Convoy SC 42 - warsailors.com (original) (raw)
Convoy SC 42 Cruising Order
Departed Sydney, Cape Breton on Aug. 30-1941 and arrived Liverpool on Sept. 15 (Arnold Hague's "The Allied Convoy System" gives 65 ships)
The list of names and info on cargoes were sent to me by Ken Dunn, a visitor to my website; his source:
"Attack & Sink - The Battle of the Atlantic Summer 1941" by Bernard Edwards (1998 - ISBN: 1-883283-34-5). I have since purchased this book, and it's very well written.
The details on ships sunk and number of dead were added with the help of "The Allied Convoy System" by Arnold Hague.
Br=British (Ca=Canadian), Du=Dutch, Norw=Norwegian, Gr=Greek, Pol=Polish
s=sunk, dam=damaged, †=dead.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
11
Baron Pentland
lumber
s - 2†
(Br)
21
Trefusis
general - grain
(Br)
31
Empire Springbuck
phosphates
s
(Br)
41
Thistleglen
steel - pig iron
s - 3†
(Br)
51
Dundrum Castle
steel
(Br)
61
Sarthe
general
(Br)
71
Everleigh
pig iron - scrap
(Br)
81
Gypsum Queen
sulphur
s - 10†
(Br)
91
Empire Panther
general - mail
(Br)
101
Kheti
general
(Br)
111
Stonepoolgeneral
s - 42†
(Br)
121
Sally Maersk
grain
s - 0†
(Da / MoWT 1940)
22
Regin
lumber
(Norw)
32
Jedmoor
iron ore
s - 31†
(Br)
42
Titus
phosphates
(Du)
52
Caduceus
steel - pig iron
(Br)
72
Gullpool
sugar
(Br)
82
Peterton
sugar
(Br)
See note below
92
Nailsea Meadow
general
(Br)
102
Lancing
whale oil
(Norw)
112
Mount Taygetus
general
(Gr)
122
Arosa
lumber
(Norw)
13
Bretwalda
flour
(Br)
33
Campus
steel - lumber
(Br)
43
Scania
lumber
s - 0†
(Sw)
53
Waziristan
wheat
(Br)
63
Atland
phosphates
(Sw)
73
Yearby
phosphates
(Br)
83
Miguel de Larrinaga
phosphates
(Br)
93
Tahchee
fuel - diesel
dam
(Br)
103
Bulysses
gas oil
s - 4†
(Br)
113
Storaas
fuel oil
(Norw)
123
Michalis
wheat
(Gr)
14
Vestland
lumber
(Norw)
24
Garm
lumber
s - 6†
(Sw)
34
Maplewood
steel - lumber
(Br)
44
Empire Crossbill
steel
s - 49†
(Br)
54
Kingsbury
grain
(Br)
64
Trompenberg
phosphates
(Du)
74
Southgate
lumber - steel
(Br)
84
Zypenberg
phosphates
(Du)
94
Rio Blanco
sugar
(Br)
104
Randa*
general
(Ca)
114
Agia Vervana
general
(Gr)
See note below
124
Wigry
general
(Pol)
15
Baron Ramsay
steel - lumber
(Br)
25
Winterswijk
phosphates
s - 20†
(Du)
35
Nicolas Piancos
steel - lumber
(Gr)
See note below
45
Empire Hudson
grain
s - 4†
(Br)
55
Askeladden
pulpwood
(Norw)
65
Mariston
general
(Br)
75
MacGregor
phosphatets
(Br)
85
tug Barwick
(towing C. H. Spedden)
(Br)
95
Muneric
iron ore
s - 63†
(Br)
105
Gunvor Maersk
paper
(Da / MoWT)
115
Berury
general
s - 1†
(Br)
125
tug Bascobel
(Br)
towing Socony VIII
See note below
16
26
Bestumpulpwood
(Norw)
See note below
36
Hampton Lodge
iron ore
(Br)
See note below
46
56
Joannis
iron ore
(Gr)
See note below
66
Lorient
iron ore
(Br)
See note below
76
Knoll
lumber
(Norw)
See note below
86
PLM 13
iron ore
(Br)
See note below
96
106
Wisla
general
(Pol)
116
126
The ship in station 114 should probably be Agia (or Aghia?) Varvara. Similarly, the ship in station 35 is probably a mis-spelling of Nicolaos Piangos.
