Countries YZ (original) (raw)

Rulers

Contents of this page:
Yemen - Zambia - Zimbabwe

Yemen

Yemen (Aden)

16 Jan 1839 British occupation of Aden Sep 1839 subordinated to Bombay (see provinces of British India) 1873 Aden protectorates acquired 1932 Aden a separate province of British India 1 Apr 1937 British colony and protectorates 11 Feb 1959 Federation of Arab Emirates of the South - Lahj (from 5 Oct 1959) - Aqrabi (from Feb 1960) - Awdhali - Lower Awlaqi (from Feb 1960) - Upper Awlaqi Sheikhdom - Bayhan - Dali - Fadli - Lower Yafa - Wahidi (from 1 Apr 1962) 4 Apr 1962 Federation of South Arabia - Aden (from 18 Jan 1963) - Lahj - Alawi (from 1965) - Aqrabi - Awdhali - Lower Awlaqi - Upper Awlaqi Sultanate (from Jun 1964) - Upper Awlaqi Sheikhdom - Bayhan - Dali - Fadli - Hawshabi (from 30 Mar 1963) - Shaib (from 30 Mar 1963) - Lower Yafa` - Maflahi (from 1965) - Wahidi 18 Jan 1963 Aden protectorates renamed Protectorate of South Arabia 30 Nov 1967 independence (People's Republic of South Yemen) 30 Nov 1970 People's Democratic Republic of Yemen

