Chronographeion Syntomon (original) (raw)

Chronographeion Syntomon (Short Chronicle)

- Pages 65-67, 90-97, 100

This Byzantine compilation of chronological tables was probably written in about 870 A.D. The references in red are to the pages in Schoene's edition (Eusebius, Appendix IV).

The era of the creation is used by most Byzantine chronicles to express fixed dates; according to their usual reckoning, the creation of the world occurred in 5508 B.C. The dates in this chronicle are rarely exactly correct, but the equivalent years B.C. or A.D. are shown here in green, as an approximate guide to the true date.

Contents:

• (65) How often and when were the people of Israel captured?
• (90) The kingdom of the Macedonians
• (91) The kingdom of the Ptolemaei in Egypt
• (92) The "fourth realm" - the kingdom of Syria
• (92) The kingdoms of the Lydians and Babylonians
• (93) The [old] kingdom of the Persians
• (94) The kingdoms of Judah and Israel
• (95) The high priests and kings of the Jews
• (96) The new kingdom of the Persians
• (97) The kings of the Saracens
• (100) The kingdom of the Egyptians

[65] How often and when were the people of Israel captured?

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• 6. In the time of Nero, the emperor of the Romans.
• 7. In the time of Vespasianus, the Roman general.
• 8. In the time of Ptolemy the son of Lagus, who captured Jerusalem by trickery and took the population back to Egypt.
• 9. In the time of Antiochus Epiphanes, the king of the Assyrians, who forced them into idolatry.
• 10. In the time of Pompeius the Roman general, who besieged [Jerusalem] and made the Jews pay tribute, when Hyrcanus was king and high priest. The kingdom of Israel came to an end with this Hyrcanus, and the Romans granted the title of king to Herodes, a foreigner.

- - - - -

Another account of the captures of Jerusalem:

A description drawn from the Jewish Antiquities of Josephus, and from the chronicles of Hippolytus the bishop of Rome, [66] and from the [book of] Strategius the monk about the captures of Jerusalem. When and how often were the people of Israel captured?

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[67] The seventh capture happened in the time of Ptolemy the son of Lagus. He captured Jerusalem by trickery and took the population back to Egypt.

The eighth capture happened in the time of Antiochus Epiphanes, the king of Syria, who forced them to worship idols.

The ninth capture happened in the time of Pompeius the Roman emperor. He besieged Jerusalem and made the Jews pay tribute, when Hyrcanus was king and high priest. The kings and high priests of Israel came to and end with this [Hyrcanus], and Augustus the emperor of the Romans granted the title of king to Herodes, a foreigner, whose reign lasted until the coming of Christ.

The tenth capture happened in the time of Nero, the emperor of the Romans, when Jerusalem was captured by the general Sabinus and by Cassius, governor of Syria.

- - - - -

[86] 5. The kingdom of the Sicyonians:

It lasted for 759 years, starting from the year of creation 3264 { 1744 B.C. }; the first king of the Sicyonians started to rule in the 78th year of Nachor.

1. Aegialeus for 52 years
2. Erops for 45 years
3. Telchin for 20 years
4. Apis for 25 years
5. Thelxion for 52 years
6. Aegydrus for 34 years
7. Thurimachus for 40 years
8. Leucippus for 53 years
9. Mesapus for 47 years
10. Aratus for 49 years
11. Plemmeus for 48 years
12. Orthopolis for 63 years
13. Marathius for 30 years
14. Marathus for 20 years
15. Chytreus for 58 years
16. Corax for 30 years
17. Epopous for 32 years
18. Laomedon for 36 years
19. Sicyon for 44 years
20. Polybus for 45 years
21. Inachus for 42 years
22. Phaestus for 8 years
23. Adrastus for 4 years
24. Polyphides for 29 years
25. Pelasgus for 16 years
26. Zeuxippus for 30 years

[In total] 4,023 years { 985 B.C. }.

- - - - -

[90] 14. The kingdom of the Macedonians:

It lasted for 493 years, starting from the 28th year of king Uzziah; the first of the kings started to rule in the year of creation 4,694 { 814 B.C. }.

