Nuclear Weapons Frequently Asked Questions (NWFAQ) Change History (original) (raw)

Nuclear Weapons Frequently Asked Questions

Version 2.26: 13 March 2019

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Section 14. Nuclear Weapons FAQ Change History

This revision (Version 2.26: 13 March 2019) is probably the last one for this section, which is to announce the it is frozen and will not be updated anymore. When this project started more than 25 years ago, I provided version change tracking for the convenience of users, both within the NWFAQ, and for the website when I began hosting it myself. Maintaining versions on each page, and here, and on the website pages, as I originally did, is just too much of maintenance burden making version change notations in multiple places every time an edit was made, and for very little value. This has become an historical document (part of the Library of Congress Permanent Collection, for example, so rather than deleting this, I am just leaving this as is.

Section. 0 This section changes whenever a new version of any other section is released.

Section. 1 Version 2.12: July 12, 1996 1.5.2 Staged Fission-Fusion and Fission-Fusion-Fission Weapons Version 2.13: January 10, 1997 1.5.2 Staged Fission-Fusion and Fission-Fusion-Fission Weapons 1.5.3 The Alarm Clock/Layer Cake (Sloika) Design 1.6 Cobalt Bombs and other Salted Bombs Version 2.14: May 15, 1997 1.5.1 Boosted Fission Weapons Version 2.15: 5 December, 1997 1.3 Units of Measurement Version 2.16: 1 May, 1998 Significant revision of most sections.

Section. 2 Version 2.13: May 15, 1997 Section was HTMLized. Version 2.14: September 22, 1998 2.1.4.3 Preventing Disassembly and Increasing Efficiency Version 2.15: 20 February 1999 ASCII diagram repleced by GIF

Section. 3 Version 2.13: May 22, 1996 3.2.4 Matter At High Pressures 3.4.1 Acoustic Waves 3.4.3.1 Classical Shock Waves 3.5.2 Subcritical Shocks 3.5.3 Critical Shock Waves 3.5.4 Supercritical Shock Waves 3.7.5 Methods for Extreme Compression Version 2.14: July 12, 1996 In addition to the sections below with substantive changes, equation and table numbering was introduced throughout the section. 3.1.4 The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Law 3.1.6 Properties of Blackbody Radiation 3.2.4 Matter At High Pressures 3.2.5 Matter At High Temperatures 3.3.1 Bound-Bound Interactions 3.3.3.1 Bremsstrahlung Absorption and Emission 3.3.3.2 Scattering 3.4.3.3 Linear Equation of State for Shock Compression 3.5.5 Radiation Dominated Shock Waves Version 2.15: August 12, 1996 3.1.3 Thermodynamic Equilibrium and Equipartition 3.1.4 Relaxation 3.1.5 The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Law 3.1.7 Properties of Blackbody Radiation 3.3.3 Free-Free Interactions 3.7.5 Methods for Extreme Compression Version 2.16: March 13, 1997 The entire document was reworked to achieve a more sophisticated level HTML formatting (use of tables, elimination or preformatted text, inclusion of figure GIFs, etc.). New material was added to: 3.2.4 Matter At High Pressures 3.3 Interaction of Radiation and Matter (Almost completely rewritten, with many new subsections added.) 3.4.3.3 Linear Equation of State for Shock Compression 3.7.3 Convergent Shock Waves 3.8 Instability Version 2.17: December 5, 1997 The ASCII diagrams were completely replaced by GIFs (changed sections listed below are in addition to this). 3.2.4 Matter At High Pressures 3.7.5 Methods for Extreme Compression

Section. 4 Version 2.0: October 4, 1996 Initial version. Version 2.01: May 16, 1997 HTMLized through Subsection 4.2. 4.0 Engineering and Design of Nuclear Weapons 4.1.1 Dimensional and Temporal Scale Factors 4.1.5.2.1 Tampers 4.1.6.1.1 Single Gun Systems 4.1.6.1.2 Double Gun Systems 4.1.6.1.4 Initiation 4.1.6.2 Implosion Assembly 4.1.6.2.2.5 Explosives 4.1.6.2.2.6 Detonation Systems 4.1.9.1 Nuclear Tests 4.2.2 High Efficiency Weapons 4.2.3.1 Minimum Size 4.2.5.1 Thermonuclear Primaries (Triggers) 4.2.5.2 Earth Penetrating Warheads Version 2.02: December 5, 1997 4.1.6 Methods of Core Assembly (GIFs added) 4.4.2 Schematic of a Thermonuclear Device (GIF added) Version 2.03: January 7, 1998 4.1 Elements of Fission Weapon Design Various bug fixes, some revisions (most substantial in 4.1.6.2 Implosion Assembly) 4.2.4 High Yield Weapons Version 2.04: 20 Februrary 1999 4.1.7.1.3 U-233

Section. 5 Version 2.13: May 22, 1996 5.2.1 Radioactive Contamination 5.2.2 Effects on the Atmosphere and Climate 5.2.2.1 Harm to the Ozone Layer 5.2.2.2 Nuclear Winter 5.6.3.5.3 Cancer Version 2.14: May 15, 1997 Section was HTMLized.

