(original) (raw)

greek057

05700

5700 Tense - Future See 5776
Voice - Passive Deponent See 5789
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 7

05701

5701 Tense - Future See 5776
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 251

05702

5702 Tense - Future See 5776
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 1

05703

5703 Tense - Future See 5776
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Subjunctive See 5792
Count - 1

05704

5704 Tense - Future See 5776
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 188

05705

5705 Tense - Future See 5776
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 5

05706

5706 Tense - Future See 5776
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 2

05707

5707 Tense - Imperfect See 5775
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 857

05708

5708 Tense - Imperfect See 5775
Voice - Middle Deponent See 5788
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 1

05709

5709 Tense - Imperfect See 5775
Voice - Either Middle or Passive See 5787
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 1

05710

5710 Tense - Imperfect See 5775
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 34

05711

5711 Tense - Imperfect See 5775
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 184

05712

5712 Tense - Imperfect See 5775
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 83

05713

5713 Tense - Imperfect See 5775
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 533

05714

5714 Tense - Second Pluperfect See 5783
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 1

05715

5715 Tense - Pluperfect See 5779
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 83

05716

5716 Tense - Pluperfect See 5779
Voice - Middle Deponent See 5788
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 1

05717

5717 Tense - Pluperfect See 5779
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 1

05718

5718 Tense - Pluperfect See 5779
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 7

05719

5719 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 3014

05720

5720 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 582

05721

5721 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 647

05722

5722 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Optative See 5793
Count - 8

05723

5723 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 2549

05724

5724 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Impersonal See 5797
Count - 1

05725

5725 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Subjunctive See 5792
Count - 353

05726

5726 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle Deponent See 5788
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 1

05727

5727 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Either Middle or Passive See 5787
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 7

05728

5728 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Either Middle or Passive See 5787
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 6

05729

5729 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Either Middle or Passive See 5787
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 2

05730

5730 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Either Middle or Passive See 5787
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 13

05731

5731 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 67

05732

5732 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 33

05733

5733 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 30

05734

5734 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 105

05735

5735 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Subjunctive See 5792
Count - 8

05736

5736 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 618

05737

5737 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 152

05738

5738 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 109

05739

5739 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Optative See 5793
Count - 4

05740

5740 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 544

05741

5741 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Subjunctive See 5792
Count - 40

05742

5742 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Passive Deponent See 5789
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 2

05743

5743 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 271

05744

5744 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 48

05745

5745 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 105

05746

5746 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 358

05747

5747 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Subjunctive See 5792
Count - 18

05748

5748 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 1617

05749

5749 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 23

05750

5750 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 135

05751

5751 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Optative See 5793
Count - 12

05752

5752 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 191

05753

5753 Tense - Present See 5774
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Subjunctive See 5792
Count - 69

05754

5754 Tense - Second Perfect See 5782
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 97

05755

5755 Tense - Second Perfect See 5782
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 8

05756

5756 Tense - Second Perfect See 5782
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 43

05757

5757 Tense - Second Perfect See 5782
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 1

05758

5758 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 514

05759

5759 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 1

05760

5760 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 30

05761

5761 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 193

05762

5762 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Active See 5784
Mood - Subjunctive See 5792
Count - 10

05763

5763 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Middle Deponent See 5788
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 1

05764

5764 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 1

05765

5765 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Middle See 5785
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 5

05766

5766 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 19

05767

5767 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 0

05768

5768 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent See 5790
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 4

05769

5769 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Indicative See 5791
Count - 215

05770

5770 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 3

05771

5771 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Infinitive See 5795
Count - 9

05772

5772 Tense - Perfect See 5778
Voice - Passive See 5786
Mood - Participle See 5796
Count - 463

05773

5773 Tense - No Tense Stated See 5799
Voice - No Voice Stated See 5799
Mood - Imperative See 5794
Count - 21

05774

5774 Tense - Present

The present tense represents a simple statement of fact
or reality viewed as occurring in actual time. In most cases
this corresponds directly with the English present tense.

