Demographics of Malaysia (original) (raw)

Malaysia's population of 24.5 million (2002) (of which ca. 5 mln in East Malaysia) continues to grow at a rate of 2.4% per annum; about 34% of the population is under the age of 15. Malaysia's population comprises many ethnic groups, with the politically dominant Malayss comprising a plurality. By constitutional definition, all Malays are Muslim. About a quarter of the population is Chinese who have historically played an important role in trade and business.

The largest ethnic group is the Malays. These people, combined with indigenous people (who are concentrated in Sabah and Sarawak, see below, are denoted 'bumiputra'. Based on 2000 census figures, the ethnic composition of Malaysia was:

About 85% of the Indian community is Tamil.

Non-Malay indigenous groups make up more than half of Sarawak's population and about 66% of Sabah's. They are divided into dozens of ethnic groups, but they share some general patterns of living and culture. Until the 20th century, most practiced traditional beliefs, but many have become Christian or Muslim. The "other" category includes Malaysians of, inter alia, European and Middle Eastern descent. Population distribution is uneven, with some 15 million residents concentrated in the lowlands of Peninsular Malaysia, an area slightly smaller than the State of Michigan.

**Population:**21,793,293 (July 2000 est.)

Age structure:
_0-14 years:_35% (male 3,914,112; female 3,697,731)
_15-64 years:_61% (male 6,655,506; female 6,642,073)
_65 years and over:_4% (male 386,387; female 497,484) (2000 est.)

**Population growth rate:**2.01% (2000 est.)

**Birth rate:**25.3 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)

**Death rate:**5.25 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)

**Net migration rate:**0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
_note:_does not reflect net flow of an unknown number of illegal immigrants from other countries in the region

Sex ratio:
_at birth:_1.06 male(s)/female
_under 15 years:_1.06 male(s)/female
_15-64 years:_1 male(s)/female
_65 years and over:_0.78 male(s)/female
_total population:_1.01 male(s)/female (2000 est.)

**Infant mortality rate:**20.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
_total population:_70.83 years
_male:_70.4 years (2002 est)
_female:_75.3 years (2002 est.)

**Total fertility rate:**3.29 children born/woman (2000 est.)

Nationality:
_noun:_Malaysian(s)
_adjective:_Malaysian

**Ethnic groups:**Malay and other indigenous 58%, Chinese 26%, Indian 7%, others 9%

**Religions:**Islam, Buddhism, Daoism, Hinduism, Christianity, Sikhism; note - in addition, Shamanism is practiced in East Malaysia

Languages: Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese Chinese, Mandarin Chinese, Hokkien, Hakka, Teochew, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Punjabi, Thai; note - in addition, in East Malaysia several indigenous languages are spoken, the largest of which are Iban and Kadazan. Officially, the English spoken is based on British English. However, English as spoken in Malaysia is diverging, and is locally called Manglish. Manglish has some similarities with Singlish, the English spoken in Singapore.

Literacy:
_definition:_age 15 and over can read and write
_total population:_83.5%
_male:_89.1%
_female:_78.1% (1995 est.)

See also : Malaysia