Political agents Sep 1839 - Jun 1854 Stafford Bettesworth Haines (b. 1802 - d. 1860) Jun 1854 - Sep 1854 James Outram (b. 1803 - d. 1863) Sep 1854 - 1859 William Marcus Coghlan (b. 1803 - d. 1885) Political residents 1859 - 1863 William Marcus Coghlan (s.a.) 1863 - 1867 William Lockyer Merewether (b. 1825 - d. 1880) 1867 - 1870 Edward Lechmere Russell (from 24 Aug 1868, Sir Edward Lechmere Russell) (b. 1818 - d. 1904) 1870 - 1872 Charles William Tremenheere (b. 1813 - d. 1898) 17 Jul 1872 - 1877 John William Schneider (b. 1824 - d. 1903) 1878 - 1882 Francis Adam Ellis Loch (b. 1827 - d. 1891) 1882 - 1885 James Blair (b. 1828 - d. 1905) 1885 Frederick Mercer Hunter (acting) (b. 1844 - d. 1898) 1885 - 1890 Adam George Forbes Hogg (b. 1836 - d. 1908) 1890 - 1895 John Jopp (b. 1840 - d. 1923) 1895 - 1898 Charles Alexander Cuningham (b. 1842 - d. 1925) 1898 - 1900 O'Moore Creagh (b. 1848 - d. 1923) 1900 - 1901 Herbert Edward Penton (b. 1850 - d. 1922) 1901 George Hand More-Molyneux (b. 1851 - d. 1903) 1901 - 1904 Pelham James Maitland (b. 1847 - d. 1935) 1904 - 1906 Harry Macan Mason (b. 1850 - d. 1929) 1906 - 1910 Ernest de Brath (b. 1858 - d. 1933) 1910 - 1915 James Alexander Bell (from 27 Nov 1911, Sir James Alexander Bell) (b. 1856 - d. 1926) 1915 - 1916 Charles Henry Uvedale Price (b. 1862 - d. 1942) 1916 - 1921 James Marshall Stewart (from 9 Jun 1919, Sir James Marshall Stewart) (b. 1861 - d. 1943) 1921 - 1925 Thomas Edwin Scott (from 1 Jan 1925, Sir Thomas Edwin Scott) (b. 1867 - d. 1937) 1925 - 1928 Keith Stewart (from 3 Jun 1927, Sir Keith Stewart) (b. 1872 - d. 1955) 1928 - 7 Mar 1931 Sir Stewart Symes (b. 1882 - d. 1962) 7 Mar 1931 - 1932 Bernard Rawdon Reilly (b. 1882 - d. 1966) Chief commissioner 1932 - 1 Apr 1937 Bernard Rawdon Reilly (from 4 Jun 1934, Sir Bernard Rawdon Reilly) (s.a.) Governors 1 Apr 1937 - 24 Oct 1940 Sir Bernard Rawdon Reilly (s.a.) 24 Oct 1940 - 1944 John Hathorn Hall (from 1 Jan 1941, Sir John Hathorn Hall) (b. 1894 - d. 1979) 1 Jan 1945 - 1950 Reginald Champion (from 1 Jan 1946, Sir Reginald Champion) (b. 1895 - d. 1982) 1950 - Apr 1951 William Goode (acting) (b. 1907 - d. 1986) Apr 1951 - 13 Jul 1956 Tom Hickinbotham (from 1 Jun 1953, Sir Tom Hickinbotham) (b. 1903 - d. 1983) 13 Jul 1956 - 23 Oct 1960 Sir William Luce (b. 1907 - d. 1977) 23 Oct 1960 - 18 Jan 1963 Sir Charles Johnston (b. 1912 - d. 1986) High commissioners 18 Jan 1963 - 17 Jul 1963 Sir Charles Johnston (s.a.) 17 Jul 1963 - 21 Dec 1964 Sir Kennedy Trevaskis (b. 1915 - d. 1990) 21 Dec 1964 - 22 May 1967 Sir Richard Turnbull (b. 1909 - d. 1998) 22 May 1967 - 30 Nov 1967 Sir Humphrey Trevelyan (b. 1905 - d. 1985) President 30 Nov 1967 - 22 Jun 1969 Qahtan Muhammad al-Shaabi (b. 1920 - d. 1981) 22 Jun 1969 - 23 Jun 1969 Presidential Council - Muhammad Ali Haitham (b. 1940 - d. 1993) - Muhammad Saleh al-Awlaqi (b. 1941 - d. 1973) - Abdul Fattah Ismail (b. 1939 - d. 1986) - Salem Rubayyi Ali (b. 1935 - d. 1978) - Ali Ahmad Nasir Antar (b. _c._1935 - d. 1986) Chairmen of the Presidential Council 23 Jun 1969 - 26 Jun 1978 Salem Rubayyi Ali (s.a.) 26 Jun 1978 - 27 Dec 1978 Ali Nasir Muhammad (b. 1939) (acting to 1 Jul 1978) Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council 27 Dec 1978 - 21 Apr 1980 Abdul Fattah Ismail (s.a.) 21 Apr 1980 - 24 Jan 1986 Ali Nasir Muhammad (s.a.) 24 Jan 1986 - 22 May 1990 Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas (b. 1939) (interim to 6 Nov 1986)

Chief ministers 17 Jan 1963 - 24 Jun 1963 Hassan Ali Bayumi (b. 1915? - d. 1963) 9 Jul 1963 - 7 Mar 1965 Zayn Abdu Baharun 7 Mar 1965 - 25 Sep 1965 Abdul-Qawi Makkawi (b. 1918 - d. 1998) Prime ministers 6 Apr 1969 - 22 Jun 1969 Faysal al-Shaabi (b. 1935? - d. 1970) 23 Jun 1969 - 2 Aug 1971 Muhammad Ali Haitham (s.a.) 2 Aug 1971 - 14 Feb 1985 Ali Nasir Muhammad (s.a.) 14 Feb 1985 - 8 Feb 1986 Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas (s.a.) 8 Feb 1986 - 22 May 1990 Yasin Said Numan (b. 1947)

Yemen (Sana)

Sep 1597 Qasimi State, called Yemen from _c._1905 1872 Ottoman occupation 1876 - 1905 Ottoman annexation 30 Oct 1918 independence 2 Sep 1926 Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen internationally recognized 27 Sep 1962 Yemen Arab Republic

