PHP: Exception::__toString - Manual (original) (raw)

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

Exception::__toString — String representation of the exception

Description

public Exception::__toString(): string

Parameters

This function has no parameters.

Return Values

Returns the string representation of the exception.

Examples

Example #1 Exception::__toString() example

<?php try { throw new Exception("Some error message"); } catch(Exception $e) { echo $e; } ?>

The above example will output something similar to:

exception 'Exception' with message 'Some error message' in /home/bjori/tmp/ex.php:3 Stack trace: #0 {main}

Found A Problem?

devnull ¶

1 year ago

The Exception __toString implementation will also include the string representation of previous exceptions chained to this exception, _before_ the string representation of the current exception.

For example:

<?php
class OuterException extends Exception {}
class MiddleException extends Exception {}
class InnerException extends Exception {}

$excA = new InnerException("inner exception", 0); <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>x</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>w</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>x</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&quot;</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>x</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">&quot;</mi><mo separator="true">,</mo><mn>0</mn><mo separator="true">,</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">excB = new MiddleException(&quot;middle exception&quot;, 0, </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6833em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="mord mathnormal">c</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">wM</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">dd</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.01968em;">l</span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ce</span><span class="mord mathnormal">pt</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">&quot;</span><span class="mord mathnormal">mi</span><span class="mord mathnormal">dd</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.01968em;">l</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ee</span><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ce</span><span class="mord mathnormal">pt</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mord">&quot;</span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.1667em;"></span><span class="mord">0</span><span class="mpunct">,</span></span></span></span>excA); <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>x</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>w</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>x</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&quot;</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>x</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">&quot;</mi><mo separator="true">,</mo><mn>0</mn><mo separator="true">,</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">excC = new OuterException(&quot;outer exception&quot;, 0, </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6833em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="mord mathnormal">c</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">wO</span><span class="mord mathnormal">u</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">er</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ce</span><span class="mord mathnormal">pt</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">&quot;</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">u</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ere</span><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ce</span><span class="mord mathnormal">pt</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mord">&quot;</span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.1667em;"></span><span class="mord">0</span><span class="mpunct">,</span></span></span></span>excB);

echo "The exception is:\n$excC";
?>

will print the following:

The exception is:
InnerException: inner exception in test.php:6
Stack trace:
#0 {main}

Next MiddleException: middle exception in test.php:7
Stack trace:
#0 {main}

Next OuterException: outer exception in test.php:8
Stack trace:
#0 {main}