1. Cranaus for 28 years
2. Coenus for 12 years
3. Tyrimias for 38 years
4. Perdiccas for 51 years
5. Argus for 38 years
6. Philippus for 39 years
7. Aeropus for 25 years
8. Alcetas for 22 years
9. Amyntas for 50 years
10. Alexander for 43 years
11. Perdiccas for 28 years
12. Archelaus for 24 years
13. Orestes for 3 years
14. Archelaus for 4 years
15. Amyntas for 1 year
16. Pausanias for 1 year
17. another Amyntas for 6 years
18. another Amyntas for 18 years
19. Alexander for 1 year
20. Ptolemy for 4 years
21. Perdiccas for 6 years
22. Philippus for 27 years
23. Alexander for 12 years

[In total] 5,183 years { 325 B.C. }.

After the death of Alexander, his empire was divided, according to his testament and the prediction of the prophet Daniel, into the four realms of heaven, as is described below.

15. The [first] realm of Alexander:

1. Philippus the son of Alexander for 7 years
2. Cassander for 19 years
3. The sons of Cassander for 4 years
4. Demetrius for 6 years
5. Lysimachus for 6 years
6. Ptolemy Ceraunus for 1 year
7. Sosthenes for 2 years
8. Antigonus for 15 years
9. Demetrius for 10 years
10. [91] Antigonus for 15 years
11. Philippus for 42 years
12. Perseus for 10 years

The kingdom of the Macedonians came to an end in the 2nd year of the high priest Mattathias, after lasting for 158 years.

16. The second realm of Alexander - the kingdom of the Ptolemaei in Egypt:

This kingdom lasted for 245 years, starting from the 2nd year of the high priest Onias.

1. Ptolemy the son of Lagus for 40 years
2. Ptolemy Alexander for 38 years
3. Ptolemy Alexas for 25 years
4. Ptolemy Philopator for 17 years
5. Ptolemy Epiphanes for 24 years
6. Ptolemy Philometor for 35 years
7. Ptolemy Euergetes for 29 years
8. Ptolemy Phuscon for 17 years
9. Ptolemy Alexander for 10 years
10. Ptolemy the exile for 8 years
11. Ptolemy Dionysus for 30 years
12. Cleopatra the daughter of Dionysus for 22 years

In the year of creation 5,429 { 79 B.C. }, which was the 17th year of the high priest Jannaeus, the kingdom of the Ptolemaei was conquered by the Romans, when Augustus the emperor of the Romans captured Cleopatra.

17. The third realm of Alexander of Macedonia:

It ruled over all of Asia, starting from the year of creation 5,190 { 318 B.C. }, which was the 2nd year of the high priest Onias.

1. Antigonus for 18 years
2. Demetrius for 17 years

Demetrius the king of Asia surrendered to Seleucus.

18. The fourth realm of Alexander's kingdom:

It lasted for 213 years, starting from the year of creation 5,197 { 311 B.C. }.

1. Seleucus for 32 years
2. Antigonus for 20 years
3. Antiochus for 13 years
4. Seleucus for 21 years
5. Seleucus for 3 years
6. Antiochus for 37 years
7. [92] Seleucus for 11 years
8. Antiochus Epiphanes for 11 years
9. Antiochus Eupator for 2 years
10. Demetrius for 12 years
11. Alexander for 10 years
12. Demetrius for 3 years
13. Antiochus son of Alexander for 9 years
14. Demetrius for 4 years
15. Antiochus Grypus for 12 years
16. Antiochus Cyzicenus for 19 years
17. Philippus for 1 year

The kingdom of Syria came under the control of the Ptolemaei, in [the year of creation] 5,410 { 98 B.C. }, which was the 7th year of king Alexander.

19. The kingdom of the Lydians:

It lasted for 233 years, starting from the year of creation 4,730 { 778 B.C. }, which was the 11th year of Jotham.

1. Ardoys for 36 years
2. Alyattes for 14 years
3. Meles for 12 years
4. Candaules for 17 years
5. Gyges for 36 years
6. Ardys for 38 years
7. Sadyattes for 15 years
8. Alyattes for 49 years
9. Croesus for 16 years

The kingdom of the Lydians was conquered by the Persians in [the year of creation] 4,960 { 548 B.C. }, which was the 15th year of Cyrus, the king of the Persians.

20. The kingdom of the Babylonians:

It lasted for 175 years, starting from the year of creation 4,745 { 763 B.C. }, which was the 11th year of Ahaz the king of Judah.

1. Baladam for 19 years
2. Marathius son of Baladam for 31 years
3. Moges for 20 years
4. Nabondinus for 36 years
5. Nabupallasar for 20 years
6. Nabuchodonosor for 44 years
7. Marodac for 2 years
8. Baltasar for 4 years

The kingdom of the Babylonians was conquered by the Persians in [the year of creation] 4,920 { 588 B.C. }, which was the 44th year of the captivity of Israel, and the 16th year of Dareius, the king of the Persians.