Imams and (from 2 Sep 1926) kings - Banu�l Qasim dynasty - 1686 - 1716 Muhammad Nasir ibn Ahmad (b. ... - d. 1716) 1718 - 1723 Qasim ibn Hussein (1st time) (b. ... - d. 1727) 1723 Nasir Muhammad ibn Ishaq 1723 - 1727 Qasim ibn Hussein (2nd time) (s.a.) 1727 - 1728 Muhammad al-Hadi al-Majid ibn Ali 1728 - 6 Mar 1748 Mansur ibn Qasim (b. ... - d. 1748) 1748 - 4 Sep 1775 Abbas ibn Mansur (b. 1719 - d. 1775) 15 Sep 1775 - 24 Oct 1809 Ali ibn al-Abbas (b. 1738 - d. 1809) 24 Oct 1809 - 10 Sep 1816 Ahmad ibn Ali (b. 17... - d. 1816) 10 Sep 1816 - 27 Nov 1835 Abdullah ibn Ahmad (b. 1793 - d. 1835) 27 Nov 1835 - 1836 Ali ibn Abdullah (1st time) 1836 - Feb 1840 Abdullah ibn al-Hassan (b. ... - d. 1840) Feb 1840 - 8 Jan 1844 Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Hadi (b. ... - d. 1844) 1841 - 1844 al-Qasim ibn Ahmad (in rebellion) 8 Jan 1844 - Dec 1845 Ali ibn Abdullah (2nd time) Dec 1845 - 1848 Muzaffar ad-Din Muhammad ibn Yahya 1848 - 1849 Ahmad ibn Hashim 1849 - 1850 Ali ibn Abdullah (3rd time) 1850 al-Abbas ibn Abd ar-Rahman 1850 - 1852 Ghalib ibn Muhammad (1st time) 1852 - 1857 Ahmad ibn Ahmad al-Haymi (governor of Sana) 1857 - 1858 Sheikh Abdullah ibn Yusuf (governor of Sana) 1858 - 1872 Ghalib ibn Muhammad (2nd time) 1859 - 1863 al-Husayn ibn Muhammad (in rebellion) 1872 - 1876 Muhsin ibn Ahmad (in rebellion from 1871) Oct 1878 - 1890 Sharaf ad-Din Muhammad (at Sa`da) (b. ... - d. 1890) 1882 - 1901 Muhammad al-Huthi al-Mahdi (in rebellion) May 1891 - 4 Jun 1904 Muhammad ibn Yahya Hamid ad-Din (b. 1839 - d. 1904) 4 Jun 1904 - 17 Feb 1948 Yahya ibn Muhammad (b. 1867 - d. 1948) 18 Feb 1948 - 14 Mar 1948 Abdullah ibn Ahmad al-Wazir (b. 1888 - d. 1948) 15 Mar 1948 - 31 Mar 1955 Ahmad ash-Shams (1st time) (b. 1891 - d. 1962) 31 Mar 1955 - 5 Apr 1955 Abdullah ibn Yahya (b. 1912 - d. 1955) 5 Apr 1955 - 18 Sep 1962 Ahmad ash-Shams (2nd time) (s.a.) 19 Sep 1962 - 27 Sep 1962 Muhammad al-Badr (b. 1929 - d. 1996) (continuing in rebellion to 1970 [from 1967 in al-Ta�if, Saudi Arabia]) Presidents 27 Sep 1962 - 5 Nov 1967 Abdullah al-Sallal (b. 1917 - d. 1994) (chairman Revolutionary Command Council to 3 Oct 1962) 5 Nov 1967 - 13 Jun 1974 Abdul Rahman al-Iryani (b. 1908? - d. 1998) (chairman Republican Council) 13 Jun 1974 - 11 Oct 1977 Ibrahim Muhammad al-Hamadi (b. 1943 - d. 1977) (chairman Command Council to 13 Jun 1975) 11 Oct 1977 - 24 Jun 1978 Ahmad al-Ghashmi (b. 1938 - d. 1978) (chairman Presidential Council to 22 Apr 1978) 24 Jun 1978 - 18 Jul 1978 Abdul Karim Abdullah al-Arashi (b. 1934 - d. 2006) (chairman Presidential Council) 18 Jul 1978 - 22 May 1990 Ali Abdullah Saleh (b. 1942 - d. 2017)

