be found in other sources to confirm the relationship if Jaurgain himself was not able to find any.� The difficulty with accepting O�henart at face value is the weakness of 17th century French aristocrats for "proving" their descent from the Merovingian monarchs, as demonstrated by the fabricated Alarcon documents which are discussed in the Introduction to the Gascony group of documents.� Jaurgain�s books suggest that O�henart was a competent historian: where it has been possible to check the sources he cites against published cartularies and chronicles, no discrepancies have been observed.� It is also clear that many sources which were available in the early 17th century have since disappeared.� Nevertheless, doubt must remain and it is considered prudent to show "Garcia Arnaud" in square brackets in this document.]�

-������� SEIGNEURS de LUXE[286].�

1. [BERGON [Garcia] .� Jaurgain records "Bergon I Garcia seigneur de Gramont" as second son of Garcia Arnaud Vicomte de Dax, referring to the history of the Gramont family written in 1874[287].� Jaurgain is scathing about the accuracy of this 1874 history, noting that it shows Garcia Arnaud as "seigneur d�Agramont en Aragon vers l�an 900", father of "Arnaud I seigneur d�Agramont�ricombre de Navarre en 905", who was in turn father of "Bergon seigneur d�Agramont ricombre de Navarre en 950, p�re de Garcia-Bergon, aussi ricombre de Navarre, mort en 1100".� He cites no other source which confirms Bergon Garcia�s parentage.� A charter dated to [1105/19] records that "Bergon Garsias, Bernardus monachus frater Bergon Garsias" donated property which "pater suus Garsia Bergon" granted him, and naming other family members[288].� This would appear to refer to the son and grandsons of this Bergon [Garcia].� The patronymic "[Garcia]" is shown in this document in square brackets as, once again, it is not clear whether it is confirmed by a primary source or whether it was added by Jaurgain because it fitted his hypothesis.� Similar doubts regarding the descent of the Gramont family must exist as are referred to above in respect of the Luxe family.]�

-������� SEIGNEURS de GRAMONT[289].�

1. [LEOFRANC(-[1095] or after).� The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified, but his possession of Muret suggests that he was the son of Garcia Arnaud.�� "Leofrancus", suffering from leprosy, restored the castle of Muret to the bishop of Lescar by charter dated to [1095][290].]�

C.����� VICOMTES de DAX (SEIGNEURS de MIXE et d�OSTABARET)

ARNAUD[Dat][de Mixe], son of [DAT Arnaud --- & his wife Galarde ---] (-[1140]).� Jaurgain states that Arnaud was the son of Dat Arnaud Seigneur de Mixe and that he was father of the later vicomtes de Dax[291].� However, he cites no primary source which confirms either Arnaud�s parentage or his marriage.� Nor is it clear whether the patronymic "Dat" is accorded to him by Jaurgain because it fits his hypothesis or whether there is a primary source, not yet identified, which confirms that it is correct.�� �

m ([1095]) GUIRELDA de Dax, daughter of ARNAUD [III] de Dax & his wife ---.� "Petrus de Ax�vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax under his testament, the donation being annulled by "Guirelda soror eius" who was his heiress, as recounted in a charter dated to before 1143[292].� The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified.��

Arnaud & his wife had one child:�

1. RAYMOND ARNAUD [II] (-[1167]).� "Guirelda soror eius [Petrus de Ax�vicecomes Aquensis]" was succeeded in Dax by "filius eius Raimundus Arnaldi", as recounted in a charter dated to before 1143[293].�Vicomte de Dax.� "Raimundus Arnaldi vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax by charter dated to before 1143[294].� m ([1130]) as her second husband, ESTEFANIA [de Barcelona, widow of CENTULE [II] Comte de Bigorre, daughter of RAMON BERENGUER [III] Comte de Barcelona & his third wife Dulce Ctss de Provence] ([1118]-).� The primary source which confirms her parentage and two marriages has not yet been identified.� She is not named as one of the daughters of Comte Ramon Berenguer [III] by Bofarull[295].� Raymond Arnaud [II] & his wife had two children:�

a) PIERRE [II] (-[1177/80]).� "Petrus vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax "mortuo Raimundo Arnaldi patre suo" by charter dated to [1167/77][296].� Vicomte de Dax.� Roger of Hoveden records that "Ricardus�comes Pictavie" (the future Richard I King of England) besieged Dax "post Natale" in 1177 and that "Petrus vicecomes Akensis et comes Bigorni�" capitulated after ten days[297].� m [as her first husband, BEATRIX [III] Ctss de Bigorre, daughter of CENTULE [III] Comte de Bigorre & his wife Matelle de Baux (-after 1192).� Her supposed first marriage is deduced from Roger of Hoveden who names her supposed husband "Petrus vicecomes Akensis et comes Bigorni�" when recording the capitulation of the town of Dax in 1177[298].�The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified.� She married secondly (1180, divorced after 1192) as his first wife, Bernard [IV] Comte de Comminges.� Pierre [II] & his wife had one child:�

i) NAVARRA de Dax .� The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.� m ARNAUD RAYMOND Vicomte de Tartas, son of ---.�

b) NAVAR (-1215).� Canon of Dax.� Bishop of Couserans.� Abb� de Combelongue[299].�

Chapter 3.��� VICOMTES de LABOURD, VICOMTES de BAYONNE

The vicomt� of Labourd was created by Sancho III "el Mayor" King of Navarre in [1023] in the south-west part of Gascony adjacent to the kingdom of Navarre.� Labourd reverted to the dukes of Gascony in [1034][300].� The vicomt� of Arberoue was formed in part of the vicomt� of Labourd in the later 11th century[301].� The vicomt� of Labourd was more commonly referred to in primary sources as the vicomt� of Bayonne from the mid-12th century.�

Two brothers:�

1. LOPE S�nchez (-[1058/60]).� According to Jaurgain, Lope S�nchez was the son of Sancho Ram�rez de Navarra, grandson of Garc�a III King of Navarre (see NAVARRE KINGS)[302].� However, it is not clear that this parentage is confirmed by the primary sources which he cites.� The difficulty is that there were at least three different Navarrese noblemen named Lope S�nchez in the first half of the 11th century (see NAVARRE NOBILITY) and no confirmation has been found that any of them was the son of Sancho Ram�rez.� Jaurgain also states that Sancho III "le Mayor" King of Navarre invested his cousin, Lope S�nchez son of Sancho Ram�rez, as Vicomte de Labourd, the territory of which included the valleys of Arberoue, Oss�s, Cize, Irissary, Iholdy et Armendarits, but he does not cite the primary source which confirms that this is correct[303].� A charter dated to [1059/61] records that "vicecomitem ipsius civitatis [=Labourd] Fortunum Santium�fratremque eius Lupum Santium" donated the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne to Raymond Bishop of Bayonne, witnessed by "Forto Santius, Anegalinus Lupus Anerius, Santius Fort, Garsianer, Rexmirus"[304].�

2. FORT�N S�nchez (-1062 or after).� A charter dated to [1059/61] records that "vicecomitem ipsius civitatis [=Labourd] Fortunum Santium�fratremque eius Lupum Santium" donated the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne to Raymond Bishop of Bayonne, witnessed by "Forto Santius, Anegalinus Lupus Anerius, Santius Fort, Garsianer, Rexmirus"[305].�Vicomte de Labourd.� Jaurgain refers to his supposed two marriages and five children[306].� However, his reconstruction appears based mainly on patronymics, the same name/patronymic combinations being repeated too frequently among the Navarrese nobility to make this a reliable basis on which to proceed.� m ---.� The name of Fortun�s wife is not known.� Fortun & his wife had two children:�

a) FORTUN Sancho (-after 1106).� According to Jaurgain, Fortun Sancho was the grandson of Fort�n S�nchez, son of Sancho Fort�nez[307].� However, he assumes that the latter is the same person as Sancho Fort�nez Se�or de Pontecurbo (see NAVARRE NOBILITY), which is far from certain.� As noted above, name/patronymic combinations are repeated so frequently among the Navarrese nobility that it is unsafe to draw conclusions about family relationships solely based on names without other indications.� His correct parentage appears to be confirmed by the charter dated 1083 which records various donations to Bayonne in the presence of Guillaume Archbishop of Auch, including the confirmation of the donation of "ecclesiam Sancti Vincentii de Urruina" by "R. Santius�[et] pater meus vicecomes Fortun Sanz"[308], presuming that "R. Santius" was Ramiro Sancho who is named below.� Vicomte de Labourd.� "Fortin Sancius vicecomes Laburdensis" donated half the town of Bayonne to the church of Bayonne by charter dated to [1106/18], witnessed by "Fort Fortun , Garsie Fortun, Fortun Gassies", the same charter recording another donation by "Forti Santius et Santius Garsias gener meus"[309].� m ---.� The name of Fortun�s wife is not known.� Fortun & his wife had one child:�

i) REGINA TOTA . �Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a charter dated to [1106/18] under which "Fortin Sancius vicecomes Laburdensis" donated half the town of Bayonne to the church of Bayonne, the same charter recording another donation by "Forti Santius et Santius Garsias gener meus"[310].� Her name is confirmed in the charter dated to [1136/47] which records a donation of property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde by "Sancius Garsias vicecomes de Labort et uxor sua Regina Tota" for his victory in battle in Navarre, recording the seizure of the property after their death and after the death of "Garsie Sancii filii sui" and names "Bertrandum qui tunc erat vicecomes de Labort"[311].� m SANCHO Garcia, son of --- (-after 1106).� A charter dated to [1136/47] records a donation of property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde by "Sancius Garsias vicecomes de Labort et uxor sua Regina Tota" for his victory in battle in Navarre, recording the seizure of the property after their death and after the death of "Garsie Sancii filii sui"[312].�Vicomte de Labourd.�

(a) GARCIA Sancho (-after 1122).� A charter dated to [1136/47] records a donation of property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde by "Sancius Garsias vicecomes de Labort et uxor sua Regina Tota" for his victory in battle in Navarre, recording the seizure of the property after their death and after the death of "Garsie Sancii filii sui"[313].� Vicomte de Labourd.�

b) RAMIRO Sancho (-after [1085]).� A charter dated 1083 records various donations to Bayonne in the presence of Guillaume Archbishop of Auch, including the confirmation of the donation of "ecclesiam Sancti Vincentii de Urruina" by "R. Santius�[et] pater meus vicecomes Fortun Sanz"[314].�

1. --- .� m URRACA, daughter of ---.� "Bertrando, Baionensi vicecomite�cum sua matre Urraca" donated revenue from a newly built bridge to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne by charter dated to [1125][315].� Two probable children:�

a) BERTRAND (-30 Oct 1169, bur Lahonce).� According to Jaurgain, Bertrand was the son of Jimeno Fortun, son of Fort�n S�nchez, son of Sancho Fort�nez[316].� However, as noted above, his reconstruction of this family does not appear to be based on a satisfactory analysis of the sources which he quotes.� In any case, the names of Bertrand and his family have little in common with those of the previous vicomtes de Labourd.� Vicomte de Labourd.� Vicomte de Bayonne.� "Bertrando, Baionensi vicecomite�cum sua matre Urraca" donated revenue from a newly built bridge to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne by charter dated to [1125], witnessed by "Arnaldus de Salt, Lupus Anerii de Escan, Wilelmus Bernardus de Urruzaga"[317].� "Bertrandus vicecomes de Baiona et uxor eius Ataressa" donated revenue from Oss�s to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne by charter dated to [1141/49][318].� The charter dated to [1136/47] which records earlier donations of property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde names "Bertrandum qui tunc erat vicecomes de Labort"[319].� "Bertrando vicecomite, A. de Salt, W. B. de Urrucega�G. de Zubernie cum filio suo Garsia et cum uxore sua, sorore Arnaldi de Salt" are named as present in a charter dated 1 Jan 1149 which records an agreement between the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne and the tenants of Saint-L�on[320].� "B. de Baiona et Wilelmus Bertrandi filius vicecomitis Baionensis�" subscribed the charter dated to [1150/70] under which "Navarra vicecomitissa de Seule et maritus eius Augerius de Miremon" donated property to [his brother] Fortaner de Miramont Bishop of Bayonne[321].� "B. vicecomes Baionensis et filii eius P. Bertrandi, et A. Bertrandi�" acted as guarantors when "Navarrus filius eius" confirmed donations by "Vicecomitissa de Maritima�Condessa", after the death of the latter, of revenue to the citizens of Bayonne[322].� "Bertrando vicecomite Baonensis, Raimundo Rotbert vicecomite Tartassensi, Willelmo R[�]i vicecomite Avortensi" witnessed the charter dated to [1167/77] under which "Petrus vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax "mortuo Raimundo Arnaldi patre suo"[323].� The necrology of Case-Dieu records the death 30 Oct 1169 of Bernard Vicomte de Labourd et d�Arberoue[324].� He was buried at the monastery of Lahonce which he had founded[325].� m firstly TARESIA, daughter of FORTUN Garcia Vicomte d�Arberoue & his wife ---.� "Bertrandus vicecomes de Baiona et uxor eius Ataressa" donated revenue from Oss�s to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne by charter dated to [1141/49][326].� According to Jaurgain, she was the daughter of Fortun Garcia Vicomte d�Arberoue although he cites no primary source on which this is based[327].� It is possible that her parentage is deduced only because her sons are recorded as vicomtes d�Arberoue.�� m secondly TODA de Biota Dame d�Orcoyen, daughter of --- (-1175 or after).� "Dona Tota de Orquien uxor Bertrandi vicecomitis Baionensis" donated revenue from the mill of Orcoyen to the bishop of Bayonne by undated charter[328].� The bishop of Pamplona donated the town of Arteiza and the palace of Beasoain to "Toda de Biota vicomtesse de Bayonne" for life by charter dated 1175[329].� Bertrand & his first wife had five children:�

i) PIERRE Bertrand (-[1169/70]).� "B. vicecomes Baionensis et filii eius P. Bertrandi, et A. Bertrandi�" acted as guarantors when "Navarrus filius eius" confirmed donations by "Vicecomitissa de Maritima�Condessa", after the death of the latter, of revenue to the citizens of Bayonne[330].�Vicomte de Labourd et d�Arberoue.� "Petrus Bernardi vicecomes Baionensis" donated revenue from Bassussary to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne by charter dated to [1150/70] and on his deathbed the whole of the same town[331].�

ii) ARNAUD Bertrand (-[1178/93]).� "B. vicecomes Baionensis et filii eius P. Bertrandi, et A. Bertrandi�" acted as guarantors when "Navarrus filius eius" confirmed donations by "Vicecomitissa de Maritima�Condessa", after the death of the latter, of revenue to the citizens of Bayonne[332].�Vicomte de Labourd et d�Arberoue.� Vicomte Arnaud Bertrand and "Guillaume-Raymond de Sault" subscribed a charter dated 1170 under which Richard, son of Henry II King of England, granted tax exemptions to the inhabitants of Bayonne[333].� Roger of Hoveden records that "Ricardus�comes Pictavie" (the future Richard I King of England) besieged Bayonne in [1177/78] after capturing Dax and that "Ernaldus Bertramus vicecomes Baoni�" capitulated after ten days[334].�

iii) GUILLAUME Bertrand (-25 Apr 1203).� "B. de Baiona et Wilelmus Bertrandi filius vicecomitis Baionensis�" subscribed the charter dated to [1150/70] under which "Navarra vicecomitissa de Seule et maritus eius Augerius de Miremon" donated property to [his brother] Fortaner de Miramont Bishop of Bayonne[335].� Canon of the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne 1168.� Bishop of Dax 1168.� "Wilelmus B�.Aquensis episcopus" asserted that "dominus Bertrandus vicecomes Laburdensis pater meus" had granted, in his presence, all the revenue from his vicomt� to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne, by charter dated 1193[336].� The necrology of Dax records the death "VII Kal Mai�1203" of "Willelmus Bertrandus de Saltu, Aquensis episcopus"[337].�

iv) MARIE (-after 1178).� Her parentage and two marriages are confirmed by a charter dated 1178 by which "Sanche de Larrau", with the consent of "Anderquina sa m�re", donated all her rights in Larrau en Soule, in the hands of "Marie Bertrand, Guillaume Raymond son fils de Sault et Guillaume Arnaud de Laguinge aussi son fils"[338].� Her descendants were vicomtes de Labourd and barons de Sault[339].� "Wilelmus Raimundi de Saut vicecomes Laburdensis" recorded resettlement of land by charter dated 9 Apr 1193 which names "W. Bertrandi avunculi sui�Aquensis episcopi" and "dominus Bertrandus avus suus quondam vicecomes Laburdensis"[340].� m firstly ([1135]) ARNAUD [I] de SaultSeigneur de Sault de Hasparren, son of --- (-[1150]).� "Bertrando vicecomite, A. de Salt, W. B. de Urrucega�G. de Zubernie cum filio suo Garsia et cum uxore sua, sorore Arnaldi de Salt" are named as present in a charter dated 1 Jan 1149 which records an agreement between the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne and the tenants of Saint-L�on[341].� m secondly as his second wife, ARNAUD [II] Seigneur de Laguinge, son of ---.�

v) AINIE (-before 1176).� Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the undated charter by which "Arnaudus de Blancaforti" donated property for the soul of "uxoris mee Ainie de Baiona"[342].� m ([1140]) ARNAUD Seigneur de Blanquefort, son of --- (-1176 or before).�

b) [BERNARD(-after 1168).� "Bernardus, Baionensis ecclesie canonicus" donated property to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne, with the consent of "dompni Bertrandi vicecomitis", by charter dated to [1141][343].� "B. de Baiona, Willemus Bertrandi filius vicecomitis de Baiona, et Bernardus de Lecarre, canonici�" witnessed the charter dated to [1168] under which Navara Vicomtesse de Soule and Auger de Miramont her husband donated revenue to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne[344].]�

Chapter 4.��� VICOMTES de MAREMNE

The vicomt� of Maremne was located on the Atlantic coast north of Bayonne and is first mentioned in primary sources in the early 11th century.� It was acquired by the Albret family in the mid-13th century, although whether this was by inheritance or purchase has not yet been traced.� The vicomt� of Maremne was confiscated by Henry III King of England and granted to Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret 15 Apr 1263, who still held it in 1270[345].� Amanieu [VIII] Seigneur d�Albret was vicomte de Maremne in 1320[346].� The outline shown below of the reconstruction of this family follows the ideas of Jaurgain[347].� However, as we will be seen, his hypotheses are open to challenge, and the cartulary of Dax introduces a new element which Jaurgain did not take into account.�

1. SANCHO Aner, son of [AZNAR [Aner] Aiz & his wife ---] (-after [1025]).� "Guillelmum Auriolum�de Cartirio, Garsiam Auriolum de Fageto, Sancium Anerium de Maritima, Garsiam Arnaldum, Atilium Sancii de Taurciano" are named as present in the charter dated to [995] by which "Forto monachus" donated property to Saint-Sever[348].�� According to Jaurgain, Sancho was the son of Aznar Aiz but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[349].� [Vicomte] de Maremne.� Sancho Aznar appropriate offerings to the church of Dax in [1025][350].� m ---.� The name of Sancho�s wife is not known.� Sancho Aner & his wife had [one] child:�

a) [RABI Sancho(-[1030]).� Rabi Sancho restored to the church of Dax the property taken by his father and donated other property[351].� Abb� de la Reule en B�arn [1028].� m---.� The name of Rabi�s wife is not known.� Rabi & his wife had [three] children:�

i) [GUILLAUME Rabi .� Vicomte de Maremne.� Vicomte Guillaume Rabi donated the village of Mazeroles to the abbot of La Reule[352].]�

ii) [SANCHO Rabi .� According to Jaurgain, Sancho Rabi succeeded his brother as Vicomte de Maremne, but he cites no primary source which names him or suggests his patronymic[353].]� m ---.� The name of Sancho�s wife is not known.� Sancho & his wife had [one] child:�

(a) [BORNEM Sancho (-after [1090]).� According to Jaurgain, Bornem Sancho was the son of Sancho Rabi[354], but presumably he could also have been the son of Sancho Arnaud (see below).� Vicomte de Maremne.� "Burnelinus Sanctio vicecomes de Maritimis locis" donated property to Saint-Sever by charter dated to [1070], signed by "Luponis Fort, Willelmus Arnaldi de Oloeda�Arnalt Garsies de Olbiio"[355].� "Bornem Sancius vicecomes Maritime" donated property to Dax by charter dated to [1090][356].]� [m ([1065]) GARSIETA, daughter of GARCIA Arnaud de Dax Vicomte d�Orthe & his wife ---.� "Garsieta vicecomitissa de Maritima soror Garsie Marre" donated property to Dax by charter dated to [1080/90] which names "Garsias Arnaldi Aquensis pater eius"[357].� Jaurgain suggests that her husband was Vicomte Bornem Sancho[358].� He cites no primary source which suggests that this is correct, although from a chronological point of view he appears to be the most likely candidate.]�

iii) [RIXENDE(-after [1090]).� Jaurgain states that Rixende succeeded as Vicomtesse de Maremne after the death of her nephew and married Loup Fort[359].�Vicomtesse de Maremne.� m LOUP Fort, son of ---.]�

1. ARNAUD .� It is assumed that he was named Arnaud, if it is correct that the second part of his son's name should be considered as a patronymic.� m ---.� The name of [Arnaud]'s wife is not known.� [Arnaud] & his wife had [two] children:

a) SANCHO Arnaud .� Vicomte de Maremne.� m ---.� The name of Sancho Arnaud's wife is not known.� Sancho Arnaud & his wife had one child:

i) RAYMOND (-after 1052).� "Raimundus filius Sanz Arnalt vicecomitis de Maritima" received property restored to Dax by his father, by charter dated to after 1052[360].�

1. LOUP Fort, son of --- .� m RIXENDE, daughter of [RABI Sancho & his wife ---] (-after [1090]).� Jaurgain states that Rixende succeeded as Vicomtesse de Maremne after the death of her nephew and married Loup Fort[361].� Vicomtesse de Maremne.� Loup Fort & his wife had [one] child:�

a) [GUILLAUME Loup(-after [1090]).� Guillaume Loup Vicomte de Maremne confirmed the donation of the village of Mazeroles to the monastery of La Reule by his uncle Guillaume Rabi, by charter dated to [1090][362].� Vicomte de Maremne.� m---.� The name of Guillaume�s wife is not known.� Guillaume & his wife had [one] child:�

i) [LOUP [Lobet] (-after 1122).� Vicomte de Maremne.�"Stephanus de Caumont�Gaston de Bearn�Robert vicecomes de Tartas�Lobet vicecomes de Maredme�" subscribed the charter dated 1122 under which Guillaume IX Duke of Aquitaine donated half of the town of Bayonne to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne[363].� "Lobetus vicecomes Maritimensis" donated property to Dax by undated charter[364].]� m ---.� The name of Loup�s wife is not known.� Loup & his wife had [one] child:�

(a) [COMTESSE(-after Nov 1167).� Jaurgain states that Comtesse was the daughter of Vicomte Loup but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[365].� Vicomtesse de Maremne.� "Vicecomitissa de Maritima�Condessa" committed revenue to the citizens of Bayonne by charter dated to [1150/70], which also records that after she died "Navarrus filius eius" succeeded to the vicomt� and amended the donation, "B. vicecomes Baionensis et filii eius P. Bertrandi, et A. Bertrandi�" acting as guarantors[366].� "Condessa, Maritim. vicecomitissa et Navarrus filius eius" are named with Pierre Vicomte de Dax in a charter dated Nov 1167[367].� Her husband�s name is not known.� m ---, son of --- .�

1. --- .� The name of the husband of Comtesse Vicomtesse de Maremne is not known, although the name of their son suggests a family relationship with the vicomtes de Dax.�m COMTESSE, daughter of [LOUP [Lobet] Vicomte de Maremne & his wife --- (-after Nov 1167).� Jaurgain states that Comtesse was the daughter of Vicomte Loup but cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[368].� Vicomtesse de Maremne.� "Vicecomitissa de Maritima�Condessa" committed revenue to the citizens of Bayonne by charter dated to [1150/70], which also records that after she died "Navarrus filius eius" succeeded to the vicomt� and amended the donation, "B. vicecomes Baionensis et filii eius P. Bertrandi, et A. Bertrandi�" acting as guarantors[369].� "Condessa, Maritim. vicecomitissa et Navarrus filius eius" are named with Pierre Vicomte de Dax in a charter dated Nov 1167[370].� One child:�

a) NAVAR (-after 1167).� "Condessa, Maritim. vicecomitissa et Navarrus filius eius" are named with Pierre Vicomte de Dax in a charter dated Nov 1167[371].�Vicomte de Maremne.� "Vicecomitissa de Maritima�Condessa" committed revenue to the citizens of Bayonne by charter dated to [1150/70], which also records that after she died "Navarrus filius eius" succeeded to the vicomt� and amended the donation, "B. vicecomes Baionensis et filii eius P. Bertrandi, et A. Bertrandi�" acting as guarantors[372].�

1. ROBERT (-after [1185]).� Jaurgain states that Robert was the son of Navar but cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[373].� Vicomte de Maremne.� "Robertus vicecomes Maritimensis" is named in a charter dated to [1185][374].�

2. GARCIA ARNAUD (-after 1243).� Vicomte de Maremne.� King Henry III summoned vassals to meet "apud Pontem", including "Vicecomes de Maremne", dated 25 May 1242[375].� "Garcie Arnaud vicomte de Maremne" is named in a charter dated 1243[376].� The viscomt� de Maremne was confiscated by Henry III King of England and granted to Amanieu [VII] Seigneur d�Albret 15 Apr 1263, who still held it in 1270[377].�

3. GARCIA ARNAUD (-after 5 Apr 1312).� Vicomte de Maremne.� "Garcie Arnaud vicomte de Maremne" witnessed the charter dated 19 Dec 1292 under which Raymond Robert Vicomte de Tartas swore homage to the king of Navarre for Mixe and Ostabaret[378].� "Garcie Arnaud vicomte de Maremne" was convoked 5 Apr 1312 by Edward II King of England for the war against Scotland[379].� Amanieu [VIII] Seigneur d�Albret was vicomte de Maremne in 1320[380].� m CONDOR d�Osserain, daughter of ---.� The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.� Garcia Arnaud & his wife had two children:�

a) PIERRE de Maremne .� Bishop of Bayonne 1309.�

b) LAURENT de Maremne .� "Laurent de Maremne damoiseau" is named in the cartulaire de Saint-Bernard[381].�

Chapter 5.��� VICOMTES de MARSAN

Marsan was located in the present-day French d�partement of Landes around the town of Roquefort.� It is first mentioned as a vicomt� in [1009].� Mont-de-Marsan was established as its main town in 1133.� The county of Bigorre passed to the family of the vicomtes de Marsan by marriage in 1136.�

1. AIZ [Ezi] Sancho .� "Garsias Sanctii consul filius regis Sancii" granted "Astaracensem pagum" to "Arnaldo filio meo" by charter dated to [920], signed by "Garci� Sancii Consulis, Sancii Wilhelmi comitis filii, Salii Vivari, Sancii Amanevi, Gumbaudi, Eneci fratris eius"[382].� Jaurgain states that Aiz Sancho was the seventh son of Sancho Garcia Duke of Gascony, assuming that he was the same person as "Eneci" (=En Eci) who signed the [920] charter, and that he was ancestor of the Vicomtes de Marsan[383].� Jaurgain also identifies Aiz Sancho as "�Vicecomitis Exii�" who subscribed the charter dated 977 under which "Gumboldus episcopus et frater meus Willelmus Sancio dux Vasconum" re-established the monastery of La R�ole[384].� It should be noted that another published version of this charter transcribes the subscriber in question as "�Seguini vicecomitis�"[385].� Jaurgain cites no primary source which confirms Aiz�s patronymic.� m ---.� The name of Aiz�s wife is not known.� Aiz & his wife had [two] children:�

a) [AZNAR[Aner] Aiz (-after 993).� "Sancio Bergomio et Asenario Elzi" sold land for the monastery of Saint-Sever to Guillaume Sancho Duke of Gascony by charter dated 14 Sep 988, with "�Azellus Elzi de Samadello�" named as one of the guarantors[386].� "�Azinelli Elzii de Samadello, Asnarii Elsi�" signed the charter dated 993 under which "Willelmus Sancius comes" restored the monastery of Saint-Sever[387].� m---.� The name of Aznar�s wife is not known.� Aznar & his wife had [two] children:�

i) [LOUP Aner(-after 2 Apr [1009]).� "�Lobaner vicecomes de Marcian, Willelmi Lupi eius filii" signed the charter dated 2 Apr [1009] under which "Bernardus Willelmus comes" confirmed the foundation of Saint-Sever by "genitor meus Willelmus Sancio comes"[388].� Vicomte de Marsan.]�

-������� see below.�

ii) [SANCHO Aner(-after [1025]).� "Guillelmum Auriolum�de Cartirio, Garsiam Auriolum de Fageto, Sancium Anerium de Maritima, Garsiam Arnaldum, Atilium Sancii de Taurciano" are named as present in the charter dated to [995] by which "Forto monachus" donated property to Saint-Sever[389].�� According to Jaurgain, Sancho was the son of Aznar Aiz but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[390].� [Vicomte] de Maremne.� Sancho Aznar appropriate offerings to the church of Dax in [1025][391].]�

-������� VICOMTES de MAREMNE.�

b) [AZINEL Aiz(-after 993).� "Sancio Bergomio et Asenario Elzi" sold land for the monastery of Saint-Sever to Guillaume Sancho Duke of Gascony by charter dated 14 Sep 988, with "�Azellus Elzi de Samadello�" named as one of the guarantors[392].� "�Azinelli Elzii de Samadello, Asnarii Elsi�" signed the charter dated 993 under which "Willelmus Sancius comes" restored the monastery of Saint-Sever[393].�

LOUP Aner, son of [AZNAR Aiz & his wife ---] (-after 2 Apr [1009]).� ["�Wastonis Centulli vicecomitis, Lupi Anerii vicecomitis, Ernaldi Lupi vicecomitis Aquensis" subscribed the charter dated 980 under which Arsius Bishop of Bayonne listed the possessions of the bishopric[394].� It is not known whether "Lupi Anerii vicecomitis" was Loup Aner Vicomte d�Oloron or Loup Aner Vicomte de Marsan, both of whom were alive at the date of the document.]� "�Lobaner vicecomes de Marcian, Willelmi Lupi eius filii" signed the charter dated 2 Apr [1009] under which "Bernardus Willelmus comes" confirmed the foundation of Saint-Sever by "genitor meus Willelmus Sancio comes"[395].� Vicomte de Marsan.�

m ---.� The name of Loup�s wife is not known.�

Loup Aner & his wife had one child:�

1. GUILLAUME Loup (-after 1033).� "�Lobaner vicecomes de Marcian, Willelmi Lupi eius filii" signed the charter dated 2 Apr [1009] under which "Bernardus Willelmus comes" confirmed the foundation of Saint-Sever by "genitor meus Willelmus Sancio comes"[396].� Vicomte de Marsan.� Jaurgain identifies Guillaume as "�Gauselmo alio Vicecomite" who consented to the donation to Condom by "Ugo�Pr�sul, secundum lineam carnis eidem Duci propinquis et affinis", recorded in the charter dated 29 Jul 1011 quoted in the Historia Abbati� Condomensis[397], assuming that "Gauselmo" should be read as "Guilelmo"[398].�� "�Willelmi Lupi�" signed the charter dated Nov 1028 under which "Comes Sancio" confirmed the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Sever by "pater meus Willelmus Sancio"[399].� An undated charter records the donation by "Santius�comes" to Bordeaux Saint-Seurin and the confirmation after his death by his successor "eius nepos�Odo", signed by "Centullus de Bearnt, Arnaldus Aquensis, Willelmus Lup, Aichelmus Guillelmi, Andro Auriohl"[400].� m ---.� The name of Guillaume�s wife is not known.� Guillaume Loup & his wife had [two] children:�

a) [ACHELIN Guillaume(-after [1080]).� An undated charter records the donation by "Santius�comes" to Bordeaux Saint-Seurin and the confirmation after his death by his successor "eius nepos�Odo", signed by "Centullus de Bearnt, Arnaldus Aquensis, Willelmus Lup, Aichelmus Guillelmi, Andro Auriohl"[401].� "Achelinus de Marsan" donated property to, and entered the monastery of, Grande Sauve after becoming blind, by charter dated to [1080][402].]��

b) [GERAUD(-after [1070]).� "Geraldus de Marciano" donated a serf to Saint-Sever, with the consent of "filio meo Guillelmo", by charter dated to [1070][403].]�m ---.� The name of G�raud�s wife is not known.� G�raud & his wife had one child:�

i) GUILLAUME (-after [1070]).� "Geraldus de Marciano" donated a serf to Saint-Sever, with the consent of "filio meo Guillelmo", by charter dated to [1070][404].�

-������� SEIGNEURS de MARSAN, ROQUEFORT, CAUNA, TARDET et d�AHAXE[405].�

1. RAYMOND (-after 3 Mar 1055).� According to Jaurgain, Raymond was the son of Guillaume Loup but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[406].�� Vicomte de Marsan.� "�Raimundus vicecomes Marciani�" supported the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Mont by "Bernardus comes�cognomento Tumapalerius" and "nepote meo Centullo �" by charter dated 3 Mar 1055[407].�

2. ANER .� According to Jaurgain, Aner was the son of Raymond but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[408].� It appears that he is not mentioned in any document but is known only from the patronymic accorded to his son.� m---.� The name of Aner�s wife is not known.� Aner & his wife had one child:�

a) LOUP Aner (-after 1103).� Vicomte de Marsan.� "Bernardus vicecomes" renounced a tax on La R�ole before the court of Gascony, before "Astanova comite�de Fedenzac, ac Bernardo de Armanac, necnon Gastone vicecomite de Bearn, et Lupo Anario de Marzan, et Bibiano de Lomonie, et Petro, domino de Gavarred�", by charter dated 1103[409].� m ---.� The name of Loup Aner�s wife is not known.� Loup Aner & his wife had one child:�

i) PIERRE de Marsan (-1163).� A charter dated 1141 names "Petrus comes Bigorr� et Vicecomes de Marsan, filius Lupi-Anerii" when describing his plans to expand the town of Marsan[410].� m BEATRIX Ctss de Bigorre, daughter of CENTULE [II] Comte de Bigorre & his first wife --- (-after 7 Feb 1148).� Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 12 Sep 1142 by which "Consul�Bigorritanus et uxor illius Beatrix" confirmed donations by "Centullo comite" to the monastery of Escale-Dieu de Capadur and "Beatrix Bigorritanorum comitissa" donated property, with the consent of "mariti mei Petri di Marciano", for the souls of "patris mei Centuli et Amabill� matris me�"[411].� "Petrus comes Bigorritanus et uxor mea Beatrix, comitissa, atque Centullus filius noster" donated property "in villa�Borderas" to the Order of the Temple by charter dated 7 Feb 1148[412].� The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.�� Pierre & his wife had two children:�

(a) CENTULE de Marsan (-1178).� "Petrus comes Bigorritanus et uxor mea Beatrix, comitissa, atque Centullus filius noster" donated property "in villa�Borderas" to the Order of the Temple by charter dated 7 Feb 1148[413].� He succeeded his mother in 1136 as CENTULE [III] Comte de Bigorre.�

-������� COMTES de BIGORRE.�

(b) ROUGE .� The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.�� "Boamundus comes Astaracensis et domina Rubea uxor mea" donated property to the abbot of Berdoues, with the consent of "filiarum nostrarum Mari�, Marchesi� et Bonefemin�", by charter dated to [1172][414].� "Boemundi Astaracensis comitis et uxoris eius Rubee et filiabus Maria atque Marchesia" approved the sale of the ch�teau de Lamagu�re by "Guillaume de Lamagu�re" to G�raud de la Barthe Archbishop of Auch, by charter dated Mar 1174[415].� m BOHEMOND d�Astarac, son of BERNARD [I] Comte d�Astarac & his second wife Longuebrune ---.�

1. ARNAUD Guillaume de Marsan(-[1272]).� Vicomte de Louvigny 1232/33[416].� King Henry III summoned vassals to meet "apud Pontem", including "Arnaldus Willielmi de Marsan", dated 25 May 1242[417].�m ---.� The name of Arnaud�s wife is not known.� Arnaud & his wife had one child:�

a) CLARMONDE de Marsan (-before 2 Aug 1289).� The Complete Peerage states that Piers de Gavaston was �_possibly s. of Arnaud de Gavaston (who d. May 1302), a Gascon knight of B�arn, by Clarmonde de Marsan de Louvigny_�[418].� Her first marriage is indicated by the petition sent to King Edward II by her supposed son Fortaner, presumed to be born from her first husband (see below).� The primary source which confirms the name of her first husband has not been identified.� �_Dominus Arnaldus de Gavastone_� acknowledged holding �_castrum de Rupe forti, de Lobinher, de Monte Galardi, de Haxetman...racione uxoris [sue] Clarmonde in Marciano..._� from King Edward I, by undated charter dated to the early 1270s[419].� King Edward granted money to �_Arnaldum de Gavastone militem_�, for the affection shown by �_Claremunda dicta domina Marciani, quondam uxor sua_� while she lived, for the marriage of his daughter (�ad _maritandam filiam suam_�), by charter dated 2 Aug 1289[420].� m firstly --- de Lescun, son of ---.� m secondly ARNAUD de Gabaston, son of --- (-before 18 May 1302, bur Winchester Cathedral).� Clarmonde & her first husband had [one child]:�

i) [FORTANER de Lescun(-after 1307).� Hamilton�s biography of Piers Gaveston names Fortaner de Lescun as the brother of Clarmonde de Marsan[421].� If that is correct, it is unclear why Clarmonde would have inherited considerable properties from her father.� Fortaner�s correct parentage is indicated by the undated petition addressed to King Edward II (therefore dated to 1307/27) by �_Arnald Guilhem de Marsans et Fortaners de Lescun freres_� who requested restoration of arrears from lands �_leritage de lour mere_�, which had been subject of a disagreement as a result of which �_sire Arnand de Gavaston_� had put the lands into the hands of King Edward I[422].� The fraternal relationship between the two is only explained if they were born from different fathers, considering the order dated 6 May 1297 which records that �_Arnaldus de Gavaston miles_� notified King Edward I that �_possessio castrorum et terrarum castri de Loubeny, de monte Gayllardi, Sancti Lebedii et de Ffajetmau...heredum communium dicti Arnaldi et Clarmunde domine de Marciano quondam uxoris sue_� had fallen unlawfully to �_Ffortenarium dominum de Lescune_�, when Arnaud was a prisoner of the French, and requested their return to him, which was ordered by the king[423].]�

Chapter 6.��� VICOMTES d'ORTHE

The vicomt� of Orthe was separated from the vicomt� of Dax in [1030], and consisted of 14 parishes based around the ch�teau d�Aspremont[424].�

GARCIA ARNAUD, son of ARNAUD [II] "Fortis" Vicomte de Dax & his wife --- (-after [1060]).� Raymond Arnaud vicomte de Dax "[et] Odonem Uriensem et Garsia Arnaldi fratre eorum" were present at the removal of the cathedral of Saint-Vincent de Sentes to Dax, dated to [1056][425].�Vicomte d�Orthe.� A charter dated to [1060] records that "Gasi Arnalt vicecomiti" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde, recording that later "Guido comes" seized the property[426].�

m ---.� The name of Garcia Arnaud's wife is not known.�

Garcia Arnaud & his wife had two children:

1. LOUP Garcia (-[1104]).� "�Lupo Garsia vicecomite Aortensi atque fratre eius Wilelmo Garcia de Polione�" are named as present at an assembly at Saint-Pierre de la R�ole held to settle a dispute between the bishops of Dax and Oloron, dated to [1082][427].�Vicomte d�Orthe.� "Vicecomes Lupus Garsius, pater Sanci Lupi" and "Sancius Lupus vicecomes de Orta" both donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde, recorded in a charter dated to [1072/1105][428].� m ---.� The name of Loup Garcia's wife is not known.� Loup Garcia & his wife had one child:

a) SANCHO Loup (-after 1105).� "Vicecomes Lupus Garsius, pater Sanci Lupi" and "Sancius Lupus vicecomes de Orta" both donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde, recorded in a charter dated to [1072/1105][429].� Vicomte d'Orthe.�

-������� see below.���

1. GARCIA Marre (-[1080/90]).� "Garsias Marre consanguineus Navarri vicecomitis Aquensis" donated property to Dax for having killed "consanguineum suum Arnaldum Bernaldum" by undated charter[430].� "Vicecomes Navarrus et Navarra soror illius" donated property to Dax for the killing of "sui consobrini�Garsie Marre" by charter dated to [1080/90][431].�

2. GUILLAUME Garcia (-[1110]).� "�Lupo Garsia vicecomite Aortensi atque fratre eius Wilelmo Garcia de Polione�" are named as present at an assembly at Saint-Pierre de la R�ole held to settle a dispute between the bishops of Dax and Oloron, dated to [1082][432].� Seigneur de Pouillon [1080/1110].� "Gilem Garsias de Polio" donated property to Saint-Jean de Sorde on his deathbed by charter dated to [1110][433].� m ---.� The name of Guillaume�s wife is not known. �Guillaume & his wife had one child:�

a) OT Guillaume .� "Ot Gilem de Polio filius Gilem Garsias" donated property to Saint-Jean de Sorde on his deathbed after being mortally wounded by brigands in Easter week by charter dated to after [1110][434].� Seigneur de Pouillon.�

1. GARSIETA .� "Garsieta vicecomitissa de Maritima soror Garsie Marre" donated property to Dax by charter dated to [1080/90] which names "Garsias Arnaldi Aquensis pater eius"[435].� Jaurgain suggests that her husband was Vicomte Bornem Sancho[436].� He cites no primary source which suggests that this is correct, although from a chronological point of view he appears to be the most likely candidate.� m ([1065]) [BORNEM Sancho]Vicomte de Maremne, son of [SANCHO Rabi Vicomte de Maremne & his wife ---] (-after [1090]).�

SANCHO Loup, son of LOUP Garcia Vicomte d�Orthe & his wife --- (-after 1105).� "Vicecomes Lupus Garsius, pater Sanci Lupi" and "Sancius Lupus vicecomes de Orta" both donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde, recorded in a charter dated to [1072/1105][437].�Vicomte d'Orthe.�

m ---.� The name of Sancho�s wife is not known.�

Sancho & his wife had two children:�

1. GUILLAUME Sancho (-killed 1120).� "Arnaldum de Falgars et Gilemo Sancio vicecomite de Orta" issued judgment in a dispute between "Bernardo de Ustusi" and "Bergundius Ainerii de Urist", recorded in a charter dated to [1072/1100][438].� Vicomte d�Orthe.� "Gilem Sancius vicecomes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde by charter dated to [1080][439].� He was killed in 1120 by Arnaud Sancho de Cize Seigneur d�Ahaxe et de Guiche whose brother Fortun Sancho de Cize he had killed[440].�

2. [RAYMOND[I] Sancho .� The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.�� Vicomte d�Orthe.� "Raymundus vicecomes de Aorta" restored the monastery of Gagnotte by charter dated 14 May 1122[441].]� m ([1115]) MATHILDE de Miramont, daughter of AUGER [II] de Miramont Vicomte de Tursan & his wife ---.� Her parentage and marriage are recorded in the Chronique de Bayonne[442].� Raymond & his wife had two children:�

a) ARNAUD Raymond (-[1150/56]).� The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.�� Vicomte d'Orthe.�

b) GUILLAUME Raymond (-after [1167/77]).� Vicomte d'Orthe.� A charter dated to [1156/67] records a donation of property to the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde "coram�Wilelmo Raimundo vicecomite de Aorta"[443].� "Guillelmus Raimundus vicecomes Aort�" donated property to the monastery of Cagnotte, with the consent of "Bayon� uxori su�", by charter dated 1165[444].� "Bertrando vicecomite Baonensis, Raimundo Rotbert vicecomite Tartassensi, Willelmo R[�]i vicecomite Avortensi" witnessed the charter dated to [1167/77] under which "Petrus vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax "mortuo Raimundo Arnaldi patre suo"[445].� m BAYONNE, daughter of --- (-after 1165).� "Guillelmus Raimundus vicecomes Aort�" donated property to the monastery of Cagnotte, with the consent of "Bayon� uxori su�", by charter dated 1165[446].� Guillaume Raymond & his wife had one child:�

i) LOUP GARCIA [II] .� Loup Garcia Vicomte d�Orthe subscribed a charter dated 1173 under which Henry II King of England granted powers to the town of Dax[447].� In 1177, he submitted to Richard Duke of Aquitaine, son of King Henry II, whom he asked to be godfather to his newborn child[448].� m ---.� The name of Loup Garcia�s wife is not known.� Loup Garcia & his wife had two children:�

(a) RICHARD (1177-1243).� Vicomte d�Orthe.� King Henry III summoned vassals to meet "apud Pontem", including "Vicecomes de Orte", dated 25 May 1242[449].�

(b) MERVEILLE .� "Domina Merevella filia L. G. vicecomitis d�Aorthe uxor dicti Petri Arnaldi�W. A. de Sancto.Ciriaco" witnessed the testament of "Petrus Arnaudi de Sancto Ciriaco miles et dominus casalis de Fontaeres" dated Aug 1212, which mentions "eadem filia et unucus filius suus parvulus" (specifying that they were born from different wives)[450].�m as his second wife, PIERRE ARNAUD de Saint-Circq Seigneur de Fonta�res, son of --- (-after Aug 1212).�

Chapter 7.��� VICOMTES de TARTAS

The vicomt� of Tartas was located north of Dax, around the town of the same name, and is recorded in primary sources from the late 10th century.�

1. ARREITORT (-after [986]).� Vicomte de Tartas.� "Arreitort vicecomes de Tartas" donated the abbey of Saint-Caprais de Pontous, by charter dated to [986][451].�

2. GUILLAUME RAYMOND (-after 1084).� Vicomte de Tartas.� The bishop of Dax restored the priory of Saint-Caprais de Pontous, with the consent of "vicecomes Willelmus Raimundi de Tartas�", by charter dated 1084[452].�

3. ROBERT (-after 1122).� Vicomte de Tartas.� "Stephanus de Caumont�Gaston de Bearn�Robert vicecomes de Tartas�Lobet vicecomes de Maredme�" subscribed the charter dated 1122 under which Guillaume IX Duke of Aquitaine donated half of the town of Bayonne to the church of Sainte-Marie de Bayonne[453].�m ---.� The name of Robert's wife is not known.� Robert & his wife had one child:�

a) RAYMOND ROBERT (-after [1167/77]).� Vicomte de Tartas.� "Bertrando vicecomite Baonensis, Raimundo Rotbert vicecomite Tartassensi, Willelmo R[�]i vicecomite Avortensi" witnessed the charter dated to [1167/77] under which "Petrus vicecomes Aquensis" donated property to Dax "mortuo Raimundo Arnaldi patre suo"[454].�

1. GARCIA de Marche .� An undated charter, dated to the mid-12th century, records a donation by the deceased "Assalida filia vicecomitis de Tartas, que primo uxor Aiquem W. de Blancafort, secundo R. Bernard de Rouman" to Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, confirmed by "frater eiusdem domine, Arnaldus Raimundi de Tartas et Aiquelmus Wilelmi filius suus", witnessed by "Garsion de Marcha�"[455].� m ---.� Garcia & his wife had one child:�

a) MATHILDE .� Vicomtesse de Tartas.� "Mateudis vicecomitissa de Tartas, filia Garsionis de Marcha, uxor Petri de Burdegala" donated property to Bordeaux Saint-Seurin by charter dated to [1160/85][456].� m PIERRE de Bordeaux, son of ---.�

1. ARNAUD RAYMOND .� Vicomte de Tartas.�An undated charter, dated to the mid-12th century, records a donation by the deceased "Assalida filia vicecomitis de Tartas, que primo uxor Aiquem W. de Blancafort, secundo R. Bernard de Rouman" to Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, confirmed by "frater eiusdem domine, Arnaldus Raimundi de Tartas et Aiquelmus Wilelmi filius suus", witnessed by "Garsion de Marcha�"[457].� "Arnaldus Raymundi vicecomes de Tartais" swore hommage to Sancho VII King of Navarre by charter dated Mar 1196[458].� m NAVARRA de Dax, daughter of ---.� The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.� Arnaud Raymond & his wife had one child:�

a) ASSALIDE de Tartas .� Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated 17 Oct 1240 under which "Amanevus de Lebreto filius quondam domine Assalite filie vicecomitis de Tartascio" confirmed rights to the abbot of Grandselve[459].�� m as his first wife, AMANIEU [VI] Seigneur d'Albret, son of [AMANIEU [V] Seigneur d'Albret & his wife ---] ([1190/95]-before Sep 1240).�

1. ASSALIDE de Tartas (-after May 1180).� An undated charter, dated to the mid-12th century, records a donation by the deceased "Assalida filia vicecomitis de Tartas, que primo uxor Aiquem W. de Blancafort, secundo R. Bernard de Rouman" to Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, confirmed by "frater eiusdem domine, Arnaldus Raimundi de Tartas et Aiquelmus Wilelmi filius suus", witnessed by "Garsion de Marcha�"[460].� "Domina Assalida et suis filiis Raimundo qui vocatur Rubeus et Guillelmo qui vocatur Guimaz et Bernardo qui vocatur Cogots" sold property "in honore de la Fita et de Burnau" to Gimont, with the advice of "Polonie uxoris Raimundi qui vocatur Rubeus", by charter dated May 1180[461].�m firstly GUILLAUME [I] "Guimaz" de Blanquefort, son of ---.� m secondly R. BERNARD de Rouman, son of ---.�

2. RAYMOND ARNAUD .� Vicomte de Tartas.� King Henry III summoned vassals to meet "apud Pontem", including "Vicecomes de Tartas", dated 25 May 1242[462].� "Remon Arnald, bi�cuende de Tartays" swore hommage to Teobaldo I King of Navarre, for Mixe and Ostabarets, by charter dated 22 Nov 1247[463].�

3. ARNAUD RAYMOND (-1312).� Vicomte de Tartas.� m (contract 5 Jan 1309) as her first husband, MATHE d�Albret, daughter of AMANIEU [VIII] Seigneur d�Albret & his wife Rose de Bourg (-after 30 Aug 1338).� The marriage contract between �_Malhe premi�re fille d�Amanjeu d�Albret_� and �_Arnaud Ramond d�Ax Vte de Tartas_� is dated 5 Jan 1308 (O.S.)[464].� She married secondly (2 May 1314) H�lie Rudel [II] de Pons Seigneur de Pons et de Bergerac.� The marriage contract of "H�lye Rudel seigneur de Bergerac, Montignac et du Pont" and "Mathe fille du messire Amanieu d�Albret" is dated 1314 "le jeudy apr�s la feste Sainct Philip et Sainct Jacques"[465].� Vicomtesse de Tartas, Dame de Bergerac.� The testament of "Mathe d�Albret, dame de Bergerac, Montignac, Moncucq, Gensac, Miremon et Castelmoron" is dated 30 Aug 1338 and appoints "Bernard Ezii sire d�Albret son fr�re" as her heir[466].�

Chapter 8.��� VICOMTES de TURSAN (MIRAMONT)

The vicomt� of Tursan was located west of the vicomt� of B�arn, centred around the ch�teau de Miramont which provided an alternative name for the vicomt� from the late 11th century.� It lost its vicecomital status in the mid-12th century.�

SANCHO Aner, son of [ANER [Aznar] Sancho & his wife ---] (-after 978).� "Aner Sano vicecomes, Willelmus Arsi�, Sans Aner, Rotgarius vicecomes, Utzan Amanieu, Arnald Amanieu" subscribed the charter dated 978 under which "Gumboldus episcopus�regionis dux" confirmed an exchange of property between the monks of La R�ole and his vassal "Arsia" with the advice of "fratrum�Willelmus Sancio dux"[467].� According to Jaurgain, Sancho Aner was the son of "Aner Sano vicecomes"[468].� He appears to base this only on the patronymic as he cites no other source in which Sancho Aner is named.� The difficulty lies in the order in which the subscribers are named in the 978 charter.� If Sancho Aner had been the son of Aner Sancho, it is probable that their names would have been adjacent.�

m ---.� The name of Sancho�s wife is not known.�

Sancho & his wife had [one] child:�

1. [ATIL Sancho(-after 3 Apr [1009]).� "Guillelmum Auriolum�de Cartirio, Garsiam Auriolum de Fageto, Sancium Anerium de Maritima, Garsiam Arnaldum, Atilium Sancii de Taurciano" are named as present in the charter dated to [995] by which "Forto monachus" donated property to Saint-Sever[469].��"�Atilio Sancio de Tourcian�" signed the charter dated 3 Apr [1009] under which "Bernardus Willelmus comes�cum germano meo Sancio" confirmed the foundation of Saint-Sever by "genitor meus Willelmus Sancio comes"[470].� According to Jaurgain, Atil Sancho was the son of Sancho Aner[471].� As with the case of his father�s supposed parentage, he appears to base this only on the patronymic as he cites no other source which gives any further information on Atil�s father.� Seigneur de Tursan.� According to Jaurgain, Atil Sancho was vicomte de Tursan but he cites no primary source which attributes this title to him[472].� "�Atilio Sancio de Tourcian�" signed the charter dated 3 Apr [1009] under which "Bernardus Willelmus comes�cum germano meo Sancio" confirmed the foundation of Saint-Sever by "genitor meus Willelmus Sancio comes"[473].]� m---.� The name of Atil�s wife is not known.� Atil & his wife had one child:�

a) SANCHO Atil (-after Nov 1028).� "�Sancio Atil�" signed the charter dated Nov 1028 under which "Comes Sancio" confirmed the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Sever by "pater meus Willelmus Sancio"[474].�

1. AUGER [I] (-after 13 Apr 1072).� Vicomte de Miramont.� "Augerius vicecomes de Miremont" abandoned "senioratum�quem Garsia Raimundus de Casaldels" donated to Saint-Sever in favour of the monastery, by charter dated after 13 Apr 1072[475].� According to Jaurgain, Vicomte Auger [I] was the son of Atil Sancho but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct nor even a source which records the patronymic of Auger[476].�

2. AUGER [II] (-before 1100).� Vicomte de Miramont.� "Ogerium de Miremon" acted as guarantor for "Arnaud de B�arn dit de Clarac chevalier" (his brother-in-law) in a peace treaty with the abbot of Saint-Sever dated to [1086][477].� According to Jaurgain, Vicomte Auger [II] was the son of Auger [I] but he cites no primary source which confirms that this is correct[478].�"Augerius vicecomes Mirimontis et filii eius" were present at the dedication of the church of Saint-P� 14 Oct 1095[479].� m ([1070]) TECLA, daughter of [AURIOL Centule de B�arn Seigneur de Clarac, Igon, Baudreix, Boeil et Auga & his wife ---].� Vicomte Auger and his wife Tecla donated a serf to Saint-P� by charter dated to [1095][480].� Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a charter dated to [1105] which records that "Artardus miles Bearnensis" donated two serfs to the church of Saint-P�, and that "Beliardis soror eius" donated the village of Clarac, that a dispute about the donations arose after the death of B�liarde, and that "Augerius�de Miramon nepos eius�cum matre sua�Tecla" eventually renounced their rights in favour of the church[481].� Auger [II] & his wife had [two] children:�

a) AUGER [III] (-[1110/20]).� "Oggerius de Miramundo qui et vicecomes Taurcensis" renounced his hereditary rights over the village of Baudreix, for the souls of "uxor� su� et filio suo", to the church of Saint-P� by charter dated to [1100][482].� Vicomte de Turson.� "Augerius de Miramont cum uxore sua�Comitissa" donated a serf to the church of Lescar, for the redemption of "filius sui Fortanerius", by charter dated to [1110][483].�m COMTESSE, daughter of ---.� "Augerius de Miramont cum uxore sua�Comitissa" donated a serf to the church of Lescar, for the redemption of "filius sui Fortanerius", by charter dated to [1110][484].�"Vicecomitissa de Miramon Comitissa�et filius eius Augerius" donated property to the church of Saint-P� by charter dated to [1120][485].� Auger [III] & his wife had three children:�

i) AUGER [IV] (-after 1136).� "Vicecomitissa de Miramon Comitissa�et filius eius Augerius" donated property to the church of Saint-P� by charter dated to [1120][486].� Vicomte de Turson.�

-������� see below.� ��

ii) FORTANER (-1170).� "Augerius de Miramont cum uxore sua�Comitissa" donated a serf to the church of Lescar, for the redemption of "filius sui Fortanerius", by charter dated to [1110][487].� Bishop of Bayonne [1150].�

iii) MATHILDE de Miramont .� m ([1115]) RAYMOND [I] Sancho Vicomte d�Orthe, son of ---.�

b) [ODON de Miramont(-after [1105]).� "Odo de Miramonte" donated "casalem in villa Ygon" to Saint-P� by charter dated to [1105][488].� There appears to be no primary source which confirms that Odon was the son of Auger [II] but this would be chronological possible.]�

AUGER[IV] de Miramont, son of AUGER [III] de Miramont Vicomte de Turson & his wife Comtesse --- (-after 1136).� "Vicecomitissa de Miramon Comitissa�et filius eius Augerius" donated property to the church of Saint-P� by charter dated to [1120][489].� Vicomte de Turson.� He took part in the capture of Zaragoza 18 Dec 1118[490].�

m firstly ---.� The name of Auger�s first wife is not known.�

m secondly ([1136]) NAVARA Vicomtesse de Soule, daughter of ARNAUD Vicomte de Soule & his wife ---.� "Navarra vicecomitissa de Seule et maritus eius Augerius de Miremon" donated property to [his brother] Fortaner de Miramont Bishop of Bayonne by charter dated to [1150/70][491].� "B. de Baiona et Wilelmus Bertrandi filius vicecomitis Baionensis�" subscribed the charter dated to [1150/70] under which "Navarra vicecomitissa de Seule et maritus eius Augerius de Miremon" donated property to [his brother] Fortaner de Miramont Bishop of Bayonne[492].�

Auger [IV] & his first wife had one child:�

1. AUGER [V] .� Vicomte de Turson. �

-������� SEIGNEURS de MIRAMONT[493].�

[1]http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste\_des\_seigneurs\_d'Albret (17 Aug 2008).�

[2] The website at http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau\_de\_Labrit includes a photograph of the site (17 Aug 2008).�

[3]Jaurgain (1902), p. 116.�

[4]Jaurgain (1898), pp. 399-401, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 233.

[5]Jaurgain (1902), p. 116.�

[6]Jaurgain (1902), p. 116, citing O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fo. 364 vo.�

[7]Jaurgain (1902), p. 116.�

[8] Spicilegium, Tome II, p. 585.�

[9] Jaurgain (1902), p. 116, quoting Cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fos. 47 vo, 49, 49 vo, 50 and 50 vo.�

[10] Jaurgain (1902), p. 117, quoting Cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fo. 52.�

[11] Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, quoting Cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fo. 51.�

[12] Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, quoting Cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fos. 47 vo, 49, 49 vo, 50 and 50 vo.�

[13]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118.�

[14]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 191.�

[15]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 191.�

[16]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 191.�

[17]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118.�

[18]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, citing Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr., p. 190.�

[19]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118.�

[20]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119, citing Art de v�rifier les dates, Tome IX, p. 266, and Luchaire (1873) Notice sur les origins de la Maison d�Albret, p. 9, no. 5.�

[21]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119.�

[22]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119, citing Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 1221.�

[23]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119.�

[24]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119.�

[25]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119, which does not cite the reference.�

[26]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119, citing Bibl. nat. Collection Ch�rin, dossier de Batz.�

[27]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119.�

[28]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119, quoting Cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, fo. 85, O�henart, I, c., fo. 51 vo.�

[29]Jaurgain (1902), p. 119, citing Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 1221.�

[30]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, quoting Cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, O�henart, I, c., fo. 165.�

[31]Jaurgain (1902), p. 120, citing Art de v�rifier les dates, Tome IX, p. 266.�

[32]Saint-Amand-de-Boixe 302, p. 270.�

[33]Saint-Amand-de-Boixe 315, p. 283.�

[34]Saint-Amand-de-Boixe 317, p. 284.�

[35]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, quoting Cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, O�henart, I, c., fo. 165.�

[36]Jaurgain (1902), p. 120, citing Art de v�rifier les dates, Tome IX, p. 266.�

[37]Jaurgain (1902), p. 118, quoting Cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, O�henart, I, c., fo. 165.�

[38]Jaurgain (1902), p. 121, citing Bibl. nat., Fonds latin, 11010, fo. 123.�

[39]Jaurgain (1902), p. 120, quoting Fauriel Histoire de la Croisade des Albigeois, pp. 91 and 603.�

[40]Jaurgain (1902), p. 120, citing Gallia Christiana, Tome II, Instr., p. 280.�

[41]Jaurgain (1902), p. 121, citing Bibl. nat., Fonds latin, 11010, fo. 123.�

[42]Jaurgain (1902), p. 121, citing Balasque (1875), Tome II, Pi�ces justificatives, p. 579.�

[43]Jaurgain (1902), p. 121, citing Archives des Basses-Pyr�n�es, E. 17.�

[44]Jaurgain (1902), p. 121, citing Balasque (1875), Tome II, Pi�ces justificatives, p. 579.�

[45]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 207.�

[46]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 207.�

[47] P�re Anselme, Tome III, p. 413.�

[48]Monlezun (1846), Tome II, p. 320, citing �Cartulaire de Gimont - Manuscrit du S�minaire�.�

[49]Jaurgain (1902), p. 121, citing Archives des Basses-Pyr�n�es, E. 17.�

[50]Jaurgain (1902), p. 121, citing Bibl. nat., Fonds latin, 11010, fo. 123.�

[51] Archives Historique de la Gironde (1861) Tome 3, p. 131, quoting Bibl. nat. Collection Doat, vol. 172.�

[52] Molinier �Alfonse de Poitiers (1262-1270) (1900), p. 306.�

[53]Besly (1647), p. 400.�

[54]Molinier, A. (ed.) (1894) Correspondance administrative d'Alfonse de Poitiers (Paris) (�_Alfonse de Poitou Correspondance_�) Tome I, 1061, p. 695.�

[55]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 207.�

[56]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[57]Trabut-Cussac �Les seigneurs de Lesparre� (1966), Pi�ces justificatives, I, p. 315.�

[58] Archives Historique de la Gironde (1861) Tome 3, p. 131, quoting Bibl. nat. Collection Doat, vol. 172.�

[59]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[60]Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 7.�

[61]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[62] Archives Historique de la Gironde (1861) Tome 3, p. 131, quoting Bibl. nat. Collection Doat, vol. 172.�

[63]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[64]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[65]Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1389.�

[66] Dugdale_Monasticon_ V, Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire V, In Chronicis Abbati� Tynterne in Wallia, p. 270.���

[67] Documents historiques Limousin bas-Latins (1883), Tome I, LXXXV, p. 204.�

[68]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[69]Veterum Scriptorum, Tome I, col. 1389.�

[70] Archives Historique de la Gironde (1861) Tome 3, p. 131, quoting Bibl. nat. Collection Doat, vol. 172.�

[71] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 7.�

[72]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[73]Jaurgain (1902), p. 173, quoting Archives des Basses-Pyr�n�es, E. 17.�

[74]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[75]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 207.�

[76]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[77]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[78]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[79]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[80]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 185.�

[81] Jaurgain (1902), p. 123, citing Archives des Basses-Pyr�n�es, E. 21.�

[82]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 190.�

[83]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 186.�

[84] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 7.�

[85] Trabut-Cussac �Les seigneurs de Lesparre� (1966), p. 311, citing �Bibl. mun. de Bordeaux, ms. 1400, fol. 71�.�

[86] Trabut-Cussac �Les seigneurs de Lesparre� (1966), p. 312, citing �Arch. d�p. Basses-Pyren�es, E 19�.�

[87] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 14.�

[88]Trabut-Cussac �Les seigneurs de Lesparre� (1966), p. 312, citing �Arch. d�p. Basses-Pyren�es, E 19�.�

[89]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[90]Trabut-Cussac �Les seigneurs de Lesparre� (1966), p. 312, citing �Arch. d�p. Basses-Pyren�es, E 19�.�

[91] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 9.�

[92] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 14.�

[93] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 47.�

[94]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 187.�

[95] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 92.�

[96] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 11.�

[97]Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pi�ce IV, citing Biblioth�que nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.���

[98]Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pi�ce IV, citing Biblioth�que nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.���

[99]Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pi�ce IV, citing Biblioth�que nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.���

[100]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 193.�

[101]Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pi�ce IV, citing Biblioth�que nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.���

[102] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 209.�

[103] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 47.�

[104]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 196.�

[105] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 157.�

[106]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 196.�

[107] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 17.�

[108] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 50.�

[109] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 210.�

[110] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 160.�

[111] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 157.�

[112] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 160.�

[113] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 47.�

[114]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 196.�

[115] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 47.�

[116] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 16.�

[117] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 17.�

[118] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 209.�

[119] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 209.�

[120] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 209.�

[121] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 210.�

[122]Trabut-Cussac �Les seigneurs de Lesparre� (1966), p. 312, citing �Arch. d�p. Basses-Pyren�es, E 19�.�

[123]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[124]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[125]Trabut-Cussac �Les seigneurs de Lesparre� (1966), p. 312, citing �Arch. d�p. Basses-Pyren�es, E 19�.�

[126]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 189.�

[127] Chartrier de Pons (1892), XLVII, p. 86.

[128] Chartrier de Pons (1892), LXVIII, p. 111.

[129] Chartrier de Pons (1892), LXXXV, p. 142.

[130] Chartrier de Pons (1892), LXXXIX, p. 149.