21. The kingdom of the Persians:

It lasted for 229 years, starting from the year of creation 4,948 { 560 B.C. }, which was the [..] year of the captivity of Israel.

1. [93] Cyrus for 32 years
2. Cambyses for 8 years
3. Smerdis the magus for 1 year
4. Dareius for 36 years
   In his reign, the high priests began to rule the Jews
5. Xerxes the great for 21 years
6. Asthas for 40 years
7. Ochus for 20 years
8. Arses son of Ochus for 4 years

[Lastly,] Dareius who was defeated by Alexander.

The kingdom of the Persians was conquered by the Macedonians in [the year of creation] 5,177 { 331 B.C. }.

[94] 22. The kingdom of the Jews [Judah]:

It lasted for 515 years, starting from the year of creation 4,375 { 1133 B.C. }.

1. Samuel the priest with Saul for 40 years
2. David for 40 years
3. Solomon for 40 years
4. Rehoboam for 17 years
5. Abijah for 3 years
6. Asaph for 41 years
7. Jehoshaphat for 25 years
8. Jehoram for 8 years
9. Ahaziah for 1 year
10. Athaliah mother of Ahaziah for 7 years
11. Joash for 40 years
12. Amaziah for 9 years
13. Uzziah for 52 years
14. Jotham for 16 years
15. Ahaz for 16 years
16. Hezekiah for 29 years
17. Manasseh for 56 years
18. Amon for 2 years
19. Josiah for 31 years
20. Ahaz [Jehoahaz] for 1 year
21. Jehoiakim for 11 years
22. Jehoiachin for 1 year
23. Zedekiah for 11 years

The kingdom of the Jews was conquered by the Babylonians in [the year of creation] 4,890 { 618 B.C. }.

23. The kingdom of Israel:

From the time of Jeroboam, when the kingdom [of the Jews] was split into two, these kings ruled Israel for a total of 243 years, starting from the year of creation 4,496 { 1012 B.C. }.

1. Jeroboam for 22 years
2. Nadab for 2 years
3. Baasha for 24 years
4. Elah for 2 years
5. Omri for 14 years
6. Ahab for 52 years
   In his reign, the son of Ader [Ben-Hadad], king of Damascus, attacked Samaria with 36 other kings, but was defeated by Ahab, king of Israel, and fled.
7. Ahaziah for 2 years
8. Joram for 12 years
9. [95] Jehu for 28 years
10. Jehoahaz for 17 years
11. Jehoash for 16 years
12. Jeroboam for 41 years
13. Zechariah and Shallum for 1 year
14. Menahem for 12 years
15. Pekahiah for 2 years
16. Pekah for 20 years
17. Hoshea for 9 years

The kingdom of Israel was conquered by the Assyrians in [the year of creation] 4,739 { 769 B.C. }, when Ahaz was king of Judah.

24. The high priests of the Jews:

The high priests ruled for [483] years until the Christ, starting in the year of creation 4,997 { 511 B.C. }, which was the 9th year of Dareius the king of the Persians, 50 years after the return of the Jews.

1. Jesus son of Josedec for 30 years
2. Jacob for 30 years
3. Elias for 40 years
4. Jodae for 36 years
5. John for 32 years
6. Jaddus for 18 years
7. Onias for 21 years
8. Simon for 11 years
9. Eleazar for 32 years
10. Manasses for 26 years
11. Simon for 23 years
12. Onias for 25 years
13. another Onias for 19 years
14. Mattathias for 3 years
15. Judas Maccabaeus for 13 years
16. Jonathan for 9 years
17. Simon for 22 years
18. Hyrcanus for 26 years
19. Aristobulus for 1 year
20. Jannaeus for 34 years

[In total] 5,480 years { 28 B.C. }.

25. The gentile kings of the Jews

After the high priests came to an end with Hyrcanus, Herodes the son of Antipater was appointed by Augustus Caesar to be the first gentile king of Judaea; he reigned for 26 years. In the 23rd year of Herodes, which was the 42nd year of Augustus, Christ our lord and god was born.

1. Archelaus the son of Herodes for 9 years
2. Herodes the tetrach, the brother of Herodes for 26 years
3. [96] Agrippa the elder for 4 years
4. Agrippa the younger for 25 years Then the kingdom of Judaea came to an end. [It lasted] for 95 years; in total, 5,570 years { 63 A.D. }.