Prime ministers 1948 Ali ibn Abdullah al-Wazir 1948 - 18 Jun 1955 Hassan ibn Yahya (b. 1908 - d. 2003) 28 Sep 1962 - 26 Apr 1963 Abdullah al-Sallal (1st time) (s.a.) 5 Oct 1962 - Oct 1962 Ahmad al-Sayari (royalist government) Oct 1962 - 1968 Hassan ibn Yahya (s.a.) (royalist government) 26 Apr 1963 - 5 Oct 1963 Abdul Latif Dayfallah (1st time) (b. 1932 - d. 2019) 5 Oct 1963 - 10 Feb 1964 Abdul Rahman al-Iryani (s.a.) 10 Feb 1964 - 29 Apr 1964 Hassan al-Amri (1st time) (b. 1916 - d. 1989) 29 Apr 1964 - 6 Jan 1965 Hamoud al-Jaifi (b. 1918 - d. 1985) 6 Jan 1965 - 20 Apr 1965 Hassan al-Amri (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Apr 1965 - 6 Jul 1965 Ahmad Muhammad Numan (1st time) (b. 1909 - d. 1996) 6 Jul 1965 - 20 Jul 1965 Abdullah al-Sallal (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Jul 1965 - 18 Sep 1966 Hassan al-Amri (3rd time) (s.a.) 18 Sep 1966 - 5 Nov 1967 Abdullah al-Sallal (3rd time) (s.a.) 5 Nov 1967 - 21 Dec 1967 Mohsin al-Aini (1st time) (b. 1932 - d. 2021) 21 Dec 1967 - 9 Jul 1969 Hassan al-Amri (4th time) (s.a.) 9 Jul 1969 - 2 Sep 1969 Abdul Salam Sabrah (1st time) (b. 1912 - d. 2012) (acting) 2 Sep 1969 - 5 Feb 1970 Abdullah Kurshumi (b. 1932 - d. 2007) 5 Feb 1970 - 26 Feb 1971 Mohsin al-Aini (2nd time) (s.a.) 26 Feb 1971 - 3 May 1971 Abdul Salam Sabrah (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 3 May 1971 - 24 Aug 1971 Ahmad Muhammad Numan (2nd time) (s.a.) 24 Aug 1971 - 5 Sep 1971 Hassan al-Amri (5th time) (s.a.) 5 Sep 1971 - 18 Sep 1971 Abdul Salam Sabrah (3rd time) (s.a.) (acting) 18 Sep 1971 - 30 Dec 1972 Mohsin al-Aini (3rd time) (s.a.) 30 Dec 1972 - 10 Feb 1974 Qadi Abdullah al-Hajri (b. 1919 - d. 1977) 10 Feb 1974 - 22 Jun 1974 Hassan Muhammad Makki (b. 1933 - d. 2016) (acting to 3 Mar 1974) 22 Jun 1974 - 16 Jan 1975 Mohsin al-Aini (4th time) (s.a.) 16 Jan 1975 - 25 Jan 1975 Abdul Latif Dayfallah (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 25 Jan 1975 - 15 Oct 1980 Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani (1st time) (b. 1939 - d. 2011) 15 Oct 1980 - 13 Nov 1983 Abdul Karim al-Iryani (b. 1934 - d. 2015) 13 Nov 1983 - 22 May 1990 Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani (2nd time) (s.a.)

