R: Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions (original) (raw)

MathFun {base} R Documentation

Description

abs(x) computes the absolute value of x, sqrt(x) computes the (principal) square root of x, \sqrt{x}.

The naming follows the standard for computer languages such as C or Fortran.

Usage

abs(x)
sqrt(x)

Arguments

x a numeric or complex vector or array.

Details

These are internal generic primitive functions: methods can be defined for them individually or via the[Math](../../base/help/S3groupGeneric.html) group generic. For complex arguments (and the default method), z, abs(z) ==[Mod](../../base/help/Mod.html)(z) and sqrt(z) == z^0.5.

abs(x) returns an [integer](../../base/help/integer.html) vector when x isinteger or [logical](../../base/help/logical.html).

S4 methods

Both are S4 generic and members of the[Math](../../methods/html/S4groupGeneric.html) group generic.

References

Becker, R. A., Chambers, J. M. and Wilks, A. R. (1988)The New S Language. Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole.

See Also

[Arithmetic](../../base/help/Arithmetic.html) for simple, [log](../../base/help/log.html) for logarithmic,[sin](../../base/help/sin.html) for trigonometric, and [Special](../../base/help/Special.html) for special mathematical functions.

plotmath’ for the use of sqrt in plot annotation.

Examples

require(stats) # for spline
require(graphics)
xx <- -9:9
plot(xx, sqrt(abs(xx)),  col = "red")
lines(spline(xx, sqrt(abs(xx)), n=101), col = "pink")

[Package _base_ version 4.6.0 Index]