26. The new kingdom of the Persians:

The Magusaean dynasty, which flourished after the time of Christ, starting from the year of creation 5,733 { 226 A.D. }, which was the first year of Alexander, son of Mamaea.

1. Artaxaris { Ardashir I } for 15 years
2. Maguses { Shapur I } for 31 years
3. Ormisdas { Hormizd I } for 1 year
4. Vararanes { Bahram I } for 3 years
5. Vararanes { Bahram II } for 7 years
6. Vararanes { Bahram III } for 1 year
7. Narses for 18 years
8. Ormisdates { Hormizd II } for 6 years
9. Sabor { Shapur II } for 7 years
10. Artaxes { Ardashir II } for 4 years
11. Sabor son of Artaxes { Shapur III } for 5 years
12. Vararanes { Bahram IV } for 11 years
13. Isdegerdes { Yazdegerd I } for 21 years
14. another Vararanes { Bahram V } for 20 years
15. another Isdegerdes { Yazdegerd II } for 17 years
16. Perozes { Peroz } for 24 years
17. Valas { Balash } for 4 years
18. Coades { Kavadh I } for 11 years
19. Zamasphes son of Perozes { Jamasp } for 4 years
20. Coades again for 30 years
21. Chosdroes son of Coades { Chosroes I } for 48 years
22. Ormisdas { Hormizd IV } for 15 years
23. Chosdroes the great { Chosroes II } for 39 years
24. Seroes with his son Artaxes { Kavadh II & Ardashir III } for 1 year
25. Sarbarus { Shahrbaraz } for 1 year
26. Borane daughter of Chosdroes { Boran } for 1 year

The kingdom of the Persians was transferred to the Saracens in the year of creation 6,131 { 624 A.D. }; and the rule of the Saracens began in the 13th year of Heracleius.

27. The kings of the Saracens:

1. Beginning with Muameth { Mohammed } for 9 years
2. Abubacharus { Abu Bakr } for 3 years
3. Umar { Omar I } for 12 years
4. Uthman { Othman } for 10 years
5. [97] anarchy and war for 4 years
6. Mabias { Mu'awiya } for 19 years
7. Hezit { Yazid I } for 3 years
8. Marva { Marwan I } for 1 year
9. Abdemelech { Abd-al-Malik } for 21 years
10. Iulit { Al-Walid I } for 10 years
11. Suleiman for 3 years
12. Umar { Omar II } for 2 years
13. Izith { Yazid II } for 3 years
14. Isan { Hisham } for 19 years
15. Ulit { Al-Walid II } for 1 year
16. Izitolipsus { Yazid III } for 1 year
17. Marva { Marwan II } for 6 years
18. Abulabas { Abu'l-Abbas } for 4 years
19. Abugiaphar { Abu Ja'far } for 21 years
20. Maadi his son { Al-Mahdi } for 10 years
21. Muse his son { Musa al-Hadi } for 1 year
22. Aaron his brother { Harun al-Rashid } for 20 years
23. anarchy and war against their sons for 7 years
    up until the 11th year of the current indiction { (?) 818 A.D. }

Now god will cut down the years of their rule, and will raise up the horn of the kingdom of the Christians against them.

{ The chronicle continues with some more lists of rulers, extracted from the writings of Epiphanius, archbishop of Constantia in Cyprus. }

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[100] The kingdom of the Egyptians:

1. Then, Alexander of Macedonia ruled for 12 years
2. Ptolemy son of Lagus for 40 years
3. Ptolemy Philadelphus for 27 years
4. Ptolemy Euergetes for 24 years
5. Ptolemy Philopator for 21 years
6. Ptolemy Epiphanes for 22 years
7. Ptolemy Philometor for 34 years
8. Ptolemy Euergetes for 29 years
9. Ptolemy Soter for 15 years
10. Ptolemy Alexander for 12 years
11. Ptolemy Philippus for 8 years
12. Ptolemy Dionysus for 30 years
13. Cleopatra for 22 years

In total, the Macedonians ruled for 292 years, from Alexander until Cleopatra.

Then Augustus was emperor at Rome, and killed Cleopatra in the [38th] year of his reign. Augustus reigned for another 4 years after the death of Cleopatra. The total number of years from Adam until here is 5,500. And this was when the ever-present, the saviour of all and the expectation of the nations, our lord Jesus Christ the consubstantial son of God, came to earth in the 42nd year of Augustus. After this, Augustus reigned for another 15 years.

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