Yemen

22 May 1990 unification as Republic of Yemen

Presidents 22 May 1990 - 25 Feb 2012 Ali Abdullah Saleh (s.a.) (chairman Presidential Council to 1 Oct 1994) 4 Jun 2011 - 23 Sep 2011 Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi (1st time) (acting for Saleh) (b. 1945) 25 Feb 2012 - 6 Feb 2015 Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi (2nd time) (s.a.) (continues in opposition at Aden 21 Feb - 25 Mar and 22 Sep - Oct 2015; in Saudi Arabia exile 26 Mar - 22 Sep 2015 and Oct 2015 - 19 Apr 2022; retaining international recognition) 6 Feb 2015 - 15 Aug 2016 Muhammad Ali al-Houthi (b. 1979) (head of Revolutionary Committee) Presidents of the Supreme Political Council 15 Aug 2016 - 19 Apr 2018 Saleh al-Sammad (b. 1979 - d. 2018) 25 Apr 2018 - Mahdi al-Mashat (b. 198...) 19 Apr 2022 - Rashad al-Alimi (b. 1954) (head of Presidential Leadership Council, at Aden; internationally recognized)

Prime ministers 22 May 1990 - 9 May 1994 Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas (s.a.) 9 May 1994 - 6 Oct 1994 Muhammad Said al-Attar (acting) (b. 1927 - d. 2005) 6 Oct 1994 - 14 May 1997 Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani (s.a.) 14 May 1997 - 29 Apr 1998 Faraj Said Bin Ghanem (b. 1937 - d. 2007) 29 Apr 1998 - 7 Apr 2001 Abdul Karim al-Iryani (s.a.) (acting to 14 May 1998) 7 Apr 2001 - 7 Apr 2007 Abdul Qader Bajamal (b. 1946 - d. 2020) 7 Apr 2007 - 10 Dec 2011 Ali Muhammad Mujawar (b. 1953) Jun 2011 - 23 Aug 2011 Hassan al-Lawzi (b. 1952 - d. 2020) (acting for Mujawar) 10 Dec 2011 - 9 Nov 2014 Muhammad Salim Basindwah (b. 1935) 24 Sep 2014 - 9 Nov 2014 Abdullah Mohsen al-Akwa (b. 1961) (acting for Basindwah) 9 Nov 2014 - 6 Feb 2015 Khaled Bahah (b. 1965) (continues in Hadi government Mar 2015 - 4 Apr 2016) Feb?2016 - 28 Nov 2016 Talal Aqlan (acting) 4 Apr 2016 - 18 Oct 2018 Ahmad Obaid Bin Daghr (b. 1952) (recognized government) 28 Nov 2016 - 10 Aug 2024 Abdul Aziz Bin Habtour (b. 1955) 18 Oct 2018 - 8 Feb 2024 Maeen Abdul Malik (b. 1976) (recognized government) 8 Feb 2024 - Ahmad Awad Bin Mubarak (b. 1968) (recognized government) 10 Aug 2024 - Ahmad al-Rahawi

Democratic Republic of Yemen

21 May 1994 - 7 Jul 1994 former Yemen (Aden) in secession as Democratic Republic of Yemen

President 21 May 1994 - 7 Jul 1994 Ali Salim al-Baidh (b. 1939/42)

Prime minister 21 May 1994 - 7 Jul 1994 Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas (s.a.)

Southern Transitional Council

10 Aug 2019 takes control of Aden

President 11 May 2017 - Aidarus al-Zubaidi (b. 1967)

Yugoslavia: see under Serbia.

Zaire: see Congo (Kinshasa).

Zambia

17 Aug 1911 North-Eastern and North-Western Rhodesia, administered by the British South Africa Company, united as Northern Rhodesia 1 Apr 1924 British protectorate 3 Sep 1953 - 31 Dec 1963 part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (see under Zimbabwe) 24 Oct 1964 independence (Republic of Zambia)