Section. 6 Version 2.13: May 22, 1996 6.2.2.1 Plutonium Metallurgy 6.3.2 Lithium (Li) Version 2.14: July 12, 1996 6.2.1 Uranium (U) Version 2.15: August 23, 1996 6.2.1 Uranium (U) Version 2.16: January 10, 1997 6.2.1.4 Depleted Uranium 6.3.1 Hydrogen Isotopes 6.3.1.2 Tritium (T) 6.3.2 Lithium (Li) 6.4.1 Beryllium (Be) Version 2.17: May 15, 1997 Section was HTMLized. Version 2.18: 20 February 1999 Many revisions, including especially: 6.2.1.3 U-233 6.2.2 Plutonium (Pu) 6.2.3 Thorium (Th) 6.2.4.1 Protactinium 6.2.4.2 Neptunium 6.2.4.3 Americium 6.2.4.4 Californium 6.3.1.1 Deuterium (D) 6.3.2 Lithium (Li) 6.4.1 Beryllium (Be)

Section. 7 Version 2.13: May 22, 1996 7.1 Nuclear Weapon Treaties Version 2.14: July 12, 1996 7.1 Nuclear Weapon Treaties (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty) 7.2.3.2 Stockpiled British Nuclear Weapons 7.2.3.3 British Nuclear Installations 7.2.4 France 7.2.5 China 7.2.6.1 Ukraine 7.3.3 Israel 7.3.6 Pakistan Version 2.15: August 23, 1996 7.1 Nuclear Weapon Treaties (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty) 7.2.3.1 History of British Nuclear Weapons 7.4.6 Sweden 7.4.7 Switzerland 7.5 Other Nuclear Capable States Version 2.16: January 10, 1997 7.1 Nuclear Weapon Treaties 7.2.1 United States of America 7.2.6 Other Former Soviet States 7.2.6.1 Ukraine 7.2.6.3 Belarus 7.5 Other Nuclear Capable States (Germany and Japan) Version 2.17: May 15, 1997 Section was HTMLized. 7.1 Nuclear Weapon Treaties (Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, START II) 7.2.2 Russia Version 2.18: December 5, 1997 7.2.3 Britain (extensive revisions) 7.2.4 France (extensive revisions) 7.2.5 China (extensive revisions) 7.2.6.2 Kazakhstan 7.3.1 India 7.3.2 Iran 7.3.3 Israel (extensive revisions) 7.3.4 Libya 7.3.6 Pakistan 7.4.2 Brazil 7.4.4 South Africa 7.4.5 South Korea 7.4.7 Switzerland 7.4.7 Algeria Version 2.19: 20 February 1999 7.0 Nuclear Weapon Nations and Arsenals (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT)) 7.2.1 United States of America Completely revised 7.2.2 Russia Completely revised 7.2.3.2 History of the British Nuclear Weapon Stockpile 7.2.3.3 The Current British Nuclear Weapon Stockpile 7.2.3.4 British Nuclear Installations 7.3.2 Iran 7.3.3 Israel 7.4.2 Brazil 7.4.8 Taiwan 7.4.9 Algeria 7.5.3 Germany Version 2.20: 9 August 2001 7.1 Nuclear Weapon Treaties 7.2.1 United States of America Completely revised 7.2.2 Russia Completely revised 7.2.3 Britain Completely revised 7.2.4 France Completely revised 7.2.5 China Completely revised 7.2.6 India Completely revised 7.2.7 Pakistan Completely revised

Section. 8 Version 2.13: May 22, 1996 8.1.5 Availability of Additional Bombs Version 2.14: July 12, 1996 8.2.2 Design and Testing of the First Fusion Weapons (Ivy Mike) Version 2.15: October 4, 1996 8.1.3 Little Boy 8.2.2 Design and Testing of the First Fusion Weapons (Castle Bravo, Castle Romeo) Version 2.16: January 10, 1997 8.1.1 The Design of Gadget, Fatman, and "Joe 1" (RDS-1) 8.1.3 Little Boy 8.2.2 Design and Testing of the First Fusion Weapons (Joe 4) Version 2.17: May 15, 1997 Section was HTMLized.

Section. 9 Not released.

Section. 10 Version 2.12: July 12, 1996 February, 1945 Version 2.13: May 15, 1997 Section HTMLized.

Section. 11 Not released.

Section. 12 Version 2.0: August 23, 1996 Initial version. Version 2.01: 20 February 1999 Major new section added: Isotope Properties and Neutron Cross Sections

Section. 13 Not released.

Section. 14 This section changes whenever a new version of any other section is released.