Galicia (Central Europe) (original) (raw)
Galicia or city of Halicz, one of the component regions of Medieval Red Ruthenia (or Rus), consisted of the area just north of the Carpathians to the east of Little Poland. Some historians say that its name recalls its ancient inhabitants, eastern Gauls, who also left their names imprinted on the landscape in Anatolian Galatia and in the Romanian county Galati. First mentioned in 981, when ruler of Kijevian Ruthenia took over Red Cities in his military trip towards Poland. In the following century the area shifted to Poland and back to Ruthenia. Galicia comprised an autonomous principality from 1087 to 1253, and a vassal kingdom of the Mongol Golden Horde from 1253 to 1340, when King Casimir III of Poland annexed it to his realm. Between 1372 and 1387 belonged to Hungary.
Thereafter Galicia comprised a Polish Ruthenian Voivodship (wojew�dztwo ruskie Voivodship ) until 1772, when it became the largest part of the area annexed by Austria in the First Partition.
As such, the Austrian region of Poland was known as the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria to underline the Hungarian claims to the country. However, the big chunk of Little Poland was also added to the province. Lemberg served as the capital of Austrian Galicia, which was wholly dominated by the Polish aristocracy, despite the fact that the population of the eastern half of the province consisted of East Slavs (Ruthenes or Ukrainians [distinguished in their religion from Ukrainians from Ukraine]), Jews and Poles. In 1846, the important Polish city of Cracow became part of the province following the Austrian suppression of that independent republic. From 1868, Galicia was an autonomus province of Austria-Hungary with Polish as an official language.
In 1918, Western Galicia became a part of the restored Republic of Poland, while Ukrainian nationalists briefly declared the independence of Eastern Galicia as the "Western Ukrainian Republic". Their attempt to capture the capital of Lemberg failed due to the resistance of its Polish residents. Though Poland sent assistance to break the siege, the city remained under siege for few more months. Eventually, the whole of the province was recaptured by Poles. Poland's annexation of Eastern Galicia was internationally recognized in 1923. After the Nazi-Soviet pact, Stalin annexed Eastern Galicia to the Soviet Republic of Ukraine. The old Austrian province remains divided today, with the western part Polish and the eastern Ukrainian.
Principal cities: Lviv (formerly Lvov, Lwow, Lemberg); Krakow, Przemysl
Population of the Western Galicia in 1931
- Krakow Voivodship 17,600 km2 2,300,100 people
Population of the Eastern Galicia in 1931
- Lwow Voivodship 28,400 km2 3,126,300 (44.9% Poles)
- Tarnopol Voivodship 16,500 km2 1,600,400 (49,3% Poles)
- Stanislawow Voivodship 16,900 km2 1,480,300 (22.4% Poles)
Data for Lwow Voivodship in the table differ from the data above. Probably in the table are shown data for Eastern part of the voivodship.
| Locality | Total | Polish | % | Ukrainian | % | Yiddish | % | Other | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Southeast Poland | 5,053,186 | 2,007,215 | 39.7% | 2,650,997 | 52.5% | 353,928 | 7.0% | 41,046 | .8% |
| Lwow Voivodship | |||||||||
| Bobrka | 97,124 | 30,762 | 31.7% | 60,444 | 62.2% | 5,533 | 5.7% | 385 | .4% |
| Dobromil | 93,970 | 35,945 | 38.3% | 52,463 | 55.8% | 4,997 | 5.3% | 565 | .6% |
| Drohobycz | 194,456 | 91,935 | 47.3% | 79,214 | 40.7% | 20,484 | 10.5% | 2,823 | 1.5% |
| Grodek Jagielonski | 85,007 | 33,228 | 39.1% | 47,812 | 56.2% | 2,975 | 3.5% | 992 | 1.2% |
| Jaworow | 86,762 | 26,938 | 31.0% | 55,868 | 64.4% | 3,044 | 3.5% | 912 | 1.1% |
| Lwow city | 312,231 | 198,212 | 63.5% | 35,137 | 11.3% | 75,316 | 24.1% | 3,566 | 1.1% |
| Lwow county | 142,800 | 80,712 | 56.5% | 58,395 | 40.9% | 1,569 | 1.1% | 2,124 | 1.5% |