[131] Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 187.�

[132] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 8.�

[133] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 10.�

[134] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 9.�

[135] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 14.�

[136] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[137] ES III 151.�

[138] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208.�

[139] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 11.�

[140] ES III 151.�

[141] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 208, citing �Inventaire des titres de Bourbon communiqu� par M. de Vyon d�Herouval�.�

[142] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 9.�

[143]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 190.�

[144] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 14.�

[145] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 92.�

[146] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 92.�

[147]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 193.�

[148]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 195.�

[149]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 198.�

[150]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 191.�

[151]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 193.�

[152]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 195.�

[153] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 222.�

[154] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 16.�

[155] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 222.�

[156] Monlezun (1846), Tome VI, p. 347.�

[157] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 222.�

[158] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 222.�

[159]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 200.�

[160] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 222.�

[161] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 92.�

[162]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 195.�

[163] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 18.�

[164]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 196.�

[165] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 17.�

[166] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 17.�

[167]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 210.�

[168]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 222.�

[169]Extracts from the Archives d�partementales des Pyren�es Atlantiques, compiled by Ferdinand Villepelet (19th century), E. 40, [information provided by Jean Bunot in an email to the author 9 Jul 2016).�

[170] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 12.�

[171] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 12.�

[172]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 209.�

[173]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 209.�

[174]ES III 151.�

[175]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 209.�

[176]Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pi�ce IV, citing Biblioth�que nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.���

[177] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 47.�

[178] Brutails (1890) CI, p. 100.�

[179] Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 196.�

[180] Brutails (1890) CV, p. 105.�

[181]Rymer (1740), Tome II, Pars IV, p. 71.�

[182]Rymer (1740), Tome III, Pars I, p. 64.�

[183]Quoted by Barrois (2004), Appendice, pi�ce IV, citing Biblioth�que nationale, collection Doat 184 fol. 296-337.���

[184] L�pez de Ayala (1779), Tome I, Cr�nica del rey don Pedro, A�o Secundo, Cap. XV, p. 53.�

[185] Robillard de Beaurepaire (1870), Chap. XVII, p. 275.�

[186]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 200.�

[187]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 200.�

[188] Vallet de Viriville (1859), Fragments de la Geste des Nobles Fran�ois, Chap. 106, p. 129.�

[189]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 200.�

[190] Broussillon (1893), Tome II, 791, p. 49.�

[191] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 19.�

[192] Esquerrier, p. 68.�

[193]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 203.�

[194]Huillard-Br�holles (1874), Tome II, 5372, p. 243.�

[195] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 213.�

[196] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 213.�

[197] Vallet de Viriville (1858), Tome II, Chap. 238, p. 246.�

[198] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 20.�

[199]Marolles (1873), col. 6.�

[200] Marolles (1873), col. 6.�

[201] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 218.�

[202] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 217.�

[203]Marolles (1873), col. 5.�

[204]Marolles (1873), col. 5.�

[205]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 213.�

[206] Chronique scandaleuse (1611), p. 247.�

[207] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 161.�

[208] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 212.�

[209]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 212.�

[210] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, pp. 219-21.�

[211]Marolles (1873), col. 4.�

[212]Marolles (1873), col. 4.�

[213] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 213.�

[214]Vallet de Viriville (1858), Tome I, Chap. 30, p. 58.�

[215]Vallet de Viriville (1858), Tome I, Chap. 33, p. 63.�

[216] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 211.�

[217] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 211.�

[218] ES III 152.�

[219] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 19.�

[220] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 19.�

[221]P�re Anselme, Tome III, p. 382.�

[222]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 213.�

[223]P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 213.�

[224]P�re Anselme, Tome IV, p. 57.�

[225]Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 21.�

[226]Anthony (1931?), Tableau II, p. 10, and p. 20, Jean d�Albret, footnote 1, citing �Arch. des B.-Pyr., C. 680, fol. 12� and Cadier (1889) Partie 1, p. 84.�

[227]Cadier (1889), XVIII, p. 33.�

[228]Anthony (1931?), Tableau II, p. 10, and p. 20, Jean d�Albret, footnote 3, citing �un manuscrit des Contes de Boccace, du xve ou du xvie si�cle (Biblioth�que Sainte-Genevi�ve, no 1128, folio 356 verso)�.�

[229] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 214.�

[230] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, pp. 19-20.�

[231]P�re Anselme, Tome II, p. 383, and Tome III, p. 424.�

[232]Anthony (1931?), Corrections, Additions�, p. 101, citing �Coll. Doat, vol. 227, fol. 187�.�

[233] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 214.�

[234] P�re Anselme, Tome VI, p. 214.�

[235]Anthony (1931?), p. 29, and footnote (2).�

[236] Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 1298.�

[237]Anthony (1931?), p. 29, footnote (2), citing Eubel, C. (1910) Hierarchia catholica medii aevi, Vol. III (M�nster), p. 236 [not consulted].�

[238]Kerrebrouck (1987), p. 75 footnote 6, where he cites a marginal note in a contemporary notarial contract published in 'Notes extraites d'un protocole de notaire conserve aux archives de Ch�teaumorand' Archives historiques du Bourbonnais, tome II (Moulins, 1891), pp. 289-92.� .�

[239]Jaurgain (1902), Introduction, III, xi.�

[240]Jaurgain (1902), Introduction, III, xii.�

[241] Bayonne Livre d�Or, I, p. 1.�

[242]Jaurgain (1898), pp. 399-401, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 232.

[243] Ex Historia Abbati� Condomensis, RHGF, Tome XI, p. 395.�

[244]Jaurgain (1898), p. 401, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 144.�

[245]Jaurgain (1898), p. 443, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instrum. pp. 194-5.�

[246]Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, IX, p. 10.�

[247] Dax, 4, p. 96.�

[248] Jaurgain (1902), p. 44.�

[249] Jaurgain (1902), p. 45, citing Cartulaire de Lescar, and Marca (B�arn), p. 275.�

[250]Jaurgain (1902), pp. 53 and 54.�

[251]Dax 5, p. 96.�

[252]Jaurgain (1902), p. 45, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 282.�

[253]RHGF, Tome XIV, p. 187.�

[254]Jaurgain (1902), p. 46, quoting Brutails, J. A. (1897) Cartulaire de Saint-Seurin de Bordeaux, p. 28.�

[255]Jaurgain (1902), p. 46, quoting Cartulaire de Dax, Marca (B�arn), p. 401, n. ii.�

[256]Dax 7, p. 99.�

[257]Sorde Saint-Jean LVIII, p. 46.�

[258]Dax 7, p. 99.�

[259]Jaurgain (1902), p. 45, citing M�morial, �crit en 1102, Bibl. nat., mss., Fonds Baluze, vol. 14, fo. 188.�

[260]Jaurgain (1902), p. 45, citing M�morial, �crit en 1102, Bibl. nat., mss., Fonds Baluze, vol. 14, fo. 188.�

[261]Jaurgain (1902), p. 53.�

[262]Jaurgain (1902), p. 54, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Marca (B�arn), p. 280, n. IV.�

[263]Dax 8, p. 100.�

[264]Jaurgain (1902), p. 47.�

[265]Jaurgain (1902), p. 47.�

[266]Sorde Saint-Jean LIX, p. 47.�

[267]Dax 9, p. 102.�

[268]Jaurgain (1902), p. 48, citing Petit cartulaire de Dax, O�henart, vol. mss. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fo. 353.�

[269]Dax 9, p. 102.�

[270]Dax 9, p. 102.�

[271]Jaurgain (1902), p. 53.�

[272]Jaurgain (1902), p. 54, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Marca (B�arn), p. 280, n. IV.�

[273]Jaurgain (1902), p. 54, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Marca (B�arn), p. 283, n. I.�

[274] Jaurgain (1902), p. 54, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Marca (B�arn), p. 401, n. I.�

[275]Jaurgain (1902), p. 54, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 167.�

[276]Jaurgain (1902), p. 54.�

[277]Jaurgain (1902), p. 54, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 167.�

[278]Jaurgain (1902), p. 55, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 167.�

[279]Jaurgain (1902), p. 55, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 167.�

[280]Jaurgain (1902), p. 45, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 282.�

[281]Jaurgain (1902), p. 47.�

[282]Sorde Saint-Jean LVIII, p. 46.�

[283]Sorde Saint-Jean LVIII, p. 46.�

[284]Jaurgain (1902), p. 56.�

[285] Jaurgain (1902), p. 59, citing Bibl. nat., mss., Cabinets des Titres, Dossiers bleus: Lusse.�

[286]Jaurgain (1902), pp. 59-76, where the descent is shown until the early 15th century. �

[287] Jaurgain (1902), p. 77, citing Histoire et g�n�alogie de la Maison de Gramont (Paris, 1874), pp. 77-79.�

[288]Sorde Saint-Jean LVII, p. 45.� Gramont family members are also named in charters on pp. 8, 53 and 56.�

[289] ES X 67-71, and Jaurgain (1902), pp. 77-100, where the descent is shown until the mid-15th century. �

[290] Jaurgain (1902), p. 55, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Marca (B�arn), p. 401, n. I.�

[291]Jaurgain (1902), p. 56.�

[292]Dax 9, p. 102.�

[293]Dax 9, p. 102.�

[294] Dax 10, p. 108.�

[295] Bofarull y Mascar� (1836) Tomo II, pp. 165-9.�

[296]Dax 12, p. 112.�

[297]Roger of Hoveden, Vol. II, p. 117.�

[298]Roger of Hoveden, Vol. II, p. 117.�

[299] Jaurgain (1902), p. 57, citing Gallia Christiana, Tome I, cols. 1130 and 1144.�

[300]Jaurgain (1902), Introduction, III, xii.�

[301]Jaurgain (1902), Introduction, III, xiii.�

[302]Jaurgain (1902), p. 234.�

[303]Jaurgain (1898), p. 207.�

[304] Bayonne Livre d�Or, III, p. 7.�

[305] Bayonne Livre d�Or, III, p. 7.�

[306]Jaurgain (1902), pp. 237-8.�

[307]Jaurgain (1902), pp. 238-9.�

[308] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XIV, p. 26.�

[309] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XV, p. 28.�

[310] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XV, p. 28.�

[311]Sorde Saint-Jean CXV, p. 96.�

[312]Sorde Saint-Jean CXV, p. 96.�

[313]Sorde Saint-Jean CXV, p. 96.�

[314] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XIV, p. 26.�

[315] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XI, p. 21.�

[316]Jaurgain (1902), p. 242.�

[317] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XI, p. 21.�

[318] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXV, p. 42.�

[319]Sorde Saint-Jean CXV, p. 96.�

[320] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XVII, p. 30.�

[321] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XX, p. 35.�

[322] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXXI, p. 53.�

[323] Dax 12, p. 112.�

[324]Jaurgain (1902), p. 245, quoting Martyrologe de la Case-Dieu.

[325]Jaurgain (1902), p. 245, quoting Balasque Etudes historiques sur Bayonne, Tome I, p. 158.

[326] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXV, p. 42.�

[327]Jaurgain (1902), p. 251.�

[328] Bayonne Livre d�Or, VI, p. 14.�

[329]Jaurgain (1902), p. 246, quoting Annales, Tome II, p. 513.

[330] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXXI, p. 53.�

[331] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXI, p. 36, and XXII, p. 37.�

[332] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXXI, p. 53.�

[333]Jaurgain (1902), p. 246, citing Compaigne Chronique de la ville de Bayonne, p. 24.

[334]Roger of Hoveden, Vol. II, p. 117.�

[335] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XX, p. 35.�

[336] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXXIV, p. 59.�

[337]Jaurgain (1902), p. 247, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 1046.

[338]Jaurgain (1902), p. 248, quoting Bibl. nat. Collection Duchesne, vol. 114, fo. 36.

[339]Jaurgain (1902), pp. 248-50.�

[340] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXXIX, p. 67.�

[341] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XVII, p. 30.�

[342]Jaurgain (1902), p. 247, quoting Brutails, M. (1897) Cartulaire de Saint-Seurin de Bordeaux, p. 72.