Administrators of North-Eastern Rhodesia 1 Jul 1895 - Jun 1897 Patrick William Forbes (b. 1861 - d. 1923) Jun 1897 - Jul 1898 Henry Lawrence Daly (acting) (b. 1856 - d. 19...) 11 Jul 1898 - Apr 1907 Robert Edward Codrington (b. 1869 - d. 1908) 24 Apr 1907 - Jan 1909 Lawrence Aubrey Wallace (b. 1857 - d. 1942) Jan 1909 - May 1911 Leicester Paul Beaufort (acting) (b. 1853 - d. 1926) May 1911 - 16 Aug 1911 Hugh Charlie Marshall (acting) (b. 1867 - d. 19...) Administrators of North-Western Rhodesia 18 Sep 1900 - Apr 1907 Robert Coryndon (b. 1870 - d. 1925) 8 Apr 1907 - 16 Dec 1908 Robert Edward Codrington (s.a.) Jan 1909 - 16 Aug 1911 Lawrence Aubrey Wallace (acting) (s.a.) Administrators 17 Aug 1911 - Mar 1921 Lawrence Aubrey Wallace (from 15 Mar 1918, Sir Lawrence Aubrey Wallace) (s.a.) 17 Mar 1921 - 20 Sep 1923 Sir Drummond Chaplin (b. 1866 - d. 1933) 20 Sep 1923 - 1 Apr 1924 Richard Goode (acting) (b. 1873 - d. 1953) Governors 1 Apr 1924 - 25 Jul 1927 Herbert Stanley (from 3 Jun 1924, Sir Herbert Stanley) (b. 1872 - d. 1955) 25 Jul 1927 - 31 Aug 1927 Richard Goode (acting) (s.a.) 31 Aug 1927 - 1 Dec 1932 Sir James Crawford Maxwell (b. 1869 - d. 1932) 1 Dec 1932 - Feb 1934 Sir Ronald Storrs (b. 1881 - d. 1955) 7 Jan 1935 - Jul 1938 Sir Hubert Winthrop Young (b. 1885 - d. 1950) Jul 1938 - 1 Sep 1938 William Marston Logan (1st time) (b. 1889 - d. 1968) (acting) 1 Sep 1938 - 9 Apr 1941 John Alexander Maybin (from 2 Jan 1939, Sir John Alexander Maybin) (b. 1889 - d. 1941) 9 Apr 1941 - 16 Oct 1941 William Marston Logan (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 16 Oct 1941 - 16 Oct 1947 Sir John Waddington (b. 1890 - d. 1957) 16 Oct 1947 - 19 Feb 1948 Robert Stanley (acting) (b. 1899 - d. 1981) 19 Feb 1948 - 8 Mar 1954 Sir Gilbert Rennie (b. 1895 - d. 1981) 8 Mar 1954 - 25 May 1954 Alexander Williams (acting) (b. 1903 - d. 1984) 25 May 1954 - 22 Apr 1959 Sir Arthur Benson (b. 1907 - d. 1987) 22 Apr 1959 - 24 Oct 1964 Sir Evelyn Hone (b. 1911 - d. 1979) Presidents 24 Oct 1964 - 2 Nov 1991 Kenneth Kaunda (b. 1924 - d. 2021) 2 Nov 1991 - 2 Jan 2002 Frederick Chiluba (b. 1943 - d. 2011) 2 Jan 2002 - 19 Aug 2008 Levy Mwanawasa (b. 1948 - d. 2008) 29 Jun 2008 - 23 Sep 2011 Rupiah Banda (b. 1937 - d. 2022) (acting [for Mwanawasa to 19 Aug 2008] to 2 Nov 2008) 23 Sep 2011 - 28 Oct 2014 Michael Sata (b. 1937 - d. 2014) 29 Oct 2014 - 25 Jan 2015 Guy Scott (acting) (b. 1944) 25 Jan 2015 - 24 Aug 2021 Edgar Lungu (b. 1956) 24 Aug 2021 - Hakainde Hichilema (b. 1962)

Prime ministers 22 Jan 1964 - 24 Oct 1964 Kenneth Kaunda (s.a.) 28 Aug 1973 - 27 May 1975 Mainza Chona (1st time) (b. 1930 - d. 2001) 27 May 1975 - 20 Jul 1977 Elijah Mudenda (b. 1927 - d. 2008) 20 Jul 1977 - 15 Jun 1978 Mainza Chona (2nd time) (s.a.) 15 Jun 1978 - 18 Feb 1981 Daniel Lisulo (b. 1930 - d. 2000) 18 Feb 1981 - 24 Apr 1985 Nalumino Mundia (b. 1927 - d. 1988) 24 Apr 1985 - 15 Mar 1989 Kebby Musokotwane (b. 1946 - d. 1996) 15 Mar 1989 - 31 Aug 1991 Malimba Masheke (b. 1941)

Zanzibar: see under Tanzania.