| Mosciska | 89,460 | 49,989 | 55.9% | 37,196 | 41.6% | 2,164 | 2.4% | 111 | .1% |
| Rudki | 79,170 | 38,417 | 48.5% | 36,254 | 45.8% | 4,247 | 5.4% | 252 | .3% |
| Sambor | 133,814 | 56,818 | 42.5% | 68,222 | 51.0% | 7,794 | 5.8% | 980 | .7% |
| Zolkiew | 95,507 | 35,816 | 37.5% | 56,060 | 58.7% | 3,344 | 3.5% | 287 | .3% |
| Brzozow | 10,109 | 4,484 | 44.4% | 5,120 | 50.6% | 338 | 3.3% | 167 | 1.7% |
| Jaroslaw | 47,668 | 29,482 | 61.8% | 17,212 | 36.1% | 706 | 1.5% | 268 | .6% |
| Lesko | 60,120 | 17,837 | 29.7% | 34,457 | 57.3% | 6,960 | 11.6% | 866 | 1.4% |
| Lubaczow | 51,885 | 23,686 | 45.7% | 24,470 | 47.2% | 3,503 | 6.8% | 226 | .4% |
| Przemysl | 104,361 | 55,108 | 52.8% | 47,380 | 45.4% | 1,638 | 1.6% | 235 | .2% |
| Rawa Ruska | 107,594 | 23,063 | 21.4% | 72,638 | 67.5% | 10,325 | 9.6% | 1,568 | 1.5% |
| Sanok | 12,395 | 6,140 | 49.5% | 5,891 | 47.5% | 363 | 2.9% | 1 | .0% |
| Sokal | 55,677 | 21,681 | 38.9% | 30,867 | 55.4% | 2,826 | 5.1% | 303 | .5% |
| Turka | 112,385 | 25,673 | 22.8% | 78,884 | 70.2% | 7,492 | 6.7% | 336 | .3% |
| Totals | 1,972,495 | 885,926 | 44.9% | 903,984 | 45.8% | 165,618 | 8.4% | 16,967 | .9% |
| Tarnopol Voivodship | |||||||||
| Borszczow | 103,277 | 46,153 | 44.7% | 52,612 | 50.9% | 4,302 | 4.2% | 210 | .2% |
| Brody | 91,248 | 32,843 | 36.0% | 50,490 | 55.3% | 7,640 | 8.4% | 275 | .3% |
| Brzezany | 103,824 | 48,168 | 46.4% | 51,757 | 49.9% | 3,716 | 3.6% | 183 | .2% |
| Buczacz | 139,062 | 60,523 | 43.5% | 70,336 | 50.6% | 8,059 | 5.8% | 144 | .1% |
| Czortkow | 84,008 | 36,486 | 43.4% | 40,866 | 48.6% | 6,474 | 7.7% | 182 | .2% |
| Kamionka Strumilowa | 82,111 | 41,693 | 50.8% | 35,178 | 42.8% | 4,737 | 5.8% | 503 | .6% |
| Kopyczynce | 88,614 | 38,158 | 43.1% | 45,196 | 51.0% | 5,164 | 5.8% | 96 | .1% |
| Podhajce | 95,663 | 46,710 | 48.8% | 45,031 | 47.1% | 3,464 | 3.6% | 458 | .5% |
| Przemyslany | 89,908 | 52,269 | 58.1% | 32,777 | 36.5% | 4,445 | 4.9% | 417 | .5% |
| Radziechow | 69,313 | 25,427 | 36.7% | 39,970 | 57.7% | 3,277 | 4.7% | 639 | .9% |
| Skalat | 89,215 | 60,091 | 67.4% | 25,369 | 28.4% | 3,654 | 4.1% | 101 | .1% |
| Tarnopol | 142,220 | 93,874 | 66.0% | 42,374 | 29.8% | 5,836 | 4.1% | 136 | .1% |
| Trembowla | 84,321 | 50,178 | 59.5% | 30,868 | 36.6% | 3,173 | 3.8% | 102 | .1% |
| Zaleszczyki | 72,021 | 27,549 | 38.3% | 41,147 | 57.1% | 3,261 | 4.5% | 64 | .1% |
| Zbaraz | 65,579 | 32,740 | 49.9% | 29,609 | 45.2% | 3,142 | 4.8% | 88 | .1% |
| Zborow | 81,413 | 39,624 | 48.7% | 39,174 | 48.1% | 2,522 | 3.1% | 93 | .1% |
| Zloczow | 118,609 | 56,628 | 47.7% | 55,381 | 46.7% | 6,066 | 5.1% | 534 | .5% |
| Totals | 1,600,406 | 789,114 | 49.3% | 728,135 | 45.5% | 78,932 | 4.9% | 4,225 | .3% |
| Stanislawow Voivodship | |||||||||
| Dolina | 118,373 | 21,158 | 17.9% | 83,880 | 70.9% | 9,031 | 7.6% | 4,304 | 3.6% |
| Horodenka | 92,894 | 27,751 | 29.9% | 59,957 | 64.5% | 5,031 | 5.4% | 155 | .2% |
| Kalusz | 102,252 | 18,637 | 18.2% | 77,506 | 75.8% | 5,109 | 5.0% | 1,000 | 1.0% |
| Kolomyja | 176,000 | 52,006 | 29.5% | 110,533 | 62.8% | 11,191 | 6.4% | 2,270 | 1.3% |
| Kosow | 93,952 | 6,718 | 7.2% | 79,838 | 85.0% | 6,730 | 7.2% | 666 | .7% |
| Nadworna | 140,702 | 16,907 | 12.0% | 112,128 | 79.7% | 11,020 | 7.8% | 647 | .5% |
| Rohatyn | 127,252 | 36,152 | 28.4% | 84,875 | 66.7% | 6,111 | 4.8% | 114 | .1% |
| Stanislawow | 198,359 | 49,032 | 24.7% | 120,214 | 60.6% | 26,996 | 13.6% | 2,117 | 1.1% |
| Stryj | 152,631 | 25,186 | 16.5% | 106,183 | 69.6% | 15,413 | 10.1% | 5,849 | 3.8% |
| Sniatyn | 78,025 | 17,206 | 22.1% | 56,007 | 71.8% | 4,341 | 5.6% | 471 | .6% |
| Tlumacz | 116,028 | 44,958 | 38.7% | 66,659 | 57.5% | 3,677 | 3.2% | 734 | .6% |
| Zydaczow | 83,817 | 16,464 | 19.6% | 61,098 | 72.9% | 4,728 | 5.6% | 1,527 | 1.8% |
| Totals | 1,480,285 | 332,175 | 22.4% | 1,018,878 | 68.8% | 109,378 | 7.4% | 19,854 | 1.3% |
The name Galicia also can refer to an Autonomous Region of Spain.