Toulouse (original) (raw)
Toulouse (Tolosa in Occitan) is a city in southern France on the shores of the Garonne river. It is also the pr�fecture (capital) of the Haute-Garonne d�partement. The population of the city proper is 398,423 (as of the 1999 census), with 741,000 inhabitants in the greater metropolitan area. Toulouse is the fourth largest city in France, after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The current mayor is Philippe Douste-Blazy.
History
The Roman city of Tolosa became the capital of the Visigoth empire, and later of the kingdom of Aquitaine. In 1271, the area, then a county, was incorporated into France.
See also: Counts of Toulouse.
Economy
The main industries are aeronautics, space, electronics, information technology and biotechnology. Toulouse hosts one of the two main factories of Airbus.
Transportation
The metro is driverless (automatic), the VAL system (v�hicule automatique l�ger); the vehicles are rubber-tired.
Colleges and universities
The University of Toulouse (Université de Toulouse), established in 1230, is located here. It is today one of the largest university cities in France (second after Paris) with more than 110,000 students attending its 3 polytechnics and universities (Universit� Paul Sabatier, Universit� Toulouse Le Mirail, Arsenal), and engineering schools (ENSEEIHT, INSA, INPT, ...)
Culture
There is a thriving scene of unusually beautiful graffiti in Toulouse. At its forefront is painter Miss Van.
Miscellaneous
Toulouse suffered the explosion of the AZF chemical plant on September 21, 2001. The plant was totally destroyed and the explosion destroyed many houses, schools and shops. More than 35,000 flats were damaged. The plant is 8 km (5 miles) from the centre of Toulouse. Twenty nine people died and several thousand were injured. The root of the explosion was in a building containing ammonium nitrate.
Toulouse is known as the "Pink City" ("Ville Rose") because of its distinctive brick architecture.