Zimbabwe

   1901                Mashonaland and Matabeleland, administered by the British
                       South Africa Company, united as Southern Rhodesia

1 Oct 1923 British colony 3 Sep 1953 - 31 Dec 1963 part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland 24 Oct 1964 renamed Rhodesia 11 Nov 1965 unilateral declaration of independence 2 Mar 1970 republic 1 Jun 1979 Zimbabwe Rhodesia 12 Dec 1979 return to colonial status 18 Apr 1980 independence as Zimbabwe 17 Apr 1991 Republic of Zimbabwe

Mashonaland

Administrators 29 Jun 1890 - 18 Sep 1891 Archibald Ross Colquhoun (b. 1848 - d. 1914) 18 Sep 1891 - 2 May 1896 Leander Starr Jameson (b. 1853 - d. 1917) 2 May 1896 - 24 Jul 1897 Albert Henry George Grey, Earl Grey (b. 1851 - d. 1917) 24 Jul 1897 - 24 Jan 1901 William Henry Milton (b. 1854 - d. 1930) (acting to 5 Dec 1898)

Matabeleland

Administrator Nov 1896 - Mar 1901 Arthur Lawley (b. 1860 - d. 1932)

Southern Rhodesia, Rhodesia, and Zimbabwe Rhodesia

Administrators 24 Jan 1901 - 2 Nov 1914 William Henry Milton (from 26 Jun 1903, Sir William Henry Milton) (s.a.) 2 Nov 1914 - 24 Dec 1914 Francis James Newton (acting) (b. 1857 - d. 1948) 24 Dec 1914 - 21 Sep 1923 Drummond Chaplin (from 12 Feb 1917, Sir Drummond Chaplin) (b. 1866 - d. 1933) 21 Sep 1923 - 23 Sep 1923 Percival Donald Leslie Fynn (b. 1872 - d. 1940) (acting) Governors 1 Oct 1923 - 15 Jun 1928 Sir John Robert Chancellor (b. 1870 - d. 1952) 15 Jun 1928 - 24 Nov 1928 Murray Bisset (from 18 Jul 1928, Sir Murray Bisset) (acting) (b. 1876 - d. 1931) 24 Nov 1928 - 1 May 1934 Sir Cecil Hunter-Rodwell (b. 1874 - d. 1953) 1 May 1934 - 8 Jan 1935 Sir Fraser Russell (1st time) (b. 1876 - d. 1952) (acting) 8 Jan 1935 - 8 Jan 1942 Sir Herbert Stanley (b. 1872 - d. 1955) 8 Jan 1942 - 10 Dec 1942 Sir Fraser Russell (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 10 Dec 1942 - 26 Oct 1944 Sir Evelyn Baring (b. 1903 - d. 1973) 26 Oct 1944 - 20 Feb 1945 Sir Robert James Hudson (1st time) (b. 1885 - d. 1963) (acting) 20 Feb 1945 - 17 Jul 1946 Sir Campbell Tait (b. 1886 - d. 1946) 2 Feb 1946 - 19 Jul 1946 Sir Fraser Russell (3rd time) (s.a.) (acting [for Tait to 17 Jul 1946]) 19 Jul 1946 - 14 Jan 1947 Sir Robert James Hudson (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 14 Jan 1947 - 21 Nov 1953 Sir John Noble Kennedy (b. 1893 - d. 1970) 21 Nov 1953 - 26 Nov 1954 Sir Robert Clarkson Tredgold (b. 1899 - d. 1977) (acting) 26 Nov 1954 - 28 Dec 1959 Sir Peveril William-Powlett (b. 1898 - d. 1985) 28 Dec 1959 - 17 Nov 1965 Humphrey Vicary Gibbs (from 1 Jan 1960, Sir Humphrey Vicary Gibbs) (b. 1902 - d. 1990) (continues to 24 Jun 1969, unrecognized by Smith regime) Officer Administering the Government 17 Nov 1965 - 2 Mar 1970 Clifford Dupont (b. 1905 - d. 1978) (acting to 20 Dec 1965) Presidents 2 Mar 1970 - 31 Dec 1975 Clifford Dupont (s.a.) (acting to 16 Apr 1970) 1 Jan 1976 - 14 Jan 1976 Henry Everard (1st time) (acting) (b. 1897 - d. 1980) 14 Jan 1976 - 31 Aug 1978 John Wrathall (b. 1913 - d. 1978) 31 Aug 1978 - 1 Nov 1978 Henry Everard (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.) 1 Nov 1978 - 5 Mar 1979 Jack William Pithey (acting) (b. 1903 - d. 1984) 5 Mar 1979 - 1 Jun 1979 Henry Everard (3rd time) (acting) (s.a.) 1 Jun 1979 - 12 Dec 1979 Josiah Zion Gumede (b. 1919 - d. 1989) Governor 12 Dec 1979 - 17 Apr 1980 Christopher Soames, Baron Soames (b. 1920 - d. 1987)