Some phrases which might be rendered as past tense in English
will often occur in the present tense in Greek. These are
termed "historical presents," and such occurrences dramatize
the event described as if the reader were there watching the
event occur. Some English translations render such historical
presents in the English past tense, while others permit the
tense to remain in the present.

05775

5775 Tense - Imperfect

The imperfect tense generally represents continual or repeated
action. Where the present tense might indicate "they are
asking," the imperfect would indicate "they kept on asking."

In the case of the verb "to be," however, the imperfect tense
is used as a general past tense and does not carry the
connotation of continual or repeated action.

05776

5776 Tense - Future

The future tense corresponds to the English future, and
indicates the contemplated or certain occurrence of an event
which has not yet occurred.

05777

5777 Tense - Aorist

The aorist tense is characterized by its emphasis on punctiliar
action; that is, the concept of the verb is considered without
regard for past, present, or future time. There is no
direct or clear English equivalent for this tense, though it is
generally rendered as a simple past tense in most translations.

The events described by the aorist tense are classified into a
number of categories by grammarians. The most common of these
include a view of the action as having begun from a certain
point ("inceptive aorist"), or having ended at a certain point
("cumulative aorist"), or merely existing at a certain point
("punctiliar aorist"). The categorization of other cases can
be found in Greek reference grammars.

The English reader need not concern himself with most of these
finer points concerning the aorist tense, since in most cases
they cannot be rendered accurately in English translation,
being fine points of Greek exegesis only. The common practice
of rendering an aorist by a simple English past tense should
suffice in most cases.

05778

5778 Tense - Perfect

The perfect tense in Greek corresponds to the perfect tense in
English, and describes an action which is viewed as having been
completed in the past, once and for all, not needing to be
repeated.

Jesus' last cry from the cross, TETELESTAI ("It is finished!")
is a good example of the perfect tense used in this sense,
namely "It [the atonement] has been accomplished, completely,
once and for all time."

Certain antiquated verb forms in Greek, such as those related
to seeing (eidw) or knowing (oida) will use the perfect tense
in a manner equivalent to the normal past tense. These few
cases are exception to the normal rule and do not alter the
normal connotation of the perfect tense stated above.

05779

5779 Tense - Pluperfect

The pluperfect tense in Greek occurs rarely. It corresponds
in a single Greek word to the sense of the English pluperfect,
which indicates an event viewed as having been once and for
all accomplished in past time. In contrast, the perfect tense
reflects the final completion of an action at the present
moment described.

In translation the Greek pluperfect may not always follow the
rendering of the English pluperfect, due to excessive wordiness.
The English pluperfect is normally formed with the past tense
of the "helping" verbs "to have" or "to be," plus the past
participle, e.g., "He had finished." The English perfect
is formed by the present tense of the helping verb plus the
past participle, e.g., "He has finished."

05780

5780 Tense - Second Aorist

The "second aorist" tense is identical in meaning and
translation to the normal or "first" aorist tense. The only
difference is in the form of spelling the words in Greek, and
there is no effect upon English translation.

See "Aorist" 5777

05781

5781 Tense - Second Future

The "second future" is identical in meaning to that of the
normal or "first" future tense. The classification merely
reflects a spelling variation in Greek of the "first future"
tense, and has no effect on English meaning beyond that of the
normal future.

See "Future" 5776

05782

5782 Tense - Second Perfect

The second perfect is identical in meaning to that of the
normal or "first" perfect tense, and has no additional effect
on English translation. The classification merely represents
a spelling variation in Greek.

See "Perfect" 5778

05783

5783 Tense - Second Pluperfect

The second pluperfect is identical in meaning to that of the
normal or "first" pluperfect tense. It has no additional
meaning or effect on English translation, and merely reflects
a spelling variation in Greek.