When comparing the above information with Arnold Hague's listing for Convoy SC 42 at ships in all SC convoys, we find that he says the following:
Bestum, Hampton Lodge, Joannis, Lorient and PLM 13 joined from Wabana.
Eildon, Ronan (both British), Knoll and Kul joined from Iceland (Eildon, Ronan and Kul are not mentioned in the table above). Additionally, he has included HMS Oderin (MMS danlayer) among those joining from Iceland. Note, however, that according to her voyage record for this period, Knoll sailed from Sydney, C.B. on Aug. 30.
Also, he says the ship in station 82 was Peterston of 4680 gt (rather than Peterton of 5221 gt) and that Bascobel returned to port.
The rescue ship Toward was with this convoy from Sept. 13 till Sept. 19-1941 (to Clyde). She had started out with Convoy ON 13 from Clyde until detached to Iceland, Sept. 5-Sept. 8, and was on her 13th voyage as rescue vessel, having been requisitioned as such in Dec.-1940. ("Convoy Rescue Ships 1940-1945", Arnold Hague).
Misc. Notes:
*Jürgen Rohwer also has the ex Danish Randa (Canadian Gov. 1940-1945) as a possible U-boat victim, but this ship returned to Sydney on Aug. 31 and later joined Convoy SC 43. This ship actually survived the war. In fact, she also shows up in Convoy SC 65.
* Sjømennenes Minnehall's website (Seamen's Memorial in Stavern, Norway) places Måkefjell in Newcastle on Sept. 2-1941, saying the cook (external link) was killed during an air raid there on that date. Convoy SC 42 did not arrive Liverpool until Sept. 15. I believe Minnehallen has the wrong date.
The Battle:
The following text is a brief summary of what can be found in the Norwegian book "Nortraships flåte" with regard to this convoy (some of this disagrees with Uboat.net's account, link below):
The convoy passed Cape Farewell, Greenland on Sept. 7. Being aware the convoy was being shadowed the Admiralty ordered it even further north, closer to the east coast of Greenland. It seemed like it had managed to shake off its followers, but on Sept 9 a ship that had lagged somewhat behind reported having sighted a periscope and the wake of a torpedo, so the convoy changed course from N to NE. At about 21:30 that same eveing U-432 (Schultze) unleashed several torpedoes, 2 British ships went down, then several more U-boats joined the attack. Another 2 ships were torpedoed, one of which sank. In the early morning hours the attacks continued, a Dutch and a Danish ship went down, then the Norwegian D/S Stargard was hit by U-432; D/S Regin rescued 9 of her survivors. The convoy continued while 14 U-boats followed. Another British ship went down. By this time the escort had been reduced because one of the corvettes had taken a torpedoed tanker in tow for Iceland. 2 Canadian corvettes, en route to reinforce the escort, sank U-501 with all men, and this took place so far away from the convoy that they couldn't assist when the battle started in earnest.
"Nortraships flåte" adds that by Sept. 11, 16 ships had been sunk, 1 was damaged, and the Norwegian Bestum was missing, but it later turned out she had become a straggler and had reached Iceland safely.
The captain of D/S Vestland reported that when the British Gypsum Queen was torpedoed on Sept. 11 he didn't have the heart to ignore the men in the sea crying for help, and against orders he stopped and rescued 26, but 10 died. 2 independent attacks took place on the 16th and 19th (1 ship damaged, another sunk) but at this time the main force of the U-boat group was concentrating on a new eastbound convoy, SC 44 (M/T Barbro and D/S Carrier were in that convoy - will be added to my Convoys section).
Ship losses according to Jürgen Rohwer (all times are German - again, see also the external link at the end of this page for further details on each attack):
U-81 sank the straggling Empire Springbuck at 06:55 on Sept. 9, then U-85 attacked the British Jedmoor at 13:59 but she was not hit.
U-432 sank the British Muneric at 02:30 on Sept. 10. The next torpedoes came from U-652 which damaged the British Tahchee at 04:52 on Sept. 10 (towed to Reykjavik by HMCS Orillia), and the British Baron Pentland at 04:53, followed at 07:08 by the sinking of the Dutch Winterswijk and 1 minute later the Norwegian Stargard (see link above), both by U-432 - Rohwer says there are some discrepancies in the times of the torpedoing of the latter 2. "Nortraships flåte" has about 20 mins between these attacks. The Danish ship mentioned by "Nortraships flåte" above was Sally Maersk (under British control), sunk at 07:53 Sept. 10 by U-81, followed by the British Empire Hudson at 09:57 by U-82, then the British Thistleglen that afternoon at 16:40 by U-85.
