Use of poison gas in World War I (original) (raw)
Gas Casualties
| Nation |
Casualties (Estimated) |
|
| Fatal |
Non-Fatal |
|
| Russia |
50,000 |
400,000 |
| Germany |
10,000 |
190,000 |
| France |
8,000 |
182,000 |
| Britain |
8,000 |
181,000 |
| Austria-Hungary |
3,000 |
97,000 |
| USA |
1,500 |
71,500 |
| Italy |
4,500 |
55,000 |
British gas casualties (Western Front)
| Date |
Agent |
Casualties (Official) |
|
| Fatal |
Non-fatal |
|
|
| Apr - May 1915 |
Chlorine |
350 |
7,000 |
| May 1915 - Jun 1916 |
Lachrymants |
0 |
0 |
| Dec 1916 - Aug 1916 |
Chlorine |
1,013 |
4,207 |
| Jul 1916 - Jul 1917 |
Various |
532 |
8,806 |
| Jul 1917 - Nov 1918 |
Mustard gas |
4,086 |
160,526 |
Gases used in WW I
A=Allies, G=Germany/Austria-Hungary
| Name |
First use |
Type |
Used by |
| Chlorine |
1915 |
Irritant/Lung |
Both |
| Phosgene |
1915 |
|
Both |
| Chloromethyl chloroformate |
1915 |
|
Both |
| Trichloromethyl chloroformate |
1916 |
|
Both |
| Chloropicrin |
1916 |
|
Both |
| Stannic chloride |
1916 |
|
A |
| Phenyl chloride |
1917 |
|
G |
| Dichloromethyl ether |
1918 |
|
G |
| Diphenyl chlorasine |
1917 |
Irritant/Sternutatory |
G |
| Ethyl dichlorarsine |
1918 |
|
G |
| Ethyl carbazol |
1918 |
|
G |
| Benzyl bromide |
1915 |
Lachrymatory |
G |
| Xylyl bromide |
1915 |
|
G |
| Methyl chlorosulphonate |
1915 |
|
G |
| Ethyl iodoacetate |
1916 |
|
A |
| Bromacetone |
1916 |
|
Both |
| Methyl-ethyl ketone |
1916 |
|
G |
| Acrolein |
1916 |
|
A |
| Hydrocyanic acid |
1916 |
Paralysing |
A |
| Sulphuretted hydrogen |
1916 |
|
A |
| Mustard gas |
1917 |
Vesicant |
Both |
Estimated production of gases (by type)
| Nation |
Production (metric tons) |
|
|
|
| Irritant |
Lachrymatory |
Vesicant |
Total |
|
| Austria-H |
5,080 |
255 |
- |
5,335 |
| Britain |
23,870 |
1,010 |
520 |
25,400 |
| France |
34,540 |
810 |
2,040 |
37,390 |
| Germany |
55,880 |
3,050 |
10,160 |
69,090 |
| Italy |
4,070 |
205 |
- |
4,275 |
| Russia |
3,550 |
155 |
- |
3705 |
| USA |
5,590 |
5 |
175 |
5,770 |