05784

5784 Voice - Active

The active voice represents the subject as the doer or
performer of the action. e.g., in the sentence, "The
boy hit the ball," the boy performs the action.

05785

5785 Voice - Middle

The middle voice indicates the subject performing an action
upon himself (reflexive action) or for his own benefit. E.g.,
"The boy groomed himself." Many verbs which occur only in
middle voice forms are translated in English as having an
active sense; these are called "deponent" verbs, and do not
comply with the normal requirements for the middle voice.

05786

5786 Voice - Passive

The passive voice represents the subject as being the
recipient of the action. E.g., in the sentence, "The boy was
hit by the ball," the boy receives the action.

05787

5787 Voice - Either Middle or Passive

Many of the so-called "deponent" verbs can have either a
middle or passive form. These are normally translated as
having an active voice, since they have no active form in
their outward spelling. At times, however, they retain their
middle or passive significance.

05788

5788 Voice - Middle Deponent

The middle deponent forms in almost all cases are translated
as being in the active voice.

See "Active" 5784

05789

5789 Voice - Passive Deponent

The passive deponent forms in almost all cases are translated
as being in the passive voice.

See "Passive" 5786

05790

5790 Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent

The middle or passive deponent forms in almost all cases are
translated as being in the active voice.

See "Active" 5784

05791

5791 Mood - Indicative

The indicative mood is a simple statement of fact. If an
action really occurs or has occurred or will occur, it will be
rendered in the indicative mood.

05792

5792 Mood - Subjunctive

The subjunctive mood is the mood of possibility and
potentiality. The action described may or may not occur,
depending upon circumstances. Conditional sentences of the
third class ("ean" + the subjunctive) are all of this type, as
well as many commands following conditional purpose clauses,
such as those beginning with "hina."

05793

5793 Mood - Optative

The optative mood is generally used in the so-called
"fourth-class" conditions which express a wish or desire for
an action to occur in which the completion of such is
doubtful. By the time of the New Testament, the optative mood
was beginning to disappear from spoken and written Greek, and
such rarely occurs in the New Testament.

In a few cases, verbs in the optative mood stand apart from a
conditional clause to express the strongest possible wish
regarding an event. The most common of these appears in the
phrase "mh genoito" (AV,"God forbid"; NKJV "Certainly not").

05794

5794 Mood - Imperative

The imperative mood corresponds to the English imperative, and
expresses a command to the hearer to perform a certain action
by the order and authority of the one commanding. Thus,
Jesus' phrase, "Repent ye, and believe the gospel" #Mr 1:15
is not at all an "invitation," but an absolute command
requiring full obedience on the part of all hearers.

05795

5795 Mood - Infinitive

The Greek infinitive mood in most cases corresponds to the
English infinitive, which is basically the verb with "to"
prefixed, as "to believe."

Like the English infinitive, the Greek infinitive can be used
like a noun phrase ("It is better to live than to die"), as
well as to reflect purpose or result ("This was done to
fulfil what the prophet said").

05796

5796 Mood - Participle

The Greek participle corresponds for the most part to the
English participle, reflecting "-ing" or "-ed" being suffixed
to the basic verb form. The participle can be used either
like a verb or a noun, as in English, and thus is often termed
a "verbal noun."

05797

5797 Mood - Impersonal

The impersonal mood is used only in a few verb forms which do
not conjugate in the full sense. The most common of these is
the Greek word "dei," which is most often rendered "it is
necessary" or "one must."

05798

5798 Mood - Imperative-Sense Participle

This reflects a Greek participle which implies that a command
to perform the action is implicit, even though it is not
outwardly or directly expressed.

05799

5799 No Tense or Voice Stated

In a number of places certain verbs are cited in Perschbacher's
"The New Analytical Greek Lexicon" which do not have any tense
or voice directly stated.

In almost all of these cases, one can assume that the tense is
Present and the voice is Active, especially when the sense is
that of a command (Imperative).

See "Present" 5774
See "Active" 5784