Rohwer lists the British Bulysses as sunk at 01:51 on Sept. 11 by U-82, which also sank Gypsum Queen at 02:12. The Swedish Garm was sunk at 04:06 by U-432, survivors rescued by Bestum -link above. (A. Hague has U-482 as the culprit for the loss of Garm - this might be a simple misprint; U-482 was not commissioned until Dec.-1943, according to Uboat.net's page about U-482 - external link).
Rohwer lists Bestum as damaged by U-433 (Ey) at 04:08 on Sept. 11, position 63N 37W. This appears to be incorrect if the info given my "Nortraships flåte" is right (see above). This is confirmed to a certain extent by what Jan-Olof, Sweden has told me about Garm. He says she was on a voyage from Sydney N. S. for Kings Lynn at the time - position for her sinking is given as 63 02N 37 51W. Shortly after having been torpedoed her survivors were rescued from their lifeboats by Bestum and taken to Reykjavik three days later, so if Bestum was indeed damaged, it could not have been serious.
Rohwer now lists the British Stonepool and Berury and the Canadian (ex Danish) Randa as the next victims, adding in a footnote "There are no attack reports for this time. The attacking U-boat must have been U-207, which was sunk a few hours later by the escort. The Randa was reported lost by SOE in position 113 (the other two ships were in stations 111 and 112). However, it is probable that the Randa became a straggler after staying behind to rescue survivors". As mentioned further up on this page, Randa was not even in this convoy at that time. She had returned to port and survived the war with no damages. Arnold Hague gives the cargo for Stonepool as 7000 tons grain, 528 tons oats and MT.
Rohwer then says the Swedish Scania was damaged at 07:05 (still 11th) by U-82 which sank the British Empire Crossbill at the same time. Scania was sunk later by 2 torpedoes from U-202 at 13:32.
No more ships appear to have been sunk until Sept. 16 at 23:11 when the British Jedmoor received a torpedo from U-98. The drifting, abandoned Baron Pentland was finally sent to the bottom by U-372 at 14:33 on Sept. 19.
Escorts:
HMCS Skeena, Kenogami, Alberni and Orillia.
Wetaskiwin, Mimosa, Gladiolus, Buttermere (from HX 147), Douglas, Veteran, Leamington, Saladin and Skate (from Convoy ON 13).
A. Hague names the following escorts (extracted from this list of SC convoy escorts, based on Arnold Hague's database, received from D. Kindell; dates are European style, day/month/year):
Alberni - From 02/09/41 to 13/09/41
Arvida - From 30/08/41 to 02/09/41
Barrie - From 30/08/41 to 02/09/41
Belmont - 12/09/41
Buttermere - From 10/09/41 to 16/09/41 (from HX 147)
Chambly - From 10/09/41 to 17/09/41
Columbia - From 12/09/41 to 16/09/41
Douglas - From 11/09/41 to 20/09/41 (from ON 13)
FS Lobelia - From 16/09/41 to 19/09/41
FS Mimosa - From 10/09/41 to 16/09/41 (from HX 147)
FS Renoncule - From 16/09/41 to 19/09/41
Gladiolus - From 10/09/41 to 16/09/41 (from HX 147)
Kenogami - From 02/09/41 to 13/09/41
Leamington - From 11/09/41 to 18/09/41 (from ON 13)
Moose Jaw - From 10/09/41 to 17/09/41
Napanee - From 30/08/41 to 02/09/41
Narcissus - From 16/09/41 to 20/09/41
Orillia - From 02/09/41 to 09/09/41
Saladin - From 11/09/41 to 17/09/41 (from ON 13)
Salisbury - From 16/09/41 to 20/09/41
Skate - From 12/09/41 to 18/09/41 (from ON 13)
Skeena - From 02/09/41 to 17/09/41
St. Croix - From 12/09/41 to 17/09/41
USS Charles F. Hughes - From 14/09/41 to 14/09/41
USS Russell - From 14/09/41 to 14/09/41
USS Sims - From 14/09/41 to 14/09/41
Veteran - From 11/09/41 to 18/09/41 (from ON 13)
Wetaskiwin - From 10/09/41 to 16/09/41 (from HX 147)
Windermere - From 11/09/41 to 16/09/41
Will be added: SC 43 through SC 47
To the next SC convoy in my list SC 48