Premiers (from Apr 1933, prime ministers) 1 Oct 1923 - 28 Aug 1927 Sir Charles Coghlan (b. 1863 - d. 1927) 2 Sep 1927 - 5 Jul 1933 Howard Unwin Moffat (b. 1869 - d. 1951) 5 Jul 1933 - 12 Sep 1933 George Mitchell (b. 1867 - d. 1937) 12 Sep 1933 - 7 Sep 1953 Godfrey Martin Huggins (from 1 Jan 1941, Sir Godfrey Martin Huggins) (b. 1883 - d. 1971) 7 Sep 1953 - 17 Feb 1958 Garfield Todd (b. 1908 - d. 2002) 17 Feb 1958 - 17 Dec 1962 Sir Edgar Whitehead (b. 1905 - d. 1971) 17 Dec 1962 - 13 Apr 1964 Winston Field (b. 1904 - d. 1969) 13 Apr 1964 - 1 Jun 1979 Ian D. Smith (b. 1919 - d. 2007) 1 Jun 1979 - 12 Dec 1979 Abel T. Muzorewa (b. 1925 - d. 2010)

Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland

Governors-general 4 Sep 1953 - 24 Jan 1957 John Jestyn Llewellin, Baron Llewellin (b. 1893 - d. 1957) 24 Jan 1957 - Feb 1957 Sir Robert Clarkson Tredgold (s.a.) (acting) Feb 1957 - 8 Oct 1957 Sir William Lindsay Murphy (b. 1887 - d. 1965) (acting) 8 Oct 1957 - May 1963 Simon Ramsay, Earl of Dalhousie (b. 1914 - d. 1999) May 1963 - 31 Dec 1963 Sir Humphrey Vicary Gibbs (acting) (s.a.)

Prime ministers 7 Sep 1953 - 2 Nov 1956 Sir Godfrey Martin Huggins (from 17 Feb 1955, Godfrey Martin Huggins, Viscount Malvern) (s.a.) 2 Nov 1956 - 31 Dec 1963 Sir Roy Welensky (b. 1907 - d. 1991)

Zimbabwe

Presidents 18 Apr 1980 - 31 Dec 1987 Canaan Banana (b. 1936 - d. 2003) 31 Dec 1987 - 21 Nov 2017 Robert Mugabe (b. 1924 - d. 2019) 21 Nov 2017 - 24 Nov 2017 Phelekezela Mphoko (acting) (b. 1940 - d. 2024) 24 Nov 2017 - Emmerson Mnangagwa (b. 1946)

Prime ministers 18 Apr 1980 - 31 Dec 1987 Robert Mugabe (s.a.) 11 Feb 2009 - 11 Sep 2013 Morgan Tsvangirai (b. 1952 - d. 2018)