[343] Bayonne Livre d�Or, IV, p. 11.�

[344] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XX, p. 35.�

[345] Jaurgain (1902), p. 132 footnote 4. �

[346] Jaurgain (1902), p. 132 footnote 4. �

[347] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 129-31.�

[348]Jaurgain (1902), p. 109, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 134.�

[349]Jaurgain (1902), p. 130.�

[350]Jaurgain (1902), p. 130, citing Cartulaire de Dax.�

[351]Jaurgain (1902), p. 130, citing Cartulaire de Dax.�

[352]Jaurgain (1902), p. 130, citing Marca (B�arn), p. 267.�

[353] Jaurgain (1902), p. 130.�

[354]Jaurgain (1902), p. 130.�

[355] Jaurgain (1902), p. 131, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 178.�

[356]Dax 16, p. 126.�

[357]Dax 17, p. 128.�

[358] Jaurgain (1902), p. 130.�

[359] Jaurgain (1902), p. 131, citing Cartulaire de Saint-Sever, and Marca (B�arn), p. 267.�

[360]Dax 26, p. 138.�

[361] Jaurgain (1902), p. 131, citing Cartulaire de Saint-Sever, and Marca (B�arn), p. 267.�

[362] Jaurgain (1902), p. 131, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 178.�

[363] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XI, p. 21.�

[364]Dax 18, p. 128.�

[365]Jaurgain (1902), p. 131.�

[366] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXXI, p. 53.�

[367]Jaurgain (1902), p. 132, quoting Cartulaire de Dax, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fos. 352 vo and 357.�

[368]Jaurgain (1902), p. 131.�

[369] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXXI, p. 53.�

[370]Jaurgain (1902), p. 132, quoting Cartulaire de Dax, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fos. 352 vo and 357.�

[371]Jaurgain (1902), p. 132, quoting Cartulaire de Dax, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fos. 352 vo and 357.�

[372] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XXXI, p. 53.�

[373]Jaurgain (1902), p. 132.�

[374]Jaurgain (1902), p. 132, citing Cartulaire de Dax, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fos. 352.�

[375] R�les Gascons, Tome I, 25 Hen III, 159, pp. 23-4.�

[376] Jaurgain (1902), p. 132, citing Cartulaire de Dax, O�henart, vol. ms. de M. l�Abb� de Carsalade, fos. 319.�

[377] Jaurgain (1902), p. 132 footnote 4. �

[378]Jaurgain (1902), p. 132, citing Bibl. nat. Collection Doat, vol. 170, fos. 318-321.�

[379]Jaurgain (1902), p. 132, citing Rymer F�dera, Tome III, p. 318.�

[380] Jaurgain (1902), p. 132 footnote 4. �

[381] Jaurgain (1902), p. 132 footnote 4, citing Archives de Bayonne, Cartulaire de Saint-Bernard. �

[382]Jaurgain (1898), pp. 180 and 285-6, quoting Extrait des Archives de la Chambre des Comptes de Montpellier, ex ms. Berd, and Brugeles, D. Chron. Eccles. du dioc�se d�Auch, Preuves de la troisi�me partie, 81.�

[383] Jaurgain (1902), p. 127.�

[384]Jaurgain (1902), p. 127 and Jaurgain (1898), p. 329, quoting Marca (B�arn), pp. 210-11.�

[385] Saint-Beno�t-sur-Loire, LXII, p. 153, charter headed "Acte suspect" in the compilation.�

[386]Jaurgain (1898), p. 396, and Buisson (1876), Tome I, pp. 149-51.

[387]Jaurgain (1898), p. 396, and Buisson (1876), Tome I, pp. 151-9.

[388]Jaurgain (1898), pp. 399-, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 232.

[389]Jaurgain (1902), p. 109, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 134.�

[390]Jaurgain (1902), p. 130.�

[391]Jaurgain (1902), p. 130, citing Cartulaire de Dax

[392]Jaurgain (1898), p. 396, and Buisson (1876), Tome I, pp. 149-51.

[393]Jaurgain (1898), p. 396, and Buisson (1876), Tome I, pp. 151-9.

[394] Bayonne Livre d�Or, I, p. 1.�

[395]Jaurgain (1898), pp. 399-, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 232.

[396]Jaurgain (1898), pp. 399-, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 232.

[397] Ex Historia Abbati� Condomensis, RHGF, Tome XI, p. 395.�

[398] Jaurgain (1902), p. 128.�

[399]Jaurgain (1898), p. 401, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 144.�

[400]Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, IX, p. 10.�

[401]Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, IX, p. 10.�

[402] Jaurgain (1902), p. 128, quoting Grand cartulaire de la Grande-Sauve, fo. 45.�

[403]Jaurgain (1902), p. 129, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 183.�

[404]Jaurgain (1902), p. 129, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 183.�

[405] Jaurgain (1902), p. 129 footnote 2.�

[406] Jaurgain (1902), p. 129.�

[407]Saint-Mont 1, p. 6.�

[408] Jaurgain (1902), p. 129.�

[409]R�ole Saint-Pierre LXXXVIII, p. 129.�

[410] De Origine et Incremento vill� Montis-Marsani seu Marciani in capite Wasconi�, RHGF, Tome XII, p. 386.�

[411]Jaurgain (1902), pp. 384-5, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, Instr., p. 192.�

[412] Lacarra Repoblaci�n del Valle del Ebro' (1952), 366, p. 585.�

[413] Lacarra Repoblaci�n del Valle del Ebro' (1952), 366, p. 585.�

[414]Jaurgain (1902), p. 166, quoting Cartulaire de Berdoues, fo. 26.�

[415]Jaurgain (1902), p. 167, quoting Cartulaire noir de Saint-Marie d'Auch, fo. 150.�

[416] Jaurgain (1898), p. 93.�

[417] R�les Gascons, Tome I, 25 Hen III, 159, pp. 23-4.�

[418]CP III 433.�

[419]B�mont (1914), 54, p. 31.�

[420] R�les Gascons , Tome II, 975, p. 291.�

[421]Hamilton (1988), p. 26.�

[422]The National Archives, Kew, Reference: SC 8/278/13863, summary available at http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C9517811, with a photocopy of the original available for free download (9 Nov 2015).�

[423]B�mont (1906), Tome III, 4472, p. 369.�

[424]Jaurgain (1902), Introduction, III, xii, and p. 49.�

[425]Jaurgain (1902), p. 45, citing M�morial, �crit en 1102, Bibl. nat., mss., Fonds Baluze, vol. 14, fo. 188.�

[426]Sorde Saint-Jean XL, p. 31.�

[427]RHGF, Tome XIV, p. 187.�

[428] Sorde Saint-Jean XXIX, p. 22.�

[429] Sorde Saint-Jean XXIX, p. 22.�

[430]Dax 8, p. 100.�

[431]Dax 7, p. 99.�

[432]RHGF, Tome XIV, p. 187.�

[433] Sorde Saint-Jean XLIII, p. 33.�

[434]Sorde Saint-Jean XLV, p. 35.�

[435]Dax 17, p. 128.�

[436] Jaurgain (1902), p. 130.�

[437] Sorde Saint-Jean XXIX, p. 22.�

[438] Sorde Saint-Jean XXV, p. 19.�

[439]Sorde Saint-Jean XXX, p. 23.�

[440]Jaurgain (1898), p. 92.�

[441]Jaurgain (1902), p. 51, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 1065-6.�

[442]Jaurgain (1902), p. 52, citing Compaigne Chronique de Bayonne.�

[443]Sorde Saint-Jean CXII, p. 92.�

[444]Jaurgain (1902), p. 52, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 1066.�

[445]Dax 12, p. 112.�

[446]Jaurgain (1902), p. 52, quoting Gallia Christiana, Tome I, col. 1066.�

[447]Jaurgain (1902), p. 52, citing Dompnier de Sauviac, A. (1873) Chroniques de la cit� et du dioc�se d�Acqs, p. 173.�

[448]Jaurgain (1902), p. 53, citing Dompnier de Sauviac, A. (1873) Chroniques de la cit� et du dioc�se d�Acqs, pp. 175 and 182.�

[449] R�les Gascons, Tome I, 25 Hen III, 159, pp. 23-4.�

[450] Sorde Saint-Jean CLXVIII, p. 142.�

[451]R�ole Saint-Pierre LI, p. 101.�

[452]R�ole Saint-Pierre CXXXIX, p. 175.�

[453] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XI, p. 21.�

[454]Dax 12, p. 112.�

[455] Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, CLXIV, p. 126.�

[456] Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, CI, p. 76.�

[457] Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, CLXIV, p. 126.�

[458]Brutails (1890) I, p. 1.�

[459]Jaurgain (1902), p. 121, citing Bibl. nat., Fonds latin, 11010, fo. 123.�

[460] Bordeaux Saint-Seurin, CLXIV, p. 126.�

[461]Gimont, XLI, p. 403.�

[462] R�les Gascons, Tome I, 25 Hen III, 159, pp. 23-4.�

[463]Brutails (1890) XII, p. 10.�

[464]Dom Villevieille (Passier), Tome I, p. 187.�

[465] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 8.�

[466] Dubois �Titres de la maison d�Albret�, p. 10.�

[467]Saint-Beno�t-sur-Loire LXIII, p. 165.�

[468] Jaurgain (1902), p. 109.�

[469]Jaurgain (1902), p. 109, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 134.�

[470]Jaurgain (1898), pp. 399-401, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 232.

[471] Jaurgain (1902), p. 109.�

[472] Jaurgain (1902), p. 109.�

[473]Jaurgain (1898), pp. 399-, quoting Marca (B�arn), p. 232.

[474]Jaurgain (1898), p. 401, and Buisson (1876), Tome II, p. 144.�

[475]Jaurgain (1902), p. 110, and Buisson (1876), Tome I, p. 186.�

[476]Jaurgain (1902), p. 110.�

[477]Jaurgain (1902), p. 110, and Buisson (1876), Tome I, p. 190.�

[478]Jaurgain (1902), p. 110.�

[479]Jaurgain (1902), p. 110, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-P�, Marca (B�arn), pp. 350 and 357.�

[480]Jaurgain (1902), pp. 111-12, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-P�, Annuaire du Petit S�minaire de Saint-P�, 1887, p. 286.�

[481]Jaurgain (1902), p. 110, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-P�, Annuaire du Petit S�minaire de Saint-P�, 1887, p. 286.�

[482]Jaurgain (1902), p. 110, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-P�, Marca (B�arn), p. 414, no. VI.�

[483]Jaurgain (1902), p. 112, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Bibl. nat. Collection Duchesne, vol. 114, fo. 21.�

[484]Jaurgain (1902), p. 112, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Bibl. nat. Collection Duchesne, vol. 114, fo. 21.�

[485]Jaurgain (1902), p. 112, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-P�, Bibl. nat. Collection Duchesne, vol. 114, fo. 56 vo, and Marca (B�arn), p. 414 no. VI.�

[486]Jaurgain (1902), p. 112, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-P�, Bibl. nat. Collection Duchesne, vol. 114, fo. 56 vo, and Marca (B�arn), p. 414 no. VI.�

[487]Jaurgain (1902), p. 112, quoting Cartulaire de Lescar, Bibl. nat. Collection Duchesne, vol. 114, fo. 21.�

[488]Jaurgain (1902), p. 111, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-P�, Annuaire du Petit S�minaire de Saint-P�, 1881, p. 184.�

[489]Jaurgain (1902), p. 112, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-P�, Bibl. nat. Collection Duchesne, vol. 114, fo. 56 vo, and Marca (B�arn), p. 414 no. VI.�

[490]Jaurgain (1902), p. 113, citing Marca (B�arn), pp. 406-14, and Moret Annales, Tome II, pp. 247-80.�

[491] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XX, p. 35.�

[492] Bayonne Livre d�Or, XX, p. 35.�

[493] Jaurgain (1902), pp. 113-4.